Preparation method of infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material and infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of an infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material and the infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material.The preparation method of the infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material comprises the steps that PMMA microspheres are coated with Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x >, and PMMA-coated Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > is obtained; the PMMA microspheres in the PMMA coated Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > are removed, and hollow Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > is obtained; growing ZnO on the hollow Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > to obtain a first substance; the first substance is dispersed in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with the concentration of 5 mg / mL, vacuum filtration and drying are carried out, the infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material is obtained, and 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension. The infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material prepared by the method has excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and good infrared stealth performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stealth and absorbing materials technology, and in particular to methods for preparing infrared stealth and absorbing materials, as well as infrared stealth and absorbing materials themselves. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the widespread application and continuous advancement of electromagnetic wave and infrared detection technologies in environmental monitoring, industrial inspection, and security, the sensitivity of related equipment to electromagnetic radiation and infrared thermal radiation has significantly improved. While this technological progress brings numerous conveniences, it also places higher demands on the electromagnetic wave absorption performance and infrared stealth performance of equipment in specific application scenarios. Therefore, developing materials with electromagnetic wave absorption properties and infrared stealth capabilities is crucial for improving the adaptability and reliability of equipment in complex electromagnetic and stealth environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing infrared stealth and absorbing materials, as well as infrared stealth and absorbing materials, which overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material is provided, comprising: processing Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x Remove the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres in the mixture yield hollow Ti3C2T x ; in the hollow Ti3C2T x ZnO is grown on a substrate to obtain a first substance. This first substance is then dispersed in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and dried under vacuum to obtain the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material. 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension. The infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material prepared by this method exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and good infrared stealth properties.

[0005] In one alternative approach, the Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x The method includes: preparing Ti3C2T at a concentration of 5 wt%. x Deionized water dispersion; preparation of PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion with a concentration of 10 wt%; the Ti3C2T xThe deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, and the product was collected by centrifugation. The product was then dried to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x .

[0006] In one alternative approach, the preparation concentration of Ti3C2T is 5 wt%. x A method for preparing a deionized water dispersion includes: dissolving LiF powder in a 9M HCl solution to obtain a first solution, wherein 1g of the LiF powder corresponds to 20mL of the HCl solution; adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring to obtain a second solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Ti3AlC2 powder to the LiF powder is 1:1; centrifuging the second solution and washing it with deionized water until the pH of the separated solution reaches neutral to obtain the separated product Ti3C2T. x The separated product Ti3C2T x The Ti3C2T was dispersed in deionized water to obtain a concentration of 5 wt%. x Deionized aqueous dispersion.

[0007] In one alternative method, the method of adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring conditions to obtain the second solution includes: adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring conditions, and stirring continuously at 50°C for 24 hours to obtain the second solution.

[0008] In one alternative approach, the Ti3C2T x The deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, and the product was collected by centrifugation. The product was then dried to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x The method includes: placing the Ti3C2T x The deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, ultrasonicated, and stirred for 3 hours. The product was collected by centrifugation at 3500 rpm and dried under vacuum at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x .

[0009] In one alternative approach, the removal of the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres in the mixture yield hollow Ti3C2T x The method includes: applying the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The hollow Ti3C2T was obtained by placing it in a tube furnace and holding it at 500℃ to 650℃ for 90 minutes under nitrogen protection.x .

[0010] In one alternative approach, the hollow Ti3C2T x A method for obtaining a first substance by growing ZnO on a hollow Ti3C2T substrate includes: growing ZnO on a hollow Ti3C2T substrate. x The mixture was dispersed in a 0.07 mol / L Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution to obtain a first mixture, wherein 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x The first mixture corresponds to 40 mL of the Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution; hexamethylenetetramine is added to the first mixture to obtain a second mixture, wherein 2.8 mmol of the hexamethylenetetramine corresponds to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x Ammonia was added to the second mixture to obtain a third mixture, wherein 1 mL of the ammonia corresponds to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T. x The third mixture was placed in a high-pressure reactor and heated at 105°C to 120°C for 8 to 16 hours to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol and then dried to obtain the first substance.

