Multi-stage gripper shoe type reaming vertical shaft heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage gripper shoe type chambering vertical shaft heading machine, and belongs to the technical field of vertical shaft heading. The equipment comprises a tunneling module used for reaming excavation of a vertical shaft; the lining module is arranged above the tunneling module and used for subsequent pouring lining of the wall face of the vertical shaft, and the lining module comprises a step changing unit; the rear matched supporting columns are arranged between the tunneling module and the lining module, and the rear matched supporting columns are used for connecting the tunneling module and the lining module and providing supporting points for descending and propelling of the subsequent lining module; according to the invention, during the tunneling process, the weight of the lining module is directly transmitted to the double-layer gripper shoe assembly in the tunneling module through the rear supporting column, so that the requirement on the hoisting capacity of a wellhead is reduced, and the well wall lining support closely follows the excavation operation, so that the bareness time of surrounding rock is shortened; in the step changing process, the weight of the tunneling module is borne by the lining module and does not depend on the integrity and strength of the rock stratum in front of the cutterhead any more, and the construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-stage support shoe type shaft expansion machine, belonging to the field of shaft excavation technology. Background Technology

[0002] A shaft reaming tunneling machine is a mechanized device specifically designed for excavating vertical or inclined shafts. It is primarily used in underground engineering construction, such as water intake shafts for hydropower stations, ventilation shafts, mining shafts, tunnel ventilation shafts, and underground parking lots. Compared to traditional drill-and-blast methods, shaft reaming tunneling machines offer advantages such as higher construction efficiency, better safety, and less environmental impact.

[0003] Currently, when the reaming machine is lining the shaft wall with concrete after the hole has been reamed, the lining speed is generally lower than the tunneling speed. In order to ensure that the lining and tunneling are carried out synchronously, it is usually necessary to reduce the tunneling speed of the main machine, which leads to a decrease in the overall construction efficiency of the shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by this invention are as follows: First, when enlarging a vertical shaft, the subsequent supporting equipment adopts a hoisting scheme, which requires a high lifting capacity at the ground wellhead and cannot adapt to the limited space of a large tunnel. Second, the lining support and shaft excavation cannot be synchronized, resulting in a long period of exposed shaft wall and posing a construction safety hazard. Third, when the tunneling machine changes steps, the entire weight of the machine is applied to the front of the cutterhead, which requires high integrity and strength of the rock mass. This invention provides a multi-stage support shoe type shaft enlarging machine, which solves the problem of the inability to synchronize shaft wall lining and shaft excavation in the existing technology.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a multi-stage support shoe type shaft reaming machine, including a reaming module for shaft reaming;

[0006] A lining module is installed above the tunneling module and is used for subsequent pouring of lining on the shaft wall.

[0007] Several rear-mounted support columns are installed between the tunneling module and the lining module. The rear-mounted support columns are used to connect the tunneling module and the lining module and provide support points for the subsequent descent and advancement of the lining module.

