Coal rock mass detection device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal and rock mass detection device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of coal and rock mass detection. The coal and rock mass detection device comprises a clamping mechanism, a first pressure applying mechanism, a second pressure applying mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises two clamping blocks which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and a coal and rock mass is arranged between the two clamping blocks; the first pressure applying mechanism is connected with the top surface of the upper clamping block and applies vertically downward pressure to the upper clamping block, the second pressure applying mechanism is connected with the first pressure applying mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the first pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the side face of the coal rock mass so as to apply pressure in the horizontal direction to the coal rock mass. Due to the fact that the clamping block and the second pressure applying mechanism move through the power of the first pressure applying mechanism, the overall structure of the detection device is simplified, synchronous loading of the vertical load and the horizontal load is achieved, and the real stress state of the coal rock mass is more accurately measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal and rock mass detection technology, and in particular to a coal and rock mass detection device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core fossil energy source, the safety of coal mining is closely related to the mechanical properties of the coal and rock mass. During coal mining, the coal and rock mass is subjected to multi-directional composite stresses (vertical formation pressure, horizontal tectonic stress, and mining-induced additional stress). Traditional uniaxial pressure testing equipment can only simulate vertical loads and cannot reproduce the actual stress state, resulting in significant deviations between the test data and actual working conditions.

[0003] Currently, when testing the stress level of coal and rock masses, the coal and rock mass is typically clamped between two clamps. The stress level is measured by applying force to the clamps. However, existing coal and rock mass stress testing instruments can only apply pressure vertically to the coal and rock mass fixed to the clamping mechanism, failing to apply pressure horizontally. This makes it difficult to detect the stress level in multiple directions. Coal and rock masses are actually in a triaxial stress state; uniaxial test data cannot accurately reflect their stress state, posing a safety hazard. Furthermore, some improved equipment attempts to introduce lateral pressure modules, but these have significant shortcomings: independent loading is asynchronous, requiring horizontal and vertical loads to be applied step-by-step, preventing multi-directional synchronous loading and disrupting the stress balance path of the coal and rock mass; the loading direction is singular, only applying force along a fixed axis, unable to adjust the angle according to the direction of coal seam fracture development; the loading structure is redundant, with the additional hydraulic system resulting in a large equipment size and a lack of linkage with the vertical loading mechanism; coal and rock masses often contain weak surfaces such as bedding and joints, and their failure modes are related to the direction of stress. Existing clamps are mostly flat plates, which makes it difficult to fix inclined coal samples. They are prone to slippage during testing, and the clamping angle cannot be adjusted according to the fracture direction. The weak surface effect is difficult to quantify. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a coal and rock mass detection device and its usage method. The coal and rock mass detection device has a compact structure and uses a transmission mechanism to simultaneously apply vertical and horizontal loads to the coal and rock mass, thereby more accurately determining the true stress state of the coal and rock mass.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a coal and rock mass detection device, including a clamping mechanism, a first pressure applying mechanism, a second pressure applying mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes two clamping blocks spaced apart in a vertical direction, and the coal and rock mass is disposed between the two clamping blocks. The first pressure applying mechanism is connected to the top surface of the upper clamping block and applies a vertically downward pressure to the upper clamping block. The second pressure applying mechanism is connected to the first pressure applying mechanism through the transmission mechanism. The first pressure applying mechanism is disposed on the side of the coal and rock mass to apply a horizontal pressure to the coal and rock mass.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first pressure-applying mechanism includes a hydraulic press and a pressure rod, the pressure rod passing through the hydraulic press and connected to the clamping block above it, and the transmission mechanism includes a fixed ring and a connecting rod, the fixed ring being sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod being connected to the fixed ring and the second pressure-applying mechanism, respectively.

[0007] In one embodiment, the coal and rock mass detection device further includes a housing, which includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and a protective cover. The protective cover is disposed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The hydraulic press is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate, and the clamping block below is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The clamping mechanism, the second pressure applying mechanism, and the transmission mechanism are all located inside the protective cover.

