Cultivation method for metamorphosis development of shell shrimp larvae in industrial aquaculture workshop

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and discloses an industrial aquaculture workshop shell shrimp larva metamorphosis development cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: S1, when zoeae enters a metamorphosis development critical window, carrying out hypotonic period stress pretreatment on an aquaculture water body; s2, changing the water body, and adding a water body environment synchronous inducer composed of an ecdysone synthesis key precursor, a GABAergic nerve inhibitor and a chitin synthesis unit at one time; s3, then forcibly stopping feeding the larvae, and then feeding fortified baits; s4, after the larvae are intensively metamorphosed and developed into opossum shrimp larvae, changing a large amount of water to reset the culture environment. Through combination of environmental factor pretreatment, physiological function pulse type induction and a specific nutrition recovery strategy, accurate regulation and control of the larva metamorphosis process are achieved, metamorphosis development synchronism is remarkably improved, the cultivation period is shortened, and the survival rate is remarkably increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a cultivation method for metamorphosis development of shellfish larvae in a factory breeding workshop. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of marine fishing object with important economic value, the market demand of P. monodon is increasing, and the artificial breeding technology is also developing. Factory breeding is the key link to realize the large-scale and intensive production of P. monodon. In the early life history of P. monodon, the metamorphosis development from the zoea larva to the mysis larva is a key stage with dramatic physiological and morphological changes. The success of this stage directly determines the overall success or failure of the breeding production.

[0003] In the existing factory breeding practice, a common technical problem is that the zoea larva population of the same batch of P. monodon cannot realize synchronous metamorphosis development. This non-synchronization of development is a natural phenomenon in the development of crustacean larvae, but its negative effects are significantly amplified in the high-density factory breeding environment. Due to the differences in the time points of different individuals in the population entering the metamorphosis development stage, there are larvae at different development stages such as pre-metamorphosis, metamorphosis, and completed metamorphosis in the breeding pond at the same time. This dispersion of development process brings great complexity to production management, such as difficulty in determining the optimal specification and timing of feeding bait, and water quality regulation is also difficult to optimize due to the metabolic demand differences of larvae at different stages.

[0004] More seriously, the size difference caused by the asynchronous development of individuals is the main reason for the mutual cannibalism among larvae. The individuals that complete metamorphosis earlier and are larger in size will actively attack and prey on individuals that are still in the molting stage or are smaller in size, which is a decisive factor for the long-term low survival rate in the process of factory breeding of P. monodon. In addition, due to the need to wait for the slow and sequential completion of metamorphosis by the vast majority of individuals in the population, the entire cultivation cycle is unnecessarily prolonged, which not only reduces the turnover rate and utilization efficiency of breeding facilities, but also increases the production costs of energy, manpower, etc. Therefore, how to effectively intervene in the metamorphosis development process of P. monodon zoea larvae to solve the problems of asynchronous development, low survival rate, and long cultivation cycle, etc. is a technical bottleneck that needs to be solved in this field. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a cultivation method for metamorphosis development of shellfish larvae in a factory breeding workshop, which solves the problems of asynchronous metamorphosis development of P. monodon zoea larvae, long cultivation cycle, and low survival rate in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: The present application provides a cultivation method for metamorphosis development of juvenile crustacean in a factory breeding workshop, and the specific technical solutions provided by the present application include the following steps: S1, when the Macrobrachium Nana larvae in the breeding water body enter a metamorphosis development critical window, the breeding water body is subjected to low-osmotic stress and photoperiod stress pretreatment; S2, after the step S1, the breeding water body is subjected to water change, and then a water body environment synchronous inducer composed of an ecdysone synthesis key precursor, a GABAergic nerve inhibitor and a chitin synthesis unit is added at one time; S3, after the step S2, the Macrobrachium Nana larvae are forced to stop feeding, and then the larvae are fed with reinforced feed; S4, when the Macrobrachium Nana larvae collectively complete metamorphosis development into TALITUS larvae, the breeding water body is subjected to a large amount of water change to reset the breeding environment.

[0007] As a specific embodiment, the judgment standard of the metamorphosis critical window in the step S1 is that the proportion of the Macrobrachium Nana larvae in which the old cuticle and the new cuticle are separated in the random larva sample reaches 12.0%-15.0%.