[0008] The lining module is equipped with a step-changing unit, which includes a step-changing support shoe cylinder. The step-changing support shoe cylinder is tightened to the shaft wall when the tunneling module descends.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the lining and tunneling of the shaft can be carried out simultaneously, improving the overall construction efficiency. The entire lining module is connected to the tunneling module via a rear-mounted support column, eliminating the need for a separate support platform or flexible connection between the support trolley and the main unit. This reduces the design requirements of the ground transportation system and allows lining support to closely follow tunneling construction. This enables the lining module to perform lining operations simultaneously with the tunneling module's excavation and borehole enlargement.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that: the tunneling module includes a conical reaming cutterhead, and a double-layer support shoe assembly for propelling its descent is provided above the conical reaming cutterhead, and a hollow support shoe main shaft is provided at the center of the double-layer support shoe assembly.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the unique structure of the conical reamer can break up rock and soil in layers, and combined with the rotary cutting action, it significantly improves the reaming efficiency in hard strata. The double-layer support shoe design provides a more stable stress point for tunneling, improving tunneling efficiency.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the lining module also includes a lifting basket platform disposed above the step-changing unit, and the lifting basket platform suspends several lifting baskets for wire mesh shotcrete support below the vertical shaft.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the suspended multiple lifting baskets can flexibly adjust their height and position to perform targeted grouting at the joints of the lining rings or weak areas of the stratum, thereby improving the sealing and load-bearing capacity of the lining structure.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the step-changing unit further includes a plurality of auxiliary propulsion cylinders whose propulsion direction is parallel to the vertical shaft wall, and the propulsion direction of the step-changing support shoe cylinder is perpendicular to the vertical shaft wall.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic cylinders of the step-changing support shoes are controlled to press against the shaft wall during the descent of the tunneling module, providing a portion of the bearing capacity for the entire tunneling machine. This reduces the bearing capacity required for excavating the bottom rock mass, thereby increasing the maximum tunneling depth, reducing the remaining rock mass depth, and facilitating subsequent manual blasting excavation. Controlling the descent of both the lining module and the tunneling module using vertical auxiliary propulsion cylinders improves the stability of their descent.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: a central platform and a slag collection assembly are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the auxiliary propulsion cylinder; the slag collection assembly is used to collect the rebound material generated during the shotcrete support process; the slag collection assembly includes several circumferentially arranged slag collection plates; and a slag scraping robotic arm is rotatably arranged above the slag collection plates.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag collection plate can collect most of the cement slurry slag scattered during the shotcrete support process, which is convenient for subsequent cleaning. The slag on the slag collection plate is scraped off by the slag scraping robotic arm to prevent it from drying and solidifying on the slag collection plate.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: an anchor support platform is provided below the slag collection assembly and is fixedly connected to the rear supporting column.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the anchor bolt support platform can further improve the support lining efficiency and strength of the shaft wall. When encountering loose strata, it can achieve rapid anchor bolt support, reinforce the shaft wall, and provide a stable support surface for the subsequent step-changing support shoe.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: a dust removal pipe is provided through the middle of the lifting basket platform, one end of the dust removal pipe extends upward to the ground of the shaft and is equipped with a dust removal fan, and the other end passes downward through the step-changing unit and continues to extend downward to communicate with the main shaft of the support shoe.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tunneling module is tunneling downwards, the dust removal fan is controlled to draw dust into the dust removal pipe, thereby drawing the dust generated during tunneling into the dust removal pipe and discharging it from the top of the dust removal pipe. This can reduce the dust generated in the underground cavern during tunneling, improve the air quality of the underground cavern, and thus improve the working environment.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a telescopic sleeve is connected between the main shaft of the support shoe and the dust removal pipe.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a flexible telescopic sleeve is used to connect the main shaft of the support shoe to the dust removal pipe. The telescopic sleeve can extend as the tunneling module descends and contract as the lining module descends.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that: the tapered end of the tapered reaming cutter disc is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the main shaft of the support shoe, and an air inlet grille is provided inside the air inlet.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the air intake grille can filter large stones, preventing them from clogging the inside of the support shoe main shaft, and can effectively absorb a large amount of dust generated during tunneling.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that: a plurality of the rear supporting columns are equidistantly distributed around the dust removal pipe as the axis and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected in the middle, the sliding sleeve being slidably fitted onto the dust removal pipe.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, a sliding sleeve is used to achieve a transition connection between the lining module and the tunneling module, so that the two can slide relative to each other, and the lining module can also be supported by the rear supporting column set on the sliding sleeve.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] The lining module is flexibly connected to the bottom tunneling module via a rear-mounted support column. This allows the lining module to operate with the support of the rear support column and to perform lining work simultaneously with the tunneling module as it descends, thus improving overall construction efficiency. By connecting the entire lining module to the tunneling module, the lining module descends synchronously with the tunneling module, eliminating the need to establish a lining transportation system on the ground and reducing construction difficulty.

