Hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of skin medical materials. The dressing is prepared by taking a glycerol / water / ethanol ternary mixed solvent as a dissolving system, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid and aluminum trichloride to construct a polymer skeleton matrix, and then adding traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients. The preparation does not need complex temperature control curing, the ternary solvent can realize uniform dissolution and stable dispersion of the active ingredients, the effective ingredients are prevented from being damaged by high temperature, the encapsulation efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is more than 90%, and the medicine can be slowly released for 72 hours. The dressing has a multi-target anti-inflammatory effect, can reduce the level of TNF-alpha at a skin lesion and promote proliferation of keratinocytes, is excellent in tensile and torsional stability, and can be attached to the skin for a long time in a dynamic environment. The preparation method is simple in process, controllable in raw material cost, high in production efficiency, suitable for large-scale production, good in dressing biocompatibility, high in safety, suitable for treatment of atopic dermatitis of different severity degrees and large in clinical transformation potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of skin medical materials technology, specifically relating to a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogel dressings, as an important material in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), have demonstrated advantages in relieving dry skin lesions and reducing external irritation due to their high water content, biomimetic skin matrix properties, and controllable drug release capabilities. With the continued rise in the global incidence of AD, especially in children where the incidence has reached 17%, the development of highly effective, safe, and suitable hydrogel dressings for complex AD conditions is urgently needed. Currently, among commonly used clinical treatments for AD, steroid drugs (such as hydrocortisone succinate) can rapidly suppress inflammation, but long-term use can easily lead to skin atrophy, telangiectasia, and drug dependence, which greatly limits their application in children and AD patients in sensitive areas. Traditional single-component hydrogel dressings (such as moisturizing dressings containing only salicylic acid) have relatively limited functions, only providing basic moisturizing and mild anti-inflammatory effects, lacking the ability to synergistically regulate the pathological cycle of "inflammation-immune imbalance-barrier damage" in AD, and thus failing to meet the treatment needs of complex AD conditions. With the global incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuing to rise (the incidence rate in children has reached 17%), the development of hydrogel dressings that combine multi-target anti-inflammatory, safe and non-addictive, and barrier repair functions has become a key direction for solving the pain points of clinical treatment.

[0003] The research and application of hydrogel dressings for AD treatment still face three major technological bottlenecks: 1) The compatibility and stability of active ingredients and polymer matrices. The active ingredients required for AD treatment (such as extracts from traditional Chinese medicine and components from Western medicine) have significantly different physicochemical properties. Extracts from honeysuckle and scutellaria baicalensis in traditional Chinese medicine contain large amounts of phenols and flavonoids, which are hydrophilic and temperature-sensitive. Salicylic acid, matrine, and oxymatrine, on the other hand, are both lipophilic and pH-sensitive, easily leading to uneven dissolution, phase separation, or precipitation in a single solvent system, resulting in low drug loading efficiency. Traditional hydrogel preparation often uses high-temperature cross-linking processes, which easily destroy the heat-sensitive active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine extracts (such as baicalin and chlorogenic acid), leading to a significant decrease in anti-inflammatory activity. Meanwhile, components from Western medicine (such as hydrocortisone succinate) may undergo crystal transformation at high temperatures, affecting efficacy. Furthermore, the phenolic hydroxyl groups in traditional Chinese medicine components easily bind non-specifically to the hydroxyl groups of the polymer matrix, further reducing drug release efficiency. 2) The mismatch between the singular anti-inflammatory function and clinical needs. Existing hydrogel dressings mostly focus on inhibiting single inflammatory factors (such as TNF-α) or rely solely on a single type of active ingredient, making it difficult to address the complex pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD pathogenesis involves multiple stages, including Th2 immune hyperactivity, abnormal keratinocyte proliferation, and impaired skin barrier function. Single-component dressings (such as those containing only salicylic acid) can only mildly inhibit excessive keratinocyte proliferation and cannot regulate immune imbalance. While pure steroid hydrogels have strong anti-inflammatory effects, they have poor safety profiles and are prone to causing side effects. More importantly, AD treatment needs to balance "rapid anti-inflammatory" and "long-term repair" functions. In the acute phase, rapid control of inflammation is needed to relieve itching and swelling, while in the chronic phase, promoting keratinocyte proliferation is needed to repair the barrier. However, traditional dressings cannot achieve differentiated release regulation of different active ingredients, either causing local irritation due to drug over-release or failing to control acute inflammation in time due to slow release, making it difficult to meet the treatment needs of different stages of AD. 3) The solvent system of the polymer matrix contradicts skin compatibility. Traditional hydrogels often use binary solvents (such as a single water solvent or a water-alcohol mixture), which makes it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of dissolving multiple active ingredients, cross-linking of the polymer matrix, and skin tolerance. When using only water solvents, lipophilic components (such as salicylic acid and matrine) have low solubility and are prone to crystallization. While a high proportion of alcohol solvents can improve solubility, they can irritate damaged skin, causing stinging and dryness. At the same time, Alzheimer's disease patients often have skin problems such as exudation and fragility. It is difficult to balance the mechanical strength and adhesion of traditional hydrogels. Although highly cross-linked dressings have high mechanical strength and are resistant to exudate erosion, they have poor flexibility and cannot adhere to irregular skin lesions such as joints and the face, and are prone to falling off due to skin movement. Although low-cross-linked dressings have improved flexibility, they are prone to swelling and rupture due to exudate immersion, resulting in rapid drug loss and failure to maintain long-term anti-inflammatory concentrations. In addition, the active groups in traditional Chinese medicine ingredients may compete for coordination with the matrix cross-linking agent, leading to a decrease in cross-linking density, which further exacerbates the imbalance between mechanical properties and drug sustained-release effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of poor compatibility and easy inactivation of active ingredients in existing hydrogel dressings for atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment, poor anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory synergy, and contradictory skin compatibility, this invention aims to provide a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis, its preparation method, and its application. Through a "ternary solvent-room temperature dispersion" composite process, active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicines such as salicylic acid, honeysuckle extract, matrine, oxymatrine, and scutellaria baicalensis extract are efficiently combined with a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite matrix to form a hydrogel dressing with multi-target anti-inflammatory, safe, non-addictive, and skin barrier repair functions. This overcomes the technical bottlenecks of traditional dressings in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, such as easy inactivation of active ingredients and poor functional synergy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention provides a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis. The herbal hydrogel dressing is obtained by loading active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine onto a matrix matrix. The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are composed of salicylic acid, honeysuckle extract, matrine, oxymatrine, and scutellaria baicalensis extract. The matrix matrix is ​​obtained by dissolving and mixing polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid, and aluminum salt in a ternary solvent, which is obtained by mixing water, glycerin, and ethanol.

