Polar ship heat recovery integrated ventilation system

Abstract

The application discloses a polar ship heat recovery integrated ventilation system, which comprises a central air conditioning processing unit and an air pipeline system; the air pipeline system comprises a natural wind supply air main pipe and an air conditioning fresh air main pipe; the central air conditioning processing unit is internally provided with a heat recovery device; the air pipeline system further comprises a return air main pipe; the system further comprises an integrated ventilation wave-proof wall; the inlet end of the natural wind supply air main pipe, the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main pipe and the outlet end of the return air main pipe are all arranged on the integrated ventilation wave-proof wall. The application can greatly reduce the antifreezing cost and energy consumption, has a very high energy utilization efficiency and fundamentally improves the safety of the ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to an integrated ventilation system for heat recovery in polar vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, ventilation design for living quarters on conventional ships generally adopts a decentralized, independent ventilation system. This means that each room requiring ventilation (such as crew cabins, offices, meeting rooms, recreation rooms, galleys, and toilets) is equipped with one or more individual fans, independent ventilation ducts, and ventilation openings leading to the open deck. This traditional approach has the following drawbacks, which are particularly prominent on polar vessels:

[0003] (1) High cost of antifreeze. Each individual vent is a potential freezing point. During polar voyages, low temperatures and sea spray can easily cause ice to form at the vents and inside the ducts, leading to ventilation failure or even equipment damage. To prevent icing, each vent must be equipped with antifreeze devices such as electric heating or steam heating, which are numerous and cause a sharp increase in equipment costs, installation costs, and energy consumption costs for ship operation.

[0004] (2) Energy waste. Distributed systems prevent the recovery and reuse of heat in the cabin return air.

[0005] (3) Disorganized layout and risks to ship stability. Numerous ventilation ducts are scattered across the open deck, which not only affects the layout of deck equipment and the safe passage of crew members, but also damages the aesthetics and integrity of the deck. Protruding ventilation openings are also easily damaged by waves in rough sea conditions, forming openings in the ship's deck, which adversely affects the integrity and watertightness of the hull structure and constitutes a potential risk of water ingress.

[0006] (4) Inconvenient operation and management. It requires the operation and maintenance of dozens or even hundreds of independent ventilation dampers, which is cumbersome and inefficient. When it is necessary to quickly adjust the ventilation conditions (such as in case of severe weather), it is difficult to achieve unified and efficient management. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology, the present invention provides an integrated ventilation system for heat recovery of polar ships.

[0008] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0009] An integrated heat recovery ventilation system for polar vessels includes a central air conditioning unit and an air duct system for refreshing the air in the living quarters. The living quarters include natural wind cabins requiring only natural airflow and air-conditioned cabins requiring air conditioning. The air duct system includes a natural wind supply duct for supplying outside natural air to the natural wind cabins and an air-conditioned fresh air supply duct for supplying outside natural air to the central air conditioning unit. The central air conditioning unit is equipped with a heat recovery device for exchanging heat with the outside natural air supplied to it. The air duct system also includes a heat recovery device for circulating the air from the living quarters through the heat recovery system. The heat recovery device performs heat exchange before discharging the exhaust air into the return air main duct outside the ship; the polar ship heat recovery integrated ventilation system also includes an integrated ventilation wave-breaking wall located above the open deck; the inlet end of the natural wind supply duct, the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air duct, and the outlet end of the return air duct are all located on the integrated ventilation wave-breaking wall; each natural wind compartment is equipped with a natural wind supply branch duct, which is connected to the natural wind supply main duct; the central air conditioning unit is connected to the air conditioning supply main duct; each air conditioning compartment is equipped with an air conditioning branch duct, which is connected to the air conditioning supply main duct; the living area rooms are equipped with return air branch ducts, which are connected to the return air main duct.

