High-temperature purification device for gaseous tin compound waste gas in tin bath

Abstract

The invention provides a tin bath gaseous tin compound waste gas high-temperature purification device, which belongs to the technical field of tin bath waste gas purification, and comprises a high-temperature collection assembly, a tin vapor condensation recovery assembly, a composite solid adsorption assembly and a waste gas monitoring and discharging assembly which are connected in sequence, the composite solid adsorption assembly comprises a first-stage adsorber and a second-stage adsorber which are sequentially arranged in the waste gas flowing direction. Aiming at the characteristics of tin steam, tin oxide and tin sulfide, the high-temperature purification device for the gaseous tin compound waste gas in the tin bath adopts a purification sequence of condensing and recovering tin oxide, then removing tin sulfide through NaOH and finally removing tin sulfide, a purification system is reasonably arranged, the efficient and stable operation of the purification system is ensured, meanwhile, ceramic balls are used as carriers of NaOH, and the high-temperature purification device for the gaseous tin compound waste gas in the tin bath is realized. The stability of the purification process is further improved, leakage of waste gas and loss of heat are effectively reduced in the adsorption core replacement process in combination with an automatic isolation structure, and the stability and reliability of long-term operation of the purification system are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tin bath exhaust gas purification technology, specifically a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin compounds in tin baths. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial processes such as float glass production and tin smelting, tin baths continuously generate large amounts of high-temperature waste gas containing gaseous tin compounds such as gaseous tin, tin oxide, and tin sulfide. If this waste gas is discharged directly without effective treatment, it will not only seriously pollute the environment and endanger human health, but also lead to the waste of tin resources.

[0003] Currently, there are two main technical approaches for treating high-temperature exhaust gas from tin baths, but both have significant limitations: 1. Liquid Absorption Method: This method involves directly introducing high-temperature waste gas into a liquid absorbent or using a spray tower for washing and purification. However, when dealing with high-temperature waste gas generated in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of a tin bath (typically 1000-1200℃, with pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure), its drawbacks become apparent. Contact between the high-temperature waste gas and the liquid absorbent easily leads to evaporation and decomposition of the absorbent, significantly reducing its absorption efficiency and directly impacting the purification effect and the stability of the purification system. Furthermore, this method generates a large amount of tin-containing waste liquid or sludge, which is difficult to treat subsequently and results in low tin resource recovery efficiency.

[0004] 2. Solidification dust removal: First, gaseous tin compounds are converted into solid tin dioxide dust through high-temperature combustion and other methods. Then, the exhaust gas is cooled, and the dust is collected using equipment such as bag filters. Although this method can recover dry tin ash, the overall system usually requires multiple independent devices such as combustion furnace, cooling device, and dust removal device. The overall system structure is complex, occupies a large area, and is easily affected by factors such as incomplete combustion, which reduces the overall system purification efficiency and the stability of continuous purification.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can continuously, stably, and efficiently purify tin bath exhaust gas in high-temperature environments, while also efficiently recovering tin resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath, comprising a high-temperature collection component, a tin vapor condensation and recovery component, a composite solid adsorption component, and a waste gas monitoring and emission component connected in sequence. The high-temperature collection component collects the high-temperature waste gas from the tin bath and passes it through the subsequent components sequentially. The tin vapor condensation and recovery component condenses the tin vapor in the waste gas into liquid tin and collects it. The composite solid adsorption component includes a primary adsorbent and a secondary adsorbent arranged sequentially along the waste gas flow direction. Both the primary and secondary adsorbents include adsorption chambers, each containing several adsorption cores. The adsorption cores are distributed sequentially along the waste gas flow direction and form several series connections. The adsorption unit comprises two adsorption chambers. The adsorption core of the first-stage adsorbent contains an adsorbent for removing tin oxide, which is a ceramic ball loaded with NaOH. The adsorption core of the second-stage adsorbent contains an adsorbent for removing tin sulfide. The exhaust gas monitoring and emission components are used to detect the composition or concentration of the exhaust gas and can send a signal to replace the adsorbent when the detected value exceeds a preset threshold. The adsorption cores are all installed independently by inserting and removing them. The adsorption chamber has an automatic isolation structure. As the adsorption core is removed, the automatic isolation structure automatically forms an isolation zone in the adsorption chamber, preventing the exhaust gas in the adsorption chamber from leaking out with the removed adsorption core, while forming a new exhaust gas flow path.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the adsorbent in the secondary adsorber is a MnO2 / γ-Al2O3 composite catalyst.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the ceramic spheres have a porosity greater than 40% and a NaOH loading of 20%.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the tin vapor condensation and recovery assembly includes a condensation chamber with a collection tank at the bottom. Several condensation plates are arranged inside the condensation chamber, which are evenly distributed along the direction of exhaust gas transport and are inclined. An insulated tin can is connected to the collection tank to collect molten tin and maintain a certain temperature to prevent the molten tin from solidifying.

