Compound preservative for lycoris plant fresh cut flowers as well as preparation method and application of compound preservative

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant preservation, and particularly relates to a compound preservative for lycoris plant fresh cut flowers as well as a preparation method and application of the compound preservative. The compound preservative is prepared from the following effective components in mass concentration: 150 to 200mg / L of citric acid, 15 to 20g / L of cane sugar, 2 to 3g / L of calcium chloride, 1 to 2g / L of chitosan, 1 to 2ppm of nano-silver colloid and 3 to 5mg / L of gibberellin. According to the invention, the nano-silver colloid, the chitosan and the hormone are combined for post-harvest treatment of lycoris plant cut flowers for the first time; four functions of antibiosis, cell energy stabilization, nutrition supply and hormone regulation are integrated, a multi-factor synergistic mechanism is established, and then the postharvest preservation effect of the lycoris plant cut flowers is remarkably improved. Results of the embodiment show that the composite preservative can prolong the life of the lycoris plant cut flower vase to 6-8 days, the phenomena that the base part of the flower stem is curled and the petals are premature senility are obviously reduced, and the good ornamental value is maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of plant preservation, and particularly relates to a fresh-cut flower composite preservative for Lycoris, and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lycoris is a bulbous flower with beautiful flower shape and bright color, and is a bulbous flower with high ornamental value. Lycoris However, after being cut, the Lycoris flowers are prone to problems such as stem breakage, base cracking and curling, perishability and petal early decline, which seriously affect the commodity value. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a targeted composite preservative to effectively coordinate the postharvest physiological process of Lycoris plants, prolong the vase life and improve the ornamental value. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a fresh-cut flower composite preservative for Lycoris, and a preparation method and preservation method thereof.

[0004] The application provides a fresh-cut flower composite preservative for Lycoris, which comprises the following effective components in the mass concentration: 150-200 mg / L of citric acid, 15-20 g / L of sucrose, 2-3 g / L of calcium chloride, 1-2 g / L of chitosan, 1-2 ppm of nano-silver colloid and 3-5 mg / L of gibberellin.

[0005] As a preferred solution, the pH of the composite preservative is 4.0-4.5.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan is greater than or equal to 90%; and the particle size of the nano-silver colloid is 10-20 nm.

[0007] The application provides a preparation method of the composite preservative, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the gibberellin in ethanol, diluting the solution with water to obtain a gibberellin solution; dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; mixing the gibberellin solution with sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride, and then mixing the chitosan solution and nano-silver colloid, adjusting the pH to obtain the composite preservative.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the concentration of the ethanol is 70%-75%; and the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.5%-2%.

[0009] The application provides application of the composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the preparation method in preservation of stonecrop plants.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the stonecrop plants include at least one of Zephyranthes candida, Zephyranthes grandiflora and Zephyranthes rosea.

[0011] The application provides a preservation method for fresh-cut flowers of stonecrop plants, which comprises the following steps: within 30 minutes after harvesting, the flower stems of the stonecrop plants are immersed in the composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the preparation method to perform preservation treatment.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the immersion depth of the flower stems is 5-20 cm.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the preservation treatment mode comprises the following steps: after 0.5-2 hours of pre-preservation by using the composite preservative, the flower stems are placed in clean water or other preservatives. Or the flower stems are continuously preserved by using the composite preservative.

[0014] Beneficial effects: the application provides a composite preservative for fresh-cut flowers of stonecrop plants, which comprises the following mass concentrations of effective components: 150-200 mg / L of citric acid, 15-20 g / L of sucrose, 2-3 g / L of calcium chloride, 1-2 g / L of chitosan, 1-2 ppm of nano-silver colloid and 3-5 mg / L of gibberellin. The composite preservative for fresh-cut flowers of stonecrop plants provided by the application has the following synergistic effects: (1) maintaining water and structural stability: sucrose, chitosan, calcium chloride and gibberellin can regulate the photosynthesis of flower stems, enhance the stability of cell walls and prevent cracking or curling; (2) inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi: citric acid, chitosan and nano-silver have strong antibacterial effects, which can reduce bacterial infection of the flower stem base and petals and avoid rotting; (3) delaying aging and prolonging the flowering period: gibberellin can promote cell elongation and reduce ethylene production, delay flower aging and reduce early petal aging. The application first combines nano-silver colloid, chitosan and hormones for post-harvest treatment of stonecrop cut flowers; the four effects of antibacterial effect, cell energy stability, nutrient supply and hormone regulation are combined to establish a multi-factor synergistic mechanism, thereby significantly improving the post-harvest preservation effect of stonecrop cut flowers. The results of the examples show that the composite preservative can prolong the vase life of stonecrop cut flowers to 6-8 days, significantly reduce the curling of the flower stem base and the early aging of the petals and maintain good ornamental properties.

