Physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron separation tailings

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metal beneficiation, and particularly relates to a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron separation tailings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1, introducing the ilmenite iron separation tailings into a sloping plate concentrator for concentration treatment, and then feeding concentrated underflow into a preselection spiral chute for reselection and preselection; a physical separation process is adopted in the whole process, chemical agents such as a collecting agent and an inhibitor needed by a flotation method are not used, the agent purchasing cost is reduced, pollution of the chemical agents to the environment is avoided, and the environmental protection policy requirement is met; in addition, according to the method, resources which are possibly abandoned originally in the iron dressing tailings are treated, low-grade titanium ore is recycled from the resources, titanium concentrate and secondary iron ore meeting the industrial standard are produced, meanwhile, the tailings can be used for producing machine-made sand, multi-level and total-factor utilization of the tailings resources is achieved, and the comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ferrous metal beneficiation technology, and in particular relates to a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium is widely used in high-end fields such as aerospace, marine engineering, shipbuilding, and medicine due to its high melting and boiling points, low density, the highest specific strength among metals, excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, as well as its non-toxicity, non-magnetic properties, high plasticity, low temperature resistance, and the ability to retain memory, superconduct, and store hydrogen. It is known as the "third metal" and the "all-around metal". The market has an urgent need for high-quality titanium concentrate. However, titanium minerals are mostly complex minerals associated with multiple minerals. Whether it is ilmenite or rutile, due to the structural properties and composition characteristics of different mining areas, it is difficult to separate high-grade, low-impurity titanium concentrate using a single beneficiation method (for example, the separation of ilmenite from some iron-magnesium silicate minerals is difficult). Usually, a combined beneficiation process is required. Among the existing combined processes, flotation is a commonly used method. However, this process requires the use of a large number of chemical reagents such as collectors (e.g., oleic acid), inhibitors (e.g., sodium silicate), activators (e.g., lead nitrate), and pH adjusters (e.g., sulfuric acid). It also requires complex water treatment facilities and high-standard tailings ponds (with full seepage prevention). This not only significantly increases the investment and operating costs of enterprises, but also, due to increasingly stringent environmental policies and production cost pressures, the application of flotation is subject to many restrictions. Meanwhile, iron ore tailings contain a certain amount of low-grade titanium ore, and their recycling is of great significance for improving resource utilization. However, existing technologies still rely on chemical reagents and flotation processes when recycling such low-grade titanium ore, resulting in high recycling costs and significant environmental risks, making it difficult to achieve efficient and green recycling of low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings.

[0003] To address this issue, a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The tailings from the ilmenite beneficiation process are introduced into an inclined plate thickener for thickening, and then the thickened underflow is sent to a pre-selection spiral chute for gravity separation. Step 2: The concentrate selected by the pre-selection spiral chute is transported to the hydrocyclone for classification by a slurry pump, while the tailings selected by the pre-selection spiral chute are introduced into the flat magnetic separator for strong magnetic scavenging. Step 3: The strong magnetic concentrate produced by the flat plate magnetic separator flows by gravity to the pre-selection concentrate pump pool, and its tailings are used to produce manufactured sand; Step 4: The underflow from the hydrocyclone enters the ball mill for grinding, and the discharged ore after grinding is returned to the pre-selection concentrate pump pool, while the overflow from the hydrocyclone is further refined. Step 5: The overflow flows sequentially through a first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage refining spiral sluice. The concentrate refined in the first-stage spiral sluice enters the second-stage spiral sluice, the concentrate refined in the second-stage spiral sluice enters the third-stage spiral sluice, and the concentrate refined in the third-stage spiral sluice enters the titanium middlings sedimentation tank. The tailings from each spiral sluice enter the tailings pump tank. Step Six: The titanium middlings in the titanium middlings sedimentation tank are transported into a sleeve dryer for drying. The dried titanium middlings are then subjected to magnetic separation in a five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator to obtain titanium concentrate, secondary iron ore and tailings.

[0006] Preferably, in step one, the concentration of the ilmenite tailings is 15%-20%, and after being concentrated by the inclined plate thickener, the underflow concentration reaches 40%-45%.