[0030] By setting up a step-changing unit, a certain amount of support can be provided for the subsequent descent of the tunneling module, avoiding the weight of the entire lining module and tunneling module falling on the excavated rock mass at the bottom. This increases the maximum tunneling depth of the entire shaft and facilitates the subsequent manual blasting excavation of the remaining rock mass. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the step-changing unit structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling module structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Tunneling module; 101. Conical reamer head; 102. Support shoe spindle; 103. Directional cylinder; 104. Main propulsion cylinder; 105. Double-layer support shoe assembly; 106. Air intake grille; 107. Air inlet; 2. Lining module; 3. Shaft; 4. Rear support column; 5. Step-changing unit; 501. Step-changing support shoe cylinder; 502. Auxiliary propulsion cylinder; 6. Lifting basket platform; 7. Lifting basket; 8. Central platform; 9. Slag collection assembly; 901. Slag collection plate; 902. Slag scraping robotic arm; 10. Anchor bolt support platform; 11. Dust removal pipeline; 12. Telescopic sleeve; 13. Dust removal fan; 14. Sliding sleeve; 15. Transition plate; 16. Slag chute guide shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate a clear understanding of the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a multi-stage support shoe type shaft boring machine includes a tunneling module 1 for reaming and excavating a shaft 3. The tunneling module 1 includes a conical reaming cutterhead 101, and a double-layer support shoe assembly 105 for propelling the cutterhead 101 downwards is arranged above the conical reaming cutterhead 101. A hollow support shoe main shaft 102 is arranged at the center of the double-layer support shoe assembly 105. It also includes a lining module 2 for lining the sidewalls of the shaft 3. The lining module 2 and the shaft 3 module are connected to each other by a rear-mounted support column 4. The lining module 2 includes a step-changing unit 5 and a lifting platform 6 arranged above the step-changing unit 5.

[0037] Specifically, the double-layer support shoe assembly 105 includes four support shoe units equidistantly arranged around the circumference. Each support shoe unit is equipped with a support shoe cylinder at both the upper and lower ends. The lower end of the support shoe unit is also equipped with a directional cylinder 103 connected to the support shoe main shaft 102, and the inner side of the upper end is equipped with a main propulsion cylinder 104 connected to the support shoe main shaft 102.

[0038] Therefore, the shaft boring machine in this application uses a rear-mounted support column 4 to connect the tunneling module 1 and the lining module into one unit, allowing the two modules to descend synchronously. Compared with traditional tunnel boring machines that separate tunneling and lining, it is more efficient and easier to construct. During the tunneling process, after the tunneling module 1 has descended to a certain depth, the lining module 2 can descend to the same height simultaneously, allowing the tunneling process and the lining pouring process to be carried out simultaneously. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for ground support equipment such as lining baskets, simplifying the construction steps and increasing the overall integration of the tunnel boring machine. The double-layer support shoe assembly 105 provides a strong tunneling support point for the conical reamer head 101, thereby improving tunneling efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, a rear supporting column 4 is fixedly connected above each support shoe unit, and a dust removal pipe 11 is connected to the upper end of the support shoe main shaft 102 via a flexible telescopic sleeve 12. A sliding sleeve 14 is slidably fitted onto the end of the dust removal pipe 11. The upper parts of the four rear supporting columns 4 are all fixed to the sliding sleeve 14 and slide synchronously with the sliding sleeve 14. The four rear supporting columns 4 are equidistantly arranged around the dust removal sleeve. An anchor bolt support platform 10 is provided at the upper end of the four rear supporting columns 4, and the bottom of the anchor bolt support platform 10 is fixed to the rear supporting column 4.

[0040] In this embodiment, the upper end of the dust removal pipe 11 extends upward to the ground, and a dust removal fan 13 is installed at the end. Before the shaft 3 is enlarged and excavated, a 32m pilot shaft is excavated using directional drilling + reverse drilling technology to connect the ground and underground, forming a chute guide shaft 16. During the excavation process, the tunneling assembly aligns the opening of the support shoe main shaft 102 with the chute guide shaft 16, thereby achieving communication between the dust removal pipe 11, the inner cavity of the support shoe main shaft 102, and the chute guide shaft 16. By controlling the operation of the dust removal fan 13, a large amount of dust generated during the tunneling process can be sucked to the ground through the dust removal pipe 11 connected to the chute guide shaft 16, which helps maintain the air quality of the underground cavern and improves the working environment.