[0010] In one possible implementation, cooling molten salt is introduced into the condenser plate to control its temperature.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the collecting tank is lined with graphite and the bottom of the collecting tank is inclined, so that the molten tin flows into the tin pot under gravity.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the high-temperature collection assembly includes a high-temperature resistant collection hood and a high-temperature resistant fan. The collection hood has a trumpet-shaped structure and its opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the tin bath exhaust port. A high-temperature resistant guide cone is provided inside the collection hood. The guide cone is concentrically arranged with the collection hood to form an annular guide channel. The inlet of the fan is located above the guide cone, and the fan is used to absorb the waste gas in the tin bath into the collection hood.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the automatic isolation structure includes isolation plates disposed on both sides of each adsorption core. The isolation plates have a first port and a second port. A groove is disposed between the isolation plates on both sides of the adsorption core. The adsorption core is inserted into the groove. The groove has a docking port corresponding to the second port. The groove is elastically slidable in the adsorption core extraction direction. When the adsorption core is removed, the groove moves with the adsorption core under the action of elastic force until the docking port and the second port are misaligned and closed, and then the movement stops. At this time, the groove forms an isolation zone in the adsorption chamber, and the groove releases the blockage of the first port, which is in an open state and allows exhaust gas to flow.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the adsorption core is provided with a limiting structure. When the adsorption core is extracted to a preset position, it does not completely detach from the adsorption chamber. Under the limiting structure, the tank is stably positioned so that the docking port is offset from and closed by the limiting structure.

[0015] In one possible implementation, high-temperature resistant filters are provided at the inlet of both the primary and secondary adsorbers.

