Supporting device for hard rock roadway

Abstract

The invention discloses a supporting device for a hard rock roadway, and relates to the technical field of roadway mining supporting, the supporting device comprises a support body, telescopic supporting legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support body, supporting leg protection mechanisms are arranged at the bottom ends of the telescopic supporting legs and used for enabling the supporting leg protection mechanisms to be evenly stressed when the supporting leg protection mechanisms make contact with the ground, and each supporting leg protection mechanism comprises a plurality of installation sleeves; and each mounting sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the adjacent telescopic supporting leg. The technical means that the adjusting part and the auxiliary assembly are matched is adopted, when a protruding ground condition is met, according to the size of the protrusion, part of the adjusting part is influenced by the protruding part to slide upwards, other uninfluenced parts continue to conduct auxiliary supporting work, and therefore the situation that when the telescopic supporting leg is used, when the bottom end makes contact with the hard protruding part, the telescopic supporting leg is damaged is effectively avoided. The problem that the support and the telescopic supporting leg are inclined due to local stress is solved, the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the service life of the telescopic supporting leg is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel mining support technology, specifically a support device for hard rock tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Hard rock tunnels refer to underground passages or tunnels carved out of hard, intact, and high-strength rock strata. During mining, temporary support devices are used to support the mining area in order to prevent loose rock blocks from falling and to inhibit the separation and damage of shallow rock masses.

[0003] When the existing temporary support device is in use, the support device is divided into a front frame and a rear frame. Both the front frame and the rear frame are equipped with telescopic outriggers at the bottom. When in use, the temporary support work of the tunneling route is completed by the alternating extension and retraction of the telescopic outriggers and the alternating sliding of the front frame and the rear frame.

[0004] While the aforementioned support devices for hard rock tunnels can effectively provide temporary support for the mining area, during the mining process, mechanical tracks or buckets can scrape, crush, and break the floor rock, leaving grooves and broken rock fragments. This inevitably results in uneven ground after mining. Furthermore, due to the hardness of the geology in hard rock tunnels, when the support legs move to protruding parts, the hard and protruding parts are difficult to flatten by the pressure generated by the support legs, leading to uneven stress on the support legs. This not only affects the support effect of the support device but also causes the support legs to tilt due to uneven stress, thus shortening the service life of the support legs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a support device for hard rock tunnels to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a support device for hard rock tunnels, comprising a support body, a telescopic outrigger fixedly installed at the bottom of the support body, and a outrigger protection mechanism provided at the bottom end of the telescopic outrigger to ensure uniform force distribution when the outrigger protection mechanism contacts the ground. The outrigger protection mechanism includes multiple mounting sleeves, each mounting sleeve being fixedly connected to the bottom end of an adjacent telescopic outrigger, with the opening of the mounting sleeve facing the ground. A partition fixing plate is fixedly connected inside the mounting sleeve, and multiple adjusting components are slidably connected to the partition fixing plate. A connecting plate is slidably connected inside the mounting sleeve, and the connecting plate contacts the top end of the adjusting component. A return spring is fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the mounting sleeve. The outrigger protection mechanism includes an auxiliary component. When any one of the adjusting components contacts a protrusion on the ground, it slides upward. When the adjusting component slides upward, it triggers the auxiliary component by cooperating with the connecting plate. When the auxiliary component is triggered, it provides auxiliary fixation for other adjusting components that have not slid.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes an inflatable airbag, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the mounting sleeve. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inflatable airbag, and the connecting pipe passes through a connecting plate. Multiple mounting ring grooves are provided on the partition fixing plate. An annular airbag is fixedly connected in each mounting ring groove, and multiple limiting blocks are slidably connected in each mounting ring groove. Each limiting block passes through the mounting ring groove. The multiple annular airbags are interconnected through the connecting pipe. The inflatable airbag is connected to the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected to any one of the annular airbags. When the inflatable airbag is compressed, it expands due to its cooperation with the connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the outer surface of the adjusting member has a number of slots equal to the number of limiting blocks. When the annular airbag inflates, the adjusting member that has not slid is limited by the cooperation of the limiting blocks and the slots.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting block is inclined, and the height of the end of the limiting block near the slot is greater than the height of the other end.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting block is arc-shaped at the end near the annular airbag to reduce the stress between it and the annular airbag when the annular airbag inflates.