[0007] Preferably, in step two, the grading fineness of the hydrocyclone is -200 mesh 85-90%.

[0008] Preferably, in step three, the magnetic field strength of the flat magnetic separator is 8000-12000 Gs.

[0009] Preferably, in step four, the grinding discharge from the ball mill is returned to the pre-selected concentrate pump pool, where it together with the underflow from the hydrocyclone forms a grinding cycle.

[0010] Preferably, in step six, the sleeve dryer dries the titanium middlings to provide dry material for subsequent multi-gradient magnetic separation.

[0011] Preferably, in step six, the upper two rollers of the five-roller dry multi-gradient magnetic separator for titanium sand have a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 1300-1400Gs, the middle roller has a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 1000-1200Gs, and the lower two rollers have a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 7500-8500Gs. After magnetic separation by the five-roller dry multi-gradient magnetic separator for titanium sand, the obtained titanium concentrate has a TiO2 grade >45%, the secondary iron ore has a TFe grade >40%, and the TiO2 grade >7%.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings are: By incorporating a set of components including an inclined plate thickener, a pre-selection spiral sluice, a flat plate magnetic separator, a hydrocyclone, a ball mill, a first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage refining spiral sluice, a sleeve dryer, a five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator, a tailings pump pool, a pre-selection concentrate pump pool, and a titanium middlings sedimentation tank, this invention employs a physical separation process throughout. It avoids the use of chemical reagents such as collectors and inhibitors required for flotation, thus reducing reagent procurement costs and preventing environmental pollution, complying with environmental protection policies. Furthermore, this invention treats iron ore tailings that might otherwise be discarded, recovering low-grade titanium ore and producing titanium concentrate and secondary iron ore that meet industry standards. Simultaneously, the tailings can be used to produce manufactured sand, achieving multi-level and comprehensive utilization of tailings resources and improving the overall utilization rate of mineral resources. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a physical sorting method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings, provided by the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Inclined plate thickener; 2. Pre-selection spiral sluice; 3. Flat plate magnetic separator; 4. Hydrocyclone; 5. Ball mill; 6. First-stage fine-selection spiral sluice; 7. Second-stage fine-selection spiral sluice; 8. Third-stage fine-selection spiral sluice; 9. Sleeve dryer; 10. Five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator; 11. Tailings pump pool; 12. Pre-selection concentrate pump pool; 13. Titanium middlings sedimentation tank. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, a physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron ore tailings includes the following steps: Step 1: The tailings from ilmenite beneficiation are introduced into the inclined plate thickener 1 for concentration treatment. Then, the concentrated underflow is sent to the pre-selection spiral chute 2 for gravity pre-selection. The concentration of the ilmenite beneficiation tailings is 15%-20%. After concentration by the inclined plate thickener 1, the underflow concentration reaches 40%-45%. Step 2: The concentrate selected by the pre-selection spiral sluice 2 is transported to the hydrocyclone 4 for classification via a slurry pump. At the same time, the tailings selected by the pre-selection spiral sluice 2 are introduced into the flat magnetic separator 3 for strong magnetic scavenging. The classification fineness of the hydrocyclone 4 is -200 mesh 85-90%. Step 3: The strong magnetic concentrate produced by the flat magnetic separator 3 flows by gravity to the pre-selected concentrate pump pool 12, and its tailings are used to produce manufactured sand. The magnetic field strength of the flat magnetic separator 3 is 8000-12000Gs. Step 4: The underflow from hydrocyclone 4 enters ball mill 5 for grinding. The ore discharged after grinding is returned to pre-selected concentrate pump pool 12. The overflow from hydrocyclone 4 is also finely selected. The ore discharged from ball mill 5 is returned to pre-selected concentrate pump pool 12, and together with the underflow from hydrocyclone 4, they form a grinding cycle. Step 5: The overflow flows sequentially through a first-stage spiral sluice 6, a second-stage spiral sluice 7, and a third-stage spiral sluice 8. The concentrate selected by the first-stage spiral sluice 6 enters the second-stage spiral sluice 7, the concentrate selected by the second-stage spiral sluice 7 enters the third-stage spiral sluice 8, and the concentrate selected by the third-stage spiral sluice 8 enters the titanium middlings sedimentation tank 13. The tailings from each spiral sluice enter the tailings pump tank 11. Step Six: The titanium middlings ore in the titanium middlings sedimentation tank 13 is transported to the sleeve dryer 9 for drying. The dried titanium middlings ore then enters the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator 10 for magnetic separation to obtain titanium concentrate, secondary iron ore, and tailings. The sleeve dryer 9 dries the titanium middlings ore to provide dry material for subsequent multi-gradient magnetic separation. The upper two rollers of the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator 10 have a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 1300-1400Gs, the middle roller has a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 1000-1200Gs, and the lower two rollers have a specification of 400*1200mm and a magnetic field strength of 7500-8500Gs. After magnetic separation by the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator 10, the obtained titanium concentrate has a TiO2 grade >45%, the secondary iron ore has a TFe grade >40%, and the TiO2 grade >7%.