[0016] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath is provided. First, a high-temperature collection component stably collects the high-temperature waste gas from the tin bath. Then, based on the characteristic that tin vapor condenses significantly below 600°C, a tin vapor condensation and recovery component liquefies and collects the tin vapor, efficiently and conveniently separating the high-value metallic tin from the waste gas. Next, a composite solid-state adsorption component sequentially removes tin oxide and tin sulfide from the waste gas. Considering the characteristics of tin vapor, tin oxide, and tin sulfide, the purification system is rationally arranged with the following sequence: first, tin oxide is condensed and recovered; then, tin sulfide is removed using NaOH; and finally, tin sulfide is removed. This rational arrangement of the purification system ensures efficient and stable operation, and the entire process does not generate tin-containing waste liquid or sludge, effectively improving the efficiency of tin resource recovery. Simultaneously, ceramic balls are used as a carrier for NaOH, further improving the stability of the purification process. Combined with an automatic isolation structure during adsorption core replacement, the leakage of waste gas and heat loss are effectively reduced, further improving the long-term stability and reliability of the purification system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection status of the high-temperature collection component, tin vapor condensation and recovery component, composite solid adsorption component, and waste gas monitoring and emission component of a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin compounds in a tin bath provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank and the isolation plate of a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas in a tin bath, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first inlet, the second inlet, and the docking inlet of a high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas in a tin bath, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Adsorption chamber; 2. Adsorption core; 3. Condensation chamber; 4. Collection tank; 5. Condensation plate; 6. Tin can; 7. Collection cover; 8. Guide cone; 9. Fan; 10. Isolation plate; 11. First port; 12. Second port; 13. Tank body; 14. Docking port; 15. Limiting structure; 16. Filter; 17. Primary cooling assembly; 18. Elastic element; 19. Limiting eaves; 20. Exhaust gas detector; 21. Exhaust chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described below, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-4 A high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath includes a high-temperature collection component, a tin vapor condensation and recovery component, a composite solid adsorption component, and a waste gas monitoring and emission component, connected sequentially from right to left. Each component is installed in a horizontal series structure, closely attached to the top of the tin bath. The waste gas passes through the aforementioned components sequentially from right to left to complete the purification process. The entire waste gas purification process is as follows: The system utilizes a high-temperature collection component to collect waste gas from the tin bath and directs it from right to left, passing it sequentially through a tin vapor condensation and recovery component, a composite solid-state adsorption component, and a waste gas monitoring and emission component. The tin vapor condensation and recovery component leverages the significant condensation characteristic of tin vapor below 600℃ to liquefy and recover the tin vapor, preferentially separating high-value metallic tin from the waste gas, thus completing the initial purification. The composite solid-state adsorption component sequentially removes tin oxide and tin sulfide from the waste gas, ensuring their thorough separation and further purification. The waste gas monitoring and emission component monitors the purified gas. When the detected value exceeds a preset threshold, it signals the replacement of the adsorbent in the composite solid-state adsorption component. The adsorbent is replaced promptly without system shutdown, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the entire purification system. When the detected value meets the preset threshold, the purified gas can be reintroduced into the tin bath, achieving heat recycling and further improving resource utilization.

[0024] The overall solution employs a purification and recovery technology route of "high-temperature capture - cascade conversion - fixed adsorption". This scheme, tailored to the characteristics of tin vapor, tin oxide, and tin sulfide, rationally arranges the purification system to efficiently and stably purify waste gas under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the tin bath, and efficiently separates the high-value metallic tin fraction. The entire process does not generate tin-containing waste liquid or sludge, effectively improving the recovery rate of tin resources. The specific principles and processes are as follows: High-temperature collection components (see) Figure 1 ): Including a funnel-shaped, high-temperature resistant collection hood 7 (such as Figure 1 (As shown) and a high-temperature resistant fan 9. The collection hood 7 is made of stainless steel or nickel alloy, and its opening diameter is 30% larger than the diameter of the tin bath exhaust port to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate and smoothly capture the exhaust gas. The collection hood 7 is sealed to the tin bath exhaust port (not shown in the figure) through a high-temperature resistant metal bellows and graphite packing, and can withstand a high temperature of 1300℃. A high-temperature resistant guide cone 8 is fixedly installed inside the collection hood 7 by a bracket. The guide cone 8 is made of ceramic material and is coaxially arranged with the collection hood 7, forming an annular guide channel between the two. The inlet of the fan 9 is located directly above the guide cone 8. This structure uses the guide cone 8 to block the exhaust gas flow from directly rushing straight towards the inlet of the fan 9, and to make the exhaust gas flow evenly through the guide channel, so that the suction force of the opening section of the collection hood 7 is more uniform and stable. While efficiently capturing exhaust gas, it does not disrupt the pressure balance inside the tin bath, and effectively avoids the infiltration of outside air into the tin bath, which would lead to accelerated tin oxidation.

