Blueberry strip type substrate cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a strip-type substrate cultivation method for blueberries, the adopted substrate is richer, raw materials capable of being used for strip-type substrate cultivation can replace crop straw, pine needles, wood residues, medicine residues, bagasse, cassava residues, peanut shells, cotton seed hulls, barks, rice husks and the like of peat and coco coir, and the raw materials are easy to obtain and lower in cost; before the strip-type substrate is laid, the permeation pipes for preventing water accumulation are embedded in advance, so that redundant water in the blueberry planting process can be drained through the underground permeation pipes, and the situation that the growth of blueberry root systems is affected due to the fact that the water content of the blueberry cultivation substrate is too high is avoided; the problems that the humidity in a greenhouse is high, botrytis cinerea and other diseases are easy to breed, the diseases are difficult to radically treat and the percolate is difficult to dispose due to the fact that the percolate in blueberry substrate cultivation is retained in underground soil in the greenhouse for facility cultivation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of modern agricultural planting technology, specifically a method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Blueberries are not only rich in common nutrients, but also contain relatively abundant flavonoids and polysaccharides, as well as anthocyanins, which have the effects of protecting the eyes, improving memory, and slowing down aging.

[0003] Currently, container (potted) substrate cultivation of blueberries presents several technical challenges in production, including limited and poor root growth. After two years, root growth in container-grown blueberries becomes restricted, with roots becoming tangled within the substrate. After four to five years, root growth is severely limited because the roots easily fill the gaps in the substrate, resulting in poor aeration, excessive moisture content, and hindered root respiration. This leads to poor growth, insufficient supply of water, fertilizer, and nutrients, smaller fruit, lower quality, and reduced yield. By the sixth year, replanting is often necessary.

[0004] Inadequate soil improvement often leads to soil compaction and poor drainage in blueberry cultivation, resulting in poor root growth and impacting yield and quality. In severe cases, it can cause extensive yellowing of leaves in mature blueberry bushes, eventually leading to their death and significant losses.

[0005] The exudate from blueberries grown in container (potted) substrate is difficult to dispose of, as most of it seeps directly into the ground, posing a risk of groundwater pollution. Centralized disposal would be very costly, and recycling it again carries the risk of pathogen transmission.

[0006] Most blueberries grown in the ground are cultivated outdoors, which makes flood prevention during the rainy season difficult. Inadequate soil improvement and poor drainage can affect the healthy growth of blueberries in the later stages.

[0007] In summary, both existing substrate pot cultivation and ground-planted blueberry cultivation methods have numerous unresolved problems. Therefore, this invention provides a strip substrate cultivation method for blueberries to address issues such as limited root growth leading to poor later growth in substrate pot cultivation and ground-planted blueberries, as well as inadequate treatment of substrate exudate and soil improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a blueberry strip substrate cultivation method to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15-20cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used to drain the exudate. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots.

[0011] Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each;

[0012] Step 3, Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix all materials according to the weight ratio, ferment thoroughly, turn the mixture periodically, and control the fermentation temperature daily;

[0013] Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate;

[0014] Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1, the permeation pipe is a PE or PVC pipe with a diameter of 90-110cm, and the permeation pipe is buried 120cm underground by a settling method.

[0016] Preferably, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30-35 parts imported peat, 10-15 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15-20 parts wood chips, 8-12 parts rice husks, 10-13 parts bamboo residue, 12-15 parts pine needles, 5-10 parts peanut shells, and 3-5 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0017] Preferably, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 35 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 8 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 12 parts pine needles, 5 parts peanut shells, and 5 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 11 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 11 parts bamboo residue, 13 parts pine needles, 7 parts peanut shells, and 3 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0019] Preferably, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 15 parts pine needles, 6 parts peanut shells, and 4 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0020] Preferably, the matrix preparation method in step 3 includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 31, Matrix Proportioning: Weigh each raw material according to the weight ratio and mix thoroughly;

[0022] Step 32, substrate fermentation: pile up and ferment for 15 to 25 days, turning it over every 5 days, and check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials every day. The fermentation temperature should be controlled at 55 to 65℃.

[0023] Step 33, substrate laying: Pile the prepared blueberry substrate onto the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. This invention changes the existing substrate pot blueberry planting mode, which is conducive to the growth of blueberry roots and solves the drawbacks of existing substrate pot blueberry cultivation and ground blueberry planting. The blueberry roots are not restricted by the substrate pot and the soil environment, and the blueberry roots can grow freely along the strips.

[0027] 2. The substrate used in this invention is more abundant. The raw materials that can replace peat and coconut coir for strip substrate cultivation include crop straw, pine needles, wood chips, medicinal residue, sugarcane bagasse, cassava residue, peanut shells, cottonseed hulls, bark, rice hulls, etc. The raw materials are readily available and the cost is lower.