[0015] The application provides a preparation method of the composite preservative, which comprises the following steps: dissolving gibberellin in ethanol, diluting the gibberellin with water to obtain a gibberellin solution; dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; mixing the gibberellin solution with sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride, and then mixing the mixture with the chitosan solution and nano-silver colloid, and adjusting the pH value to obtain the composite preservative. If the effective components in the composite preservative are directly mixed, the effective components will interact with each other and generate precipitates in the dissolving process, which not only affects the transparency of the solution, but also reduces the actual concentration of the effective components, and further weakens the preservation effect; or the effective components will be precipitated due to the acid-base neutralization reaction, and then the composite preservative will be invalid. The method can effectively prevent the occurrence of side reactions, ensure the complete dissolution of the effective components, and further improve the stability of the system. The preparation method is convenient and fast, and can be used for standardized production.

[0016] The application provides application of the composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the preparation method in preservation of stonecrop plants. L. sprengeri The results of the examples show that, taking the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata) L. haywardii ), red and blue stonecrop (Lycoris albiflora) L. rosea ) and rose stonecrop (Lycoris aurea) as examples, the composite preservative can significantly prolong the vase life of the three kinds of stonecrop cut flowers to 6-8 days by establishing a multi-factor synergistic mechanism through the four effects of comprehensive antibacterial, cell energy stabilization, nutrient supply and hormone regulation, and maintain the flower type, color and stem state.

[0017] The application provides a preservation method for stonecrop cut flowers, which comprises the following steps: immersing the stem base of the stonecrop plant in the composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the preparation method within 30 min after harvesting for preservation treatment. The preservation method can significantly improve the freshness of the commodity flower, prolong the vase life and improve the ornamental value by solving the problems of high water content, fragility, easy bacterial growth and early petal decline of the stonecrop cut flower stem. In addition, the pre-preservation by the preservation method can effectively solve the problems of stem cracking and curling and bacterial infection of the stonecrop cut flower after harvesting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Figure A is a result graph of the influence of pre-treatment on the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata); figure B is a result graph of the influence of pre-treatment on the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata) after 1 day of immersion in water; Figure 2 Figure C is a result graph of the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata) cut flower after 2 days of vase insertion; Figure 3 Figure D is a result graph of the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata) cut flower after 4 days of vase insertion; Figure 4 Figure E is a result graph of the stonecrop (Lycoris radiata) cut flower after 6 days of vase insertion. Figure 5 The experimental results of cutting rose lycoris flowers and arranging them in a vase on the 8th day; Figure 6 The experimental results of cutting red and blue spider lilies into a vase on the second day after placement; Figure 7 The experimental results of cutting red and blue spider lilies in a vase on the 5th day after placement; Figure 8 The experimental results of cutting red and blue spider lilies in a vase on the 7th day after the flowers were placed; Figure 9 The experimental results of cutting red and blue spider lilies in a vase on the 9th day after placement; Figure 10 The experimental results were shown on the second day after the cut flowers of Lycoris radiata were placed in the vase. Figure 11 The results of the experiment were shown on the 5th day after the cut flowers of Lycoris radiata were placed in the vase; Figure 12 The experimental results were shown on the 7th day after the cut flowers of Lycoris radiata were placed in the vase. Figure 13 The experimental results were shown on the 9th day after the cut flowers of Lycoris radiata were placed in the vase. Figures 2-13 In the middle, 1 to 3 correspond to the water treatment group, the CHRYSAL general-purpose preservative treatment group, and the compound preservative treatment group, respectively; Figure 14 The images show a comparison of the effects of Lycoris radiata and Lycoris radiata on 7 days of vase arrangement in different preservative solutions. In the images, A represents Lycoris radiata; B represents Lycoris radiata; and 1 to 3 represent the treatment with composite preservative without nano-silver, the treatment with composite preservative without chitosan, and the composite preservative group, respectively. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a compound preservative for fresh-cut flowers of the Lycoris genus, comprising the following active ingredients at the following mass concentrations: citric acid 150-200 mg / L, sucrose 15-20 g / L, calcium chloride 2-3 g / L, chitosan 1-2 g / L, nano-silver colloid 1-2 ppm, and gibberellin 3-5 mg / L.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention does not have special requirements for the raw materials used, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0021] The mass concentration of citric acid in the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Fritillaria plant is any value in the range of 150-200 mg / L, for example 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 or 200 mg / L; citric acid has certain antibacterial properties, and reducing the pH value can inhibit the growth of some bacteria and reduce bacterial infection at the base of the flower stem; and a suitable pH value is also conducive to promoting the normal metabolism of flower cells and preventing structural damage to the flower stem; furthermore, the pH adjustment effect of citric acid can reduce the osmotic pressure difference, which also helps to slow down the cracking and curling of the flower stem caused by excessive osmotic pressure difference when inserted into water.