[0041] Specifically, the dust removal fan 13 is an axial flow fan, installed at least 20m from the inlet. A sheet metal duct is used outside the tunnel, while anti-static, flame-retardant flexible ducts are used inside. The duct is a φ800mm diameter zipper-type rigid duct, connected to the subsequent dust removal pipeline. During dust removal, the fan operating frequency is automatically adjusted according to the tunneling distance to match the air volume and pressure with the demand, while energy saving is achieved through frequency conversion.

[0042] Furthermore, a slag collection assembly 9 is provided above the anchor bolt support platform 10 for collecting rebound cement slag generated during the shotcrete support process. The slag collection assembly 9 includes a transition plate 15, through which four slag collection plates 901 are provided. A slag scraping mechanical arm 902 is also rotatably provided on the lower end face of the transition plate 15.

[0043] In this embodiment, the slag collection plate 901 is inclined, with its high side close to the wall of the vertical shaft 3 and its low side close to the direction of the sliding sleeve 14. The sliding sleeve 14 and the dust removal sleeve are provided with four openings for slag to enter. When the lining operation is carried out, the openings on the sliding sleeve 14 correspond to the openings on the dust removal sleeve, so that the slag falling on the slag collection plate 901 can be scraped off by the slag scraping robot arm 902 and enter the dust removal pipe 11 through the aligned openings. It is then discharged to the underground cavern below for centralized treatment through the inner cavity of the support shoe main shaft 102 connected to the dust removal pipe 11.

[0044] On the other hand, when the tunneling module 1 descends as a whole, the sliding sleeve 14, which descends synchronously with the tunneling module 1, also slides down, causing the opening on the sliding sleeve 14 to be misaligned with the opening on the dust removal sleeve. This prevents the slurry on the scraper plate from being discharged when the lining module 2 descends, thus improving the safety of the operation.

[0045] Furthermore, a step-changing unit 5 is provided at the upper end of the transition plate 15. The step-changing unit 5 includes an auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502 connected to the transition plate 15. The other end of the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502 is connected to the central platform 8. At the same time, four step-changing support shoe cylinders 501 are equidistantly arranged around the dust removal pipe 11 below the central platform 8. The extension and retraction direction of the step-changing support shoe cylinders 501 is perpendicular to the wall of the shaft 3. In this embodiment, a support shoe plate is provided at the end of the extension shaft of the step-changing support shoe cylinder 501. The support shoe plate is pushed and tightened to the wall of the shaft 3 by the extension shaft when the tunneling module 1 descends. A control center for controlling the extension and retraction of the auxiliary propulsion cylinders 502 and the step-changing support shoe cylinders 501 is provided above the central platform 8.

[0046] Furthermore, a lifting platform 6 is installed above the central platform 8 via a dust removal pipe 11. The dust removal pipe 11 passes through the lifting platform 6 and extends in the opposite direction to the ground. Multiple lifting baskets 7 for lining are suspended from the lifting platform 6 below the shaft 3. Construction workers descend to the predetermined points by riding in the lifting baskets 7 to perform grouting on the wall of the shaft 3. Before grouting support, a layer of iron mesh is laid on the wall of the shaft 3 to effectively reduce grout rebound during the grouting process and improve the efficiency of grouting support.

[0047] An anchor bolting machine is installed on the anchor bolting support platform 10, which can be used to drill holes for support on the shaft wall.

[0048] In this embodiment, a winch is installed on the lifting platform 6 to control the descent of the lifting platform 7. During the shotcreting process, the anchor bolt machine on the anchor bolt support platform 10 drills holes to support the wall of the shaft 3, thereby improving the lining support strength.

[0049] On the other hand, when weak rock layers appear on the shaft wall, the anchor bolt machine on the anchor bolt platform is used for support to strengthen the overall strength of the shaft wall, which makes it easier to support the shoe during subsequent step changes.

[0050] Furthermore, the tapered end of the tapered reamer 101 is provided with an air inlet 107 that communicates with the main shaft of the support shoe 102, and an air inlet grille 106 is provided inside the air inlet 107. The air inlet grille 106 can filter out large stones, preventing them from clogging the inside of the main shaft of the support shoe 102, and can effectively absorb the large amount of dust generated during tunneling.