[0010] Furthermore, the integrated ventilation wave-breaking wall includes two pipe components, each comprising a main pipe section located in the residential area and an extension section located outside the residential area; the extension section is connected to the main pipe section; the two pipe components are respectively located on both sides of the front wall of the residential area; the residential area is located at the bow of the ship.

[0011] Furthermore, of the two pipe components, one of them is a return air main, and the outlet end of the return air main is located on the rear end wall of the extension of the pipe component.

[0012] Furthermore, of the two pipe components, the other pipe component has two non-communicating cavities, which are a natural air supply main duct and an air conditioning fresh air main duct, respectively; the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct are respectively located on the rear end wall of the extension of the pipe component.

[0013] Furthermore, the outlet end of the return air main duct, the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct all face the stern; the outlet end of the return air main duct, the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct are all located at the lower part of the rear end wall of the extension.

[0014] Furthermore, the outlet end of the return air main duct, the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct are all equipped with weatherproof louvers with electric heating wires.

[0015] Furthermore, the extension is located on the high deck.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower end of the extension is provided with a drainage hole; the outer end of the extension extends to the maximum width of the ship.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat recovery device is a heat recovery rotor.

[0018] Furthermore, the natural wind supply branch pipe is equipped with a blower and a first air damper; the air conditioning branch pipe is equipped with an air volume regulator; and the return air branch pipe of the natural wind cabin is equipped with a second air damper.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention has extremely high energy efficiency; the return air from the cabin is collected through the return air main duct, and then the heat energy in the return air is efficiently recovered through the heat recovery rotor in the central air conditioning unit for preheating fresh air, significantly reducing heating energy consumption and achieving remarkable energy savings. This invention can greatly reduce antifreeze costs and energy consumption; only three main ducts are needed for ventilation, and electric heating components are installed in the louvers to achieve the function of antifreeze for the ventilation openings. Heating power, installation costs, and the maintenance workload of the crew during navigation are significantly reduced, significantly lowering initial investment and operating costs. In this invention, the ventilation duct is integrated with the superstructure outer wall to form a wave shield extending to the maximum beam on both sides; physically blocking the direct impact of waves at the bow on the aft equipment and openings, the duct ends are inverted with louvers, and drainage holes are provided at the bottom, allowing condensation in the incoming air to drain naturally. This invention can fundamentally improve ship safety. By moving the air intake / exhaust openings of the ventilation system from the traditional low-freeboard open main deck to a higher deck, the height of the ventilation openings above the waterline is significantly increased, thereby improving the ship's stability in the event of a hull breach. By integrating these openings into a small number of centralized openings, the risk of deck ventilation facilities being destroyed by waves, leading to water ingress into the hull and compromising ship stability is reduced. This invention is particularly suitable for harsh navigation environments, especially in polar seas. The invention also features excellent spatial layout and aesthetics, as well as intelligent and convenient operation and management. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a side view of an integrated ventilation wave-breaking wall according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of sectional view AA.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the BB section.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a ventilation principle diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the natural wind chamber according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the CC section.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of DD. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be described more clearly and completely below with reference to a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a polar vessel heat recovery integrated ventilation system includes a central air conditioning unit 40 installed on the polar vessel and an air duct system for refreshing the air in the living quarters; the living quarters include natural wind cabins 11 that only require natural wind and air-conditioned cabins 21 that require air conditioning.

[0029] The air duct system includes a natural air supply duct 10 for supplying outside natural air to the natural air cabin and an air conditioning fresh air duct 20 for supplying outside natural air to the central air conditioning unit.

[0030] The central air conditioning unit 40 is equipped with a heat recovery device 41 for exchanging heat with the outside natural wind delivered to the central air conditioning unit. The heat recovery device 41 is a heat recovery impeller.

[0031] The air duct system also includes a return air main 30 for exchanging heat with the air in the living area rooms via a heat recovery device before exhausting it outside the ship.

[0032] The integrated ventilation system for polar vessels with heat recovery also includes an integrated ventilation wave barrier 50 located above the open deck.

