Polysaccharide extraction method based on desert cistanche

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction, and particularly discloses a desert cistanche-based polysaccharide extraction method, which comprises the following steps: pretreating desert cistanche to obtain desert cistanche powder; adding water into the desert cistanche deserticola powder to infiltrate, adding ethanol, oscillating, carrying out first ultrasonic extraction after the oscillation is ended, centrifuging, pouring out supernate, carrying out post-treatment on precipitate, adding water, carrying out second ultrasonic extraction, cooling to room temperature after the second ultrasonic extraction is ended, and filtering; adding water into the filter residue for third ultrasonic extraction, cooling to room temperature after the third ultrasonic extraction is finished, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate; and mixing the two filtrates, and adding water to a constant volume to obtain the desert cistanche deserticola polysaccharide extract. According to the method, an ultrasonic-assisted method is adopted on the basis of a water extraction process, and meanwhile, by optimizing the material-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature parameters, the extraction rate and purity of desert cistanche deserticola polysaccharide are improved, and the extraction process is simplified.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction, in particular to a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing awareness of health, the demand for natural medicines and functional foods continues to rise, and the bioactive ingredients in natural products have become the focus of attention. Polysaccharides are a kind of biological macromolecules existing in nature, which can be divided into animal and plant polysaccharides and fungal polysaccharides according to their sources. They play a key role in many aspects and have great potential for development in the fields of medicine, food, cosmetics, etc.

[0003] Polysaccharides are high-molecular-weight carbohydrates composed of sugar chains linked by glycosidic bonds, usually consisting of at least 10 monosaccharides. From the perspective of source, they can be divided into animal and plant polysaccharides and fungal polysaccharides. Animal polysaccharides mainly include glycogen, chitin, chondroitin sulfate, heparin, and keratin sulfate. Plant polysaccharides are mainly starch, pectin, cellulose, and poly-saccharides. Compared with animal and fungal polysaccharides, plant polysaccharides are relatively easy to extract and have a higher extraction rate. In recent years, it has been found that polysaccharides extracted from natural organisms have the advantages of safety, high efficiency, low toxicity, low cost, and good biocompatibility, and can assist in the treatment of various diseases and have a positive effect on physical health. Numerous studies have shown that plant polysaccharides have multiple active functions in immune regulation, antioxidant, anti-tumor, blood glucose and lipid-lowering, neuroprotection, and improvement of intestinal microecology.

[0004] Desert Cistanche, belonging to the genus Cistanche of the family Orobanchaceae, is also known as Dayi and Cistanche, and is a perennial parasitic herb that mainly parasitizes the roots of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. It is suitable for growing in areas with dry climate, low rainfall, high evaporation, and long sunshine hours, and the soil is mainly gray-brown desert soil and brown desert soil. As a rare plant, it contains rich active ingredients such as phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, lignan glycosides, mannitol, betaine, and oligosaccharides. Modern pharmacology has proven that it has rich functions such as anti-liver injury, anti-tumor, anti-virus, blood glucose-lowering, anti-coagulation, and antioxidant, and immune regulation. It is known as "desert ginseng" due to its high medicinal value. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of living conditions, people have paid more and more attention to health preservation, and the application of desert Cistanche in the fields of medicine, health care, and food has been expanding, leading to an increasing demand for it. As one of the components of Cistanche, polysaccharides have the functions of regulating immune activity, anti-aging, and anti-tumor, and have high research value.

[0005] However, the current desert Cistanche polysaccharide extraction process still has many problems, such as low extraction rate, low purity, complex process and the like, which seriously affect its large-scale development and utilization.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche, so as to solve the problems of low extraction rate, low purity and complex process in the traditional polysaccharide extraction method of desert Cistanche. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche, so as to solve the problems of low extraction rate, low purity and complex process in the traditional polysaccharide extraction method of desert Cistanche.