[0022] The mass concentration of sucrose in the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Fritillaria plant is any value in the range of 15-20 g / L, for example 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 g / L. Sucrose can increase the osmotic pressure in the cells of the flower stem, reduce water loss, help maintain cell hydration, and reduce brittleness and fragility caused by water imbalance; sucrose also acts as an energy source, slowing down the aging process of the flower and reducing the early aging of the petals.

[0023] The mass concentration of calcium chloride in the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Fritillaria plant is any value in the range of 2-3 g / L, for example 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8 or 3 g / L. The calcium ions in calcium chloride can bind with pectin in the cell wall of the plant, increasing the hardness and stability of the cell wall and effectively improving the pressure and bending resistance of the flower stem, thereby reducing the brittleness and fragility of the flower stem; at the same time, calcium ions can also help maintain the integrity of the cell wall, prevent excessive water from entering the cells causing excessive cell swelling, and prevent cracking and curling of the flower stem at the base.

[0024] The mass concentration of chitosan in the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Fritillaria plant is any value in the range of 1-2 g / L, for example 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 or 2 g / L. Chitosan has significant antibacterial effects, can inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, and reduce bacterial infection at the base of the flower stem and the petals; it can also form a thin film on the surface of the flower stem, reducing cracking or curling caused by excessive osmotic pressure difference. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan in the present application can be any value in the range of ≥90%, for example 90%, 92%, 95%, 98% or 100%. Chitosan with a degree of deacetylation ≥90% can ensure its antibacterial properties, good solubility and excellent film-forming properties, thereby maximizing the vase life of the cut flowers. The higher the degree of deacetylation, the higher the content of amino groups (-NH2) in the chitosan molecule, and the stronger the hydrophilicity. If the degree of deacetylation is low (e.g. <70%), the positive charge density of chitosan is insufficient and its solubility is poor, which significantly reduces its antibacterial and preservative effects. High-deacetylation chitosan has stronger chemical reactivity, which can form a stable complex system with citric acid, nano-silver and other components, enhancing the antibacterial and anti-aging functions.

[0025] The citric acid can adjust the pH value of the composite preservative, thereby promoting water absorption of the flower branch and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms; the sucrose as an energy substrate is more conducive to promoting the calcium chloride to enhance the stability of the cell wall; the chitosan and the nano silver colloid synergistically inhibit the breeding of microorganisms; the gibberellin can delay the petal aging. The fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Amaryllidaceae plant provided by the application has the following synergistic effects: (1) maintaining water and structure stability: the sucrose, the chitosan, the calcium chloride and the gibberellin can regulate the photosynthesis of the flower stem, enhance the stability of the cell wall and prevent cracking or curling; (2) inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi: the citric acid, the chitosan and the nano silver have strong antibacterial effect, can reduce bacterial infection of the flower stem base and the petal and avoid rotting; (3) delaying aging and prolonging flowering period: the gibberellin can promote cell elongation and reduce ethylene production, delay flower aging and reduce petal early aging.

[0026] In the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Amaryllidaceae plant, the mass concentration of the nano silver colloid is any value in the range of 1-2 ppm, for example, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 or 2 ppm. The nano silver colloid has broad-spectrum antibacterial performance, can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi and molds at the flower stem base, reduce rotting and disease, and prolong the ornamental period of the cut flower. The particle size of the nano silver colloid can be any value in the range of 10-20 nm, for example, 10, 12, 15, 18 or 20 nm. Controlling the particle size of the nano silver ≤20 nm can improve the sterilization effect, ensure smooth water transport, and reduce flower stem cracking and curling. If the particle size of the nano silver is too large, the activity is reduced and the sterilization effect is weakened, which affects the preservation performance; if the particle size of the nano silver is too small, although the activity is high, the nano silver is easy to agglomerate and unstable, and there are problems of high cost and great difficulty in preparation. Controlling the particle size in the range of 10-20 nm is the best balance (balance of efficiency, stability and cost) interval for fresh-cut flower preservation, and takes into account high activity, stability and economy.