[0008] In one embodiment, the second pressure-applying mechanism includes a first support, a mounting base, a wedge block, and a pusher. The first support is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate, the mounting base is disposed on top of the first support, the wedge block is disposed inside the mounting base, one end of the connecting rod is inserted into the interior of the mounting base, one end of the pusher is located inside the mounting base and connected to the wedge block, and the other end of the pusher is located outside the mounting base and can abut against the side of the coal and rock mass.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting base is provided with a first spring inside, the first spring is sleeved on the surface of the push post, one end of the first spring is connected to the inner wall of the mounting base, and the wedge block can abut against the other end of the first spring.

[0010] In one embodiment, the coal and rock mass detection device further includes a third pressure-applying mechanism, which includes a hydraulic pipe, a hydraulic push rod, and a second support. The two ends of the hydraulic pipe are respectively connected to the hydraulic press and the hydraulic push rod. The second support is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate and connected to the hydraulic push rod. The hydraulic push rod and the push column are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the coal and rock mass.

[0011] In one embodiment, the clamping block includes a fixed base and a rotating block. The rotating block is semi-cylindrical, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on one side of the two clamping blocks that are close to each other. The rotating block is rotatably disposed in the arc-shaped groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism further includes a limiting component, which includes a sliding bar and a locking member. The sliding bar is disposed on one side of the arc surface of the rotating block, and the locking member is inserted into the interior of the fixed base and can be selectively connected to the sliding bar.

[0013] In one embodiment, the slider has a first groove on both sides, the movable frame has a second groove on its inner sidewall, and a drag-reducing wheel is provided between both sides of the slider and the inner sidewall of the movable frame.

[0014] In one embodiment, the sliding bar includes a connecting bar and a rack. The connecting bar is connected to the rotating block, and the rack is disposed on the surface of the connecting bar. The locking member includes a locking post, a pressure plate, a second spring, a fixing plate, and a fastener. One end of the locking post is provided with a locking tooth that can engage with the rack. The pressure plate is disposed at the end of the locking post away from the locking tooth. The second spring is sleeved on the surface of the locking post. The fixing plate is disposed on the surface of the fixing seat, and the fastener passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the fixing seat.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for using a coal and rock mass detection device, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the coal and rock mass on the surface of the clamping block below, rotate the rotating block of the two clamping blocks to the preset angle, and then lock the rotating block through the limiting component. S2. Start the hydraulic press to lower the pressure bar. The upper clamping block contacts the top of the coal and rock mass, and the coal and rock mass is clamped and fixed between the two clamping blocks and is squeezed. The lowered pressure bar, through the transmission mechanism, causes the push column of the second pressure applying mechanism to contact the side of the coal and rock mass, applying horizontal pressure to one side of the coal and rock mass. The hydraulic press causes the hydraulic push rod of the third pressure applying mechanism to extend, applying horizontal pressure to the other side of the coal and rock mass. S3. Observe and record the state of the coal and rock mass after it is subjected to stress.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are that when the first pressure-applying mechanism pushes the upper clamping block down, the two clamping blocks can clamp and fix the coal and rock mass. As the first pressure-applying mechanism continues to apply pressure, the two clamping blocks apply a vertical load to the coal and rock mass. Simultaneously with the descent of the upper clamping block, the second pressure-applying mechanism operates synchronously through a transmission mechanism, applying a horizontal load to the side of the coal and rock mass. Since both the clamping block and the second pressure-applying mechanism utilize the power of the first pressure-applying mechanism to achieve movement, it not only simplifies the overall structure of the detection device but also achieves synchronous loading of vertical and horizontal loads, resulting in a more accurate understanding of the true stress state of the coal and rock mass. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural view of the coal and rock mass detection device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is an internal structural diagram of the second pressure-applying mechanism of the coal and rock mass detection device in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking component of the coal and rock mass detection device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of the coal and rock mass detection device in this embodiment of the invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Clamping mechanism; 11. Clamping block; 111. Fixed base; 112. Rotating block; 113. Arc groove; 114. Slide groove; 12. Limiting component; 121. Sliding bar; 1211. Connecting bar; 1212. Rack; 122. Locking element; 1221. Locking pin; 1222. Pressure plate; 1223. Second spring; 1224. Fixed plate; 1225. Fastener; 1226. Clamping tooth; 2. First pressure applying mechanism; 21. Hydraulic press; 22. Pressure bar; 23. Limiting ring; 3. Second pressure application mechanism; 31. First support; 32. Mounting seat; 33. Wedge block; 34. Push column; 35. First spring; 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Fixing ring; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Pressure block; 5. Housing; 51. Top plate; 52. Bottom plate; 53. Protective cover; 54. Bolt; 6. Third pressure application mechanism; 61. Hydraulic pipe; 62. Hydraulic push rod; 63. Second support; 100. Coal and rock mass. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the coal and rock mass detection device of this embodiment includes a clamping mechanism 1, a first pressure applying mechanism 2, a second pressure applying mechanism 3, and a transmission mechanism 4. The clamping mechanism 1 includes two clamping blocks 11 spaced apart in the vertical direction. The coal and rock mass 100 is disposed between the two clamping blocks 11. The first pressure applying mechanism 2 is connected to the top surface of the upper clamping block 11 and applies vertical downward pressure to the upper clamping block 11. The second pressure applying mechanism 3 is connected to the first pressure applying mechanism 2 through the transmission mechanism 4. The first pressure applying mechanism 2 is disposed on the side of the coal and rock mass 100 to apply horizontal pressure to the coal and rock mass 100.