[0011] In one alternative method, the precipitate is washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol and then dried to obtain the first substance at a drying temperature of 80°C.

[0012] In one alternative method, the method of dispersing the first substance in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL includes: adding the first substance to the cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL and ultrasonically dispersing it for 10 min.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, an infrared stealth and absorbing material is provided, which is prepared using the above-described method for preparing infrared stealth and absorbing materials.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention include providing a method for preparing infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials, comprising: making Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x Remove the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres in the mixture yield hollow Ti3C2T x ; in the hollow Ti3C2T xZnO is grown on a substrate to obtain a first substance. This first substance is then dispersed in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and dried under vacuum to obtain the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material. 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension. The infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material prepared by this method exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and good infrared stealth properties.

[0015] Specifically, both ZnO and hollow structures can effectively reduce impedance mismatch. ZnO, in particular, possesses excellent dielectric loss properties, allowing electromagnetic waves to penetrate the hollow Ti3C2T structure. x The internal structure can undergo multiple losses, resulting in excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Combined with cellulose nanofibers, superior infrared stealth properties can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This invention provides the method for preparing PMMA@Ti3C2T. x A flowchart illustrating the method.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the hollow Ti3C2T provided in the embodiments of the present invention. x A schematic diagram of the process for growing ZnO on top. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] This invention provides a method for preparing infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The method includes the following steps: Step S10, make Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x .

[0021] Among them, Ti3C2T xIt is a type of MXene, which possesses a large specific surface area and good hydrophilicity, making it promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine. The general formula for MXene is Mn + 1XnTx, where "M" represents an early transition metal, "X" represents carbon and / or nitrogen, and "Tx" represents surface groups. In this embodiment of the invention, MXene is specifically Ti3C2T x .

[0022] In some embodiments, the Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x Methods, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: Step S11: Prepare Ti3C2T with a concentration of 5 wt%. x Deionized aqueous dispersion.

[0023] Deionized water is high-purity water obtained by removing electrolytes and minerals from water through methods such as distillation, reverse osmosis, or ion exchange.

[0024] In some embodiments, the preparation of Ti3C2T at a concentration of 5 wt% x A method for preparing a deionized water dispersion includes: dissolving LiF (lithium fluoride) powder in a 9M HCl (hydrochloric acid) solution to obtain a first solution, wherein 1g of the LiF powder corresponds to 20mL of the HCl solution. Under stirring conditions, adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution to obtain a second solution, wherein the stirring speed can be 300rpm, and the mass ratio of the Ti3AlC2 powder to the LiF powder is 1:1. The second solution is centrifuged and washed with deionized water until the pH of the separated solution reaches neutral (e.g., pH between 6 and 7), yielding the separated product Ti3C2T. x The separated product Ti3C2T x The Ti3C2T was dispersed in deionized water to obtain a concentration of 5 wt%. x Deionized aqueous dispersion.

[0025] The method of adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring conditions to obtain the second solution includes: adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring conditions, and stirring continuously at 50°C for 24 hours to obtain the second solution.

[0026] It is understandable that the separated product Ti3C2T x The Ti3C2T was dispersed in deionized water to obtain a concentration of 5 wt%. xThe separated product Ti3C2T used in the deionized water dispersion x The dried substance can be dried by freeze-drying or vacuum drying, for example, freeze-drying at a temperature of -50°C to -80°C for 24 hours, or vacuum drying at 80°C for 2 hours.

[0027] Understandably, commercially available solutions can also be mixed with deionized water to obtain Ti3C2T. x Deionized aqueous dispersion.

[0028] Step S12: Prepare a PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0029] The method for preparing a 10 wt% PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion includes: adding PMMA microspheres to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersing for 30 minutes until homogeneous to obtain a 10 wt% PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion.

[0030] The particle size of PMMA microspheres can range from 200 nm to 500 nm.

[0031] PMMA microspheres were used as sacrificial templates for subsequent construction of hollow Ti3C2T. x .