[0008] As a specific embodiment, the low-osmotic stress and photoperiod stress pretreatment in the step S1 includes reducing the salinity of the breeding water body from 30.0‰-32.0‰ to 27.0‰-29.0‰, and using the photoperiod treatment of 15-17 hours of light and 7-9 hours of darkness, and the light intensity in the photoperiod treatment is 600-900 lux.

[0009] As a specific embodiment, the water body environment synchronous inducer in the step S2 is a mother liquor, wherein 1000 mL of the mother liquor contains the following components: The ecdysone synthesis key precursor is a compound of 7-dehydrocholesterol with a dosage of 0.5-1.0 g and phytocyclin with a dosage of 0.1-0.2 g; the GABAergic nerve inhibitor is γ-aminobutyric acid with a dosage of 150-200 g; and the chitin synthesis unit is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine with a dosage of 200-250 g.

[0010] As a specific embodiment, the water body environment synchronous inducer further contains taurine as a cell osmotic pressure stabilizer, and the dosage of the taurine is 80-120 g.

[0011] As a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the water body environment synchronous inducer includes: The 7-dehydrocholesterol and the plant ecdysone are dissolved in 180-220 mL of anhydrous ethanol to obtain an oil phase, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine are dissolved in water to obtain an aqueous phase, and finally the oil phase is injected into the aqueous phase under stirring to form an oil-in-water emulsion.

[0012] As a specific embodiment, the specific operation parameters in the S2 step are as follows: The water exchange amount of the water exchange is 50.0%±2.0% of the total volume of the water body, and the dosing dose of the water body environment synchronous inducer is 0.8-1.2 mL / m 3 .

[0013] As a specific embodiment, the time of forced fasting in the S3 step is 12.0±0.5 hours.

[0014] As a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the reinforced bait in the S3 step is as follows: 0.5-0.8 g of highly unsaturated fatty acid reinforced emulsion and 0.2-0.4 g of phosphatidylcholine are added per liter of purified seawater to prepare a reinforced liquid, and then the brine shrimp nauplii are placed in the reinforced liquid for 8-12 hours of reinforcement.

[0015] As a specific embodiment, the water exchange amount of the large amount of water exchange in the S4 step is 80.0%-90.0% of the total volume of the water body.

[0016] The present application provides a cultivation method for metamorphosis development of juvenile crustaceans in a factory breeding workshop. 1、The present application can send a unified metamorphosis development start signal to the entire breeding population by applying low-osmotic photoperiod stress pretreatment to the copepodid larvae entering the metamorphosis critical window in step S1 and pulse feeding a water body environment synchronous inducer containing specific components in step S2. This combined regulation of environmental factors and physiological functions can make individuals reaching the development threshold in the population respond collectively, thereby significantly improving the synchrony of metamorphosis development of the brine shrimp copepodid larvae, so that more than half of the individuals can complete metamorphosis within 48 hours.

[0017] 2、The present application can standardize the operation for the entire batch by feeding reinforced bait in step S3 and performing large amount of water exchange in step S4, without the need for differentiated management of individuals at different development stages. This directly shortens the overall cultivation time of the juvenile from the copepodid stage to the brine shrimp stage, which can be shortened by an average of 3-5 days, thereby improving the turnover rate of the breeding facility.

[0018] 3、The present application reduces the activity and energy consumption of the larvae in the critical period of molting by setting a forced fasting stage in step S3, and avoids mutual attacks in a high activity state. After the metamorphosis of the larvae is completed in the group, the group size tends to be consistent, reducing the size disparity between individuals due to developmental stage differences. The combined effects of these two aspects effectively reduce the mutual cannibalism rate among larvae, significantly improving the survival rate during the cultivation process compared to traditional methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in a clear and complete manner. Obviously, the embodiments described in the description are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0020] The main raw materials and reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows, and the reagents not specifically described are commercially available analytical pure or higher grade products.

[0021] 7-Dehydrocholesterol: CAS No.: 434-16-2; Gamma-aminobutyric acid: CAS No.: 56-12-2; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine: CAS No.: 7512-17-6; Taurine: CAS No.: 107-35-7; Anhydrous ethanol: CAS No.: 64-17-5; Tween-80: CAS No.: 9005-65-6; Phosphatidylcholine: CAS No.: 8002-43-5.