[0011] Preferably, when the adjusting member is not sliding, its bottom is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the mounting sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the adjusting member is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting pipe is a corrugated pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the outrigger protection mechanism further includes a cleaning component for cleaning the bottom of the adjusting member. The outrigger protection mechanism includes a guide slider, which is slidably connected inside the adjusting member. A compression spring is fixedly connected between the guide slider and the adjusting member. Multiple sliding top posts are fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide slider, and each sliding top post is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting member, and the sliding top post penetrates through the bottom of the adjusting member.

[0015] Preferably, when the sliding top column is not sliding, its bottom horizontal plane is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the adjusting member.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a support device for hard rock tunnels, which has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This invention employs a combination of adjusting components and auxiliary parts. When encountering raised terrain, depending on the size of the raised area, some adjusting components slide upwards due to the influence of the raised portion, while other unaffected parts continue to provide auxiliary support. This effectively avoids the problem of localized stress and tilting when the bottom of the telescopic outrigger contacts a hard raised portion, which affects support and causes the telescopic outrigger to tilt. This overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and extends the service life of the telescopic outrigger.

[0018] 2. This invention, through the setting of multiple adjustment components and the cooperation of auxiliary components, allows the number of sliding adjustment components to be adjusted according to the size of the protrusion, thereby improving its applicability. At the same time, after some adjustment components are lifted, the protrusion will be inserted into the mounting sleeve, and the unslidable adjustment components and the mounting sleeve will have a covering effect on the protrusion, thereby producing an adaptive fit and covering, and improving the fixing effect of the adjustment components when supported.

[0019] 3. By sliding the top column up and down, the bottom of the adjusting component can float up and down, which effectively prevents impurities from adhering to the bottom of the adjusting component, improves the support effect of the adjusting component, and also effectively prevents the problem that the limiting block cannot be inserted into the slot due to the thickening of the bottom of the adjusting component by impurities, thus improving the stability of the outrigger protection mechanism during use. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting sleeve of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the partition fixing plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting block and the annular airbag of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the adjusting component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting component of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 100. Support body; 101. Telescopic outriggers;

[0029] 200. Outrigger protection mechanism; 201. Mounting sleeve; 202. Partition fixing plate; 203. Adjusting component; 204. Connecting plate; 205. Return spring; 206. Inflatable airbag; 207. Connecting pipe; 208. Mounting ring groove; 209. Annular airbag; 210. Limiting block; 211. Slot;

[0030] 221. Guide slider; 222. Compression spring; 223. Sliding top column. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, some features described in the examples may be combined in other examples.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a support device for hard rock roadways, including a support body 100. A telescopic outrigger 101 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support body 100. An outrigger protection mechanism 200 is provided at the bottom end of the telescopic outrigger 101 to ensure uniform force distribution when the outrigger protection mechanism 200 contacts the ground. The outrigger protection mechanism 200 includes multiple mounting sleeves 201, each mounting sleeve 201 being fixedly connected to the bottom end of an adjacent telescopic outrigger 101, with the opening of the mounting sleeve 201 facing the ground. A partition plate 202 is fixedly connected inside the mounting sleeve 201 to separate... Multiple adjusting components 203 are slidably connected to the fixed plate 202. A connecting plate 204 is slidably connected inside the mounting sleeve 201. The connecting plate 204 contacts the top of the adjusting component 203. A return spring 205 is fixedly connected between the connecting plate 204 and the mounting sleeve 201. The outrigger protection mechanism 200 includes an auxiliary component. When any adjusting component 203 contacts the ground protrusion, it slides upward. When the adjusting component 203 slides upward, it triggers the auxiliary component by cooperating with the connecting plate 204. When the auxiliary component is triggered, it provides auxiliary fixation for other adjusting components 203 that have not slid.