[0008] The present application provides a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche, comprising the following preparation steps: The desert Cistanche is pretreated to obtain desert Cistanche powder; After the desert Cistanche powder is soaked in water, ethanol is added, and oscillation is performed to obtain a first mixture; The first mixture is subjected to first ultrasonic extraction, and after centrifugation, the supernatant is discarded, and the precipitate is subjected to post-treatment, then water is added, and second ultrasonic extraction is performed, and after cooling to room temperature, filtration is performed to obtain filter residue and first filtrate; The filter residue is added with water for third ultrasonic extraction, and after cooling to room temperature, filtration is performed to obtain second filtrate; The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, and water is added to constant volume to obtain desert Cistanche polysaccharide extract.

[0009] Further, the ratio of the precipitate to water is 1: (10-50).

[0010] Further, the power of the first ultrasonic extraction is 480W, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30℃.

[0011] Further, the power of the second ultrasonic extraction and the third ultrasonic extraction is 480W, the ultrasonic time is 30-110 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30-70℃.

[0012] Further, the pretreatment specifically comprises: slicing the desert Cistanche, naturally air-drying, and then grinding to pass through a 40-mesh sieve.

[0013] Further, the centrifugation speed is 4000r / min, and the centrifugation time is 10 min.

[0014] Further, the post-treatment specifically comprises: adding an ethanol solution to the precipitate, and then centrifuging at 4000r / min for 10 min.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: The present application adopts ultrasonic auxiliary method on the basis of water extraction process, and improves the extraction rate and purity of desert Cistanche polysaccharide while simplifying the extraction process by optimizing the parameters of material-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a description of the preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals are intended to denote the same components throughout the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A polysaccharide extraction method flowchart based on desert Cistanche provided for the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 A line graph of the influence of material-liquid ratio on the content of crude desert Cistanche polysaccharide provided for the embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 A line graph of the influence of extraction time on the content of desert Cistanche polysaccharide provided for the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 A line graph of the influence of temperature on the content of desert Cistanche polysaccharide provided for the embodiments of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be accurately conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0018] Desert Cistanche, belonging to Cistanche genus under the family of Orobanchaceae, is a perennial parasitic herb, mainly parasitizing on Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria sibirica and other plants. It is suitable for growing in the area with dry climate, less rainfall, large evaporation and long sunshine hours, and the main soil types are gray-brown desert soil and brown desert soil. As a rare plant, it contains rich active ingredients such as phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, lignan glycosides, mannitol, betaine, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacology proves that it has rich effects such as anti-liver injury, anti-tumor, anti-virus, hypoglycemic, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation and immune regulation. It is known as "desert ginseng" because of its high medicinal value. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of living conditions, people pay more and more attention to health preservation, and the application of desert Cistanche in the fields of medicine, health care and food is expanding, leading to the increasing demand for it. As one of the components of Cistanche, polysaccharide has high research value because of its effects such as regulating immune activity, anti-aging and anti-tumor. However, there are still many problems in the extraction process of desert Cistanche polysaccharide, such as low extraction rate, low purity and complex process, which seriously affect its large-scale development and utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to design a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche to solve the problems of low extraction rate, low purity and complex process in the traditional polysaccharide extraction method of desert Cistanche.

[0019] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments of the present application, a polysaccharide extraction method based on desert Cistanche includes the following preparation steps: The desert Cistanche is pretreated to obtain desert Cistanche powder; After the desert Cistanche powder is soaked with water, ethanol is added, and the mixture is shaken to obtain a first mixture; The first mixture is subjected to first ultrasonic extraction, and after the extraction is completed, centrifugation is performed, the supernatant is discarded, and the precipitate is subjected to post-treatment, then water is added, and second ultrasonic extraction is performed. After the extraction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature, filtered to obtain filter residue and first filtrate; The filter residue is added with water for third ultrasonic extraction, and after the extraction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature, filtered to obtain second filtrate; The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, and water is added to make up the volume to obtain desert Cistanche polysaccharide extract.

[0020] Specifically, the desert Cistanche is produced in Wulate Banner, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

[0021] Specifically, when the desert Cistanche powder is soaked with water and then added with ethanol, the ethanol is anhydrous ethanol, and the solid-liquid ratio of the desert Cistanche powder to anhydrous ethanol is 1:20 (g / ml), and the solid-liquid ratio of the desert Cistanche powder to water is 1:5 (g / ml).

