Method for continuously measuring wheel-rail acting force in turnout frog area

Abstract

The invention discloses a turnout frog area wheel rail acting force continuous measurement method. The method comprises the steps that a shear force and pressure composite measurement area foundation frame is constructed; determining a monitoring range and measuring point arrangement of a turnout frog area; constructing a sensor arrangement scheme of shearing force measurement points of the asymmetric structure section of the frog area, and calculating a synthetic shearing force value of the shearing force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme of the shearing force measurement points; constructing a sensor arrangement scheme of the frog area pressure measurement points, installing base plate type pressure sensors at fastener node positions corresponding to the frog area pressure measurement points, and calculating vertical force based on the sensor arrangement scheme of the frog area pressure measurement points; constructing a sensor arrangement scheme of a transverse force measuring point of the frog area, which comprises the following steps of: realizing transverse force measurement at an iron base plate measuring point by utilizing a modified base plate type pressure sensor; and continuously measuring and calculating the frog area wheel-rail acting force based on the synthesized shear force value, the vertical force and the transverse force. The invention further discloses a corresponding system, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of railway maintenance, railway laying and rail transit monitoring technology, specifically to a method and system for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in turnout frog areas. Background Technology

[0002] Railway turnouts are critical components of the track structure. Wheel-rail interaction is the core factor causing turnout deformation, wear, and damage. The frog area, due to its hazardous space, short wheel load transition, and asymmetrical cross-sectional structure, exhibits concentrated and complex wheel-rail forces, making it a high-risk area for track fatigue and damage. The frog area, with its hazardous space and short wheel load transition, experiences even more intense wheel-rail interaction, easily leading to rail fatigue and shortening its lifespan. The complex turnout structure, with components such as the switch rail, frog rail, and wing rails causing uneven force distribution, increases the difficulty of monitoring.

[0003] Existing wheel-rail force monitoring in turnout areas is mainly limited to straight sections of the turnout and cannot effectively measure wheel-rail forces in frog areas. Current monitoring methods in straight sections mostly employ patch-type arrangements, primarily the shear method, which involves attaching shear strain gauges to the rail surface at the sleeper box location. The measurement area length is generally about 200mm, suitable only for experimental testing and insufficient for long-term continuous monitoring. To date, there is no mature method or technology capable of continuous wheel-rail force measurement in turnout frog areas. Existing research only conducts scattered measurements at the sleeper box location on straight sections of the turnout, failing to cover this critical frog area. While the common "shear force + pressure" combined measurement method can achieve continuous wheel-rail force monitoring on standard straight tracks, it relies on the symmetrical cross-sectional structure of the rail and is not applicable to the complex turnout frog areas. Therefore, it is urgent to research and propose a continuous wheel-rail force measurement method suitable for turnout frog areas to solve the problems of discontinuous measurement areas, insufficient monitoring range, and signal distortion in existing technologies.

[0004] In summary, existing monitoring methods have the following shortcomings:

[0005] (1) Limited measurement range: The patch shear force measurement method is mostly arranged in the pillow box position, and the measurement area is less than 200mm long, making it difficult to achieve continuous monitoring within the meter range.

[0006] (2) Not suitable for asymmetrical turnout structure: The general "shear force + pressure" combined method relies on symmetrical cross-section rails, which fails in the special structure of the turnout area.

[0007] (3) Measurement blind spots exist: Traditional methods cannot cover the throat area and hazardous spaces of the turnout, resulting in discontinuous monitoring results and insufficient accuracy.