[0022] When the first pressure-applying mechanism 2 pushes the upper clamping block 11 down, the two clamping blocks 11 clamp and fix the coal and rock mass 100. As the first pressure-applying mechanism 2 continues to apply pressure, the two clamping blocks 11 apply a vertical load to the coal and rock mass 100. Simultaneously with the descent of the upper clamping block 11, the second pressure-applying mechanism 3 operates synchronously through the transmission mechanism 4, applying a horizontal load to the side of the coal and rock mass 100. Since both the clamping block 11 and the second pressure-applying mechanism 3 utilize the power of the first pressure-applying mechanism 2 to achieve movement, not only is the overall structure of the detection device simplified, but also the synchronous loading of vertical and horizontal loads is achieved, resulting in a more accurate understanding of the true stress state of the coal and rock mass 100.

[0023] To achieve stable clamping of the coal and rock mass 100, positioning grooves (not shown in the figure) are provided on the opposite sides of the two clamping blocks 11 for the coal and rock mass 100 to be placed.

[0024] Specifically, the first pressure-applying mechanism 2 includes a hydraulic press 21 and a pressure rod 22. The pressure rod 22 passes through the hydraulic press 21 and is connected to the clamping block 11 above it. The transmission mechanism 4 includes a fixed ring 41 and a connecting rod 42. The fixed ring 41 is sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod 22. The two ends of the connecting rod 42 are respectively connected to the fixed ring 41 and the second pressure-applying mechanism 3.

[0025] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 42 is L-shaped, including a horizontal section and a vertical section. The vertical section can be inserted into the interior of the second pressure mechanism 3 to compress the coal and rock mass 100. The fixing ring 41 is fixed to the surface of the pressure rod 22 by screws. The overall structure of the transmission mechanism 4 is simple and easy to install. It can be designed to be detachable for easy maintenance.