[0022] Specifically, when vibrating, a vortex oscillator is used for oscillation, and the setting parameters of the vortex oscillator are as follows: 1500 rpm, 4 times of point touch, 20 s each time, until the mixture is uniform.

[0023] Specifically, the desert Cistanche powder is transferred into a triangular flask with a plug, water is added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 (g / ml) to fully soak the desert Cistanche powder, then anhydrous ethanol is added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g / ml), the plug is covered, and the vortex oscillator is set to vibrate to obtain a first mixture; the plug is removed and replaced with a plastic wrap, and the mixture is placed in an ultrasonic cleaner to perform a first ultrasonic extraction; after the first ultrasonic extraction is completed, the liquid is poured into a centrifuge tube, and the liquid is centrifuged to remove the supernatant; the precipitate is transferred to a triangular flask with a plug, water is added, and a second extraction is performed in an ultrasonic extractor; after the second extraction is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, and a filtration device is connected to filter the mixture to obtain filter residue and a first filtrate; the first filtrate is transferred to a volumetric flask, and the filter residue is transferred to a triangular flask with a plug, water is added, and a third extraction is performed in an ultrasonic extractor; after the third extraction is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, and a filtration device is connected to filter the mixture to obtain filter residue and a second filtrate; the second filtrate is transferred to a volumetric flask, mixed with the first filtrate, and diluted with water to a volume of 250 ml.

[0024] It can be understood that the present application uses an ultrasonic auxiliary method on the basis of a water extraction process, and simultaneously optimizes the solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time, and ultrasonic temperature parameters to improve the extraction rate and purity of desert Cistanche polysaccharides and simplify the extraction process.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the solid-liquid ratio of the precipitate to water is 1: (10-50).

[0026] Specifically, the solid-liquid ratio of the precipitate to water is 1: (10-50) (g / ml), and preferably 1:20 (g / ml).

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the power of the first ultrasonic extraction is 480 W, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30°C.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the power of the second ultrasonic extraction and the third ultrasonic extraction is 480 W, the ultrasonic time is 30-110 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30-70°C; preferably, the ultrasonic time is 70 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 60°C.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the pretreatment specifically includes the following steps: the desert Cistanche is sliced and naturally air-dried, and then ground to pass through a 40-mesh sieve.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the centrifugation speed is 4000 r / min, and the centrifugation time is 10 min. Specifically, the distillation is performed by using a packed rectification column.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the post-treatment is specifically as follows: after adding an ethanol solution into the precipitate, centrifugation is performed at 4000 r / min for 10 min.

[0032] Specifically, the ethanol solution is an 80% ethanol solution.

[0033] Example 1 S1, after natural air-drying of the desert Cistanche slices, the powder is ground through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain desert Cistanche powder; 1 g of the desert Cistanche powder is transferred into a 50-ml triangular flask, 5 ml of water is first added for soaking, and then 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol is poured in. After the stopper is tightly closed, the triangular flask is placed on an open vortex shaker, and vortex oscillation is performed at a speed of 1500 rpm, with 4 times of tapping, each time for 20 s, until the mixture is uniformly mixed. S2, the stopper is pulled out and replaced with a plastic wrap, and the triangular flask is placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for extraction at a power of 480 W for 30 min. S3, after the end, the extract is poured into a centrifuge tube, and the centrifuge is set at a speed of 4000 r / min for centrifugation for 10 min, and the supernatant is poured out. 10 mL of 80% ethanol solution is added to the precipitate for washing, and centrifugation is performed again at 4000 r / min. S4, after the end, the bottom precipitate is transferred into a triangular flask with a stopper, water is added according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (g / ml), ultrasonic extraction is performed in an ultrasonic extractor at 480 W and 30°C for 30 min, and after the end, the temperature is cooled to room temperature. The filter device is connected for filtration, the liquid in the filter bottle is transferred into a 250-ml volumetric flask, the residue on the filter paper is transferred into a triangular flask with a stopper, water is added according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (g / ml), ultrasonic extraction is performed in an ultrasonic extractor at 480 W and 30°C for 30 min, and after the end, the temperature is cooled to room temperature. The filter device is connected for filtration, and the filtrate is transferred into a 250-ml volumetric flask and mixed with the filtrate obtained last time. Water is added to make up to 250 ml, and a desert Cistanche polysaccharide extract is obtained.