[0022] Examples 1-3: Example 1: The present embodiment provides a method for cultivating the metamorphic development of larval caridean shrimp in a factory breeding workshop, and the specific steps are as follows: S1, low-osmotic photoperiod stress pretreatment: cultivate the mysis larvae of P. monodon under initial conditions. When it is observed that the proportion of P. monodon mysis larvae with old and new cuticles separated in the sample reaches 13.0%, it is determined that it has entered the metamorphic critical window. The salinity of the breeding water is gradually reduced from 31.0 ‰ to 28.0 ‰, and a cycle of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness is set, with the light intensity during the light period controlled at 750 lux.

[0023] S2, water change and induction: after the pretreatment of S1 step lasts for 24 hours, change water by 50.0%. After the completion of water change, add water environment synchronous inducer containing multiple components to the aquaculture water body at one time, so that the final concentration in the water body is: 7-dehydrocholesterol 0.75 μg / L, plant ecdysone 0.15 μg / L, γ-aminobutyric acid 175 μg / L, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 225 μg / L, taurine 100 μg / L. In order to achieve uniform dispersion, the above components are dissolved in anhydrous ethanol before use to dissolve the oil-soluble substances, and then emulsified with Tween-80 before mixing with water-soluble substances to prepare a mother liquor for addition.

[0024] S3, forced fasting and nutrition recovery: after the completion of S2 step, stop feeding any bait to all larvae for 12.0 hours of forced fasting. After the end of fasting, start feeding the enhanced bait. The enhanced bait is obtained by culturing newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii in an enhanced liquid containing 0.65 g / L highly unsaturated fatty acid enhanced emulsion and 0.3 g / L phosphatidylcholine for 10 hours.

[0025] S4, reset of the aquaculture environment: when it is observed that more than 90% of the larvae in the aquaculture pond have completed metamorphosis into brine shrimp larvae, perform a large water change on the aquaculture water body, with a water change amount of 85.0%, and enter the brine shrimp larva cultivation stage.

[0026] Example 2: S1, low-osmotic photoperiod stress pretreatment: when it is observed that the proportion of brine shrimp larvae with exuviae and new exuviae separation reaches 12.0% in the sample, it is determined that it enters the metamorphic critical window. The salinity of the aquaculture water body is gently reduced from 30.0 ‰ to 29.0 ‰, and a cycle of 15 hours of light and 9 hours of darkness is set, with the light intensity controlled at 600 lux.

[0027] S2, water change and induction: after the pretreatment of S1 step lasts for 24 hours, change water by 48.0%. After the completion of water change, add water environment synchronous inducer, so that the final concentration in the water body is: 7-dehydrocholesterol 0.60 μg / L, plant ecdysone 0.12 μg / L, γ-aminobutyric acid 140 μg / L, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 180 μg / L, taurine 80 μg / L.

[0028] S3, forced fasting and nutrition recovery: after the completion of S2 step, perform forced fasting for 11.5 hours. After the end of fasting, feed the enhanced bait prepared by the method of Example 1.

[0029] S4, reset of the aquaculture environment: when more than 90% of the larvae metamorphose into brine shrimp larvae, change water by 80.0%.

[0030] Example 3: S1. Low-permeability photoperiod stress pretreatment: When the proportion of tiger prawn zoea larvae with separation of old and new epidermis in the sample reached 15.0%, it was considered to have entered the critical window of metamorphosis. The salinity of the culture water was gradually reduced from 32.0‰ to 27.0‰, and a cycle of 17 hours of light and 7 hours of darkness was set, with the light intensity controlled at 900 lux.

[0031] S2, Water Exchange and Induction: After 24 hours of pretreatment in step S1, 52.0% of the water was exchanged. After the water exchange, aquatic environment synchronization inducers were added to achieve the following final concentrations in the water: 7-dehydrocholesterol 0.90 μg / L, phytoecdysone 0.18 μg / L, γ-aminobutyric acid 210 μg / L, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 270 μg / L, and taurine 120 μg / L.

[0032] S3. Forced Fasting and Nutritional Recovery: After step S2, a forced fasting period of 12.5 hours is implemented. After the fasting period, the fortified feed prepared according to the method in Example 1 is administered.