[0032] Step S13, the Ti3C2T x The deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, and the product was collected by centrifugation. The product was then dried to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x .

[0033] It is worth noting that, in some embodiments, step S13 is specifically implemented as follows: The Ti3C2T... x The deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion were mixed at a 1:1 volume ratio, ultrasonicated, and stirred for 3 hours. The product was collected by centrifugation at 3500 rpm and dried under vacuum at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x .

[0034] Of course, freeze-drying can also be used, for example, freezing the product at a temperature of -50°C to -80°C for 24 hours to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T. x .

[0035] Step S20: Remove the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres in the mixture yield hollow Ti3C2T x .

[0036] PMMA, as a sacrificial component, can be removed through heat treatment. Specifically, this includes: removing the PMMA@Ti3C2T... x The hollow Ti3C2T was obtained by placing it in a tube furnace and holding it at 500℃ to 650℃ for 90 minutes under nitrogen protection. x .

[0037] Step S30, in the hollow Ti3C2T x ZnO is grown on top to obtain the first substance.

[0038] The objective of step S30 is to [achieve the desired result in] hollow Ti3C2T x A surface array is formed of ZnO. In some embodiments, the hollow Ti3C2T... x Methods for growing ZnO on top to obtain the first substance, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: Step S31, the hollow Ti3C2T x The mixture was dispersed in a 0.07 mol / L Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution to obtain a first mixture, wherein 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x This corresponds to 40 mL of the Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution.

[0039] It is worth noting that the hollow Ti3C2T x After being dispersed in a 0.07 mol / L Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution, the mixture can be stirred for 6 hours at a stirring speed of 300 rpm to obtain a uniformly dispersed first mixture.

[0040] Step S32: Add hexamethylenetetramine to the first mixture to obtain a second mixture, wherein 2.8 mmol of the hexamethylenetetramine corresponds to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T. x .

[0041] Step S33: Add ammonia to the second mixture to obtain a third mixture, wherein 1 mL of the ammonia corresponds to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T. x .

[0042] Step S34: The third mixture is placed in a high-pressure reactor and heated at 105°C to 120°C for 8 to 16 hours to obtain a precipitate.

[0043] The volume of the high-pressure reactor can be selected according to the actual situation, such as 100mL.

[0044] High-pressure reactors are preferably stainless steel reactors with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) linings to ensure corrosion resistance and sealing during the reaction process.

[0045] Step S35: Wash the precipitate alternately with deionized water and ethanol and dry it to obtain the first substance.

[0046] The precipitate is washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol and then dried to obtain the first substance. The drying temperature can be 80°C and the drying time is 2 hours.

[0047] The first substance is hollow Ti3C2T. x A composite material with ZnO grown on its surface, resembling a sea urchin.

[0048] Step S40: The first substance is dispersed in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and dried by vacuum filtration to obtain the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material, wherein 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension.

[0049] The cellulose nanofiber suspension is prepared by dispersing cellulose nanofibers in deionized water. Its concentration is precisely controlled by adjusting the ratio of cellulose nanofibers to deionized water. During vacuum filtration, the pressure must be controlled between -0.08 MPa and -0.1 MPa to ensure the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material membranes are dense and uniform. The drying temperature is set at 60℃ for 12 hours to avoid excessive shrinkage or cracking of the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material membranes.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method of dispersing the first substance in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL includes: adding the first substance to the cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL and ultrasonically dispersing it for 10 min.

[0051] This invention provides a method for preparing infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials, including processing Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres were coated to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x Remove the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres in the mixture yield hollow Ti3C2T x ; in the hollow Ti3C2T x ZnO is grown on a substrate to obtain a first substance. This first substance is then dispersed in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and dried under vacuum to obtain the infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material. 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension. The infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material prepared by this method exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and good infrared stealth properties.

[0052] Specifically, both ZnO and hollow structures can effectively reduce impedance mismatch. ZnO, in particular, possesses excellent dielectric loss properties, allowing electromagnetic waves to penetrate the hollow Ti3C2T structure. x The internal structure can undergo multiple losses, resulting in excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Combined with cellulose nanofibers, superior infrared stealth properties can be achieved.