[0008] Existing wheel-rail force monitoring methods are mainly applicable to ordinary straight track sections and cannot effectively cover frog areas. Current methods fail to address the following issues: First, existing devices and layout strategies are primarily applied to ordinary straight track sections, leaving a gap in frog areas; second, due to limitations in shear force measurement characteristics, the transition ineffective zone is difficult to completely eliminate, preventing truly continuous monitoring; third, existing layouts are ill-suited to the asymmetrical structure of frog areas, resulting in insufficient continuity and accuracy of measurement results. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a wheel-rail force monitoring method that can adapt to the complex structure of frog areas and achieve continuous measurement throughout the entire track. This method would enable continuous wheel-rail force measurement in frog areas to monitor the stress state in real time, conduct preventative maintenance, extend turnout life, and ensure track safety. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for continuous measurement of wheel-rail forces in turnout frog areas. This method is mainly applied to stress monitoring in complex sections of railway turnouts (especially frog areas). By constructing a composite measurement area of ​​"shear force + compressive force," continuous dynamic measurement of wheel-rail vertical forces is achieved, providing data support for turnout maintenance, fatigue life prediction, and preventive maintenance, thus ensuring the safe operation of railway lines. By rationally arranging shear force and compressive force sensors at the sleeper mid-span and support points, continuous monitoring of wheel-rail vertical forces is achieved. Furthermore, considering the structural characteristics of the frog area, the spatial layout of measurement points is optimized, and embedding schemes are designed for different rail cross-section areas to ensure measurement coverage and signal stability in key areas. This invention can achieve high-precision, continuous wheel-rail vertical force measurement without affecting the normal operation of the turnout, effectively eliminating the measurement blind spots present in frog areas using traditional methods.

[0010] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail forces in the turnout frog area, comprising:

[0011] S1, construct the basic framework for the composite measurement area of ​​"shear force + pressure";

[0012] S2, determine the monitoring range and measurement point layout of the turnout frog area;

[0013] S3, construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points on the asymmetric structural section of the fork area, and calculate the combined shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the shear force measurement points;

[0014] S4. Based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle, a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area is constructed. A pad-type pressure sensor is installed at the fastener node position corresponding to the pressure measurement point in the frog area, and the vertical force is calculated based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged.

[0015] S5, Construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, use a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement.

[0016] S6, based on the combined shear force, vertical force and lateral force, continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area.

[0017] Preferably, S1 includes:

[0018] S11, continuous measurement of wheel-rail vertical force is achieved based on a unit test area composed of shear force measuring points and pressure measuring points. The measurement principle of the unit test area is as follows: During the process of the wheel rolling from the first shear force measuring point to the second shear force measuring point, the wheel-rail vertical force P satisfies: Where P is the vertical force between the wheel and rail, Q1 and Q2 are the shear forces at the mid-span of the sleeper, and R1, R2, and R3 are the support pressures at the sleepers.

[0019] S12, Set multiple shear force measurement points and multiple pressure measurement points Shear force measurement points Pressure measurement points in between The first unit measurement area is formed, and the shear force measurement points are... Pressure measurement points in between The second unit measurement area is constructed, and the shear force measurement points are set up. Pressure measurement points in between Combined, they form a composite survey area.

[0020] Preferably, S2 includes:

[0021] S21, Obtain the structural parameters of the target turnout and determine the monitoring range of the turnout frog area, including the frog rail, wing rail, switch rail and adjacent sleeper sections;

[0022] S22. Based on the wheel-rail force transmission characteristics, the combined measurement area of ​​the frog area is divided, and the relative positions of the shear force measurement point and the pressure measurement point are determined as the measurement point layout.

[0023] Preferably, S3 includes:

[0024] S31, based on the shear force measurement point Non-drilled shear sensors are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the rail web at the shear force measurement section corresponding to the asymmetrical structure section of the frog area. The non-drilled shear sensors are attached to the rail web by mechanical clamping. Two non-drilled shear sensors are configured for each shear force measurement section. The two non-drilled shear sensors are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the rail web to form a full-bridge measurement circuit.

[0025] S32, a pair of patch shear strain rosettes are set at the neutral axis position of the switch rail in the asymmetric section of the switch rail to capture the shear stress signal in the variable cross section region;

[0026] S33, calculate the composite shear force value of each shear force measurement section based on the sensor output of each shear force measurement section, including: the sensor output of each shear force measurement section is denoted as... Based on the shear force distribution characteristics, calculate the resultant shear force value for each shear force measurement section:

[0027] .

