Vehicle-mounted iron powder hydrogen production device

Abstract

A vehicle-mounted iron powder hydrogen production device comprises an iron powder box, iron powder, an electrically operated valve, an electrical bar, a reaction tube, a rack, a recovery tank, a purifier, purification liquid, a pressure-stabilizing hydrogen storage tank, a cooler, a recovery valve, vaporizing liquid and the like, and is characterized in that the iron powder is filled in the iron powder box, the electrical bar is arranged in the reaction tube, the reaction tube is fixed on the rack, and the recovery tank is fixed on the rack. And the cooler, the purifier, the recovery tank and the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen storage tank are communicated through pipelines. The working process comprises the following steps: firstly, supplying power, feeding iron powder into the reaction tube by the electric valve, heating the iron powder by the electric heating rod, meeting the heated iron powder with steam of vaporized liquid in the reaction tube, and carrying out chemical reaction to generate H2 and Fe3O4; h2 is cooled by the cooler, enters the purifier for purification and then is stored by the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen storage tank for later use. Fe3O4 enters a recovery tank for later use. Fe2O4 is an important chemical raw material for pigment, antirust paint, recording tape, video tape, radiation protection and the like. The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted device for producing hydrogen by using iron powder made of scrap iron as a raw material, and belongs to a new technology in the field of hydrogen production. Hydrogen which is produced and used at any time can replace diesel oil and gasoline to drive vehicles, ships and the like. And the hydrogen production device is simple, easy to manufacture, low in cost and convenient to use, the power cost of the hydrogen production device is about one third of that of diesel oil, and zero emission is realized. The market is very large and long-lasting, and commercialized operation can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device with iron powder, and belongs to the hydrogen production technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, there are three main industrial hydrogen production methods: 1 coal and natural gas, accounting for about 50% of the total output; 2 coke oven gas and chlor-alkali tail gas, accounting for about 19%; and 3 electrolysis of water, accounting for about 4%. Other methods such as biomass, sunlight and aluminum alloy are still in the experimental development stage and have not entered the commercial market due to the constraints of technical maturity and high cost. The cost of 1 kg hydrogen produced by different methods is about: coal hydrogen 8-11 yuan (coal price 550 yuan), natural gas hydrogen 20-24 yuan (natural gas price 3.5 yuan / m3), water electrolysis hydrogen 40-50 yuan (electricity price 0.6 yuan / kwh). The current industrial hydrogen price is about 3.18 yuan / m3. Fossil fuels and coal hydrogen production both produce carbon dioxide and other pollutants. The waste iron is made into iron powder and reacts with water vapor to produce hydrogen at random, and no carbon dioxide or other pollutants are produced. The raw material is abundant and cheap. The problem is how to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the iron powder, miniaturize the device and realize the cost lower than the current industrial hydrogen production cost. This can be realized by the application. Through retrieval, no related technical report of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production device with iron powder has been found. SUMMARY