[0034] Example 2 S1, after natural air-drying of the desert Cistanche slices, the powder is ground through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain desert Cistanche powder; 1 g of the desert Cistanche powder is transferred into a 50-ml triangular flask, 5 ml of water is first added for soaking, and then 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol is poured in. After the stopper is tightly closed, the triangular flask is placed on an open vortex shaker, and vortex oscillation is performed at a speed of 1500 rpm, with 4 times of tapping, each time for 20 s, until the mixture is uniformly mixed. S2, pull out the plug to use the fresh-keeping film, put the triangular bottle into the ultrasonic cleaner, extract for 30 minutes at 480W power; S3, after the end, pour the extract into the centrifuge tube, set the centrifuge speed to 4000 r / min, centrifuge for 10 min, pour out the supernatant, add 10 mL 80% ethanol solution to the precipitate, and centrifuge again at 4000 r / min; S4, after the end, transfer the bottom precipitate to a triangular bottle with a plug, add water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g / ml), ultrasonic extraction at 480W, 60℃ for 70 minutes, cool to room temperature after the end, connect the filtration device for filtration, transfer the liquid in the filter bottle to a 250 mL volumetric flask, transfer the residue on the filter paper to a triangular bottle with a plug, continue to add water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g / ml), ultrasonic extraction at 480W, 60℃ for 70 minutes, cool to room temperature after the end, connect the filtration device for filtration, transfer the filtrate to a 250 mL volumetric flask, mix with the filtrate obtained last time, add water to 250ml, and obtain the desert Cistanche polysaccharide extract.

[0035] Example 3 S1, dry the desert Cistanche slices in natural air, grind the powder through a 40 mesh sieve, and obtain desert Cistanche powder; Take 1g of desert Cistanche powder and transfer it to a 50ml triangular bottle, first add 5ml of water, then pour into 20ml of anhydrous ethanol, cover the plug, and place it on an open vortex shaker, rotate at 1500rpm, touch 4 times, each time for 20s, until the mixture is uniform; S2, pull out the plug to use the fresh-keeping film, put the triangular bottle into the ultrasonic cleaner, extract for 30 minutes at 480W power; S3, after the end, pour the extract into the centrifuge tube, set the centrifuge speed to 4000 r / min, centrifuge for 10 min, pour out the supernatant, add 10 mL 80% ethanol solution to the precipitate, and centrifuge again at 4000 r / min; S4, after the end of the bottom of the precipitate was transferred to the triangular flask with a plug, according to the precipitate and water 1:50 (g / ml) feed liquid ratio of water, in the ultrasonic extractor 480W, 70℃ ultrasonic 110 minutes, after the end of cooling to room temperature, connected to the filter device for filtration, the liquid in the filter bottle was transferred to a 250 mL volumetric flask, the residue on the filter paper was transferred to a triangular flask with a plug and continued to add water according to the residue and water 1:50 (g / ml) feed liquid ratio, in the ultrasonic extractor 480W, 70℃ ultrasonic 110 minutes, after the end of cooling to room temperature, connected to the filter device for filtration, the filtrate was transferred to a 250 mL volumetric flask and mixed with the filtrate obtained last time, water was added to 250ml, and desert cistanche polysaccharide extract was obtained.

[0036] Effect test 1. Polysaccharide determination method: 0 mL, 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL, 0.8 mL, 1.0 mL of 100 mg / L standard glucose working solution was taken by volume, and transferred to a 20 mL stoppered test tube, and distilled water was added to 1.0 mL. 1.0 mL of phenol solution was added to each tube, and 5.0 mL of sulfuric acid was added vertically and quickly, and after standing for 10 min, the reaction solution was shaken uniformly, and then reacted in a 30℃ water bath for 20 min, and the absorbance was measured at 490 nm. The standard curve was prepared with glucose mass as the independent variable and absorbance value as the dependent variable.