[0026] When placing the coal and rock mass 100, the distance between the two clamping blocks 11 should be greater than the height of the coal and rock mass 100. The first pressure-applying mechanism 2 moves upward via the pressure rod 22, which can raise the upper clamping block 11, thereby creating more space for the coal and rock mass 100 to be placed. The surface of the pressure rod 22 is also provided with a limiting ring 23, which is located below the fixed ring 41. When the limiting ring 23 contacts the fixed ring 41, the pressure rod 22 stops moving upward, thereby limiting the upward stroke of the pressure rod 22 and preventing the pressure rod 22 from moving upward too much.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the coal and rock mass detection device in this embodiment also includes a housing 5, which includes a top plate 51, a bottom plate 52, and a protective cover 53. The protective cover 53 is disposed between the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 and is connected to the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 by bolts 54. The hydraulic press 21 is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 51, and the clamping block 11 below is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 52. The clamping mechanism 1, the second pressure applying mechanism 3, and the transmission mechanism 4 are all located inside the protective cover 53. The top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 of the housing 5 provide installation positions for the clamping mechanism 1, the first pressure applying mechanism 2, and the second pressure applying mechanism 3. The protective cover 53 is made of transparent material and will not affect the observation of the coal and rock mass 100 by the inspection personnel. The protective cover 53 can enclose the coal and rock mass 100 inside it. When the coal and rock mass 100 is crushed under pressure, the fragments will not fly outside the protective cover 53, thereby protecting the inspection personnel.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second pressure-applying mechanism 3 includes a first support 31, a mounting base 32, a wedge block 33, and a pusher 34. The first support 31 is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate 52, the mounting base 32 is disposed on top of the first support 31, the wedge block 33 is disposed inside the mounting base 32, one end of the connecting rod 42 is inserted into the interior of the mounting base 32, one end of the pusher 34 is located inside the mounting base 32 and connected to the wedge block 33, and the other end of the pusher 34 is located outside the mounting base 32 and can abut against the side of the coal and rock mass 100. The end of the connecting rod 42 is provided with a pressure block 43 for abutting against the wedge block 33. When the connecting rod 42 moves downward with the pressure rod 22, the pressure block 43 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 33 and generates compression. The wedge block 33 translates after being subjected to force. Since the pusher 34 is slidably disposed in the mounting base 32, the wedge block 33 pushes the pusher 34 to move towards the coal and rock mass 100 and applies a horizontal load to it.

[0029] Furthermore, the mounting base 32 is equipped with a first spring 35, which is sleeved on the surface of the push column 34. One end of the first spring 35 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting base 32, and the wedge block 33 can abut against the other end of the first spring 35. When the pressure block 43 contacts the wedge block 33, it will move closer to the first spring 35. After the wedge block 33 contacts the first spring 35, the elastic force of the first spring 35 makes the wedge block 33 move more smoothly. Thus, when the push column 34 contacts the coal and rock mass 100, the horizontal load applied by the push column 34 to the coal and rock mass 100 gradually increases rather than producing a sudden impact, thereby achieving effective control of the load application process.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the coal and rock mass detection device in this embodiment also includes a third pressure-applying mechanism 6. The third pressure-applying mechanism 6 includes a hydraulic pipe 61, a hydraulic push rod 62, and a second support 63. The two ends of the hydraulic pipe 61 are connected to the hydraulic press 21 and the hydraulic push rod 62, respectively. The second support 63 is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate 52 and connected to the hydraulic push rod 62. The hydraulic push rod 62 and the push column 34 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the coal and rock mass 100. The third pressure-applying mechanism 6 can apply a horizontal load to the coal and rock mass 100 from another direction. The third pressure-applying mechanism 6 works together with the second pressure-applying mechanism 5 to more accurately simulate the actual stress state of the coal and rock mass 100. The power source of the third pressure-applying mechanism 6 is also the hydraulic press 21 in the first pressure-applying mechanism 2, which greatly reduces the complexity of the device. Moreover, the first pressure-applying mechanism 2, the second pressure-applying mechanism 3, and the third pressure-applying mechanism 6 can operate synchronously to achieve multi-directional synchronous loading of the load on the coal and rock mass 100.

