Device for disc spring high-temperature compression test and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a disc spring high-temperature compression test device and a use method thereof.The disc spring high-temperature compression test device comprises a fixing mechanism and a heating mechanism, and the fixing mechanism is used for fixing a disc spring; and the heating mechanism sleeves the outer side of the fixing mechanism and provides a high-temperature environment for the fixing mechanism and the disc spring. The fixing mechanism comprises a base, a shaft rod and a top cover which are coaxially arranged; the bottom of the base is connected with a tension tester, an accommodating space is formed in the base, and an opening is formed in the top of the accommodating space; the shaft rod is placed in the accommodating space; the top cover is sleeved on the shaft rod, and the top end of the shaft rod protrudes out of the top cover and is connected with a tension tester; the top cover is detachably connected with the top of the base. Wherein the shaft rod comprises an extension rod, a plurality of disc springs, a plurality of disc springs and a plurality of disc springs, and the extension rod extends in the axial direction of the extension rod and is inserted into the disc springs; a plurality of first grooves are formed in the side wall of the extension rod so that the contact area between the extension rod and the disc spring can be reduced. The device provided by the invention is beneficial to improving the accuracy of disc spring test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disc spring testing technology, specifically to a device for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Before installation, disc springs are typically tested for force and deformation using a high-temperature compression test to ensure the relationship between force and deformation meets requirements. This high-temperature compression test involves combining multiple disc springs at high temperature using a tensile testing machine, compressing them to a specified displacement and load, and repeating the process cyclically. However, existing high-temperature compression tests for disc springs have the following problems: after cyclic compression, multiple disc springs may shift due to friction between them, making it impossible to accurately record the displacement and load after compression; the disc springs cannot be guaranteed to remain aligned during compression; and it is impossible to determine whether the disc spring temperature matches the high-temperature furnace temperature, thus making it impossible to obtain accurate real-time temperature measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs, thereby improving the accuracy of disc spring test data.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs, comprising: a fixing mechanism and a heating mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to fix the disc spring; and the heating mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the fixing mechanism to provide a high-temperature environment for the fixing mechanism and the disc spring. The fixing mechanism includes: a base, a shaft, and a top cover arranged coaxially; the bottom of the base is connected to a tensile testing machine, and the base has an accommodating space with an opening at the top; the shaft is placed in the accommodating space; the top cover is sleeved on the shaft, and the top end of the shaft protrudes from the top cover and is connected to the tensile testing machine; the top cover is detachably connected to the top of the base. The shaft includes an extension rod that extends axially and is inserted into a plurality of disc springs; the sidewall of the extension rod is provided with a plurality of first grooves to reduce the contact area between the extension rod and the disc springs.

[0005] Optionally, a plurality of the first grooves are evenly distributed on the extension rod, and each first groove extends along the axial direction of the extension rod.

[0006] Optionally, a first positioning boss is provided at the center of the bottom of the accommodating space; The shaft also includes a second positioning boss coaxially arranged with the extension rod; the second positioning boss is a planar structure extending radially therein and connected to one end of the extension rod; the bottom surface of the second positioning boss is provided with a limiting groove that matches the first positioning boss, so as to realize the center alignment of the shaft and the base.

[0007] Optionally, each of the disc springs is provided with a limiting through hole at its center; The outer diameter of the second positioning boss is larger than the diameter of the limiting through hole, so that the second positioning boss provides a supporting plane for the disc spring.

[0008] Optionally, a first connector is provided at the center of the outer surface of the bottom of the base, and the surface of the first connector has a threaded structure for threaded connection with the tensile testing machine; The shaft also includes a second connector coaxially arranged with the extension rod and the second positioning boss. The second connector is disposed at the other end of the extension rod relative to the second positioning boss, and the surface of the second connector has a threaded structure to realize the threaded connection between the shaft and the tensile testing machine.

[0009] Optionally, the base has a number of evenly distributed monitoring ports on its side wall, and each monitoring port is connected to the accommodating space.

[0010] Optionally, the heating mechanism has a heating space inside, which is used to place the fixing mechanism; the top and bottom center positions of the heating space are provided with connection holes communicating with the outside of the heating mechanism, so that the two pull rods of the tensile testing machine can be inserted into the heating space to connect with the fixing mechanism; wherein, both connection holes are located on the axis of the heating space.