[0028] Preferably, S4 includes:

[0029] S41, based on multiple determined pressure measurement points Select the corresponding fastener node position, and based on the design principle of "one plate, one sensor", configure matching pad-type pressure sensors for fastener nodes of different structural sizes respectively;

[0030] S42, replace the existing iron pad with a pad-type pressure sensor, wherein each measurement point corresponds to a fastener node;

[0031] S43, calculate the vertical force based on the output signal of the pad-type pressure sensor.

[0032] Preferably, S5 includes:

[0033] S51, while retaining the vertical measurement function, the pad-type pressure sensor is modified by adding a lateral force sensing unit to form the modified pad-type pressure sensor. The modified pad-type pressure sensor is used to synchronously output lateral force signals.

[0034] S52, the modified pad-type pressure sensor is arranged at the measuring point of the iron pad to measure the lateral force.

[0035] Preferably, S6 includes:

[0036] S61, Construct a data acquisition system for the composite measurement area of ​​"shear force + pressure", including: connecting the non-drilling shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor to the same data acquisition platform, unifying the sampling frequency and time reference, and ensuring that each force measurement signal is synchronized;

[0037] S62, preprocessing and calibrating the shear force and pressure signals collected by the non-drilled shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor, including: zero-point correction and temperature compensation of the shear force and pressure signals; establishing the calibration relationship between the strain signal and the actual force value through static loading calibration and multi-point linear correction;

[0038] S63, based on the composite measurement area, combines the shear force measurement results with the pressure measurement results to eliminate blind spots and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force. The formula for calculating the wheel-rail interaction force is as follows: , ,in, These represent the combined shear forces at each shear force measurement section. The pressure at the corresponding fastener node position.

[0039] A second aspect of the present invention provides a continuous wheel-rail force measurement system for a turnout frog area, for implementing the method of the first aspect, comprising:

[0040] The composite survey area construction module is used to construct the basic framework of the "shear force + pressure" composite survey area;

[0041] The monitoring range and measuring point layout determination module is used to determine the monitoring range and measuring point layout in the turnout frog area.

[0042] The first sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points of the asymmetric structural section in the fork area, and to calculate the composite shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme of the shear force measurement points.

[0043] The second sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle. It installs a pad-type pressure sensor at the fastener node position corresponding to the pressure measurement point in the frog area, and calculates the vertical force based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged.

[0044] The third sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct the sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, using a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement;

[0045] The continuous measurement and calculation module is used to continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area based on the combined shear force, vertical force, and lateral force.

[0046] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a plurality of instructions, the processor being configured to read the instructions and execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0047] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions which can be read by a processor and executed as described in the first aspect.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the method and system of the present invention are as follows:

[0049] For the first time, continuous measurement of wheel-rail forces in the frog area of ​​a heavy-load turnout was achieved through a composite measurement area construction method and asymmetric sensor design, filling a technological gap in this field and providing a scientific basis for turnout maintenance decisions. The composite measurement area construction method involves forming a combined "shear force + pressure" measurement area in the turnout frog area, breaking through the limitations of traditional straight sections and covering the throat area and hazardous spaces of the frog area, which previously resulted in discontinuous monitoring results and insufficient accuracy. The asymmetric sensor design includes adding shear strain rosettes for the variable cross-section of the switch rail and symmetrically deploying shear sensors on the outer running rail, enabling effective monitoring of the same cross-section in special locations. Specific beneficial effects include:

[0050] (1) Comprehensive coverage: The monitoring range extends to the turnout area, eliminating harmful spaces and throat areas that traditional methods cannot cover.

[0051] (2) Strong continuity: Through the principle of composite measurement area, continuous monitoring of meter-level range is achieved, avoiding the transition invalid area.

[0052] (3) Good adaptability: The innovative sensing design can adapt to the complex and asymmetrical structure of the turnout, and the replacement measurement sensor keeps the turnout function and geometric parameters unchanged.

[0053] (4) High accuracy: The measurement accuracy is better than 1%FS by adopting multi-point calibration and compensation method.