[0031] In this embodiment, the hydraulic push rod 62 and the push column 34 are parallel to each other but set at different heights, so as to better apply shear force to the coal and rock mass 100.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping block 11 includes a fixed base 111 and a rotating block 112. The rotating block 112 is semi-cylindrical, and an arc-shaped groove 113 is provided on the side of the two clamping blocks 11 that are close to each other. The rotating block 112 is rotatably disposed in the arc-shaped groove 113. By adjusting its positional relationship with the fixed base 111, the rotating block 112 can change the inclination angle of the coal and rock mass 100, thereby enabling the application of loads to the coal and rock mass 100 at various placement angles, and allowing for a more comprehensive detection of the coal and rock mass 100.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the clamping mechanism 1 also includes a limiting component 12, which includes a sliding bar 121 and a locking member 122. The sliding bar 121 is disposed on one side of the arc surface of the rotating block 112, and the locking member 122 is inserted into the interior of the fixed base 111 and can selectively connect with the sliding bar 121. The sliding bar 121 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 112. When the locking member 122 is connected to the sliding bar 121, the sliding bar 121 can no longer move, thereby fixing the angle of the rotating block 112.

[0034] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the sliding bar 121 includes a connecting bar 1211 and a rack 1212. The connecting bar 1211 is connected to the rotating block 112. The rack 1212 is disposed on the surface of the connecting bar 1211. The locking member 122 includes a locking post 1221, a pressure plate 1222, a second spring 1223, a fixing plate 1224, and a fastener 1225. One end of the locking post 1221 is provided with a locking tooth 1226 that can engage with the rack 1212. The pressure plate 1222 is disposed at the end of the locking post 1221 away from the locking tooth 1226. The second spring 1223 is sleeved on the surface of the locking post 1221. The fixing plate 1224 is disposed on the surface of the fixing seat 111. The fastener 1225 passes through the fixing plate 1224 and is connected to the fixing seat 111.

[0035] When the fastener 1225 is not connected to the fixed base 111, there is a gap between the fixed plate 1224 and the fixed base 111, and there is also a certain gap between the pressure plate 1222 and the locking pin 1221. At this time, under the action of the second spring 1223, the locking teeth 1226 at the end of the locking pin 1221 do not contact the rack 1212, and the rotating block 112 can rotate freely. After the setting angle of the rotating block 112 is determined, the fastener 1225 is tightened, the fixed plate 1224 and the fixed base 111 are in contact, the pressure plate 1222 overcomes the force of the second spring 1223, and pushes the locking pin 1221 closer to the sliding bar 121. The locking teeth 1226 contact and engage with the rack 1212, thereby locking the rotating block 112. When it is necessary to release the locking state of the rotating block 112, simply loosen the fastener 1225. Under the action of the second spring 1223, the locking pin 1221 moves away from the sliding bar 121, and the locking tooth 1226 automatically disengages from the rack 1212. The operation is very simple.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, furthermore, to facilitate the adjustment of the placement angle of the coal and rock mass 100, the top of the upper clamping block 11 is also provided with a sliding groove 114, and the lower end of the pressure rod 22 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 114. When the coal and rock mass 100 is placed, since the lower clamping block 11 is fixedly disposed on the base plate 52, the placement angle of the coal and rock mass 100 can also be adjusted by horizontally moving the upper clamping block 11. By cooperating with the angle adjustment of the rotating block 112, the placement angle of the coal and rock mass 100 can be adjusted more conveniently.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using a coal and rock mass detection device, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the coal and rock mass 100 on the surface of the clamping block 11 below, rotate the rotating block 112 of the two clamping blocks 11 to a preset angle, and then lock the rotating block 112 by the limiting component 12. S2. Start the hydraulic press 21 to lower the pressure rod 22. The upper clamping block 11 contacts the top of the coal and rock mass 100, and the coal and rock mass 100 is clamped and fixed between the two clamping blocks 11 and is squeezed. The lowered pressure rod 22 causes the push column 34 of the second pressure applying mechanism 3 to contact the side of the coal and rock mass 100 through the transmission mechanism 4, applying horizontal pressure to one side of the coal and rock mass 100. The hydraulic press 21 causes the hydraulic push rod 62 of the third pressure applying mechanism 6 to extend, applying horizontal pressure to the other side of the coal and rock mass 100. S3. Observe and record the state of the coal and rock mass after it is subjected to stress.