[0033] S4. Reset the breeding environment: When more than 90% of the larvae have metamorphosed into mysid larvae, change 90.0% of the water.

[0034] Comparative Examples 1-4: Comparative Example 1: This comparative study simulates conventional factory-style seedling production methods. The salinity was maintained at 31.0‰ throughout the rearing process, and natural light was used. Specific steps in S1, S2, and S3 were not performed, namely, no low-permeability photoperiod stress pretreatment, no addition of aquatic environment synchronization inducers, and no forced feeding. Only during the zoea larval stage were untreated Artemia nauplii fed throughout the entire rearing process.

[0035] Comparative Example 2: The only difference compared to Example 1 is that the low-permeability photoperiodic stress pretreatment in step S1 is not performed. When it is determined that the larvae have entered the critical window of metamorphosis, steps S2, S3 and S4 of Example 1 are directly performed, wherein the inducer components and final concentration added in step S2 and the fortified feed fed in step S3 are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0036] Comparative Example 3: The only difference from Example 1 is that, after step S1, the water exchange and aquatic environment synchronization inducer addition operations in step S2 are not performed. After S1, steps S3 and S4 of Example 1 are performed directly, and the fortified feed fed in step S3 is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 4: The only difference compared to Example 1 is that after the end of step S2, no forced fasting operation in step S3 is performed, but instead the enriched feed is continuously fed directly, the preparation of which is identical to Example 1. The remaining steps (S1, S2, S4) are identical to Example 1.

[0038] Test Example 1-2: The cultivation process and results of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-4 are monitored and data recorded to verify the effect of the present technical solution.

[0039] Test Example 1: Determination of metamorphosis synchronization rate: 48 hours after the execution of step S2 (addition of inducer or corresponding time point) in each experimental group, random sampling is performed from the aquaculture water body. The specific operation is as follows: using beakers, 200 mL of water samples are taken from the upper, middle and lower three layers of the aquaculture pond, and then mixed. From the mixed water sample, not less than 100 larvae are randomly sucked and placed in an observation dish, and morphological observation is performed under an inverted microscope. The number of individuals that have completely metamorphosed into the morphology of Mysis larvae and the total number of larvae in the sample are counted. The metamorphosis synchronization rate is calculated according to the following formula: Metamorphosis synchronization rate (%) = number of individuals that have metamorphosed into Mysis larvae / total number of larvae in the sample x 100%; Determination of cultivation period: the total time from the start of step S1 (or the corresponding starting time point of the comparative example) to the first time when the proportion of Mysis larvae in the aquaculture pond reaches and exceeds 90% is recorded. The unit of time is day (day). The proportion is determined by daily timed sampling and microscopic examination according to the method of section 4.1.1.

[0040] Determination of survival rate: at the beginning of the experiment, the total number of initially released copepodid larvae in each aquaculture pond is accurately recorded. After the completion of step S4 (massive water exchange), all the pond water is drained and all the surviving larvae are collected through a screen and counted. The survival rate is calculated according to the following formula: Survival rate (%) = total number of surviving larvae after step S4 / total number of initially released copepodid larvae x 100%; Test results: The data of the above test indicators of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-4 are summarized in the following table.

[0041] Table 1 Comparison of cultivation effect data of examples and comparative examples

[0042] Result analysis: The data in Table 1 shows that the technical solutions adopted in Examples 1-3 have obtained different results from the comparative group in terms of metamorphosis synchronization rate, cultivation cycle and survival rate. The low-osmotic photoperiod stress pretreatment step in Examples 1-3 applies a unified environmental signal to the entire larval population, and the subsequent addition of water environmental synchronization inducer provides a material basis for starting metamorphic development from a physiological level. The key precursors of ecdysone synthesis in the inducer directly participate in ecdysone synthesis, GABAergic nerve inhibitors reduce larval metabolic activity, and chitin synthesis units provide raw materials for new shell formation. The combination of these two steps makes the metamorphosis synchronization rate (87.6%-89.1%) of Examples 1-3 48 hours after Step S2 much higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-3 (21.3%-48.7%) which lack any of the key steps.