[0003] The hydrogen production device comprises an iron powder box, iron powder, an electric valve, a feeding pipe, an electric heating rod, a reaction pipe, an electromagnet, a heat preservation layer, a frame, a recovery tank, a recovery valve, a water injection valve, a hydrogen pipe, a liquid discharge valve, a hydrogen supply valve, a constant pressure hydrogen storage tank, a booster pump, a hydrogen delivery pipe, a purifier, a liquid injection valve, a cooler, a water supply valve, a water return pipe, a water return valve, a mixing pipe, purifying liquid, and vaporizing liquid. The iron powder box contains iron powder. The upper end of the feeding pipe is connected to the discharge port of the iron powder box, the lower end is connected to the inlet of the reaction pipe, and the middle part is provided with an electric valve. The reaction pipe is provided with an electric heating rod, the outer surface is provided with a heat preservation layer, and a plurality of electromagnets are arranged on the lower end of the reaction pipe. The lower end of the recovery tank is connected to the upper inlet of the recovery tank, and the left lower end is fixed on the frame. The lower part of the recovery tank is provided with a recovery valve, and the upper part is provided with a water injection valve. The upper end of the hydrogen pipe is connected to the outlet of the cooler, and the lower end is arranged in the lower part of the purifier. The lower part of the constant pressure hydrogen storage tank is provided with a hydrogen supply valve. The upper end of the hydrogen delivery pipe is connected to the outlet of the purifier, the lower end is connected to the inlet of the constant pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the middle part is provided with a booster pump. The lower part of the purifier is provided with a liquid discharge valve, and the upper part is provided with a liquid injection valve containing purifying liquid. The upper part of the cooler is provided with a water supply valve. The lower end of the mixing pipe is connected to the gas outlet of the reaction pipe, and the upper end is connected to the inlet of the cooler. The upper end of the water return pipe is connected to the water return port of the cooler, the lower end is connected to the guide pipe of the water injection valve, and the middle part is provided with a water return valve. The electric heating rod and the electromagnet are turned on and off as needed. The iron powder is a 10-400 mesh powder made of scrap iron. The electric valve half-hole ball is always in a closed state during the feeding process. The electromagnet generates a strong magnetic field to attract and move the iron powder. The electric heating rod is used to heat the iron powder and water, and is made of silicon nitride and tungsten. The reaction pipe is made of one of quartz and ceramic. The purifying liquid is a solution composed of 2-6% sodium hydroxide and water. The vaporizing liquid is deionized water or water. The purpose of using deionized water is to improve the quality of ferroferric oxide and increase the efficiency.

[0004] The hydrogen production process is as follows: first, power supply, electric valve works, iron powder falls into the reaction pipe by gravity, is heated by the electric heating rod, and is controlled by the magnetic field of the electromagnet to be attracted, suspended, and oscillated. The electromagnet is powered on and off in turn to move the iron powder downward. The iron powder has been heated to about 580 degrees by the electric heating rod. The vaporizing liquid in the recovery tank is also heated at the same time, and the generated water vapor enters the reaction pipe and meets the 580-degree iron powder, generating H2 and Fe3O4 through chemical reaction. Hydrogen and excess water vapor enter the cooler through the mixing pipe to reduce the temperature, and the water vapor condenses into water. The hydrogen enters the purifier through the hydrogen pipe, is purified by the purifying liquid, and then enters the constant pressure hydrogen storage tank through the hydrogen delivery pipe and the booster pump for pressure boosting, for standby use. Ferroferric oxide slides to the bottom of the recovery tank and is recovered by the recovery valve for standby use.

[0005] The hydrogen production device is technically feasible. The iron powder is heated to about 580 degrees and reacts with water vapor. The chemical reaction equation is as follows:

[0006] 3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2

[0007] The reaction products are hydrogen gas and iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4). The electromagnet's magnetic field is used to move, suspend, and vibrate the iron powder, promoting rapid and complete reaction and improving reaction efficiency. This is the core feature of this patent. Calculations based on the above formula show that to produce 1 kg of hydrogen, approximately 21 kg of iron powder and 9 kg of water are needed, yielding 29 kg of iron(III) oxide. This is a theoretical value, and the actual result may not be achievable due to many factors affecting the actual effect.