[0054] (5) Great application value: It provides reliable data support for turnout fatigue life prediction, fault diagnosis and maintenance decision-making, and improves operation safety and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the continuous wheel-rail force measurement principle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of the composite survey area method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of measuring points in the frog area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of shear force measurement sections 1 and 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shear force measurement section 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of force measurement using a pad-type pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the continuous wheel-rail force measurement principle in the frog area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 A field diagram of a heavy-duty frog provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the layout of on-site measuring points in the turnout frog area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 10 This is a field installation diagram of the shear force sensors at sections Q1 and Q2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 11 This is a field installation diagram of the Q3 section shear force sensor provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 12 This is a field installation diagram of a pad-type pressure sensor provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail forces in the turnout frog area, including:

[0074] S1, construct the basic framework for the composite measurement area of ​​"shear force + pressure";

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, S1 includes:

[0076] S11, continuous measurement of wheel-rail vertical force is achieved based on a unit test area composed of shear force measuring points and pressure measuring points. The measurement principle of the unit test area is as follows: During the process of the wheel rolling from the first shear force measuring point to the second shear force measuring point, the wheel-rail vertical force P satisfies: Where P is the vertical force between the wheel and the rail. For the shear force at the mid-span of the sleeper, The fulcrum pressure at the sleeper;

[0077] In this embodiment, the principle of continuous measurement of wheel-rail vertical force in a single measurement area using "shear force + pressure" is as follows: Figure 1 The schematic diagram of continuous wheel-rail force measurement is shown. P is the vertical force on the wheel and rail. For the shear force at the mid-span of the sleeper, This is the pressure at the sleeper. According to the principle of force balance, the vertical force between the wheel and rail satisfies the following condition throughout the entire process of the wheel rolling from Q1 to Q2. A unit test area is formed between the shear force measurement point and the pressure measurement point, with an effective length of up to meters, thereby enabling continuous measurement of the vertical force between the wheel and rail.

[0078] S12, Set multiple shear force measurement points and multiple pressure measurement points Shear force measurement points Pressure measurement points in between The first unit measurement area is formed, and the shear force measurement points are... Pressure measurement points in between The second unit measurement area is constructed, and the shear force measurement points are set up. Pressure measurement points in between Combined, they form a composite survey area.

[0079] In this embodiment, the measurement principle of the composite measurement area is as follows: Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the composite measurement area method is shown. Multiple shear force measurement points are set up. and multiple pressure measurement points Among them, shear force measurement points Pressure measurement points in between The first unit measurement area L1 is formed; shear force measurement points Pressure measurement points in between This constitutes the second unit measurement area L2; shear force measurement points. Pressure measurement points in between The combined data forms a composite measurement area Lc. The vertical force of the wheelset in each measurement area is recorded separately, and continuous monitoring of the shear force measurement points Q1 to Q3 is achieved through time series combination.

[0080] S2, determine the monitoring range and measurement point layout of the turnout frog area;

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, S2 includes:

[0082] S21, Obtain the structural parameters of the target turnout and determine the monitoring range of the turnout frog area, including the frog rail, wing rail, switch rail and adjacent sleeper sections;

[0083] S22. Based on the wheel-rail force transmission characteristics, the combined measurement area of ​​the frog area is divided, and the relative positions of the shear force measurement point and the pressure measurement point are determined as the measurement point layout.

[0084] In this embodiment, based on the wheel-rail force transmission characteristics, the frog area is divided into combined measurement zones, and the frog area is formed into a composite measurement zone according to the variable cross-section characteristics of the rail; and the relative positions of the shear force measurement points and the pressure measurement points are determined, such as... Figure 3 The layout of the measuring points in the frog area is shown. Each measuring area is approximately 1.25m long, with a total measuring area length of approximately 2.5m, ensuring coverage of the throat area and hazardous spaces of interest, and meeting the wheel-rail force monitoring requirements in the frog area.