[0033] The inlet of the natural wind supply duct 10, the inlet of the air conditioning fresh air duct 20, and the outlet of the return air duct 30 are all located on an integrated ventilation and wave-proof wall.

[0034] Each natural wind chamber 11 is equipped with a natural wind supply branch pipe 12, which is connected to the natural wind supply main pipe 10. The natural wind supply branch pipe 12 is equipped with a blower 13 and a first air damper 14.

[0035] The central air conditioning unit 40 is connected to the air conditioning main duct 22; each air conditioning compartment 21 is equipped with an air conditioning branch duct 23; the air conditioning branch duct 23 is connected to the air conditioning main duct 22. An air volume regulator 24 is installed on the air conditioning branch duct 23.

[0036] Each room in the living area is equipped with a return air branch pipe 31, which is connected to the main return air pipe 30. A second air damper 32 is installed on the return air branch pipe 31 of the natural wind cabin 11. The second air damper is interlocked with the fan and is only temporarily opened when the cabin needs ventilation.

[0037] The integrated ventilation and wave-breaking wall 50 includes two pipe components, each comprising a main pipe section 52 located in the living area 51 and an extension section 53 located outside the living area 51; the extension section 53 is connected to the main pipe section 52. The extension section 53 is located on the high deck; the lower end of the extension section 53 is provided with a drain hole 55; the outer end of the extension section 53 extends to the maximum beam of the ship.

[0038] Two pipe components are located on either side of the front wall of the residential area; residential area 51 is located at the bow.

[0039] Of the two piping components, one of them is a return air main duct 30; the outlet end of the return air main duct 30 is located on the rear end wall of the extension of the piping component.

[0040] Of the two pipe components, the other pipe component has two non-communicating cavities, namely a natural air supply main duct 10 and an air conditioning fresh air main duct 20; the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct 10 and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct 20 are respectively located on the rear end wall of the extension of the pipe component.

[0041] The outlet end of the return air main duct 30, the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct 10, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct 20 are all located at the lower part of the rear end wall of the extension.

[0042] The outlet end of the return air main duct 30, the inlet end of the natural wind supply air main duct 10, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct 20 all face the stern.

[0043] The outlet end of the return air main duct 30, the inlet end of the natural air supply main duct 10, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main duct 20 are all equipped with weatherproof louvers 54 with electric heating wires.

[0044] Figure 1 The ship has working decks 61, A deck 62, B ​​deck 63, and C deck 64 arranged from bottom to top. The extension is located above B deck 63.

[0045] The system of this invention provides centralized ventilation for all rooms through a natural air supply duct, a return air duct, and an air conditioning fresh air duct; each room is connected to the main duct through a branch duct with a damper; the outdoor ends of the return air duct, the natural air supply duct, and the air conditioning fresh air duct are integrated into a wave shield equipped with weatherproof louvers, heating components, and a drainage structure, and the wave shield is integrated with the ship's superstructure; the central air conditioning unit is equipped with a heat recovery impeller, through which return air recovers energy before being discharged, and air conditioning fresh air is preheated before being sent into the air conditioning unit.

[0046] This invention integrates numerous ventilation openings into a solid barrier that is part of the living area structure, extending to the left and right to the maximum width of the ship to form a wave shield. This greatly reduces antifreeze costs and energy consumption, optimizes the deck layout, and achieves high efficiency and energy saving through heat recovery.

[0047] In this invention, the three main ducts (natural air supply duct, return air duct, and air conditioning fresh air duct) are no longer simply arranged on the open deck, but are integrated with the sidewall structure of the ship's superstructure (island superstructure) to form a robust, wave-resistant enclosure structure. The ventilation ducts, combined with the superstructure outer wall (B deck), form a solid barrier extending to the maximum beam on both sides. This barrier itself is a highly efficient wave wall, physically preventing waves from directly impacting the equipment and openings behind the ship.