[0008] The economic benefits of an iron powder hydrogen production unit are explained below: 1 kg of iron powder costs 2.3-3 yuan, so we'll take 2.8 yuan; 1 kg of water costs 0.1 yuan; 1 kg of industrial-grade Fe3O4 costs 3-4 yuan, so we'll take 3.5 yuan; and 1 m³ of hydrogen has a market price of 3.18 yuan, so 1 kg (approximately 11.2 m³) costs 35.62 yuan. The raw material price is 21 x 2.8 = 58.8 + 9 x 0.1 = 0.9, totaling 59.7 yuan. The product price is 29 x 3.5 = 101.5 + 35.62 - 137.12 yuan. If the hydrogen production price is calculated based on the coal-based hydrogen price of 10 yuan / kg, the product price would be 110.5 yuan, still 50.8 yuan higher than the raw material price, indicating room for price reduction. Heating 21 kg of iron powder from room temperature to 600 degrees Celsius requires 126 kcal, and heating 9 kg of water to 600 degrees Celsius requires 900 kcal, totaling 1026 kcal. Assuming a thermal efficiency of 50%, this requires 2052 kcal. 1 kg of hydrogen has 28914 kcal. Subtracting 2052 kcal leaves 26862 kcal, which is more than sufficient for self-sufficiency, requiring only a backup battery for starting. This is a prerequisite for the use of hydrogen produced on-site in vehicles and ships. It eliminates the hassle of transporting, storing, and building hydrogen storage stations. Existing gas stations and docks can add a new service: supplying iron powder and water, and recovering iron(III) oxide. The calorific value of 1 kg of hydrogen is approximately 2.5 times that of diesel. 2.5 kg of diesel costs about 25 yuan. Using hydrogen produced with this patent, priced at 7 yuan / kg, the power cost is approximately 28% of that of diesel, saving more than two-thirds, and with zero pollution. Ferric oxide (Fe3O4) is an important chemical raw material. Due to variations in purity and particle size, its applications differ significantly, resulting in substantial price differences. It is mainly used in pigments, rust-preventive paints, audio tapes, magnetic recording, and radiation protection. This patented hydrogen production method boasts lower hydrogen production costs than coal-based methods, is environmentally friendly, and offers a more sustainable approach. The market is large and long-term, making it economically viable for commercial operation. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted iron powder hydrogen production device of the present invention.

[0010] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electric valve structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] See appendix Figure 1The schematic structure diagram of the vehicle-mounted iron powder hydrogen production device comprises an iron powder box 1, iron powder 2, an electric valve 3, a feeding pipe 4, an electric heating rod 5, a reaction pipe 6, an electromagnet 7, a heat preservation layer 8, a rack 9, a recovery tank 10, a recovery valve 11, a water injection valve 12, a hydrogen pipe 13, a liquid discharge valve 14, a hydrogen supply valve 15, a pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank 16, a booster pump 17, a hydrogen delivery pipe 18, a purifier 19, a liquid injection valve 20, a water adding valve 21, a cooler 22, a water return valve 23, a water return pipe 24, a mixed flow pipe 25, purifying liquid 26 and vaporized liquid 27, characterized in that the iron powder box 1 is internally provided with the iron powder 2, the upper end of the feeding pipe 4 is connected with the discharge port of the iron powder box 1, the lower end is connected with the feeding port of the reaction pipe 6, and the middle part is provided with the electric valve 3, the reaction pipe 6 is internally provided with the electric heating rod 5, the outer surface is provided with the heat preservation layer 8, and a plurality of electromagnets 7 are arranged, the lower end is connected with the upper outlet of the recovery tank 10, and the left lower part is fixed on the rack 9, the lower end of the recovery tank 10 is provided with the recovery valve 11, the upper part is provided with the water injection valve 12, the upper end of the hydrogen pipe 13 is connected with the outlet of the cooler 22, the lower end is arranged in the lower part of the purifier 19, the hydrogen supply valve 15 is arranged at the lower part of the pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank 16, the upper end of the hydrogen delivery pipe 18 is connected with the outlet of the purifier 19, the lower end is connected with the inlet of the pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank 6, and the middle part is provided with the booster pump 17, the lower part of the purifier 19 is provided with the liquid discharge valve 14, the upper part is provided with the liquid injection valve 20, and the purifying liquid 26 is internally arranged, the upper part of the cooler 22 is provided with the water adding valve 21, the lower end of the mixed flow pipe 25 is connected with the gas outlet of the reaction pipe 6, the upper end is connected with the inlet of the cooler 22, the upper end of the water return pipe 24 is connected with the water return port of the cooler 22, the lower end is connected with the guide pipe of the water injection valve 12, the middle part is provided with the water return valve 23, and the vaporized liquid 27 is arranged in the recovery tank 10. 28 is the reaction product, i.e., ferroferric oxide, which can be further processed to increase the sales price and benefits.