[0038] The coal and rock mass detection device in this embodiment is easy to operate. It uses a hydraulic press 21 as the only power source, and the first pressure applying mechanism 2, the second pressure applying mechanism 3 and the third pressure applying mechanism 6 operate synchronously to achieve synchronous pressure on the coal and rock mass in more than 100 directions.

[0039] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coal and rock mass detection device, characterized in that, The device includes a clamping mechanism, a first pressure-applying mechanism, a second pressure-applying mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes two clamping blocks spaced apart in a vertical direction, with the coal and rock mass disposed between the two clamping blocks. The first pressure-applying mechanism is connected to the top surface of the upper clamping block and applies a vertically downward pressure to the upper clamping block. The second pressure-applying mechanism is connected to the first pressure-applying mechanism through the transmission mechanism. The first pressure-applying mechanism is disposed on the side of the coal and rock mass to apply a horizontal pressure to the coal and rock mass.

2. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-applying mechanism includes a hydraulic press and a pressure rod. The pressure rod passes through the hydraulic press and is connected to the clamping block above it. The transmission mechanism includes a fixed ring and a connecting rod. The fixed ring is sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the fixed ring and the second pressure-applying mechanism.

3. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a housing, which includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and a protective cover. The protective cover is disposed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The hydraulic press is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate, and the clamping block below is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The clamping mechanism, the second pressure applying mechanism, and the transmission mechanism are all located inside the protective cover.

4. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second pressure-applying mechanism includes a first support, a mounting base, a wedge block, and a pusher. The first support is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate, the mounting base is disposed on the top of the first support, the wedge block is disposed inside the mounting base, one end of the connecting rod is inserted into the interior of the mounting base, one end of the pusher is located inside the mounting base and connected to the wedge block, and the other end of the pusher is located outside the mounting base and can abut against the side of the coal and rock mass.

5. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting base is equipped with a first spring inside, which is sleeved on the surface of the push post. One end of the first spring is connected to the inner wall of the mounting base, and the wedge block can abut against the other end of the first spring.

6. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a third pressure-applying mechanism, which includes a hydraulic pipe, a hydraulic push rod, and a second support. The two ends of the hydraulic pipe are connected to the hydraulic press and the hydraulic push rod, respectively. The second support is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate and connected to the hydraulic push rod. The hydraulic push rod and the push column are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the coal and rock mass.

7. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping block includes a fixed base and a rotating block. The rotating block is semi-cylindrical. An arc-shaped groove is provided on one side of the two clamping blocks that are close to each other. The rotating block is rotatably disposed in the arc-shaped groove.

8. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism further includes a limiting component, which includes a sliding bar and a locking member. The sliding bar is disposed on one side of the arc surface of the rotating block, and the locking member is inserted into the interior of the fixed base and can be selectively connected to the sliding bar.

9. The coal and rock mass detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sliding bar includes a connecting bar and a rack. The connecting bar is connected to the rotating block. The rack is disposed on the surface of the connecting bar. The locking member includes a locking post, a pressure plate, a second spring, a fixing plate, and a fastener. One end of the locking post is provided with a locking tooth that can engage with the rack. The pressure plate is disposed at the end of the locking post away from the locking tooth. The second spring is sleeved on the surface of the locking post. The fixing plate is disposed on the surface of the fixing seat. The fastener passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the fixing seat.

10. A method of using a coal and rock mass detection device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the coal and rock mass on the surface of the clamping block below, rotate the rotating block of the two clamping blocks to the preset angle, and then lock the rotating block through the limiting component. S2. Start the hydraulic press to lower the pressure bar. The upper clamping block contacts the top of the coal and rock mass, and the coal and rock mass is clamped and fixed between the two clamping blocks and is squeezed. The lowered pressure bar, through the transmission mechanism, causes the push column of the second pressure applying mechanism to contact the side of the coal and rock mass, applying horizontal pressure to one side of the coal and rock mass. The hydraulic press causes the hydraulic push rod of the third pressure applying mechanism to extend, applying horizontal pressure to the other side of the coal and rock mass. S3. Observe and record the state of the coal and rock mass after it is subjected to stress.

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