[0017] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical separation method for recovering low grade titanium ore from iron tailings, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: the ilmenite iron tailings are introduced into the inclined plate thickener (1) for concentration treatment, and then the concentrated underflow is sent to the pre-selection spiral chute (2) for pre-concentration by gravity separation; Step two: the concentrate selected by the pre-selection spiral chute (2) is transported to the hydrocyclone (4) for classification, and the tailings selected by the pre-selection spiral chute (2) are introduced into the flat plate magnetic separator (3) for high-intensity magnetic separation; Step three: the high-intensity magnetic concentrate produced by the flat plate magnetic separator (3) flows into the pre-concentration concentrate pump pool (12), and the tailings are used for producing machine-made sand; Step four: the underflow of the hydrocyclone (4) enters the ball mill (5) for grinding, and the ground ore is returned to the pre-concentration concentrate pump pool (12), and the overflow of the hydrocyclone (4) is selected; Step five: the overflow is sequentially passed through the first-stage concentration spiral chute (6), the second-stage concentration spiral chute (7), and the third-stage concentration spiral chute (8), the concentrate selected by the first-stage concentration spiral chute (6) enters the second-stage concentration spiral chute (7), the concentrate selected by the second-stage concentration spiral chute (7) enters the third-stage concentration spiral chute (8), and the concentrate selected by the third-stage concentration spiral chute (8) enters the titanium middlings sedimentation tank (13), and the tailings of each spiral chute enter the tailings pump pool (11); Step six: the titanium middlings in the titanium middlings sedimentation tank (13) are transported into the sleeve dryer (9) for drying, the dried titanium middlings enter the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator (10) for magnetic separation, and titanium concentrate, secondary iron ore and tailings are obtained.

2. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from a selected iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step one, the concentration of the ilmenite iron tailings is 15%-20%, and after concentration by the inclined plate thickener (1), the concentration of the underflow reaches 40%-45%.

3. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step two, the classification fineness of the hydrocyclone (4) is 85-90% of -200 mesh.

4. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step three, the magnetic field strength of the flat plate magnetic separator (3) is 8000-12000Gs.

5. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step four, the ground ore of the ball mill (5) is returned to the pre-concentration concentrate pump pool (12) to form a grinding cycle with the underflow of the hydrocyclone (4).

6. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step six, the sleeve dryer (9) dries the titanium middlings to provide dry materials for subsequent multi-gradient magnetic separation.

7. A physical separation method for recovering low-grade titanium ore from iron tailings according to claim 1, characterized by, In step six, the specifications of the upper two rollers in the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator (10) are 400*1200mm, the magnetic field strength is 1300-1400Gs, the specification of the middle roller is 400*1200mm, the magnetic field strength is 1000-1200Gs, the specifications of the lower two rollers are 400*1200mm, and the magnetic field strength is 7500-8500Gs; after magnetic separation by the five-roller titanium sand dry multi-gradient magnetic separator (10), the TiO2 grade of the obtained titanium concentrate is >45%, the TFe grade of the secondary iron ore is >40%, and the TiO2 grade is >7%.

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