[0027] In the fresh-cut flower composite preservative of the Amaryllidaceae plant, the mass concentration of the gibberellin is any value in the range of 3-5 mg / L, for example, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 mg / L. As a first preferred embodiment, the gibberellin in the application is GA3. The gibberellin is a plant hormone that can inhibit the synthesis of ethylene, which is the main hormone of plant aging. Inhibiting ethylene can slow down the aging process of the flower and delay the early aging of the petal.

[0028] The pH of the composite preservative can be any value in the range of 4.0 to 4.5, for example 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 or 4.5. Bacteria and fungi are easy to breed in cut flower vase solution, and in a weakly acidic environment, the reproduction of most bacteria is significantly inhibited. At the same time, the weakly acidic environment can significantly delay the solution from becoming turbid and emitting a foul odor, keeping the cut flower conduit unobstructed and improving the water absorption rate of the cut flower. Moreover, a suitable acidic environment can also slow down the degradation of pigments in the petals. Controlling the pH in the range of 4.0 to 4.5 can achieve the effects of inhibiting bacteria, preventing blockage, promoting water absorption, and delaying aging, while maintaining the stability and activity of various preservative components, thereby maximizing the vase life of cut flowers.

[0029] The application provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned composite preservative, comprising the following steps: The gibberellin is dissolved in ethanol and then diluted with water to obtain a gibberellin solution. The chitosan is dissolved in an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution. The gibberellin solution, sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride are mixed, and then mixed with the chitosan solution and nano-silver colloid, and the pH is adjusted to obtain the composite preservative.

[0030] The gibberellin is dissolved in ethanol and then diluted with water to obtain a gibberellin solution. The concentration of the ethanol can be any value in the range of 70% to 75%, for example 70%, 72% or 75%. The ethanol with a concentration of 70% to 75% can well dissolve the gibberellin, so that the gibberellin is fully dispersed in the solution, avoiding crystallization or unevenness, ensuring that the gibberellin is completely dissolved to form a saturated or nearly saturated solution. Dissolving the gibberellin in ethanol first solves the problem that the gibberellin is difficult to dissolve in water, and then diluting with water reduces the concentration of ethanol, avoiding toxicity to the flower material, while ensuring that the gibberellin can normally function in the aqueous solution system.

[0031] The chitosan is dissolved in an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution. The concentration of the chitosan affects the effect of the preservative, and a too low concentration has no significant preservation effect, and a too high concentration can cause the flowers to age prematurely. The concentration of the acetic acid solution can be any value in the range of 0.5% to 2%, for example 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% or 2%. The chitosan is pre-dissolved in 1% acetic acid solution to make it protonated, completely dissolved and uniformly dispersed, so that it can fully play the roles of antibacterial, water absorption promotion and film preservation in the preservative solution.

[0032] The gibberellin solution is mixed with sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride, and then mixed with the chitosan solution and nano-silver colloid, and pH is adjusted to obtain the composite preservative. When the gibberellin solution is mixed with sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride, magnetic stirring is preferably adopted, and the stirring rate can be any value in the range of 100-300 rpm, for example, 100, 200 or 300 rpm. When the magnetic stirring is adopted, complete dissolution, slight vortex on the liquid surface and no generation of a large amount of bubbles are preferred. As a preferred embodiment, NaOH or citric acid is used to adjust the pH value. If the effective components in the composite preservative are directly mixed, they interact during the dissolution process to generate precipitates, which affect the transparency of the solution and the concentration of the effective components; or partial acid-base neutralization reaction occurs, resulting in precipitation of effective substances and loss of effectiveness. According to the preparation method of the present application, side reactions can be prevented, complete dissolution can be ensured, and the stability of the system can be improved. The preparation method of the present application is convenient and fast, and can be used for standardized production.