[0011] The heating mechanism has several temperature sensors that pass through the monitoring port of the base and contact the surface of the disc spring.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of monitoring ports are evenly arranged on the side wall of the base; and each monitoring port extends axially to the top of the base, dividing the side wall of the base into a plurality of support portions; and the top of the outer wall of each support portion has a second groove parallel to its top edge; wherein the opening width of the monitoring port is greater than or equal to the width of the support portion. The bottom edge of the top cover is provided with a plurality of fixing protrusions that match the position of the support part; the bottom end of each fixing protrusion is provided with a clamping block extending radially inward along the top cover, and the clamping block matches the second groove so that the clamping block can slide in the second groove.

[0013] Optionally, the top center of the top cover is provided with a first stepped hole and a second stepped hole that are coaxial and interconnected. The first stepped hole is located near the top of the base, and the diameter of the first stepped hole matches the size of the disc spring; The second stepped hole is disposed near the top surface of the top cover; the diameter of the second stepped hole is smaller than the diameter of the first stepped hole, and matches the size of the extension rod.

[0014] Optionally, the present invention also provides a method of using the apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs, comprising: Multiple sets of disc springs are sequentially sleeved onto the extension rod of the shaft through limiting through holes and supported by the second positioning boss; the shaft and the multiple disc springs on it are placed together into the accommodating space of the base, so that the inner surface of the limiting groove at the bottom of the second positioning boss contacts the surface of the first positioning boss, thereby achieving center alignment of the shaft and the multiple disc springs; the top cover is sleeved onto the shaft through the first and second stepped holes of the top cover, and the second connecting piece of the shaft protrudes from the upper surface of the top cover; at the same time, the top cover is fixed together with the top of the base, thereby assembling the fixing mechanism; The assembled fixing mechanism is placed in the heating space of the heating mechanism, the disc spring is heated to the target temperature, and a temperature sensor is passed through the monitoring port of the base and contacts the surface of the disc spring. The two tie rods of the tensile testing machine are respectively connected to the first connecting part of the base and the second connecting part of the shaft. The tension of the fixing mechanism by the two tie rods of the tensile testing machine causes the shaft and disc spring to move axially relative to the base, and the disc spring to compress and move relative to the shaft. The force and deformation of the heated disc spring are detected by the tensile testing machine to obtain the high-temperature force and deformation of the disc spring. Afterwards, the two pull rods of the tensile testing machine are reset, so that the second positioning protrusion of the shaft is placed back on the first positioning protrusion, and the first positioning protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The disc spring high-temperature compression test device of the present invention is centered by fixing mechanism, and a first positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the accommodating space of the base, and a limiting groove matching the first positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the shaft. This ensures that the shaft is always on the axis of the base after each reset of the pull rod of the tensile testing machine during the test, thereby ensuring that the movement of the disc spring and the shaft is always on the axis of the base (i.e., the vertical direction), and improving the accuracy of the disc spring test data.

[0016] The device for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs described in this invention matches the diameter of the extension rod of the shaft with the diameter of the limiting through hole of the disc spring. After cyclic compression, multiple disc springs are misaligned due to the friction between them. Furthermore, the device reduces the contact area between the extension rod and the wall of the limiting through hole by providing a first groove on the extension rod, thereby reducing the influence of friction on the disc spring test results and improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0017] The disc spring high-temperature compression test device of the present invention improves the temperature transfer rate between the accommodating space of the base and the heating space of the heating mechanism by opening a monitoring port on the side wall of the base, ensuring that the disc spring is fully and uniformly heated. It also allows the temperature sensor of the heating mechanism to directly contact the disc spring through the base for contact temperature measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of the disc spring temperature measurement, the accuracy of the disc spring test data, and the temperature control capability of the heating mechanism over the disc spring. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an experimental schematic diagram of the disc spring high-temperature compression test apparatus described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing mechanism in the disc spring high-temperature compression test device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view of each component.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base in the device for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft in the device for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, 1-disc spring, 2-shaft, 21-second positioning boss, 211-limiting groove, 22-extension rod, 221-first groove, 23-second connector, 3-base, 31-first connector, 32-first positioning boss, 33-second groove, 34-monitoring port, 35-support part, 4-top cover, 41-first stepped hole, 42-second stepped hole, 43-fixing protrusion, 431-clamping block, 5-heating mechanism, 51-temperature sensor, 6-pull rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] This invention provides an apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs, suitable for measuring the high-temperature force and deformation of disc springs using a tensile testing machine. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a fixing mechanism and a heating mechanism 5. The fixing mechanism is used to fix multiple disc springs 1, and its top and bottom are connected to a tensile testing machine. The heating mechanism 5 is sleeved on the outside of the fixing mechanism to provide a high-temperature environment for the fixing mechanism and the disc springs 1.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixing mechanism includes: a base 3, a shaft 2, and a top cover 4 arranged coaxially. The bottom of the base 3 is connected to a tensile testing machine; the top of the shaft 2 is also connected to a tensile testing machine, and the shaft 2 is located at the center of the base 3, used to fix multiple disc springs 1; the top cover 4 is sleeved on the shaft 2 and fixedly connected to the top of the base 3 to fix the disc springs 1 inside the base 3.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the base 3 has a coaxial accommodating space inside, which is used to accommodate the shaft 2 and the disc spring 1, and has an opening at the top to facilitate the placement and removal of the shaft 2 and the disc spring 1; a first connecting member 31 is provided at the center of the outer surface of the bottom of the base 3, which is used to connect the tensile testing machine.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the first connector 31 has a threaded structure for threaded connection with the tensile testing machine.