[0025] Tin vapor condensation and recovery unit (see) Figure 1The system includes a condensation chamber 3 with a collection tank 4 at the bottom. The condensation chamber 3 has a rectangular structure with circular docking ports at both ends. The right port of the condensation chamber 3 is sealed to the collection hood 7 via a high-temperature resistant connecting pipe. Several condensation plates 5 are installed inside the condensation chamber 3. These plates are made of 99% alumina ceramic, are high-temperature resistant, and do not react with tin. The condensation plates 5 are arranged from right to left at a spacing of 10cm and an angle of 45°, positioned above the collection tank 4. Molten salt from the same system circulates inside the condensation plates 5, and the temperature is controlled between 300-400℃ by an external PID temperature control system. This temperature is higher than the melting point of tin (232℃) but lower than the temperature at which tin vapor condenses in large quantities (600℃). This temperature is beneficial for the liquefaction and collection of tin vapor in the waste gas, while also preventing the tin from solidifying due to excessively low temperatures. It also effectively prevents the waste gas temperature from affecting subsequent purification treatment. When the waste gas passes through the condensation plates 5, the tin vapor within it liquefies upon contact with the condensation plates 5 and flows along the condensation plates 5 into the collection tank 4. It should be noted that, at the temperature inside the condensation chamber 3, although tin oxide and tin sulfide exist in the form of solid dust, for micron-sized dust, the drag force generated by the airflow plays a dominant role. This drag is sufficient to overcome the dust's own gravity and inertia, ensuring that the vast majority of dust is carried by the airflow and passes directly through the condensation chamber 3, preventing it from contacting the condensation plate 5. Even if a small amount of dust does come into contact with the condensation plate 5, it will be washed away, captured, and carried away by the continuously flowing downward liquid film composed of condensed liquid tin on the condensation plate 5. This achieves continuous surface cleaning and ensures the stability of the purification system's operation.

[0026] To ensure that the exhaust gas can be rapidly cooled to below 600°C before entering the condenser chamber 3, a primary cooling assembly 17 is installed in the connecting pipe between the collection hood 7 and the condenser chamber 3. The primary cooling assembly 17 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with the inner tube being a corundum ceramic tube and the outer tube being stainless steel. A mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite molten salt is introduced into the jacket.

[0027] The bottom of the collection tank 4 has an outlet, to which a heat-insulating tin can 6 with an electrically heated jacket is detachably and fixedly connected. The temperature of the tin can 6 is maintained at 250-300℃ to prevent the molten solder from solidifying and clogging the inlet of the tin can 6, thus affecting the collection of molten solder. The bottom of the collection tank 4 is lined with graphite, and the bottom surface is inclined towards the outlet. Combined with the lubricating and non-adhesive properties of graphite, the molten solder can flow smoothly into the tin can 6 under the action of gravity.

[0028] Composite solid adsorption components (see) Figure 1 The adsorbent consists of a primary adsorbent and a secondary adsorbent arranged sequentially from right to left. Both the primary and secondary adsorbents include an adsorption chamber 1, with circular docking ports at both ends. The right port of adsorption chamber 1 in the primary adsorbent is sealed to the left port of the condensation chamber 3, and the left port of adsorption chamber 1 in the primary adsorbent is sealed to the right port of adsorption chamber 1 in the secondary adsorbent.