[0033] The present application provides the application of the above-mentioned composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in the preservation of stonecrop plants. As a preferred embodiment, the stonecrop plants include at least one of the following: Zephyranthes candida, Z. grandiflora and Z. morio. The flower stem of stonecrop plants has a very high water content, and the high water content makes the flower stem very fragile, which is easy to be damaged or broken during transportation and storage; after being inserted into clean water, the flower stem is easy to crack and curl at the base due to cell osmotic pressure, which affects the quality and water absorption of cut flowers. In addition, the high moisture environment also provides favorable conditions for the growth of bacteria and mold, and the stem tissue is relatively weak, so the spread of bacteria in the stem is fast, which further affects the preservation effect of cut flowers. Therefore, the high water content, fragile structure and easy bacterial infection of stonecrop flower stems make the existing commercial preservatives have limited effect on the preservation of fresh-cut flowers. The preservation method of the present application is tailored for the high water content, fragility, easy bacterial growth and early petal decline of stonecrop cut flowers, which can significantly improve the freshness of commercial flowers, prolong the vase life and improve the ornamental value. The results of the examples show that, taking Z. candida ( L. sprengeri ), Z. morio ( L. haywardii ) and Z. grandiflora ( L. rosea ) as examples, the composite preservative can significantly prolong the vase life of the three kinds of stonecrop cut flowers to 6-8 days by establishing a multi-factor synergistic mechanism through the four effects of antibacterial, cell energy stabilization, nutrient supply and hormone regulation, and maintain the flower shape, color and stem state.

[0034] The present application provides a preservation method for fresh-cut stonecrop plants, which comprises the following steps: within 30 minutes after harvesting, the flower stem base of the stonecrop plant is immersed in the above-mentioned composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method for preservation treatment.

[0035] The flower stem of the stonecrop plant is high in water content and fragile and easy to break, and a complete annular surface is formed when the flower stem is cut, which can ensure sufficient open channels to contact with water and ensure the smoothness of the water absorption channel, and can also reduce the curling and cracking degree caused by different water absorption efficiency of the flower stem base. The flower stem after cutting is preferably immersed in the composite preservative or the composite preservative prepared by the preparation method in the application within 30 minutes after harvesting, for example, within 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 minutes. The immersion depth of the flower stem base in the application can be any value within the range of 5-20 cm, for example, 5, 7, 10, 15 or 20 cm. The preservation method of the application includes: immersing the flower stem base of the stonecrop plant in the composite preservative for 0.5-2 hours for pre-preservation, and then placing it in clean water or other preservatives; or immersing the flower stem base of the stonecrop plant in the composite preservative for continuous preservation. The pre-preservation treatment by the preservation method can effectively solve the problems of easy cracking and curling of the fresh-cut flower stem of the stonecrop plant after harvesting, and infection of pathogenic bacteria. The preservation method can prolong the vase life of the stonecrop plant cut flower to 6-8 days, significantly reduce the curling of the flower stem base and the early wilting of the petals, and maintain good ornamental value. The temperature of the preservation treatment can be any value within the range of 23-28℃, for example, 23, 25 or 28℃; and the humidity of the preservation treatment can be any value within the range of 40%-60%, for example, 40%, 50% or 60%. This range is the temperature and humidity of most homes, and is a relatively balanced condition, which can avoid excessive evaporation and excessive humidity, and is suitable for most fresh-cut flowers. High temperature and humidity will accelerate water evaporation and bacterial growth, and shorten the vase life of the cut flower.

[0036] In order to further illustrate the application, the application of a composite preservative for fresh-cut flowers of stonecrop plants and a preparation method thereof will be described in detail in combination with examples below, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the application.

[0037] Example 1 1. The effective components and main functions of the composite preservative are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1 Composition of the composite preservative

[0039] 2. Preparation method of the composite preservative 1) 4 mg of gibberellin (GA3) was dissolved in 1 mL of 70% ethanol, 500 mL of deionized water was added and stirred to obtain a gibberellin solution; 2) Add 160 mg of citric acid, 15 g of sucrose and 3 g of calcium chloride into the gibberellin solution obtained in step 1) in sequence, and stir until completely dissolved by using a magnetic stirrer, to obtain a mixed solution; the stirring rate is 200 rpm, and the completely dissolved, slightly swirling liquid surface and no large bubbles are preferred; 3) Add 1.5 g of chitosan, which is pre-dissolved in about 10 mL of 1% acetic acid solution, into the mixed solution obtained in step 2); then add 20 mL of 100 ppm nano-silver colloid (in the form of a solution), and make up to 1 L, to obtain a composite preservative, in which the pH is adjusted to 4.5 by using citric acid.