[0031] Furthermore, to improve the heat transfer capacity of the base 3 so that the disc spring 1 can be fully heated, refer to Figure 4 The base 3 has several evenly distributed monitoring ports 34 on its side wall, and each monitoring port 34 is connected to the accommodating space, so that the accommodating space can transfer heat to the high-temperature gas heated by the heating mechanism 5 through the several monitoring ports 34, thereby realizing the uniform heating of the disc spring by the heating mechanism 5.

[0032] In this embodiment, n monitoring ports 34 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the base 3, such as... Figure 4 As shown, each of the monitoring ports 34 is U-shaped and vertically opened on the side wall of the base 3. When the disc spring 1 is placed in the accommodating space, the outer edge of the disc spring comes into contact with the high-temperature gas inside the heating mechanism 5 through the monitoring port 34, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the disc spring 1; and since the n monitoring ports 34 are evenly distributed, the disc spring 1 can be heated evenly, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0033] Furthermore, a first positioning boss 32 is provided at the center of the bottom of the accommodating space (e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the shaft 2 is aligned with the center.

[0034] The bottom of the shaft 2 passes through the opening of the accommodating space and is inserted into the accommodating space, and is placed on the limiting boss 32. For example... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the shaft 2 includes: a second positioning boss 21, an extension rod 22, and a second connecting member 23 connected coaxially in sequence; the second positioning boss 21 is a planar structure extending radially therein, and the second positioning boss 21 is placed in the accommodating space, and the outer diameter of the second positioning boss 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the first positioning boss 32 and smaller than the inner diameter of the transverse cross section of the accommodating space, to prevent the edge of the second positioning boss 21 from rubbing against the wall of the accommodating space (i.e., the inner surface of the side wall of the base 3); the bottom surface of the second positioning boss 21 is provided with a limiting groove 211 that matches the first positioning boss 32 (e.g., ...). Figure 3As shown, when the second positioning boss 21 is placed on the first positioning boss 32, the first positioning boss 32 can be embedded in the limiting groove 211 for positioning and connection, realizing the center alignment of the shaft 2 and the base 3; the extension rod 22 extends upward along its axial direction and is inserted into the limiting through hole at the center of the plurality of disc springs 1, so that the plurality of disc springs 1 are sequentially sleeved on the extension rod 22 along its axial direction. Further, the top cover 4 is sleeved on the second connecting member 23 of the shaft 2, and the second connecting member 23 protrudes from the upper surface of the top cover 4 for connecting the tensile testing machine. In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the second connecting member 23 has a threaded structure to realize the threaded connection between the shaft 2 and the tensile testing machine.