[0085] S3, construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points on the asymmetric structural section of the fork area, and calculate the combined shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the shear force measurement points;

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, S3 includes:

[0087] S31, based on the shear force measurement point Non-drilled shear sensors are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the rail web at the shear force measurement section corresponding to the asymmetrical structure section of the frog area. The non-drilled shear sensors are attached to the rail web by mechanical clamping. Two non-drilled shear sensors are configured for each shear force measurement section. The two non-drilled shear sensors are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the rail web to form a full-bridge measurement circuit.

[0088] In this embodiment, the shear force measurement point is given in S22. Non-drilling shear force sensors are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the running track web, such as... Figure 4 The installation diagram of shear force measurement sections 1 and 2 is shown. The non-drilled shear force sensor is mechanically clamped to fit the rail web to ensure a stable force transmission path.

[0089] S32, a pair of patch shear strain rosettes are set at the neutral axis position of the switch rail in the asymmetric section of the switch rail to capture the shear stress signal in the variable cross section region;

[0090] In this embodiment, for the asymmetric cross-section of the switch rail, a patch-type shear strain roser is added at the neutral axis position, such as... Figure 5 The installation diagram of shear force measurement section 3 is shown to capture the shear stress signal in the special variable cross-section region of the switch rail.

[0091] S33, calculate the composite shear force value of each shear force measurement section based on the sensor output of each shear force measurement section, including: the sensor output of each shear force measurement section is denoted as... Based on the shear force distribution characteristics, calculate the resultant shear force value for each shear force measurement section:

[0092]

[0093] S4. Based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle, a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area is constructed. A pad-type pressure sensor is installed at the fastener node position corresponding to the pressure measurement point in the frog area, and the vertical force is calculated based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, S4 includes:

[0095] S41, based on multiple determined pressure measurement points Select the corresponding fastener node position, and based on the design principle of "one plate, one sensor", configure matching pad-type pressure sensors for fastener nodes of different structural sizes respectively;

[0096] In this embodiment, for the No. 7 to No. 10 iron pads in the turnout area, the design principle of "one plate, one sensor" is adopted, and matching pad-type pressure sensors are configured for fastener nodes with different structural dimensions.

[0097] S42, replace the existing iron pad with a pad-type pressure sensor, wherein each measurement point corresponds to a fastener node, keeping the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged, and ensuring that the track gauge, elevation and fastener stiffness meet the original design requirements of the turnout;

[0098] S43, calculate the vertical force based on the output signal of the pad-type pressure sensor.

[0099] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the pressure sensor for measuring force is shown. The pressure sensor for measuring force outputs five sets of signals: vertical force signal. ,Left bolt force signal Right bolt force signal The formula for calculating the vertical force is as follows: .

[0100] S5, Construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, use a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment, S5 includes:

[0102] S51, while retaining the vertical measurement function, the pad-type pressure sensor is modified by adding a lateral force sensing unit to form the modified pad-type pressure sensor. This modified pad-type pressure sensor is used to synchronously output a lateral force signal, such as... Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the force measurement using a pad-type pressure sensor is shown.

[0103] S52, the modified pad-type pressure sensor is arranged at the measuring point of the iron pad to measure the lateral force.

[0104] S6, based on the combined shear force, vertical force and lateral force, continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, S6 includes:

[0106] S61, Construct a data acquisition system for the "shear force + pressure" composite measurement area, including: connecting the non-drilling shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor to the same data acquisition platform, unifying the sampling frequency and time reference, and ensuring the synchronization of each force measurement signal; the acquisition system has high-precision strain signal conditioning, anti-interference filtering, temperature compensation and real-time data transmission functions to adapt to the complex electromagnetic environment and temperature changes on site.

[0107] S62, preprocessing and calibrating the shear force and pressure signals collected by the non-drilled shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor, including: zero-point correction and temperature compensation of the shear force and pressure signals; establishing the calibration relationship between the strain signal and the actual force value through static loading calibration and multi-point linear correction;

[0108] In this embodiment, the shear force signals at each measurement point are... and pressure signals Zero-point correction and temperature compensation are performed; through static loading calibration and multi-point linear correction, the calibration relationship between strain signal and actual force value is established to ensure measurement accuracy is better than 1%FS.