[0028] 3. Before laying the strip substrate, pre-bury the seepage pipes to prevent water accumulation. This allows excess water to be drained through the underground seepage pipes during blueberry cultivation, preventing the blueberry cultivation substrate from having excessive moisture content, which would affect the growth of blueberry roots. This solves the problem of exudate remaining in the underground soil of greenhouses during blueberry substrate cultivation, causing high humidity, easy growth of gray mold and other diseases that are difficult to eradicate, and difficult to dispose of the exudate.

[0029] 4. This invention addresses the numerous drawbacks and problems of existing blueberry cultivation technologies by creatively developing a highly efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly strip substrate cultivation method for blueberries. It not only possesses unique creativity and novelty in cultivation models, raw material ratios, and the installation of water-resistant permeable pipes, but also demonstrates strong practicality in terms of raw materials, production, use, and effects. It provides a highly promising and technologically valuable solution for high-quality and efficient blueberry cultivation technology, sustainable management of leachate, and the development of green and organic agriculture. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the process of this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the matrix preparation method in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-2 A method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15-20cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used to drain the exudate. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots.

[0035] Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each;

[0036] Step 3, Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix all materials according to the weight ratio, ferment thoroughly, turn the mixture periodically, and control the fermentation temperature daily;

[0037] Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate;

[0038] Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

[0039] Specifically, in step 1, the permeation pipe is a PE or PVC pipe with a diameter of 90-110cm, and the permeation pipe is buried 120cm underground using a settling method.

[0040] Specifically, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30-35 parts imported peat, 10-15 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15-20 parts wood chips, 8-12 parts rice husks, 10-13 parts bamboo residue, 12-15 parts pine needles, 5-10 parts peanut shells, and 3-5 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0041] Specifically, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 35 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 8 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 12 parts pine needles, 5 parts peanut shells, and 5 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0042] Specifically, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 11 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 11 parts bamboo residue, 13 parts pine needles, 7 parts peanut shells, and 3 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0043] Specifically, the raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 15 parts pine needles, 6 parts peanut shells, and 4 parts microbial fertilizer.

[0044] Specifically, the matrix preparation method in step 3 includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 31, Matrix Proportioning: Weigh each raw material according to the weight ratio and mix thoroughly;

[0046] Step 32, substrate fermentation: pile up and ferment for 15 to 25 days, turning it over every 5 days, and check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials every day. The fermentation temperature should be controlled at 55 to 65℃.

[0047] Step 33, substrate laying: Pile the prepared blueberry substrate onto the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used for exudate drainage. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots.

[0051] Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each;

[0052] Step 3, Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix the materials according to the following weight proportions (raw materials are composed of: 35 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 8 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 12 parts pine needles, 5 parts peanut shells, and 5 parts microbial fertilizer). Pile and ferment for 15-25 days, turning it over every 5 days. Check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials daily, and control the fermentation temperature at 55-65℃. Spread the prepared blueberry substrate on the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

[0053] Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate, with a row spacing of 3m and a plant spacing of 1.0m;

[0054] Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used for exudate drainage. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots.

[0058] Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each;

[0059] Step 3: Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix the materials according to the following weight proportions (raw materials are composed of: 30 parts imported peat, 11 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 11 parts bamboo residue, 13 parts pine needles, 7 parts peanut shells, and 3 parts microbial fertilizer). Pile and ferment for 15-25 days, turning it over every 5 days. Check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials daily, and control the fermentation temperature at 55-65℃. Spread the prepared blueberry substrate on the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

[0060] Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate, with a row spacing of 3m and a plant spacing of 1.0m;

[0061] Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used for exudate drainage. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots.

[0065] Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each;

[0066] Step 3: Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix the materials according to the following weight proportions (raw materials by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 15 parts pine needles, 6 parts peanut shells, and 4 parts microbial fertilizer). Pile and ferment for 15-25 days, turning it over every 5 days. Check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials daily, controlling the fermentation temperature at 55-65℃. Spread the prepared blueberry substrate on the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

[0067] Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate, with a row spacing of 3m and a plant spacing of 1.0m;

[0068] Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

[0069] Test case

[0070] From 2022 to 2025, a demonstration experiment of blueberry strip substrate cultivation was conducted in Yaodu Town, Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province.

[0071] The experimental site covers an area of ​​100 mu (approximately 6.7 hectares), and the experimental varieties are O'Neill and Legacy.

[0072] Experimental method: same field comparison method, setting up an experimental area of ​​100 mu, 50 mu of blueberry strip substrate cultivation method and 50 mu of substrate pot cultivation experimental area.