[0037] 0.5 mL of polysaccharide extract sample prepared by the present application was taken in a 20 mL stoppered colorimetric tube, and distilled water was added to 1.0 mL. Repeat the steps of drawing the standard curve, and measure the absorbance at 490 nm. The results are calculated.

[0038] The calculation formula for determining the content of polysaccharide in desert cistanche is: .9 10⁻ 4 In the formula: m1 is the sugar content in the sample determination liquid obtained from the standard curve, in micrograms (μg); V1 is the sample volume, in milliliters (mL); m2 is the sample mass, in grams (g); V2 is the volume of the sample determination liquid taken for colorimetric determination, in (mL); 0.9 is the correction factor for converting glucose to glucan.

[0039] The calculation result is retained to two decimal places, and the unit is expressed as per hundred grams (g / 100g) 2. Single factor and orthogonal test were designed for the ratio of material to solvent, extraction time and ultrasonic temperature to obtain the optimal extraction parameters (1) Effect of the ratio of material to solvent on the polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche The remaining steps were unchanged, and the ratio of material to solvent in Example 2 was set to 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, and 1:50. The polysaccharide extract of desert Cistanche obtained was determined by the polysaccharide determination method, and the results were calculated.

[0040] The results are shown in Figure 2 The polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche was significantly affected by the ratio of material to solvent. When the ratio of material to solvent was increased to 1:30, the polysaccharide content was 6.17 g / 100 g, which was the maximum value at this level. This was because the polysaccharide could not be fully dissolved at the beginning, and as the ratio of material to solvent increased, the polysaccharide concentration difference in the extraction solution increased, which was more conducive to the dissolution of polysaccharide, thus increasing the polysaccharide content. When the ratio of material to solvent exceeded 1:30, the polysaccharide content decreased, because excessive water would cause other solutes to dissolve and impurities to increase, thereby affecting the polysaccharide content. Therefore, the ratio of material to solvent was selected as 1:20-1:40, which could ensure the full dissolution of polysaccharide and avoid the structural damage and impurity interference caused by excessive solvent.

[0041] (2) Effect of extraction time on the polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche The remaining steps were unchanged, and the ultrasonic extraction time in Example 2 was set to 30 min, 50 min, 70 min, 90 min, and 110 min. The polysaccharide extract of desert Cistanche obtained was determined by the polysaccharide determination method, and the results were calculated.

[0042] The results are shown in Figure 3 The polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche was significantly affected by the ratio of material to solvent. When the ratio of material to solvent was increased to 1:30, the polysaccharide content was 6.17 g / 100 g, which was the maximum value at this level. This was because the polysaccharide could not be fully dissolved at the beginning, and as the ratio of material to solvent increased, the polysaccharide concentration difference in the extraction solution increased, which was more conducive to the dissolution of polysaccharide, thus increasing the polysaccharide content. When the ratio of material to solvent exceeded 1:30, the polysaccharide content decreased, because excessive water would cause other solutes to dissolve and impurities to increase, thereby affecting the polysaccharide content. Therefore, the ratio of material to solvent was selected as 1:20-1:40, which could ensure the full dissolution of polysaccharide and avoid the structural damage and impurity interference caused by excessive solvent.

[0041] (2) Effect of extraction time on the polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche The remaining steps were unchanged, and the ultrasonic extraction time in Example 2 was set to 30 min, 50 min, 70 min, 90 min, and 110 min. The polysaccharide extract of desert Cistanche obtained was determined by the polysaccharide determination method, and the results were calculated.

[0042] The results are shown in Figure 3 The polysaccharide content of desert Cistanche was significantly affected by the ratio of material to solvent. When the ratio of material to solvent was increased to 1:30, the polysaccharide content was 6.17 g / 100 g, which was the maximum value at this level. This was because the polysaccharide could not be fully dissolved at the beginning, and as the ratio of material to solvent increased, the polysaccharide concentration difference in the extraction solution increased, which was more conducive to the dissolution of polysaccharide, thus increasing the polysaccharide content. When the ratio of material to solvent exceeded 1:30, the polysaccharide content decreased, because excessive water would cause other solutes to dissolve and impurities to increase, thereby affecting the polysaccharide content. Therefore, the ratio of material to solvent was selected as 1:20-1:40, which could ensure the full dissolution of polysaccharide and avoid the structural damage and impurity interference caused by excessive solvent.