[0051] During the excavation of shaft 3, once the excavation conditions are confirmed, the conical reamer 101 is first activated. Under the thrust of the main propulsion cylinder 104, the conical reamer 101 rotates and advances forward. The support shoe main shaft 102 is braced against the tunnel wall to provide the main propulsion cylinder reaction force for the tunneling machine. The excavated soil cut by the conical reamer 101 flows from the cutter chamber into the chute 16 for muck removal. Simultaneously, on the central platform 8, the operator performs anchor mesh spraying operations, completing the support work while excavating. When the excavation progresses 0.6m, one cycle of excavation is completed. During normal excavation, the rotation speed of the conical reamer 101 is controlled at 4-8 r / min, the penetration depth is controlled at 1-3 mm / r, and the excavation speed is controlled at 4-24 mm / min.

[0052] After a single tunneling cycle is completed, a stop and step change are performed. At this time, the conical reamer head 101 stops rotating. Based on the surrounding rock conditions of the support shoe system, the step change support shoe cylinder 501 is extended outward, so that the entire central platform 8 and the working platform above it are supported by the step change unit 5. After the step change support shoe cylinder 501 abuts against the inner wall of the shaft 3, the tensioning cylinder in the double-layer support shoe assembly 105 is slowly retracted. After the shoe plate on the cylinder detaches from the rock wall, the adjusting cylinder 103 and the main propulsion cylinder 104 are retracted, so that the conical reamer head 101 disengages from the bottom of the shaft 3. The entire tunneling module 1 is pushed downward by the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502, so that the conical reamer head 101 re-abuts against the bottom of the shaft 3, and then the double-layer support shoe assembly 105 is controlled to support the shaft 3 wall. Retract the step change support cylinder 501, control the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502 to retract, and the entire central platform 8 will descend accordingly, completing a single stop and step change.

[0053] During tunneling with the conical reamer head 101, a certain angle adjustment operation is usually required to align the tunneling direction of the entire tunneling system with the theoretical centerline of the shaft 3. This is achieved by adjusting the zone pressure of the aligning cylinder 103 and the main propulsion cylinder 104 to regulate the different strokes of each cylinder, thereby adjusting the tunneling direction of the equipment.

[0054] Specifically, when the left stroke of the directional cylinder 103 is greater than the right stroke, the cutting head of the conical reaming cutterhead 101 swings from left to right; when the front stroke is greater than the rear stroke, the cutting head of the conical reaming cutterhead 101 swings backward. Similarly, controlling the pressure in other directions of the directional cylinder 103 allows for adjustment of the cutting head's different digging directions. During the directional adjustment process, a single directional adjustment action cannot cause the side cutter to move more than 3mm; the maximum displacement of the side cutter is 25mm over a 0.5m stroke.

[0055] During the construction of lining module 22, support is provided by anchor mesh and anchor bolts. Taking the actual construction plan as an example, during the shotcrete operation, the anchor bolt spacing is 1.5m x 1.5m, with a rock penetration depth of 2.9m. The thickness of the mesh and shotcrete is 100mm. Each row requires 15 anchor bolts and 11 mesh panels. Approximately 2.9m³ of shotcrete is applied per linear meter. Anchor bolt installation and grouting are carried out simultaneously. During shotcreting, a shotcrete machine is used to spray grout into the areas where the anchor mesh is laid.

[0056] Specifically, a rock drill is used for drilling, and the borehole diameter is at least 15mm larger than the anchor bolt diameter, with a depth deviation of less than 50mm. The anchor bolt holes are arranged in a rectangular pattern, with a positional deviation of less than 100mm. After drilling is completed, the stone powder inside the anchor holes is flushed away using high-pressure air and water.