[0035] Furthermore, since each disc spring 1 has a limiting through hole at its center, allowing multiple disc springs 1 to be sequentially sleeved onto the extension rod 22 through the limiting through holes, the outer diameter of the second positioning boss 21 is larger than the diameter of the limiting through hole (see reference). Figure 2 This allows the second positioning boss 21 to provide a supporting plane for the disc spring 1.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the top cover 4 is detachably fixed to the top of the base 3 and passes through the second connector 23 of the shaft 2. The top center of the top cover 4 has a coaxial and interconnected first stepped hole 41 and second stepped hole 42. The first stepped hole 41 is located near the top of the base 3, and its diameter matches the size of the disc spring 1, facilitating center alignment of the disc spring 1 during compression. The second stepped hole 42 is located near the top surface of the top cover 4, and its size is smaller than the diameter of the first stepped hole 41, restricting the movement of the disc spring 1 and providing support during compression; the diameter of the second stepped hole 42 matches the size of the second connector 23, allowing the second connector 23 of the shaft 2 to pass through.

[0037] refer to Figures 2 to 4During the assembly of the fixing mechanism, multiple sets of disc springs 1 are sequentially sleeved onto the extension rod 22 of the shaft 2 through the limiting through holes and supported by the second positioning boss 21. The shaft 2 and the multiple disc springs 1 on it are placed together into the accommodating space of the base 3, so that the inner surface of the limiting groove 211 at the bottom of the second positioning boss 21 contacts the surface of the first positioning boss 32, thereby achieving center alignment of the shaft 2 and the multiple disc springs 1. The top cover 4 is sleeved onto the shaft 2 through the first stepped hole 41 and the second stepped hole 42, and the second connecting member 23 of the shaft 2 protrudes from the upper surface of the top cover 4. At the same time, the top cover 4 is fixed together with the top of the base 3. At this time, the second connecting piece 23 of the vertically stretched shaft 2 drives the shaft 2 and the disc spring 1 to move vertically upward in the accommodating space of the base 3; when the uppermost disc spring 1 of the multiple disc springs 1 contacts the top cover 4, the surface of the disc spring 1 will contact the hole wall of the first stepped hole 41 (refer to...). Figure 2 As the shaft 2 continues to stretch, multiple disc springs 1 begin to compress, and the multiple disc springs 1 will move relative to the extension rod 22 of the shaft 2 in the vertical direction (axial direction of the shaft 2), ensuring that the multiple disc springs 1 always remain on the same axis.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the heating mechanism 5 is typically a high-temperature furnace with an internal heating space. This heating space houses the fixing mechanism and provides a high-temperature environment for it. The heating space has connection holes at its top and bottom centers that communicate with the outside of the heating mechanism 5, facilitating the insertion of the two pull rods 6 of the tensile testing machine into the heating space to connect with the fixing mechanism. Both connection holes are located on the axis of the heating space, ensuring that the two pull rods 6 and the fixing mechanism are all on the same axis, guaranteeing that the disc spring 1 always moves or compresses vertically along the same axis. The heating mechanism 5 contains several temperature sensors 51, typically thermocouples, which pass through the monitoring port 34 of the base 3 and contact the surface of the disc spring 1 to directly measure its temperature. This ensures the accuracy of the test temperature of the disc spring 1 and improves the stability of the heating mechanism 5's control over the test temperature of the disc spring 1.

[0039] refer to Figure 1When using the device described in this invention, the assembled fixing mechanism is placed in the heating space of the heating mechanism 5, the disc spring 1 is heated to the target temperature, and the temperature sensor 51 passes through the monitoring port 34 of the base 3 and contacts the surface of the disc spring 1, so as to achieve precise temperature control of the disc spring 1 by the heating mechanism 5 and improve the accuracy of the test results. Then, the two pull rods 6 of the tensile testing machine are respectively connected to the first connecting member 31 of the base 3 and the second connecting member 23 of the shaft 2; through the tensile action of the two pull rods 6 of the tensile testing machine on the fixing mechanism, the shaft 2 and the disc spring 1 move axially relative to the base 3, and the disc spring 1 is compressed and moves relative to the shaft 2; and the force value and deformation of the heated disc spring 1 are detected by the tensile testing machine to obtain the high temperature force value and deformation of the disc spring 1. When the two pull rods 6 of the tensile testing machine are stretched, the disc spring 1 located at the top of the shaft 2 moves into the first stepped hole 41 of the top cover 4, ensuring that the disc spring 1 is always compressed along the axial direction (i.e., the vertical direction) of the base 3 during the compression process, thus ensuring the accuracy of the experimental test results. Afterwards, the two pull rods 6 of the tensile testing machine are reset, so that the second positioning protrusion 23 of the shaft 2 is repositioned on the first positioning protrusion 32, and the first positioning protrusion 32 is embedded in the limiting groove 211. At this time, through the alignment design of the limiting groove 211 of the second positioning protrusion and the first positioning protrusion, it is ensured that the shaft 2 and the base 3 are always aligned before each stretching operation of the tensile testing machine during the experiment, thereby preventing the shaft 2 from deviating from the axial direction (i.e., the vertical direction) of the base 3 after multiple compression operations of the disc spring 1, and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0040] Furthermore, to ensure that the disc spring 1 always moves in its axial (vertical) direction during compression, the diameter of the limiting through hole of the disc spring 1 matches the diameter of the extension rod 22 of the shaft 2, preventing multiple disc springs 1 from shifting during cyclic compression.