[0043] Due to the high concentration of larval metamorphic development process, subsequent production management operations can be simplified and standardized. The entire cultivation batch can simultaneously perform the forced fasting and nutrition recovery of Step S3 and the resetting of the breeding environment of Step S4. This consistency in operation allows the cultivation cycle of Examples 1-3 to complete the transformation from the larva stage to the brine shrimp larva stage (5.5-6.0 days) to be significantly shortened compared to Comparative Example 1 (10.5 days) and Comparative Examples 2-3 (8.0-9.0 days). The shortening of the cultivation cycle directly improves the utilization efficiency of the breeding facility per unit of time.

[0044] The improvement of survival rate by this technical solution is the result of the synergistic effect of multiple technical features. First, the development synchronization brought by Steps S1 and S2 makes the size of individuals in the population uniform, reducing mutual attacks caused by size differences. Second, the forced fasting in Step S3 allows the larvae to pass through the molting period in a state of minimal energy consumption, avoiding high activity and predatory behavior at this stage. The data of Comparative Example 4 (survival rate 61.4%) directly reflects the effect of the forced fasting step on reducing mortality compared to Example 1 (survival rate 78.2%). The fortified feed fed after fasting provides immediate energy and nutrition for vulnerable larvae completing metamorphosis, further reducing mortality thereafter.

[0045] Test Example 2: The cultivation process and results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were monitored and data recorded to verify the effectiveness of this technical solution.

[0046] Test Method: Determination of metamorphosis synchronization rate: 48 hours after performing S2 step (adding inducer or corresponding time point) in each experimental group, water samples were randomly taken from the culture water body. Specifically, 200 mL water samples were taken from the upper, middle and lower layers of the culture pond using beakers, mixed and then randomly taken 100 or more larvae from the mixed water sample and placed in an observation dish for morphological observation under an inverted microscope. The number of individuals that had completely metamorphosed into the morphology of T. azamiae larvae and the total number of larvae in the sample were counted. The metamorphosis synchronization rate was calculated according to the following formula: Metamorphosis synchronization rate (%) = number of metamorphosed T. azamiae larvae / total number of larvae in the sample x 100%; Determination of cultivation period: the total time from the start of S1 step (or the corresponding starting time point of the comparative examples) to the first time when the proportion of T. azamiae larvae in the culture pond reached and exceeded 90% was recorded. The unit of time was day. The proportion was determined by daily timed sampling and microscopic examination according to the method of section 4.1.1.

[0047] Determination of survival rate: the total number of initially released copepodid larvae in each culture pond was accurately recorded at the beginning of the experiment. After the completion of S4 step (massive water exchange), all the water in the pond was drained and all the surviving larvae were collected through a screen and counted. The survival rate was calculated according to the following formula: Survival rate (%) = total number of surviving larvae after S4 step / total number of initially released copepodid larvae x 100%; Test results: The data of each test index of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are summarized in the following table.

[0048] Table 2 Comparison of cultivation effect data of examples and comparative examples

[0049] Result analysis: The data in Table 2 shows that the technical solutions adopted in Examples 1-3 have different results in the three indicators of metamorphosis synchronization rate, cultivation period and survival rate from the comparative examples. The low-osmotic photoperiod stress pretreatment step in Examples 1-3 applies a unified environmental signal to the entire larval population, and the subsequent addition of water environment synchronous inducer provides a physiological basis for starting metamorphosis development. The key precursor for ecdysone synthesis in the inducer directly participates in ecdysone synthesis, the GABAergic nerve inhibitor reduces the metabolic activity of the larvae, and the chitin synthesis unit provides raw materials for the formation of new shells. The combination of these two steps makes the metamorphosis synchronization rate of Examples 1-3 (87.6%-89.1%) 48 hours after S2 step much higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-3 (21.3%-48.7%) which lack any of the key steps.

[0050] Due to the high degree of synchronization of the metamorphic development process, the subsequent production management operations can be simplified and standardized. The entire batch of cultivation can be subjected to forced fasting and nutritional recovery in S3 step, and the reset of the breeding environment in S4 step at the same time. This consistency in operation allows the cultivation cycle (5.5-6.0 days) of Examples 1-3 to complete the transformation of the larva into the T. azeca stage to be significantly shortened compared to Comparative Example 1 (10.5 days) and Comparative Examples 2-3 (8.0-9.0 days). The shortening of the cultivation cycle directly improves the utilization efficiency of the breeding facility per unit of time.