[0033] The auxiliary components include an inflatable airbag 206, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 201. A connecting pipe 207 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inflatable airbag 206, and the connecting pipe 207 passes through the connecting plate 204. Multiple mounting annular grooves 208 are provided on the partition fixing plate 202. An annular airbag 209 is fixedly connected to each mounting annular groove 208, and multiple limiting blocks 210 are slidably connected to each mounting annular groove 208, with each limiting block 210 passing through the mounting annular groove 208. The multiple annular airbags 209 are interconnected through the connecting pipe. The inflatable airbag 206 is connected to the connecting pipe 207, and the connecting pipe 207 is connected to any one of the annular airbags 209. When the inflatable airbag 206 is compressed, it expands through cooperation with the connecting pipe 207. The outer surface of the adjusting component 203 has a limiting... With an equal number of slots 211 for the positioning blocks 210, when the annular airbag 209 inflates, the locking blocks 210 and slots 211 cooperate to limit the non-sliding adjusting member 203. In this embodiment, when encountering uneven ground after mining, when the telescopic outrigger 101 moves to a protruding part, the setting of the outrigger protection mechanism 200 effectively avoids the problem of local stress and skewness when the bottom end of the telescopic outrigger 101 contacts the hard protruding part during use, which affects the support and the skewness of the telescopic outrigger 101. This overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, extends the service life of the telescopic outrigger 101, and at the same time, allows it to adjust the number of sliding adjusting members 203 according to the size of the protrusion, improving its applicability and producing adaptive fit and coverage, thus improving the fixing effect of the adjusting member 203 during support.

[0034] Furthermore, the limiting block 210 is tilted, with the height of one end of the limiting block 210 near the card slot 211 being greater than the height of the other end. This allows the limiting block 210 to reset under the influence of gravity after it is inserted into the card slot 211.

[0035] Furthermore, the end of the limiting block 210 near the annular airbag 209 is set to be arc-shaped, which is used to reduce the stress between the limiting block 210 and the annular airbag 209 when the annular airbag 209 is inflated, thereby improving the service life of the limiting block 210 and the annular airbag 209.

[0036] Furthermore, when the adjusting component 203 is not sliding, its bottom is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the mounting sleeve 201, ensuring synchronous contact with the ground and thus ensuring uniform force distribution.

[0037] Furthermore, the bottom of the adjusting component 203 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which improves its service life since its bottom is in constant contact with the ground.

[0038] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 207 is set as a corrugated pipe, which moves with the bottom of the inflatable airbag 206 and expands and contracts according to the height of the inflatable airbag 206, so as to ensure stable gas delivery.

[0039] Further embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 7 As shown, the outrigger protection mechanism 200 also includes a cleaning component for cleaning the bottom of the adjusting member 203. The outrigger protection mechanism 200 includes a guide slider 221, which is slidably connected to the adjusting member 203. A compression spring 222 is fixedly connected between the guide slider 221 and the adjusting member 203. Multiple sliding top posts 223 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide slider 221. Each sliding top post 223 is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting member 203 and penetrates the bottom of the adjusting member 203. When the sliding top post 223 is not sliding, its bottom horizontal plane is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the adjusting member 203. By sliding the sliding top post 223 up and down, the bottom of the adjusting member 203 can float up and down, effectively preventing impurities from adhering to the bottom of the adjusting member 203 and improving the support effect of the adjusting member 203.

[0040] Optionally, the bottom of the sliding top post 223 can be set to be conical, thereby reducing its contact area with impurities, but still having a pushing effect, and preventing impurities from adhering to the bottom of the sliding top post 223. However, this will result in a slight reduction in the area of ​​the sliding top post 223 pushing the bottom of the adjusting member 203.

[0041] The working principle of all the content in the above embodiments is as follows:

[0042] Preparation before work: When the support body 100 is working in a hard rock roadway and performing temporary support, install the mounting sleeve 201 in the outrigger protection mechanism 200 on the bottom of the telescopic outrigger 101 so that when the telescopic outrigger 101 is extended or retracted, the mounting sleeve 201 is in contact with the ground. When it does not encounter a protruding geological feature, the bottom of the adjusting component 203 is flush with the bottom of the mounting sleeve 201, the inflatable airbag 206 is in normal condition, the annular airbag 209 is in normal condition, and the limiting block 210 is in a state where it does not penetrate the mounting annular groove 208.