[0048] The back of the breakwater features louvers as ventilation inlets / outlets, effectively preventing direct impact from waves. The louvers themselves are windproof and rainproof, also providing rain protection.

[0049] The ventilation inlets / outlets on the back of the wave-breaking wall are located at the bottom, forming an "inverted" structure. This structure ensures that any small amount of moisture drawn in through the louvers or condensation generated internally will flow downwards along the pipe wall. The collected moisture eventually drains out from the drain holes at the bottom, completely avoiding the risk of moisture accumulating and freezing inside the pipes.

[0050] The louvers are equipped with electric heating wires for freeze protection; protecting only these few louvers facing the open air protects the entire ventilation system. Alternatively, a high-power electric heater can be conveniently and efficiently centrally installed on the air conditioning fresh air main duct to preheat the fresh air.

[0051] In this invention, the return air from the cabin is collected by an integrated return air duct, and the energy in the return air is efficiently used to preheat the cold fresh air by using the heat recovery rotor technology of the central air conditioning unit, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the ship's heating system.

[0052] In this invention, the system workflow is as follows:

[0053] (1) Central air conditioning fresh air path: outdoor air → enters through the louvers on the back of the integrated anti-wave cover → enters the air conditioning fresh air main pipe after being preheated by the louvers → is delivered to the central air conditioning processing unit → air conditioning supply room.

[0054] (2) Natural air supply path: outdoor air → natural air supply main duct → air supply branch ducts in each room (controlled by air dampers) → enter each room.

[0055] (3) Return air path (i.e. exhaust air path): Return air in the room → return air branch pipe → return air main pipe → return to the central air conditioning unit to preheat fresh air through heat recovery rotor → exhaust through ventilation and wave-proof wall louvers.

[0056] In this invention, the main pipe is laid in the cavity between the interior panel and the hull structure. Each room is connected to the main pipe through a branch pipe hidden in the ceiling. The branch pipe is equipped with a fan according to the required air volume of the room and a remote-controlled air damper. The precise and independent control of ventilation for each room is achieved through the cooperation of the fan and the air damper.

[0057] This invention solves a series of technical problems existing in the decentralized ventilation system of polar ships, such as poor safety, high antifreeze cost, high energy consumption, cumbersome operation and messy layout, and provides a new type of highly integrated, efficient and safe ventilation system.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0059] 1. Significantly reduces anti-freezing costs and energy consumption. Only three main ducts (natural air supply duct, return air duct, and air conditioning fresh air duct) provide ventilation to all rooms in the living area. Louvers are installed on the open-air sections of these three main ducts, replacing the original multiple scattered ventilation openings. Only electric heating wires are needed to heat the louvers on these three main ducts to achieve anti-freezing functionality for the ventilation openings. Heating power, installation costs, and the maintenance workload for crew members at sea are significantly reduced, resulting in a substantial decrease in initial investment and operating costs.

[0060] 2. Extremely high energy efficiency. The return air from the cabin is collected through the return air duct and then the heat energy in the return air is efficiently recovered by the heat recovery rotor in the central air conditioning unit. This heat energy is used to preheat the fresh air, which greatly reduces heating energy consumption and has a significant energy-saving effect.

[0061] 3. The ventilation duct is integrated with the superstructure's outer wall to form a wave shield that extends to the maximum beam on both sides. This physically blocks the direct impact of waves from the bow on the equipment and openings behind the ship. The ventilation duct ends are inverted and fitted with louvers, and drainage holes are installed at the bottom to allow condensation in the incoming air to drain naturally.

[0062] 4. Fundamentally enhances ship safety. By moving the ventilation system's air intake / exhaust openings from the traditional low-freeboard open main deck to the higher superstructure B deck, the height of the ventilation openings above the waterline is significantly increased, thereby improving the ship's stability in the event of a wreck. By consolidating these openings into a small number of centralized openings, the risk of deck ventilation facilities being destroyed by waves, leading to water ingress into the hull and compromising ship stability is reduced, making it particularly suitable for harsh navigation environments, such as polar seas.