[0040] Example 2 The method of Example 1 is used, except that the concentration of citric acid is changed from 160 mg / L to 180 mg / L.

[0041] Example 3 The method of Example 1 is used, except that the concentration of chitosan is changed from 1.5 mg / L to 1 mg / L.

[0042] Example 4 (1) Freshly collected flower stems of Chuanjin flower are washed with tap water, the base of the flower stems is cut flat, and the flower stems are immersed in the composite preservative of Example 1 within 30 min after harvesting, and the pretreatment is performed for 1 h, to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0043] (2) A cylindrical vase with a diameter of 10 cm is filled with water, and the fresh-cut flowers pretreated in step (1) are immersed in the water, and the base of the flower stems is immersed in the water by 10 cm, and the environmental temperature is 25±1℃ and the relative humidity is 50%.

[0044] Comparative Example 1 (1) Freshly collected flower stems of Chuanjin flower are washed with tap water, and the base of the flower stems is cut flat, to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0045] (2) A cylindrical vase with a diameter of 10 cm is filled with water, and the fresh-cut flowers pretreated in step (1) are immersed in the water, and the base of the flower stems is immersed in the water by 10 cm, and the environmental temperature is 25±1℃ and the relative humidity is 50%.

[0046] Test Example 1 Five branches of Chuanjin flower fresh-cut flowers of the same batch are treated by using Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 respectively, and the condition of the base of the flower stems is observed after 1 day, and the results are shown in Figure 1 .

[0047] As can be seen from Figure 1 , the base of the flower stems is directly inserted into the water without pretreatment by using the composite preservative in Comparative Example 1, and the base is cracked and curled after 1 day; and the fresh-cut flowers pretreated by using the composite preservative in Example 4 are not curled after being placed in the water.

[0048] Example 5 (1) Freshly harvested flower stems of Lycoris radiata were washed with tap water, and the flower bases were trimmed at the stem base. The flower stems were immersed in the composite preservative of Example 1 for 10 cm of the flower stem base for 1 h after 15 min of post-harvest, to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0049] (2) The pre-treated fresh-cut flowers were inserted into a vase filled with water for vase preservation, with the flower stem base immersed in water for 10 cm. The environmental temperature was 25 ± 1 °C, and the relative humidity was 50%.

[0050] Example 6 The procedure of Example 5 was followed, except that in step (2), the water was replaced with CHRYSAL general-purpose preservative.

[0051] Example 7 The procedure of Example 5 was followed, except that in step (2), the water was replaced with the composite preservative of Example 1.

[0052] Test Example 2 Five flower stems of the same batch of Lycoris radiata were treated with Examples 5-7, respectively, for vase experiments. The state of the flowers and flower stems was continuously observed, and the state of the cracking and curling of the flower stem base and the wilting of the petals was evaluated. The wilting rate of the petals was calculated according to the number of wilted flowers on a flower cluster, which was observed once a day until the flowers completely withered and the petals showed obvious water loss, discoloration, or drooping, which was considered wilting. The observation results on the 2nd day, the 4th day, the 6th day, and the 8th day are shown in Figures 2-5 and Table 2.

[0053] Table 2. Results of vase experiments of Lycoris radiata cut flowers

[0054] From Figure 2 and Table 2, it can be seen that in the vase experiment of Lycoris radiata, there were about 27 flowers in total in the five flower clusters, and no wilting of the flowers occurred on the 2nd day ( Figure 2 ) and the 4th day ( Figure 3 ). On the 6th day of vase insertion ( Figure 4 ), the number of wilted flowers in Examples 5-7 was 12, 8, and 4, respectively, and the wilting rates were 44.44%, 29.63%, and 14.81%, respectively. On the 8th day of vase insertion ( Figure 5 ), the flowers in Examples 5 and 6 were completely wilted, with a wilting rate of 100%, and there were 5 flowers that were not wilted in Example 7, with a wilting rate of 81.48%. It can be seen that the composite preservative can prolong the vase period to 6-7 days.

[0055] Example 8 (1) Freshly harvested flower stems of Lycoris radiata were washed with tap water, and the flower base was cut flat at the stem base. The flower stem base 10 cm was immersed in the composite preservative of Example 1 for 1 h after 20 min, to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0056] (2) The pretreated fresh-cut flowers were inserted into a vase filled with water for vase preservation, and the flower stem base was immersed in water 10 cm. The environmental temperature was 25±1℃, and the relative humidity was 50%.