[0043] The following describes the working principle and beneficial effects of the outrigger protection mechanism 200:

[0044] When the support body 100 and the telescopic leg 101 are in normal use, if the bottom of the telescopic leg 101 falls on the protruding part after extension and retraction, depending on the size of the protrusion, some of the adjusting parts 203 will slide upward due to the influence of the protrusion. When the adjusting parts 203 slide upward, the top of the adjusting parts 203 will push the connecting plate 204 to slide upward, causing the top of the connecting plate 204 to move closer to the bottom of the inflatable airbag 206, thus compressing the inflatable airbag 206. When the inflatable airbag 206 is compressed, the gas inside the inflatable airbag 206 enters the annular airbag 209 through the connecting pipe 207, thereby compressing the annular airbag 209. This pushes the limiting block 210 through the mounting groove 208 towards the annular airbag 209. During the sliding, since some of the adjusting parts 203 have already slid upward, the limiting block 210 promptly slides backward. The adjusting member 203 is close but will not be inserted into the slot 211 of the sliding adjusting member 203. Furthermore, due to the flexible annular airbag 209, the reaction force generated by the blocking effect of the adjusting member 203 causes the annular airbag 209 to undergo small elastic deformation. The end of the limiting block 210 that contacts the outer surface of the adjusting member 203 generates small friction with the adjusting member 203, thus not affecting the sliding and resetting of the adjusting member 203. Simultaneously, without being affected by the protruding part, the adjusting member 203 remains in a non-sliding state. At this time, the slot 211 on the non-sliding adjusting member 203 is on the same horizontal line as the limiting block 210. Therefore, after the limiting block 210 passes through the mounting ring groove 208, it will insert into the slot 211, thereby providing auxiliary fixation for the non-sliding adjusting member 203, improving the stability of the non-sliding adjusting member 203, and thus enhancing its support effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention employs a technical means of cooperating the adjusting component 203 and the auxiliary components. When encountering raised ground conditions, depending on the size of the raised part, part of the adjusting component 203 is affected by the raised part and slides upward, while other unaffected parts continue to perform auxiliary support work. This effectively avoids the problem that when the bottom end of the telescopic outrigger 101 comes into contact with a hard raised part, it will be subjected to local force and become skewed, affecting the support and the skew of the telescopic outrigger 101. This overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and extends the service life of the telescopic outrigger 101.

[0046] Furthermore, through the arrangement of multiple adjusting members 203 and the cooperation of auxiliary components, the number of adjusting members 203 that slide can be adjusted according to the size of the protrusion, thereby improving its applicability. At the same time, after some adjusting members 203 are lifted, the protrusion will be inserted into the mounting sleeve 201. Then, the non-sliding adjusting members 203 and the mounting sleeve 201 will create a covering effect on the protruding part, resulting in an adaptive fit and improving the fixing effect of the adjusting members 203 when supported.

[0047] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 207 is a corrugated pipe. When the top of the connecting pipe 207 rises with the inflatable airbag 206, the connecting pipe 207 can extend or retract according to the height of the inflatable airbag 206, ensuring stable gas delivery.

[0048] Furthermore, when the telescopic outrigger 101 completes its temporary support work and moves to support the next area, the telescopic outrigger 101 extends and retracts, causing the mounting sleeve 201 to rise. As the mounting sleeve 201 moves away from the protruding part, the sliding adjustment component 203 is affected by gravity and the rebound thrust of the return spring 205, which drives the connecting plate 204 to push the adjustment component 203 to reset. The inflatable airbag 206 returns to its normal state, and then the annular airbag 209 returns to its normal state through the suction of the connecting pipe 207. The limiting block 210 loses the push of the inflated annular airbag 209, and because the limiting block 210 is tilted, it will be reset by gravity and disengage from the insertion limit of the slot 211, making it convenient for the next operation.