[0053] This invention also provides an infrared stealth and absorbing material, which is prepared using the preparation method of the infrared stealth and absorbing material described in the above embodiments.

[0054] To facilitate readers' understanding of the inventive concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical effects of using the embodiments of the present invention are demonstrated below.

[0055] Example 1 Preparation > 1 g of LiF powder was dissolved in 20 mL of 9 M HCl solution to obtain the first solution. Then, under stirring (at 300 rpm), 1 g of... The powder was slowly added to the first solution. After stirring continuously at 50°C for 24 hours, a second solution was obtained. The second solution was centrifuged and washed repeatedly with deionized water until the pH of the separation liquid reached neutral, thus obtaining the separated product. Separate the product Prepare 10 mL of a 5 wt% solution Deionized water dispersion. Then, while stirring (300 rpm), 10 mL of a 10 wt% PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion was directly poured into... The product was collected in a deionized water dispersion. The resulting solution was ultrasonicated and stirred for 3 hours, then centrifuged at 3500 rpm to collect the product, and dried under vacuum at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain... .

[0056] <Preparation of the first substance> 5g Placed in a tube furnace and held at 500°C for 90 minutes under nitrogen gas protection, hollow tubes were obtained. 20mg of hollow fiber Disperse into 40 mL containing 2.8 mmol The mixture was stirred in a deionized aqueous solution for 6 hours (stirring speed 300 rpm) to obtain a first mixture. 2.8 mmol of hexamethylenetetramine was added to the first mixture to obtain a second mixture. Then, 1 mL of ammonia was added and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a third mixture. The third mixture was then transferred to a 100 mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene and heated at 105 °C for 16 hours to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was washed repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol and dried at 80 °C for 2 hours to obtain the first product.

[0057] <Preparation of Infrared Stealth and Radiation Absorption Materials> 0.5 g of the first substance was added to 20 mL of cellulose nanofiber (CNFs) suspension (concentration 5 mg / mL), ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min, vacuum filtered and dried. The drying temperature was set at 60 °C for 12 hours to obtain infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials.

[0058] Performance Testing The absorption performance was tested using an Agilent vector network analyzer, and the infrared emissivity was tested using an IR-2 dual-band infrared emissivity meter. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Example 2 Preparation > Same as Example 1.

[0060] <Preparation of the first substance> 5g Placed in a tube furnace and held at 650℃ for 90 minutes under nitrogen gas protection, hollow tubes are obtained. 20mg of hollow fiber Disperse into 40 mL containing 2.8 mmol The mixture was stirred in a deionized aqueous solution for 6 hours (stirring speed 300 rpm) to obtain a first mixture. 2.8 mmol of hexamethylenetetramine was added to the first mixture to obtain a second mixture. Then, 1 mL of ammonia was added and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a third mixture. The third mixture was then transferred to a 100 mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene and heated at 120 °C for 8 hours to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was washed repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol and dried at 80 °C for 2 hours to obtain the first substance.

[0061] <Preparation of Infrared Stealth and Radiation Absorption Materials> 1 g of the first substance was added to 20 mL of cellulose nanofiber (CNFs) suspension (concentration 5 mg / mL), ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min, vacuum filtered and dried. The drying temperature was set at 60 °C for 12 hours to obtain infrared stealth and microwave absorbing materials.