[0057] Example 9 According to the manner of Example 8, the difference is that in step (2), the water is replaced with CHRYSAL general preservative.

[0058] Example 10 According to the manner of Example 8, the difference is that in step (2), the water is replaced with the composite preservative of Example 1.

[0059] Test Example 3 Ten flower stems of Lycoris radiata of the same batch were treated with Examples 8-10 respectively for vase insertion experiment, and the flower and stem states were continuously observed. The flower stem base cracking and curling and petal wilting state were evaluated in the manner of Example 2. The observation results on the 2nd day, 5th day, 7th day and 9th day are shown in Figures 6-9 and Table 3.

[0060] Table 3 Results of Lycoris radiata cut flower vase insertion experiment

[0061] From Figure 3 and Table 3, in the Lycoris radiata vase insertion experiment, there were about 50 flowers in total in 10 inflorescences, and no wilting of flowers occurred on the 2nd day ( Figure 6 ) and the 5th day ( Figure 7 ). On the 7th day of vase insertion ( Figure 8 ), the number of wilting flowers in Examples 8-10 was 29, 20 and 14 respectively, and the wilting rate was 58%, 40% and 28% respectively. On the 9th day of vase insertion ( Figure 9 ), the wilting rates of Examples 8-10 were 92%, 96% and 86% respectively. It can be seen that the composite preservative can prolong the vase period by 7-8 days.

[0062] Example 11 (1) Freshly harvested flower stems of Lycoris radiata were washed with tap water, and the flower base was cut flat at the stem base. The flower stem base 10 cm was immersed in the composite preservative of Example 1 for 1 h after 20 min, to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0063] (2) The pretreated fresh cut flowers were inserted into the vase filled with water for vase preservation, and the flower stems were immersed in water by 10 cm. The environmental temperature was 25±1℃, and the relative humidity was 50%.

[0064] Example 12 The procedure of Example 11 was followed except that in step (2), the water was replaced with CHRYSAL general-purpose preservative.

[0065] Example 13 The procedure of Example 11 was followed except that in step (2), the water was replaced with the composite preservative of Example 1.

[0066] Test Example 4 The fresh cut flowers of 5 inflorescences of the same batch were treated with Examples 11-13 respectively, and vase experiments were performed. The state of the flowers and stems was observed continuously, and the state of stem base cracking and curling and petal wilting was evaluated in the manner of Example 2. The observation results on the 2nd day, the 5th day, the 7th day and the 9th day are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Figures 10-13

[0067] Table 4 Results of vase experiment of cut flowers of Chuanjin flower

[0068] In the vase experiment of Chuanjin flower, there were about 21 flowers in total in 5 inflorescences. On the 2nd day ( Figure 10 ) and the 5th day ( Figure 11 ), no wilting of the flowers occurred. On the 7th day of vase preservation ( Figure 12 ), the number of wilting flowers in Examples 11-13 was 13, 8 and 4 respectively, and the wilting rate was 61.90%, 38.10% and 19.05% respectively. On the 9th day of vase preservation ( Figure 13 ), the flowers in Examples 11 and 12 were basically wilting, and a small amount of flowers in Example 13 were not wilting. It can be seen that the composite preservative can prolong the vase period to 7-8 days.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the nano-silver colloid was not added.

[0070] Comparative Example 3 (1) The flower stems of fresh red and blue stone garlic were washed with tap water, and the flower base was cut at the stem base to prepare cut flowers.

[0071] (2) The cut flowers were inserted into the vase filled with the preservative of Comparative Example 2 for vase preservation, and the flower stems were immersed in the preservative by 10 cm. The environmental temperature was 25±1℃, and the relative humidity was 50%.

[0072] Comparative Example 4 ​The procedure of Comparative Example 3 was followed, except that the Erythronium sibiricum was replaced by the Zephyranthes candida.

[0073] Comparative Example 5 The procedure of Example 1 was followed, except that no chitosan was added and 1% acetic acid solution was added.

[0074] Comparative Example 6 (1) Freshly harvested Erythronium sibiricum flower stems were washed with tap water, and the flower bases were trimmed at the stem base to obtain fresh-cut flowers.