[0043] (3) The rest of the steps remain unchanged, the ultrasonic temperature gradient in Example 2 is set to 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, and the desert Cistanche polysaccharide extract obtained is determined by the polysaccharide determination method, and the results are calculated.

[0044] The results are shown in Figure 4 As the temperature rises, the molecular motion becomes faster and the dissolution efficiency of the extract is continuously improved. When the temperature is 50℃, the maximum polysaccharide content is 5.34g / 100g. With the continuous increase of temperature, the hydrogen bond and other structures of the glycosidic bond are destroyed, resulting in the change of macromolecules into small molecular fragments or even monosaccharides, thereby reducing the polysaccharide content. At the same time, high temperature will also affect the rate of enzymatic reaction, when the enzyme activity decreases, the polysaccharide extraction rate will also decrease accordingly, so 40-60℃ is the suitable ultrasonic temperature range, which not only ensures the extraction rate of polysaccharide but also avoids the destruction of polysaccharide structure by high temperature.

[0045] (4) Orthogonal experimental design Based on the results of single factor experiment, the best level range of three key factors of solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and ultrasonic temperature is selected, then the L9(34) orthogonal experiment table is listed, and the three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment is carried out, so as to obtain the optimal process of desert Cistanche polysaccharide extraction. The test factors and levels are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1 Three-factor three-level orthogonal table

[0047] Each group of experiments sets three parallel experiments, and the results are shown in Table 2: Table 3.2 Orthogonal experiment and results

[0048] As shown in Table 2, by carrying out orthogonal experiment and data processing, the influence of three factors on the content of desert Cistanche polysaccharide can be judged by k value and range R, and the optimal combination level of each factor is determined. The results show that the range R value of ultrasonic temperature is the largest, which indicates that this factor has the most significant influence on the extraction amount of polysaccharide; then is the solid-liquid ratio of desert Cistanche sample powder and water; finally is the extraction time. The optimal level value is A1B3C3, that is, when the ultrasonic temperature reaches 60℃, 1:20 water is added to the desert Cistanche powder, and the extraction time is set to 70min. Compared with other experimental combinations, this parameter setting significantly improves the polysaccharide extraction efficiency, and provides scientific process parameter basis for the industrialized extraction of desert Cistanche polysaccharide.

[0049] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for extracting polysaccharides from desert Cistanche, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The desert cistanche is pretreated to obtain desert cistanche powder; The desert cistanche powder is soaked in water and then in ethanol, and oscillated to obtain a first mixture; The first mixture is subjected to first ultrasonic extraction, and then centrifuged to remove supernatant, and the precipitate is subjected to post-treatment, and then subjected to second ultrasonic extraction, and then cooled to room temperature, filtered to obtain filter residue and first filtrate; The filter residue is subjected to third ultrasonic extraction, and then cooled to room temperature, filtered to obtain second filtrate; The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, and then diluted with water to obtain desert cistanche polysaccharide extract.

2. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the precipitate to water is 1: (10-50).

3. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the power of the first ultrasonic extraction is 480 W, the ultrasonic time is 30 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30°C.

4. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 3, wherein the power of the second ultrasonic extraction and the third ultrasonic extraction is 480 W, the ultrasonic time is 30-110 minutes, and the ultrasonic temperature is 30-70°C.

5. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 4, wherein the pretreatment specifically comprises slicing the desert cistanche, naturally air-drying, and then grinding to pass through a 40-mesh sieve.

6. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 5, wherein the centrifugation is performed at a speed of 4000 r / min for 10 minutes.

7. The desert cistanche polysaccharide extraction method according to claim 6, wherein the post-treatment specifically comprises adding an ethanol solution to the precipitate, and then centrifuging at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Images