[0062] Performance Testing Same as Example 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064] As shown in Table 1, Example 1 exhibits an absorption loss of -55.24 dB, an absorption bandwidth of 5.65 GHz, and an infrared emissivity of 0.21, demonstrating excellent absorption performance and low infrared emissivity. This effectively reduces the likelihood of detection by infrared detection equipment, demonstrating good combined infrared stealth and absorption performance. Example 2 has an absorption loss of -52.52 dB, an absorption bandwidth of 4.87 GHz, and an infrared emissivity of 0.23, also falling within the category of high-efficiency absorbing materials, and possesses excellent infrared stealth capabilities. The materials prepared in both examples exhibit excellent electromagnetic wave absorption and low infrared emissivity, achieving efficient electromagnetic wave attenuation and infrared radiation suppression, providing new insights for the development of stealth materials.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an infrared cloaking and wave absorbing material, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Ti3C2T x PMMA microspheres, to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x ; removing the PMMA microspheres in the PMMA@Ti3C2T x , to obtain hollow Ti3C2T x ; In the hollow Ti3C2T x ZnO is grown on the upper part to obtain a first substance; dispersing the first substance in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and vacuum-filtering and drying to obtain the infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material, wherein 0.5 g to 1 g of the first substance corresponds to 20 mL of the cellulose nanofiber suspension.

2. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for coating PMMA microspheres to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x xT (x=0, 1, 2) includes: x The method for coating PMMA microspheres to obtain PMMA@Ti3C2T x xT (x=0, 1, 2) includes Ti3C2T was prepared at a concentration of 5 wt% x Deionized water dispersion; Preparation of a PMMA microsphere ethanol dispersion solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; The Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres ethanol dispersion liquid and the Ti3C2T x .

3. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation of Ti3C2T x A method of preparing a dispersion of deionized water, comprising: dissolving LiF powder in an HCL solution with a concentration of 9 M to obtain a first solution, wherein 1 g of the LiF powder corresponds to 20 mL of the HCL solution; adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring to obtain a second solution, wherein the mass ratio of the Ti3AlC2 powder to the LiF powder is 1:1; The second solution is centrifuged and washed with deionized water until the pH of the separated liquid reaches neutral, to obtain a separated product Ti3C2T x ; The isolate Ti3C2T x was dispersed in deionized water to obtain a concentration of 5wt% of the Ti3C2T x deionized water dispersion.

4. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method of adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring to obtain a second solution comprises the following steps: adding Ti3AlC2 powder to the first solution under stirring, and continuously stirring at a temperature of 50°C for 24 h to obtain the second solution.

5. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Ti3C2T x The PMMA microspheres ethanol dispersion liquid and the deionized water dispersion liquid are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, and the product is collected by centrifugation. The product is dried to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T x The method comprises the following steps: The Ti3C2T x The deionized water dispersion and the PMMA microspheres ethanol dispersion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, treated with ultrasound and stirred for 3 h; The product was collected by centrifugation at 3500 rpm and dried at 80 °C under vacuum for 2 h to obtain the PMMA@Ti3C2T x .

6. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for removing the PMMA microspheres in the PMMA@Ti3C2T x x, obtaining hollow Ti3C2T x x, comprises: The PMMA@Ti3C2T x is placed in a tube furnace, and is kept at 500-650°C for 90 min under nitrogen protection to obtain the hollow Ti3C2T x .

7. A method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The hollow Ti3C2T x A method for growing ZnO on the first material includes: The hollow Ti3C2T x is dispersed into a Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.07 mol / L to obtain a first mixture, wherein 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x corresponds to 40 mL of the Zn(NO3)2·6H2O aqueous solution; In the first mixture is added hexamethylenetetramine, to obtain a second mixture, wherein 2.8 mmol of the hexamethylenetetramine correspond to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x ; In the second mixture, ammonia water is added to obtain a third mixture, wherein 1 mL of the ammonia water corresponds to 20 mg of the hollow Ti3C2T x ; placing the third mixture in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating at 105°C to 120°C for 8 h to 16 h to obtain a precipitate; washing the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol alternately and drying to obtain the first substance.

8. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drying temperature of the method of washing the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol alternately and drying to obtain the first substance is 80°C.

9. The method for preparing an infrared stealth and microwave absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of dispersing the first substance in a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL comprises the following steps: adding the first substance to a cellulose nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 5 mg / mL, and ultrasonic dispersing for 10 min.

10. An infrared cloaking and wave absorbing material, characterized in that, The infrared stealth and wave-absorbing material is prepared by using the method of any one of claims 1-9.

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