[0049] Furthermore, when the adjusting component 203 slides due to the influence of the protruding rock, the protruding rock will first push the sliding top post 223 at the bottom of the adjusting component 203, causing the sliding top post 223 to slide. At the same time, it will drive the guide slider 221 to slide upward, compressing the compression spring 222. After being pushed away from the protruding rock, the sliding top post 223 will return to its original position under the rebound of the compression spring 222. Thus, by sliding the sliding top post 223 up and down, the bottom of the adjusting component 203 can float up and down, effectively preventing impurities from adhering to the bottom of the adjusting component 203, improving the support effect of the adjusting component 203, and also effectively preventing the problem that the bottom of the adjusting component 203 will thicken due to impurities, making it impossible for the limit block 210 to be inserted into the slot 211, thus improving the stability of the outrigger protection mechanism 200 during use.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the embodiments described above, all of which are within the protection scope of the embodiments described above.

Claims

1. A supporting device for hard rock roadway, comprising a support body (100), a telescopic support leg (101) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support body (100), characterized in that, The telescopic supporting leg (101) is provided with a supporting leg protection mechanism (200) at the bottom end, which is used for making the supporting leg protection mechanism (200) contact the ground evenly. The supporting leg protection mechanism (200) comprises a plurality of mounting sleeves (201), each of which is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the adjacent telescopic supporting leg (101), and the opening of the mounting sleeve (201) faces the ground, a partition fixed plate (202) is fixedly connected in the mounting sleeve (201), a plurality of adjusting members (203) are slidably connected on the partition fixed plate (202), a connecting plate (204) is slidably connected in the mounting sleeve (201), the connecting plate (204) is in contact with the top end of the adjusting member (203), a reset spring (205) is fixedly connected between the connecting plate (204) and the mounting sleeve (201), and the supporting leg protection mechanism (200) comprises an auxiliary assembly, when any one of the adjusting members (203) contacts a ground projection and slides upward, the auxiliary assembly is triggered by cooperation with the connecting plate (204) when the adjusting member (203) slides upward, and the auxiliary assembly is triggered to assist in fixing other adjusting members (203) that do not slide.

2. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 1, characterised in that: The auxiliary assembly comprises a pressurized air bag (206), the pressurized air bag (206) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (201), a connecting pipe (207) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressurized air bag (206), the connecting pipe (207) penetrates through the connecting plate (204), a plurality of mounting ring grooves (208) are formed in the partition fixed plate (202), an annular air bag (209) is fixedly connected in each mounting ring groove (208), a plurality of limiting blocks (210) are slidably connected in each mounting ring groove (208), and each limiting block (210) penetrates through the mounting ring groove (208), the plurality of annular air bags (209) are communicated with each other through the connecting pipe, the pressurized air bag (206) is communicated with the connecting pipe (207), the connecting pipe (207) is communicated with any one annular air bag (209), and when the pressurized air bag (206) is compressed, the plurality of annular air bags (209) are expanded through cooperation with the connecting pipe (207).

3. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 2, characterised in that: A number of clamping grooves (211) are formed in the outer surface of the adjusting member (203) and are equal to the number of the limiting blocks (210), and when the annular air bag (209) is expanded, the limiting blocks (210) and the clamping grooves (211) cooperate to limit the adjusting member (203) that does not slide.

4. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting block (210) is obliquely arranged, and the height of one end of the limiting block (210) is greater than that of the other end.

5. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the limiting block (210) close to the annular air bag (209) is arranged in an arc shape, so as to reduce the stress between the limiting block (210) and the annular air bag (209) when the annular air bag (209) is expanded.

6. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjusting member (203) is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the mounting sleeve (201).

7. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjusting member (203) is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

8. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (207) is arranged in a corrugated pipe.

9. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting leg protection mechanism (200) further comprises a cleaning assembly for cleaning the bottom of the adjusting member (203), the supporting leg protection mechanism (200) comprises a guide sliding block (221) which is slidingly connected in the adjusting member (203), a compression spring (222) is fixedly connected between the guide sliding block (221) and the adjusting member (203), a plurality of sliding top columns (223) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide sliding block (221), each sliding top column (223) is slidingly connected to the bottom of the adjusting member (203), and the sliding top column (223) penetrates the bottom of the adjusting member (203).

10. A support device for a hard rock roadway according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the sliding top column (223) is not sliding, the bottom horizontal plane is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the adjusting member (203).

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