[0063] 5. Excellent spatial layout and aesthetics. The main ventilation ducts are concealed within the structural cavity, while the branch ducts are hidden in the ceiling, completely avoiding the problem of traditional ducts occupying overhead space in the cabins. This frees up headroom and makes the interior of the cabins neater and more aesthetically pleasing. There are no protruding equipment or scattered ducts on the deck, resulting in a clean and open layout.

[0064] 6. Intelligent and convenient operation and management. Ventilation control of all rooms is achieved through air dampers on branch pipes. These air dampers can be connected to the ship's central control system to realize functions such as remote centralized control, timed switching, and mode switching (such as normal mode and storm mode), resulting in extremely high management efficiency.

[0065] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar vessel heat recovery integrated ventilation system, comprising a central air conditioning unit installed on the polar vessel and an air duct system for refreshing the air in the living quarters; the living quarters include natural wind cabins that require only natural wind and air-conditioned cabins that require air conditioning; characterized in that, The air duct system includes a natural wind supply duct for supplying outside natural wind to the natural wind cabins and an air conditioning fresh air duct for supplying outside natural wind to the central air conditioning unit. The central air conditioning unit is equipped with a heat recovery device for heat exchange with the outside natural wind supplied to it. The air duct system also includes a return air duct for exchanging heat with the air from the living quarters via the heat recovery device before exhausting it outside the ship. The polar vessel's integrated heat recovery ventilation system also includes an integrated ventilation and wave-breaking wall located above the open deck. The inlet ends of the natural wind supply duct, the air conditioning fresh air duct, and the return air duct are all located on the integrated ventilation and wave-breaking wall. Each natural wind cabin has a natural wind supply branch duct connected to the natural wind supply duct. The central air conditioning unit is connected to the air conditioning supply duct. Each air conditioning cabin has an air conditioning branch duct connected to the air conditioning supply duct. Return air is provided in the living quarters. The branch pipes and return air branch pipes are connected to the return air main pipe; the integrated ventilation wave-breaking wall includes two pipe components, each including a main pipe section located in the living area and an extension section located outside the living area; the extension section is connected to the main pipe section; the two pipe components are respectively located on both sides of the front wall of the living area; the living area is located at the bow; of the two pipe components, one of the pipe components is the return air main pipe, and the outlet end of the return air main pipe is located on the rear end wall of the extension section of the pipe component; of the two pipe components, the other pipe component has two non-communicating cavities, which are the natural air supply main pipe and the air conditioning fresh air main pipe, respectively; the inlet end of the natural air supply main pipe and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main pipe are respectively located on the rear end wall of the extension section of the pipe component; the outlet end of the return air main pipe, the inlet end of the natural air supply main pipe, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main pipe all face the stern; the outlet end of the return air main pipe, the inlet end of the natural air supply main pipe, and the inlet end of the air conditioning fresh air main pipe are all located at the lower part of the rear end wall of the extension section.

2. The integrated ventilation system for polar ship heat recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the return air duct, the inlet of the natural air supply duct, and the inlet of the air conditioning fresh air duct are all equipped with weatherproof louvers with electric heating wires.

3. The integrated ventilation system for polar ship heat recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extension is located on the high deck.

4. The integrated ventilation system for polar ship heat recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the extension is provided with a drainage hole; the outer end of the extension extends to the maximum width of the ship.

5. The integrated ventilation system for polar ship heat recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat recovery device is a heat recovery rotor.

6. The integrated ventilation system for polar ship heat recovery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural wind supply branch pipe is equipped with a blower and a first air damper; the air conditioning branch pipe is equipped with an air volume regulator; and the return air branch pipe of the natural wind cabin is equipped with a second air damper.

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