[0051] The improvement of survival rate in the technical solution is the result of the synergistic effect of multiple technical features. First, the development synchronization brought by S1 and S2 steps makes the size of individuals in the population uniform, reducing mutual attacks caused by size differences. Second, the forced fasting in S3 step allows the larvae to pass through the molting period in a state of minimum energy consumption, avoiding high activity and predatory behavior at this stage. The data of Comparative Example 4 (survival rate 61.4%) directly reflects the effect of the forced fasting step on reducing mortality compared to Example 1 (survival rate 78.2%). The intensified feed fed after fasting provides immediate energy and nutrition for the vulnerable larvae completing metamorphosis, further reducing mortality thereafter.

Claims

1. A method for rearing of metamorphosis of larval decapod crustaceans in a factory farming plant, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, when the Macrobrachium Naphobium larva in the breeding water enters the metamorphosis development critical window, the breeding water is pretreated by low-osmotic stress and photoperiod stress; S2, after step S1, the breeding water is changed and then the water environment synchronous inducer containing ecdysone synthesis key precursor, GABA nerve inhibitor and chitin synthesis unit is added at one time; S3, after step S2, the Macrobrachium Naphobium larva is forced to stop feeding, and then the enhanced feed is fed; S4, after the Macrobrachium Naphobium larva is concentrated to complete metamorphosis into a Mysis larva, the breeding water is changed in a large amount to reset the breeding environment.

2. The method for cultivating larval metamorphosis of shrimp in a factory-scale aquaculture workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the judgment standard of the metamorphosis critical window is that the proportion of the Macrobrachium Naphobium larva with the separation of old and new cuticle in the sample reaches 12.0%-15.0% by randomly taking the sample from the upper layer of the breeding water in a 500 mL beaker.

3. The method for cultivating larval metamorphosis of shrimp in a factory-scale aquaculture workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the low-osmotic stress and photoperiod stress pretreatment comprises reducing the salinity of the breeding water from 30.0-32.0 ‰ to 27.0-29.0 ‰, and using the photoperiod treatment of 15-17 hours of light and 7-9 hours of darkness, and the light intensity in the photoperiod treatment is 600-900 lux.

4. The method for cultivating larval metamorphosis of shrimp in a factory-scale aquaculture workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the water environment synchronous inducer is prepared into a 1000 mL mother liquor according to the following components: The ecdysone synthesis key precursor is a compound of 7-dehydrocholesterol with a dosage of 0.5-1.0 g and plant ecdysone with a dosage of 0.1-0.2 g; The GABA nerve inhibitor is γ-aminobutyric acid with a dosage of 150-200 g; The chitin synthesis unit is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine with a dosage of 200-250 g.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is performed in a hatchery. 5 The water environment synchronous inducer further comprises taurine as a cell osmotic pressure stabilizer, and the dosage of taurine is 80-120 g.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is performed in a hatchery. The preparation method of the water environment synchronous inducer comprises dissolving the 7-dehydrocholesterol and the plant ecdysone in 180-220 mL of anhydrous ethanol to obtain an oil phase, dissolving the γ-aminobutyric acid and the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in water to obtain an aqueous phase, and finally injecting the oil phase into the aqueous phase under stirring to form an oil-in-water emulsion.

7. The method for cultivating larval metamorphosis of shrimp in a factory-scale aquaculture workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the water exchange amount is 50.0%±2.0% of the total volume of the water body, and the dosing amount of the water body environment synchronous inducer is 0.8-1.2 mL / m 3 .

8. The factory-style hatchery metamorphic development rearing method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the forced stop feeding time is 12.0±0.5 hours.

9. The method for cultivating larval metamorphosis of shrimp in a factory-scale aquaculture workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the enhanced feed is prepared by adding 0.5-0.8 g of highly unsaturated fatty acid enhanced emulsion and 0.2-0.4 g of phosphatidylcholine in each liter of purified seawater to make an enhanced liquid, and then placing the Artemia nauplii in the enhanced liquid for 8-12 hours.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed in a hatchery facility. 10 In step S4, the water changing amount of the large amount of water changing is 80.0%-90.0% of the total volume of the breeding water.

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