[0057] Before each shotcrete cycle begins, the anchor drilling rig, grouting pump, and other relevant equipment inside the support plate must be protected with crystal curtains, and the holes in the working plate must be protected to prevent the shotcrete material from falling into the main unit area.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] First, the rock mass is enlarged and excavated using the tunneling module 1. Simultaneously, the lining module 2 is used to pour the lining. After the tunneling module 1 reaches its maximum stroke, the cylinders on the double-layer support shoe assembly 105 are retracted, and the step-changing support shoe cylinder 501 is controlled to press against the shaft wall of the vertical shaft 3, supporting the modules above the entire central platform 8 and the dust removal pipe 11. At this time, the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502 is controlled to push the transition plate 15 downward. The transition plate 15 pushes the sliding sleeve 14 to slide, causing the rear supporting column 4 connected to the sliding sleeve 14 to descend. At the same time, the main propulsion cylinder 104 and the directional cylinder 103 retract. During this process, the conical reaming cutterhead 101 is always in contact with the rock mass below. After the main propulsion cylinder 104 and the directional cylinder 103 have fully retracted, the support shoe cylinder on the double-layer support shoe assembly 105 is controlled to re-abut against the wall of the shaft 3, and then the step-changing support shoe cylinder 501 is retracted. The auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502 is controlled to retract, and the entire lining module 2 above is driven to descend through the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 502, realizing the single tunneling of the entire tunneling machine.

[0060] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multiple stage shoe and reamer raise boring machine characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of multi-level support shoe type reaming shaft sinking machine, including: Excavation module (1) is used for reaming excavation of shaft (3); Lining module (2) is arranged above the excavation module (1), for subsequent pouring lining of shaft wall of shaft (3); Several post-matching support columns (4) are arranged between the excavation module (1) and the lining module (2), the post-matching support column (4) is used for connecting the excavation module (1) and lining module (2), and provides support point for subsequent lining module (2) descending advancement; Wherein, the lining module (2) is provided with step-changing unit (5), the step-changing unit (5) includes step-changing support shoe oil cylinder (501), the step-changing support shoe oil cylinder (501) is tightened to the shaft wall of shaft (3) when the excavation module (1) descends.

2. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 1 wherein: The excavation module (1) includes a conical reaming cutter head (101), a double-layer support shoe assembly (105) for advancing its descent is arranged above the conical reaming cutter head (101), and the double-layer support shoe assembly (105) is provided with an internally hollow support shoe main shaft (102) at the center.

3. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 2, wherein: The lining module (2) further includes a lifting basket platform (6) arranged above the step-changing unit (5), and the lifting basket platform (6) suspends a plurality of lifting baskets (7) for hanging net spraying support downwardly into the shaft (3).

4. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 1 wherein: The step-changing unit (5) further includes a plurality of auxiliary advancing oil cylinders (502) with advancing directions parallel to the wall surface of the shaft (3), and the advancing direction of the step-changing support shoe oil cylinder (501) is perpendicular to the wall surface of the shaft (3).

5. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 4 wherein: The auxiliary advancing oil cylinder (502) is provided with a central platform (8) and a slag collecting assembly (9) at the upper and lower ends, respectively, the slag collecting assembly (9) is used for collecting rebounding materials generated in the process of spraying support, and the slag collecting assembly (9) includes a plurality of annularly arranged slag collecting plates (901), and a slag scraping mechanical arm (902) is rotatably arranged above the slag collecting plates (901).

6. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 5 wherein: The slag collecting assembly (9) is provided below with an anchor rod support platform (10) fixedly connected with the post-matching support column (4).

7. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 3 wherein: A dust removal pipeline (11) is arranged to penetrate through the middle of the lifting basket platform (6), one end of the dust removal pipeline (11) extends upward to the ground of the shaft (3) and is provided with a dust removal fan (13), and the other end extends downward through the step-changing unit (5) and then continues to extend downward to be in communication with the support shoe main shaft (102).

8. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 7, characterised in that: A telescopic sleeve (12) is connected between the support shoe main shaft (102) and the dust removal pipeline (11).

9. A multiple stage shoe and bell expansion shaft sinking machine according to claim 2 wherein: An air inlet (107) is arranged in communication with the support shoe main shaft (102) at the conical end of the conical reaming cutter head (101), and an air inlet grille (106) is arranged in the air inlet (107).

10. The multi-level support shoe type reaming shaft sinking machine according to claim 7, wherein: The plurality of post-matching support columns (4) are equidistantly distributed around the dust removal pipeline (11) as an axis and are fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve (14) at the middle, and the sliding sleeve (14) is slidably sleeved on the dust removal pipeline (11).

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