[0029] Each adsorption chamber 1 contains three sets of adsorption cores 2, arranged sequentially from right to left to form several adsorption units connected in series. The adsorption cores 2 are all installed using an independent, removable type for easy and quick removal and replacement of the adsorbent. Specifically, the adsorption cores 2 of the first-stage adsorbent contain adsorbent for removing tin oxide, while the adsorption cores 2 of the second-stage adsorbent contain adsorbent for removing tin sulfide. The adsorbent for removing tin oxide is a high-temperature resistant ceramic ball loaded with NaOH (sodium hydroxide), with a diameter of 5-8 mm, a porosity greater than 40%, and a NaOH loading of 20%. The NaOH can be bonded to the high-temperature resistant ceramic ball using alkali-resistant binders such as sodium silicate and epoxy resin. By using the high-temperature resistant ceramic ball as a carrier and limiting its porosity and NaOH loading, the adsorbent can effectively remove tin oxide from the waste gas at relatively high temperatures. Since the melting point of NaOH is approximately 318℃, when the waste gas temperature is higher than the melting point of NaOH, NaOH will be in a molten state. Using the ceramic ball as a carrier, the capillary force and surface tension of the material are utilized to stably adhere the molten NaOH to the surface and pores of the ceramic ball, preventing its loss. Furthermore, the molten NaOH has extremely high reactivity and reacts with the tin oxide in the waste gas at temperatures ranging from 350-500℃, thereby removing the tin oxide. The adsorbent for removing tin sulfide is a MnO2 (manganese dioxide) / γ-Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) composite catalyst, with γ-Al2O3 as the support and MnO2 loading at 15%. At 300-400℃, this catalyst can effectively oxidize and decompose tin sulfide in waste gas into solid stannate and sulfate. The generated SO2 can be adsorbed by residual NaOH and converted into Na2SO3. The preparation method of the MnO2 / γ-Al2O3 composite catalyst involves dispersing the γ-Al2O3 support in a manganese salt solution (e.g., manganese nitrate or manganese acetate), adjusting the pH to 8.5-9.5 by adding a precipitant (e.g., ammonia or sodium carbonate), so that MnO2... 2+ Mn(OH)2 or MnCO3 precipitates are generated in situ on the surface of the carrier, and then converted into MnO2 by calcination.

[0030] Temperature control instructions: The temperature range required for each purification stage of this invention is relatively large. Using existing technical means, the temperature can be easily controlled within the required range by calculating heat loss. Specifically: the temperature of the tin vapor purification stage needs to be reduced to below 600℃; the temperature of the tin oxide purification stage should be between 350-500℃; and the temperature of the tin sulfide purification stage should be between 300-400℃.

[0031] The adsorption chamber 1 is equipped with a ceramic filter 16 at its inlet. The ceramic filter 16 has a pore size of 50 μm and is used to intercept dust particles larger than the ones that may be carried (i.e., particles larger than 50 μm) to protect the stability of the subsequent adsorption and purification process. The ceramic filter 16 can be replaced without stopping the system or has its own cleaning system (such as pulse cleaning) to ensure the continuous stability of the purification system.

[0032] To reduce heat loss and exhaust gas leakage during the replacement of adsorption element 2, and to improve the long-term stability and reliability of the purification system, an automatic isolation structure is installed inside adsorption chamber 1 (see...). Figure 1-4 ): Including the isolation plates 10 set on the left and right sides of each adsorption core 2 (e.g. Figure 2 As shown), the isolation plate 10 is sealed to the adsorption chamber 1 where the corresponding adsorption core 2 is located, both at the top, bottom, front, and back. The isolation plate 10 has a first opening 11 and several second openings 12 (as shown). Figure 4 As shown), the first opening 11 is located at the bottom of the isolation plate 10. A groove 13 is provided between the two isolation plates 10 on both sides of the adsorption core 2. The left and right sides of the groove 13 are respectively attached to the corresponding isolation plates 10. The adsorption core 2 is inserted into the groove 13 from top to bottom through the adsorption chamber 1. The groove 13 has a docking opening 14 that corresponds one-to-one with the second opening 12 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown), the groove 13 achieves elastic sliding in the insertion / removal direction of the adsorption core 2 through the elastic element 18 provided at the bottom. Figure 2 As shown, the elastic element 18 includes a high-temperature resistant sliding seat fixed to the bottom of the adsorption chamber 1. A sliding rod is vertically slidably inserted into the sliding seat, and a high-temperature resistant spring (not shown in the figure) is connected between the sliding rod and the sliding seat.

[0033] As the adsorption core 2 is pulled upwards, the tank 13 moves upwards under the action of elastic force until the connecting port 14 on the tank 13 is completely misaligned with the corresponding first port 11, and is closed under the sealing of the isolation plate 10. At this time, the top of the tank 13 just abuts against the top of the adsorption chamber 1 and stops moving upwards. The tank 13 forms a closed isolation zone in the adsorption chamber 1, effectively preventing the exhaust gas in the adsorption chamber 1 from leaking out as the adsorption core 2 is pulled out, and effectively reducing heat loss. The second port 12, which was originally closed under the sealing of the tank 13, is open after the tank 13 moves upwards, forming a new exhaust gas flow path. This design can isolate the adsorption core 2, which is to be replaced with adsorbent, without stopping the machine or adding valves, effectively preventing exhaust gas from leaking out and heat loss.