[0109] S63, based on the composite measurement area, combines the shear force measurement results with the pressure measurement results to eliminate blind spots and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force. The formula for calculating the wheel-rail interaction force is as follows: , ,in, These represent the combined shear forces at each shear force measurement section. The pressure at the corresponding fastener node position.

[0110] In this embodiment, the calculation of continuous wheel-rail force based on the combination of measurement sections includes: according to the composite measurement area design, combining the shear force measurement results and the pressure measurement results according to their positional relationship to eliminate the measurement blind spots caused by a single measurement point and achieve continuous coverage of the force; such as Figure 7 The schematic diagram of continuous wheel-rail force measurement in the frog area is shown. The formula for calculating the wheel-rail force is as follows:

[0111] ;

[0112] ;

[0113] in, These represent the combined shear forces at each shear force measurement section. The pressure at the corresponding fastener node position.

[0114] Application Examples

[0115] This embodiment uses turnout #109 on heavy-load test line I as the work site, and employs the proposed continuous wheel-rail force measurement method in the turnout frog area to construct a continuous monitoring system for wheel-rail force in the frog area. The method includes the following steps:

[0116] S1. Constructing the basic framework for the composite survey area of ​​"shear force + pressure".

[0117] Step S11: Based on the principle of continuous measurement in a single measurement area, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a unit test area is formed between the shear force measurement point and the pressure measurement point, and the force balance formula is used. This enables continuous measurement of the vertical force between the wheel and rail.

[0118] Step S12: Construct a composite survey area framework, such as... Figure 2 As shown, shear force measurement points are arranged. and pressure measurement points First Unit Survey Area Depend on and pressure measurement points in between Composition, second unit survey area Depend on and pressure measurement points in between The two components together form a composite monitoring area Lc, covering key areas of the frog zone, enabling continuous monitoring of wheel-rail forces.

[0119] S2. Determine the monitoring range and monitoring point layout for the turnout / frog area.

[0120] Step S21: Obtain the structural parameters of the target turnout and determine the monitoring range, including the frog rail, wing rail, switch rail, and adjacent sleeper sections. Taking turnout #109 as an example, this turnout is a No. 12 fixed frog single turnout, with a rail type of 75kg / m, a front length of 16592mm, and a rear length of 21208mm. Figure 8 The heavy-load frog on site is shown in the picture.

[0121] Step S22: Based on the variable cross-section characteristics of the rail, divide the frog area into two measurement zones, each approximately 1.25m long, for a total length of approximately 2.5m, ensuring coverage of the throat area and hazardous spaces. Shear force measurement points are arranged in the rail web area, and pressure measurement points are selected at the corresponding fastener node locations, such as... Figure 9 The layout diagram of the on-site measuring points in the turnout frog area is shown.

[0122] S3. Sensor design for shear force measurement points in asymmetric cross-sections of the frog area

[0123] Step S31: In A non-drilling shear force sensor is installed on the outer side of the rail web and fixed with mechanical clamping to ensure stress stability. One sensor is placed on each side of each cross-section to form a full-bridge circuit. Figure 10 of The on-site installation diagram of the cross-sectional shear force sensor is shown.

[0124] Step S32: For the switch rail neutral axis region, in A pair of shear strain gauges are added to the cross-section to capture stress signals under special variable cross-sections, such as... Figure 11 The on-site installation diagram of the Q3 section shear force sensor is shown.

[0125] Step S33: The sensor output signal is identified as follows The calculation formula is: , ,

[0126] S4. Sensor design for pressure measurement points in the frog area

[0127] Step S41: In The existing track pads are replaced with pad-type pressure sensors, with each pad corresponding to a fastener node, maintaining the original track gauge and fastener structure unchanged. For different types of track pads, a "one pad, one sensor" principle is adopted, matching the machining dimensions and installation as follows: Figure 12 The on-site installation diagram of the pad-type pressure sensor is shown.