[0073] 1) Blueberry strip substrate cultivation method experimental area. Before planting blueberries, pre-made PE pipes with a diameter of 110cm were buried. Three rows of holes were drilled on the upper radius of the pipes, with a hole spacing of 15cm. The burial method involved sinking the permeation pipes into the ground to a depth of 120cm.

[0074] Prepare the blueberry strip cultivation substrate: 30 parts imported peat moss, 10 parts coconut coir granules (2-5cm diameter), 15 parts sawdust, 10 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 15 parts pine needles, 6 parts peanut shells, and 4 parts microbial fertilizer. Weigh each ingredient according to the specified proportions and mix thoroughly. Pile and ferment for 20 days, maintaining a fermentation temperature of 55-65℃. Spread the prepared blueberry substrate onto pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm. Plant blueberries with a row spacing of 3m and a plant spacing of 1.0m. Secure the horticultural ground cover.

[0075] 2) Substrate pot cultivation experimental area: 25L substrate pots commonly used in production were used. The substrate ratio was 40 parts peat moss, 40 parts coconut coir, and 20 parts perlite, mixed and then filled into the pots. The row spacing was 3m and the plant spacing was 1.0m.

[0076] Experimental results:

[0077] In the fourth year after the experiment, the blueberries grown using the strip substrate cultivation method had well-developed root systems, no root entanglement, robust plants, high yield, and good quality, with a yield of 1350 kg of blueberries per mu.

[0078] Blueberries grown in substrate pots suffer from stunted root growth, severe root entanglement, poor plant growth, small fruit size, reduced yield, and poor quality, with a yield of only 850 kg of blueberries per mu (approximately 0.16 acres).

[0079] The experimental results show that the strip substrate cultivation method for blueberries is significantly superior to that of substrate pot cultivation. Blueberries grown in strip substrate have well-developed root systems, robust plant growth, high yields, and good quality.

[0080] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for blueberry strip substrate cultivation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Laying the permeation pipes: The upper radius of the permeation pipes has three rows of holes spaced 15-20cm apart, which are used to drain excess exudate from the bottom of the blueberry strip cultivation. The lower radius of the permeation pipes is not perforated, which is used to drain the exudate. Burying the permeation pipes drains the liquid and water that seeps out of the blueberry strip cultivation, preventing excess water and exudate generated during water management from affecting the growth of blueberry roots. Step 2: Lay gardening ground cover: Use gardening ground cover with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters and lay it flat on the ground; the bottom 60 to 80 cm and the left and right sides 30 to 35 cm each; Step 3, Blueberry substrate preparation: Mix all materials according to the weight ratio, ferment thoroughly, turn the mixture periodically, and control the fermentation temperature daily; Step 4, Blueberry Planting: Plant the blueberry seedlings directly in the substrate; Step 5: Forming blueberry strip substrate cultivation: After the blueberries are planted, wrap the strip substrate with horticultural cloth and lock the two sides with buckles, or use 15-20cm wire with hooks at both ends to hook the two sides of the horticultural cloth to form blueberry strip substrate cultivation.

2. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the permeation pipe is a PE or PVC pipe with a diameter of 90-110cm, and the permeation pipe is buried 120cm underground by a settling method.

3. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30-35 parts imported peat, 10-15 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15-20 parts wood chips, 8-12 parts rice husks, 10-13 parts bamboo residue, 12-15 parts pine needles, 5-10 parts peanut shells, and 3-5 parts microbial fertilizer.

4. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 35 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 8 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 12 parts pine needles, 5 parts peanut shells, and 5 parts microbial fertilizer.

5. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 11 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 11 parts bamboo residue, 13 parts pine needles, 7 parts peanut shells, and 3 parts microbial fertilizer.

6. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The raw materials of the substrate in step 3 are composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts imported peat, 10 parts coconut coir granules with a particle size of 2-5cm, 15 parts wood chips, 10 parts rice husks, 10 parts bamboo residue, 15 parts pine needles, 6 parts peanut shells, and 4 parts microbial fertilizer.

7. The blueberry strip substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matrix preparation method in step 3 includes the following steps: Step 31, Matrix Proportioning: Weigh each raw material according to the weight ratio and mix thoroughly; Step 32, substrate fermentation: pile up and ferment for 15 to 25 days, turning it over every 5 days, and check the fermentation temperature of the prepared materials every day. The fermentation temperature should be controlled at 55 to 65℃. Step 33, substrate laying: Pile the prepared blueberry substrate onto the pre-made horticultural ground cover, with a pile width of 60-80cm and a pile thickness of 40-50cm.

Images