[0075] (2) The fresh-cut flowers were inserted into a vase containing the preservative of Comparative Example 3, and the flower stem bases were immersed in the preservative to a depth of 10 cm. The environmental temperature was 25 ± 1°C, and the relative humidity was 50%.

[0076] Comparative Example 7 The procedure of Comparative Example 6 was followed, except that the Erythronium sibiricum was replaced by the Zephyranthes candida.

[0077] Test Example 4 Ten Erythronium sibiricum fresh-cut flowers were treated with Example 10 and Comparative Examples 3-4, respectively, and a vase insertion experiment was performed. The flower and stem conditions were continuously observed, and the stem base cracking and curling and petal wilting of each group were evaluated in the manner of Example 2. The observation results on the 7th day of vase insertion are shown in Table A. Figure 14 Table A

[0078] Five Zephyranthes candida fresh-cut flowers were treated with Example 13 and Comparative Examples 6-7, respectively, and a vase insertion experiment was performed. The flower and stem conditions were continuously observed, and the stem base cracking and curling and petal wilting of each group were evaluated in the manner of Example 2. The observation results on the 7th day of vase insertion are shown in Table B. Figure 14 Table B

[0079] To verify the synergistic function of chitosan and nano-silver in the basic preservative, the nano-silver (Comparative Example 3) and chitosan (Comparative Example 4) components were removed from the compound preservative formula, and comparative experiments were carried out on Erythronium sibiricum and Zephyranthes candida (see Table C). Figure 14

[0080] As can be seen from Table C, if no nano-silver component is added to the preservative, the preservative solution in the vase is turbid with light pink flocculent material on the 7th day of vase insertion, and there are many wilted flowers, as shown in Table C (1). If no chitosan component is added to the preservative, the preservative solution in the vase is significantly turbid on the 7th day of vase insertion, and the wilted flower rate is higher than that of the treatment group 3, as shown in Table C (2). When both nano-silver and chitosan are added to the preservative, the preservative solution is slightly turbid on the 7th day of vase insertion, there are no obvious bacterial clumps, and the petal wilting rate is low, as shown in Table C (3). Figure 5 Figure 14 Figure 14 Figure 14 Table C​​​​

[0081] Therefore, the composite preservative can prolong the vase life of the plant of the genus Lycoris to 6-8 days, significantly reduce the curling of the flower stem base and the early wilting of the petals, and maintain good ornamental properties.

[0082] Although the above embodiment has made a detailed description of the present application, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained according to the present embodiment without creativity, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fresh cut flower composite preservative of the genus Lycoris, characterized by, The effective components include the following mass concentrations: citric acid 150-200 mg / L, sucrose 15-20 g / L, calcium chloride 2-3 g / L, chitosan 1-2 g / L, nano silver colloid 1-2 ppm, and gibberellin 3-5 mg / L. ​ 2. The composite preservative according to claim 1, wherein The pH of the composite preservative is 4.0-4.

5.

3. The composite preservative according to claim 1, wherein The degree of deacetylation of the chitosan is greater than or equal to 90%, and the particle size of the nano silver colloid is 10-20 nm.

4. The method for preparing the composite preservative according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The gibberellin is dissolved in ethanol, and then diluted with water to obtain a gibberellin solution; The chitosan is dissolved in an acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution; The gibberellin solution is mixed with sucrose, citric acid and calcium chloride, and then mixed with the chitosan solution and nano silver colloid, and the pH is adjusted to obtain the composite preservative.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration of the ethanol is 70%-75%, and the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.5%-2%.

6. The composite preservative of any one of claims 1-3 or prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 4-6 is applied to the preservation of stone bulb plants.

7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stone bulb plants include at least one of the following: Flicker, Rose stone bulb and Red and blue stone bulb.

8. A method for preserving fresh-cut flowers of the genus Lycoris, characterized by, The method comprises the following step: within 30 min after harvesting, the flower stem base of the stone bulb plant is immersed in the composite preservative of any one of claims 1-3 or prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 4-6 for preservation treatment.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying the coating is performed after the step of applying the preservative. The immersion depth of the flower stem base is 5-20 cm.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying the coating is performed by spraying the coating onto the surface of the food product. The preservation treatment mode comprises the following steps: the flower stem base is immersed in the composite preservative for 0.5-2 h for pre-preservation, and then placed in clean water or other preservatives; Or the flower stem base is continuously preserved in the composite preservative.

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