[0012] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 2 The schematic structure diagram of the electric valve of the present application comprises an electric motor 3-1, a semi-hole spherical body 3-2 and a valve body 3-3, characterized in that the semi-hole spherical body 3-2 is arranged in the valve body 3-3 and connected with the output shaft of the electric motor 3-1.

[0013] The present application has reliable principles, feasible technology, sufficient and inexpensive raw materials, simple equipment, low cost, random hydrogen production, can replace diesel and gasoline for vehicles and ships, the power cost is about one third of that of diesel, zero emission, convenient to use, and has a large market and a long time.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted iron powder hydrogen production device, comprising: The iron powder box (1), iron powder (2), electric valve (3), feed pipe (4), electric heating rod (5), reaction tube (6), electromagnet (7), thermal insulation layer (8), frame (9), recovery tank (10), recovery valve (11), water injection valve (12), hydrogen pipe (13), liquid discharge valve (14), hydrogen supply valve (15), pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank (16), booster pump (17), hydrogen delivery pipe (18), purifier (19), liquid injection valve (20), water addition valve (21), cooler (22), water return valve (23), water return pipe (24), mixing pipe (25), purification liquid (26) and vaporized liquid (27) are composed, characterized in that: the iron powder box (1) is provided with iron powder (2), the upper end of the feed pipe (4) is connected with the discharge port of the iron powder box (1), the lower end is connected with the inlet of the reaction tube (6), and the middle part is provided with the electric valve (3), the reaction tube (6) is provided with the electric heating rod (5) inside, the outer surface is provided with the thermal insulation layer (8) and a plurality of electromagnets (7), the lower end is connected with the upper inlet of the recovery tank (10), the left lower part is fixed on the frame (9), the lower end of the recovery tank (10) is provided with the recovery valve (11), the upper part is provided with the water injection valve (12), the upper end of the hydrogen pipe (13) is connected with the outlet of the cooler (22), the lower end is arranged in the lower part of the purifier (19), the hydrogen supply valve (15) is arranged on the lower part of the pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank (16), the upper end of the hydrogen delivery pipe (18) is connected with the outlet of the purifier (19), the lower end is connected with the inlet of the pressure stabilizing hydrogen storage tank (16), the middle part is provided with the booster pump (17), the lower part of the purifier (19) is provided with the liquid discharge valve (14), the upper part is provided with the liquid injection valve (20), the purifier (19) is provided with the purification liquid (26), the upper part of the cooler (22) is provided with the water addition valve (21), the lower end of the mixing pipe (25) is connected with the gas outlet of the reaction tube (6), the upper end is connected with the inlet of the cooler (22), the upper end of the water return pipe (24) is connected with the water return port of the cooler (22), the lower end is connected with the guide pipe of the water injection valve (12), the middle part is provided with the water return valve (23), and the vaporized liquid (27) is arranged in the recovery tank (10).

2. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The electromagnet (7) attracts the iron powder (2).

3. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The iron powder (2) is made of scrap iron into 10-400 mesh powder.

4. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The electric valve (3) is composed of an electric motor (3-1), a half-hole ball (3-2) and a valve body (3-3), characterized in that: the half-hole ball (3-2) is arranged in the valve body (3-3) and connected with the output shaft of the electric motor (3-1).

5. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The electric heating rod (5) is made of silicon nitride and tungsten.

6. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The reaction tube (6) is made of one of quartz or ceramic materials, and is externally provided with a thermal insulation layer.

7. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The purification liquid (26) is a solution composed of 2-6% sodium hydroxide and water.

8. The hydrogen generation apparatus for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The vaporized liquid (27) is deionized water.

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