[0034] When the adsorption core 2 is inserted, it is first inserted downwards until it abuts against the bottom of the tank 13. Then it continues to move downwards, and the tank 13 moves downwards and resets until the connecting port 14 aligns with the corresponding first port 11 and opens. At this point, the second port 12 closes under the sealing of the tank 13. For most of the insertion process, the first port 11 remains closed, preventing exhaust gas from leaking out during the insertion and installation of the adsorption core 2, thus further improving the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0035] Among them, the bottom of the adsorption core 2 is provided with a limiting structure 15 (such as... Figure 4 As shown), a limiting eave 19 is provided at the opening of the tank 13. When the adsorption core 2 is pulled upward to the position for replacing the adsorbent, its bottom is still inside the adsorption chamber 1. At this time, the limiting structure 15 at the bottom of the adsorption core 2 limits the upper limiting eave 19 of the tank 13, so that the tank 13 is stably positioned so that the docking port 14 is offset from and closed to the first port 11.

[0036] Exhaust gas monitoring and emission components (see) Figure 1 This includes an exhaust gas detector 20 and an exhaust chamber 21. The exhaust gas detector 20 is used to detect the concentration of tin compounds and sulfur dioxide in the purified gas. When the tin compound concentration is greater than 0.5 mg / m³... 3 An automatic alarm will sound to prompt the replacement of the adsorbent at a certain concentration per cubic meter. Specifically, the exhaust gas detector 20 includes a tin oxide sensor, a sulfur dioxide sensor, a processor, a power supply, a buzzer, and LED indicators. When the processor receives tin oxide concentration data exceeding 0.5 mg / m³, an alarm will sound to prompt the replacement of the adsorbent. 3 When the preset threshold is reached, the adsorbent is considered saturated, triggering a buzzer and a flashing red LED indicator, clearly signaling the need to replace the adsorbent. At this point, the purified gas can be directly discharged. Although the tin oxide concentration exceeds 0.5 mg, it is far below the national emission standards, allowing for direct discharge during the adsorbent replacement period. To address potential SO2 concentration exceedances, a sulfur dioxide processor (such as a desulfurization tower) can be installed before discharge to treat SO2 and prevent air pollution. When the detected value remains below the preset threshold, indicating that gas purification meets standards, the purified high-temperature gas can be returned to the tin bath via a return pipe connected to the outlet of exhaust chamber 21 (equipped with a check valve and a high-temperature resistant fan), achieving heat recycling and improving the overall system's resource utilization rate.

[0037] Specific applications of this invention: Application Scenario: The purification device of this invention is installed on the tin bath of a float glass production line. The tin bath operates at a temperature of 1100-1200℃ and a pressure of 30-50 Pa (gauge pressure). The gas contains tin vapor (approximately 0.001 mmHg), tin oxide (approximately 1 mmHg), and tin sulfide (SnS / SnS2, totaling approximately 100 mmHg). The processing air volume is 1500 m³ / h. 3 / h.

[0038] Device configuration: High temperature collection components: Collection hood 7 with a diameter of 1.2m, guide cone 8 made of Al2O3 ceramic material, and fan 9 with a power of 5.5KW.

[0039] Tin vapor condensation and recovery module: The condenser plate 5 measures 1.5m × 0.8m, and the temperature of the cooling molten salt inside is controlled at 350℃. The collection tank 4 has a volume of 1.0m³. 3 The temperature of tin can 6 is maintained at 280℃, and about 10kg of tin is recycled per day.

[0040] Composite solid adsorption components: Primary adsorber (1.0m diameter × 3.0m): filled with ceramic balls (6mm diameter, 45% porosity) loaded with 20% sodium hydroxide, with a packing volume of 1.8m³. 3 .