[0128] Step S42: The pad-type pressure sensor outputs three sets of signals, with the vertical force Fn determined by... The composition is calculated using the formula: Fn = Fn0 + Fn1 + Fn2.

[0129] S5. Sensor design for lateral force measurement points in the turnout area;

[0130] Step S51. At the measuring point on the iron pad, a modified pad-type pressure sensor is used to achieve lateral measurement. While retaining the vertical measurement function, the sensor adds a lateral force sensing unit, which can synchronously output lateral force signals Hn1Hn2, such as... Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the force measurement of the pad-type pressure sensor is shown.

[0131] S6. Achieve continuous measurement and calculation of wheel-rail forces in the frog area.

[0132] Step S61: Connect all shear force sensors and pressure sensors to the same data acquisition platform, and use high-precision strain signal conditioning, anti-interference filtering and real-time data transmission technology to ensure synchronous signal acquisition.

[0133] Step S62: Perform zero-point correction, temperature compensation, and calibration on the shear force and pressure signals, using static loading and multi-point linear correction to ensure measurement accuracy is better than 1%FS.

[0134] Step S63: Based on the composite test area, combine the shear force measurement value and the pressure measurement value, and calculate the continuous wheel-rail interaction force according to the following formula: , .

[0135] Example 2

[0136] This embodiment provides a continuous wheel-rail force measurement system for turnout frog areas, including:

[0137] The composite survey area construction module is used to construct the basic framework of the "shear force + pressure" composite survey area;

[0138] The monitoring range and measuring point layout determination module is used to determine the monitoring range and measuring point layout in the turnout frog area.

[0139] The first sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points of the asymmetric structural section in the fork area, and to calculate the composite shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme of the shear force measurement points.

[0140] The second sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle. It installs a pad-type pressure sensor at the fastener node position corresponding to the pressure measurement point in the frog area, and calculates the vertical force based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged.

[0141] The third sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct the sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, using a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement;

[0142] The continuous measurement and calculation module is used to continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area based on the combined shear force, vertical force, and lateral force.

[0143] The present invention also provides a memory that stores multiple instructions for implementing the method as described in Embodiment 1.

[0144] like Figure 13 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor 301 and a memory 302 connected to the processor 301. The memory 302 stores a plurality of instructions, which can be loaded and executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform methods as described in Embodiments 2 and 3.

[0145] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area, characterized in that, include: S1, construct the basic framework for the composite survey area of ​​"shear force + pressure"; S2, determine the monitoring range and measurement point layout of the turnout frog area; S3, construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points on the asymmetric structural section of the fork area, and calculate the combined shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the shear force measurement points; S4. Based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle, a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area is constructed. A pad-type pressure sensor is installed at the fastener node position corresponding to the pressure measurement point in the frog area, and the vertical force is calculated based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged. S5, Construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, use a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement. S6, based on the combined shear force, vertical force and lateral force, continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area.

2. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: S11, continuous measurement of wheel-rail vertical force is achieved based on a unit test area composed of shear force measuring points and pressure measuring points. The measurement principle of the unit test area is as follows: During the process of the wheel rolling from the first shear force measuring point to the second shear force measuring point, the wheel-rail vertical force P satisfies: Where P is the vertical force between the wheel and rail, Q1 and Q2 are the shear forces at the mid-span of the sleeper, and R1, R2, and R3 are the support pressures at the sleepers. S12, Set multiple shear force measurement points and multiple pressure measurement points The shear force measurement points Q1 and Q2, together with the pressure measurement points F1 to F3 in between, constitute the first unit measurement area. The shear force measurement points Q2 and Q3, together with the pressure measurement points F4 to F6 in between, constitute the second unit measurement area. The shear force measurement points Q1 and Q3, together with the pressure measurement points F1 to F6 in between, form a composite measurement area.

3. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 includes: S21, Obtain the structural parameters of the target turnout and determine the monitoring range of the turnout frog area, including the frog rail, wing rail, switch rail and adjacent sleeper sections; S22. Based on the wheel-rail force transmission characteristics, the combined measurement area of ​​the frog area is divided, and the relative positions of the shear force measurement point and the pressure measurement point are determined as the measurement point layout.

4. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 3, characterized in that, S3 includes: S31, based on the shear force measurement point Non-drilled shear sensors are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the rail web at the shear force measurement section corresponding to the asymmetrical structure section of the frog area. The non-drilled shear sensors are attached to the rail web by mechanical clamping. Two non-drilled shear sensors are configured for each shear force measurement section. The two non-drilled shear sensors are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the rail web to form a full-bridge measurement circuit. S32, a pair of patch shear strain rosettes are set at the neutral axis position of the switch rail in the asymmetric section of the switch rail to capture the shear stress signal in the variable cross section region; S33, calculate the composite shear force value of each shear force measurement section based on the sensor output of each shear force measurement section, including: the sensor output of each shear force measurement section is denoted as... Based on the shear force distribution characteristics, calculate the resultant shear force value for each shear force measurement section: ； ； 。 5. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 4, characterized in that, S4 includes: S41, based on multiple determined pressure measurement points Select the corresponding fastener node position, and based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle, configure matching pad-type pressure sensors for fastener nodes of different structural sizes respectively; S42, replace the existing iron pad with a pad-type pressure sensor, wherein each measurement point corresponds to a fastener node; S43, calculate the vertical force based on the output signal of the pad-type pressure sensor.

6. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 5, characterized in that, S5 includes: S51, while retaining the vertical measurement function, the pad-type pressure sensor is modified by adding a lateral force sensing unit to form the modified pad-type pressure sensor. The modified pad-type pressure sensor is used to synchronously output lateral force signals. S52, the modified pad-type pressure sensor is arranged at the measuring point of the iron pad to measure the lateral force.

7. The method for continuous measurement of wheel-rail interaction force in a turnout frog area according to claim 6, characterized in that, S6 includes: S61, Construct a data acquisition system for the "shear force + pressure" composite measurement area, including: connecting the non-drilling shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor to the same data acquisition platform, unifying the sampling frequency and time reference, and ensuring that each force measurement signal is synchronized; S62, preprocessing and calibrating the shear force and pressure signals collected by the non-drilled shear force sensor and the pad-type pressure sensor, including: zero-point correction and temperature compensation of the shear force and pressure signals; establishing the calibration relationship between the strain signal and the actual force value through static loading calibration and multi-point linear correction; S63, based on the composite measurement area, combines the shear force measurement results with the pressure measurement results to eliminate blind spots and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force. The formula for calculating the wheel-rail interaction force is as follows: , ,in, These represent the combined shear forces at each shear force measurement section. The pressure at the corresponding fastener node position.

8. A continuous wheel-rail force measurement system for turnout frog areas, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The composite survey area construction module is used to build the basic framework of the "shear force + pressure" composite survey area; The monitoring range and measuring point layout determination module is used to determine the monitoring range and measuring point layout in the turnout frog area. The first sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for shear force measurement points of the asymmetric structural section in the fork area, and to calculate the composite shear force value of the shear force measurement section based on the sensor arrangement scheme of the shear force measurement points. The second sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct a sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area based on the "one plate, one sensor" design principle. It installs pad-type pressure sensors at the fastener node positions corresponding to the pressure measurement points in the frog area and calculates the vertical force based on the sensor arrangement scheme for the pressure measurement points in the frog area. The "one plate, one sensor" design principle is used to keep the overall structure and installation method of the fastener system unchanged. The third sensor arrangement scheme construction module is used to construct the sensor arrangement scheme for the lateral force measurement points in the turnout area, including: at the iron pad measuring point, using a modified pad-type pressure sensor to realize the lateral force measurement; The continuous measurement and calculation module is used to continuously measure and calculate the wheel-rail interaction force in the frog area based on the combined shear force, vertical force, and lateral force.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing multiple instructions, and the processor being used to read the instructions and execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, which can be read by a processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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