[0041] Furthermore, to reduce the friction between the wall of the limiting through hole and the side wall of the extension rod 22 when the disc spring is compressed, refer to Figure 5 A plurality of first grooves 221 are provided on the side wall of the extension rod 22 of the shaft 2 to reduce the contact area between the extension rod 22 and the wall of the limiting through hole of the disc spring, thereby reducing the influence of friction on the test results of the disc spring and improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, after comprehensively considering the frictional force of the extension rod 22 on the disc spring and its limiting effect on axial movement, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, several first grooves 221 are evenly distributed on the extension rod 22, and each groove extends along the axial direction of the extension rod 22, so that the first groove 221 extends to the second positioning protrusion 21, ensuring that the contact area between the disc spring 1 and the extension rod 22 is minimized and remains constant during the experiment, thereby improving the accuracy of the disc spring test data.

[0043] In this embodiment, the top cover 4 is snap-fitted to the base 3, which has a U-shaped monitoring port 34. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the U-shaped monitoring port 34 extends axially to the top of the base 3, dividing the side wall of the base 3 into n support portions 35; the top of the outer wall of each support portion 35 has a second groove 33 parallel to its top edge; and on the side near the top of the base 3, the opening width of the monitoring port 34 is greater than or equal to the width of the support portion 35. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bottom edge of the top cover 4 is provided with n fixing protrusions 43 that match the position of the support part 35. The bottom end of each fixing protrusion 43 is provided with a clamping block 431 extending radially inward along the top cover 4, and the clamping block 431 matches the second groove 33, so that the clamping block 431 can slide in the second groove 33.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the top cover 4 and the base 3 are snapped together, the top cover 4 is placed above the base 3, and the fixing protrusion 43 of the top cover 4 is aligned with the U-shaped monitoring port 34. The top cover 4 is moved downward so that the clamping block 431 of the fixing protrusion 43 is in the same plane as the second groove 33 of the support part 35. Then the top cover 4 is rotated so that the clamping block 431 of the fixing protrusion 43 slides from the monitoring port 34 into the second groove 33 and continues to move along the extension direction of the second groove 33 (i.e., the direction parallel to the top edge of the base 3), so that the fixing protrusion 43 and the base 3 are completely snapped together, realizing the snap-fit ​​connection between the top cover 4 and the base 3.

[0045] When disassembling the top cover 4, the top cover 4 is rotated. At this time, the clamping block 431 of the fixing protrusion 43 slides along the extension direction of the second groove and slides completely from the second groove 33 into the monitoring port 34, thereby realizing the disassembly of the top cover 4.

[0046] In summary, the disc spring high-temperature compression test device of the present invention reduces the influence of friction on the disc spring test results by setting a first groove on the extension rod of the shaft; by setting a first positioning boss at the bottom of the accommodating space of the base and a limiting groove matching the first positioning boss at the bottom of the shaft, it ensures that the shaft is always located on the axis of the base after each reset of the tensile testing machine during the experiment; and by opening a monitoring port on the side wall of the base, the temperature sensor of the heating mechanism can perform contact temperature measurement of the disc spring through the monitoring port, thereby improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs, suitable for measuring the high-temperature force and deformation of disc springs using a tensile testing machine, characterized in that, include: A fixing mechanism and a heating mechanism are provided, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to fix the disc spring; the heating mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the fixing mechanism to provide a high-temperature environment for the fixing mechanism and the disc spring. The fixing mechanism includes: a base, a shaft, and a top cover arranged coaxially; the bottom of the base is connected to a tensile testing machine, and the base has an accommodating space with an opening at the top; the shaft is placed in the accommodating space; the top cover is sleeved on the shaft, and the top end of the shaft protrudes from the top cover and is connected to the tensile testing machine; the top cover is detachably connected to the top of the base. The shaft includes an extension rod that extends axially and is inserted into a plurality of disc springs; the sidewall of the extension rod is provided with a plurality of first grooves to reduce the contact area between the extension rod and the disc springs.

2. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several first grooves are evenly distributed on the extension rod, and each first groove extends along the axial direction of the extension rod.

3. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first positioning protrusion is provided at the center of the bottom of the accommodating space; The shaft also includes a second positioning boss coaxially arranged with the extension rod; the second positioning boss is a planar structure extending radially therein and connected to one end of the extension rod; the bottom surface of the second positioning boss is provided with a limiting groove that matches the first positioning boss, so as to realize the center alignment of the shaft and the base.

4. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the disc springs is provided with a limiting through hole at its center; The outer diameter of the second positioning boss is larger than the diameter of the limiting through hole, so that the second positioning boss provides a supporting plane for the disc spring.

5. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base has a first connector at the center of the outer surface of the bottom. The surface of the first connector has a threaded structure for threaded connection with the tensile testing machine. The shaft also includes a second connector coaxially arranged with the extension rod and the second positioning boss. The second connector is disposed at the other end of the extension rod relative to the second positioning boss, and the surface of the second connector has a threaded structure to realize the threaded connection between the shaft and the tensile testing machine.

6. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base has several evenly distributed monitoring ports on its side wall, and each monitoring port is connected to the accommodating space.

7. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heating mechanism has a heating space inside, which is used to house the fixing mechanism; the top and bottom center of the heating space are provided with connection holes that communicate with the outside of the heating mechanism, so that the two pull rods of the tensile testing machine can be inserted into the heating space to connect with the fixing mechanism; wherein, both connection holes are located on the axis of the heating space; The heating mechanism has several temperature sensors that pass through the monitoring port of the base and contact the surface of the disc spring.

8. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 6, characterized in that, Several monitoring ports are evenly arranged on the side wall of the base; and each monitoring port extends axially to the top of the base, dividing the side wall of the base into several support parts; and the top of the outer wall of each support part has a second groove parallel to its top edge; wherein the opening width of the monitoring port is greater than or equal to the width of the support part. The bottom edge of the top cover is provided with a plurality of fixing protrusions that match the position of the support part; the bottom end of each fixing protrusion is provided with a clamping block extending radially inward along the top cover, and the clamping block matches the second groove so that the clamping block can slide in the second groove.

9. The apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top center of the top cover is provided with a first stepped hole and a second stepped hole that are coaxial and interconnected. The first stepped hole is located near the top of the base, and the diameter of the first stepped hole matches the size of the disc spring; The second stepped hole is disposed near the top surface of the top cover; the diameter of the second stepped hole is smaller than the diameter of the first stepped hole, and matches the size of the extension rod.

10. A method of using the apparatus for high-temperature compression testing of disc springs according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Multiple sets of disc springs are sequentially sleeved onto the extension rod of the shaft through limiting through holes and supported by the second positioning boss; the shaft and the multiple disc springs on it are placed together into the accommodating space of the base, so that the inner surface of the limiting groove at the bottom of the second positioning boss contacts the surface of the first positioning boss, thereby achieving center alignment of the shaft and the multiple disc springs; the top cover is sleeved onto the shaft through the first and second stepped holes of the top cover, and the second connecting piece of the shaft protrudes from the upper surface of the top cover; at the same time, the top cover is fixed together with the top of the base, thereby assembling the fixing mechanism; The assembled fixing mechanism is placed in the heating space of the heating mechanism, the disc spring is heated to the target temperature, and a temperature sensor is passed through the monitoring port of the base and contacts the surface of the disc spring. The two tie rods of the tensile testing machine are respectively connected to the first connecting part of the base and the second connecting part of the shaft. The tension of the fixing mechanism by the two tie rods of the tensile testing machine causes the shaft and disc spring to move axially relative to the base, and the disc spring to compress and move relative to the shaft. The force and deformation of the heated disc spring are detected by the tensile testing machine to obtain the high-temperature force and deformation of the disc spring. Afterwards, the two pull rods of the tensile testing machine are reset, so that the second positioning protrusion of the shaft is placed back on the first positioning protrusion, and the first positioning protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove.

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