[0041] Secondary adsorber (diameter 1.0m × 3.0m): filled with 1.8m of MnO2 / γ-Al2O3 (MnO2 loading 15%) composite catalyst. 3 The reaction temperature is 350℃.

[0042] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or a sliding connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath, characterized in that: It includes a high-temperature collection component, a tin vapor condensation and recovery component, a composite solid adsorption component, and a waste gas monitoring and emission component connected in sequence. The high-temperature collection component is used to collect the high-temperature waste gas in the tin bath and allow the waste gas to pass through subsequent components in sequence; The tin vapor condensation and recovery unit is used to condense tin vapor in waste gas into liquid tin and collect it; The composite solid adsorption component includes a primary adsorber and a secondary adsorber arranged sequentially along the direction of exhaust gas flow. Both the primary and secondary adsorbers include an adsorption chamber, and each adsorption chamber is provided with several adsorption cores. The adsorption cores are distributed sequentially along the direction of exhaust gas flow and form several adsorption units connected in series. The adsorption core of the first-stage adsorbent contains an adsorbent for removing tin oxide, which is a ceramic ball loaded with NaOH; the adsorption core of the second-stage adsorbent contains an adsorbent for removing tin sulfide. The exhaust gas monitoring and emission component is used to detect the composition or concentration of the exhaust gas and can send a signal to replace the adsorbent when the detected value exceeds a preset threshold. All adsorption cores are installed independently by a snap-in method. The adsorption chamber has an automatic isolation structure. As the adsorption core is extracted, the automatic isolation structure automatically forms an isolation zone in the adsorption chamber, preventing the exhaust gas in the adsorption chamber from leaking out with the extracted adsorption core, while forming a new exhaust gas flow path.

2. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorbent in the secondary adsorber is a MnO2 / γ-Al2O3 composite catalyst.

3. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic spheres have a porosity greater than 40% and a NaOH loading of 20%.

4. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tin vapor condensation and recovery assembly includes a condensation chamber with a collection tank at the bottom. Several condensation plates are installed inside the condensation chamber, which are evenly distributed along the direction of exhaust gas transport and are inclined. An insulated tin can is connected to the collection tank to collect molten tin and maintain a certain temperature to prevent the molten tin from solidifying.

5. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 4, characterized in that: Cooling molten salt is introduced into the condenser plate to control its temperature.

6. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting tank is lined with graphite and the bottom of the collecting tank 4 is inclined, so that the molten tin flows into the tin pot under gravity.

7. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature collection assembly includes a high-temperature resistant collection hood and a high-temperature resistant fan. The collection hood has a trumpet-shaped structure and its opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the tin bath exhaust port. A high-temperature resistant guide cone is installed inside the collection hood. The guide cone is concentrically arranged with the collection hood to form an annular guide channel. The fan inlet is located above the guide cone and the fan is used to absorb the waste gas in the tin bath into the collection hood.

8. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic isolation structure includes isolation plates on both sides of each adsorption core. The isolation plates have a first port and a second port. A groove is provided between the isolation plates on both sides of the adsorption core. The adsorption core is inserted into the groove. The groove has a docking port corresponding to the second port. The groove is elastically slidable in the direction of adsorption core extraction. When the adsorption core is removed, the groove moves with the adsorption core under the action of elastic force until the docking port and the second port are misaligned and closed, and then it stops moving. At this time, the groove forms an isolation zone in the adsorption chamber, and the groove releases the blockage of the first port, which is in the open state and allows the exhaust gas to flow.

9. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adsorption core is provided with a limiting structure. When the adsorption core is extracted to the preset position, it does not completely detach from the adsorption chamber. Under the limitation of the limiting structure, the tank is stably in a position that makes the docking port and the first port misaligned and closed.

10. The high-temperature purification device for gaseous tin oxide waste gas from a tin bath according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the primary and secondary adsorbers are equipped with high-temperature resistant filters at their inlets.

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