[0006] The volume ratio of glycerol, water, and ethanol is 3~5:4:5.

[0007] Preferably, the volume ratio of glycerol, water, and ethanol is 3:4:5.

[0008] In the matrix, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 55-70 mg / mL, the concentration of tannic acid is 65-80 mg / mL, and the concentration of aluminum salt is 10-20 mg / mL.

[0009] Among the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine, the concentration of salicylic acid is 10-20 mg / mL, the concentration of honeysuckle extract is 30-100 mg / mL, the concentration of matrine is 2-4 mg / mL, the concentration of oxymatrine is 2-4 mg / mL, and the concentration of scutellaria extract is 100-200 mg / mL.

[0010] More preferably, the honeysuckle extract is a commercially available product (extraction ratio 10:1, chlorogenic acid purity ≥90%), matrine (purity ≥98%), oxymatrine (purity ≥98%), the scutellaria extract is a commercially available product (extraction ratio 10:1, baicalin purity ≥85%), and salicylic acid (purity ≥99%).

[0011] Preferably, the honeysuckle extract and scutellaria baicalensis extract can be prepared by the following method: The honeysuckle extract was prepared as follows: honeysuckle was dried and pulverized, then deionized water was added at a ratio of 1:15 g / mL and decocted at 90 °C for 2 h for extraction. The extract was then filtered, concentrated, and vacuum dried (60 °C, -0.09 MPa). The Scutellaria baicalensis extract was prepared as follows: Scutellaria baicalensis root slices were cut into 2-4 mm pieces, dried and pulverized, and deionized water was added at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:15 g / mL. The mixture was decocted at 100 ℃ for 3 h, centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 min, and the supernatant was collected. The supernatant was purified by elution with 70% ethanol using AB-8 macroporous resin and obtained by spray drying.

[0012] This invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis, comprising: Step 1: Add polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid and aluminum salt to a ternary solvent, heat and stir to react, keep warm and let stand, then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite framework matrix solution. Step 2: Add the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine to a ternary solvent and stir at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution of traditional Chinese medicine; Step 3: Mix the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution with the polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite matrix matrix solution, stir and disperse at room temperature to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis.

[0013] In step 1, the heating temperature is 60~80℃, the reaction time is 1.5~2.5 h, the stirring speed is 200~400 rpm, and the holding time is 1~2 h.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring reaction temperature is 70 ℃, the reaction time is 2 h, the stirring speed is 300 rpm, and the standing time at 70 ℃ is 1 h, which can ensure that the polymer is completely dissolved and there are no residual bubbles, and avoid uneven skeleton structure caused by high temperature.

[0015] In step 1, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid, and aluminum salt is 0.5~1:1~1.2:0.2~0.3. The cross-linking effect of the polyvinyl alcohol hydroxyl groups constructs a stable cross-linked network, and the cross-linking occurs through the interaction of the tannic acid phenolic hydroxyl groups with Al... 3+ The metal coordination bonds and the hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol interact to form a composite hydrogel network that combines mechanical strength, toughness and adhesion.

[0016] Preferably, the aluminum salt is any one or a combination of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate heptahydrate, and aluminum acetylacetonate.

[0017] More preferably, the aluminum salt is aluminum chloride.

[0018] In step 2, the stirring speed is 200-400 rpm and the time is 1-2 h.

[0019] Preferably, the stirring temperature is room temperature (20-26 ℃), the speed is 300 rpm, and the time is 1 h, which can avoid high temperature damage to salicylic acid and heat-sensitive components (such as baicalin) in traditional Chinese medicine extracts, and ensure that the activity retention rate is greater than 95%.

[0020] In step 3, the volume ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution to the polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite matrix solution is 0.5~1:1.

[0021] Preferably, the volume ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution to the composite matrix solution is 1:1, which can balance the drug loading and matrix stability and avoid damage to the cross-linking network caused by excessive active ingredients.

[0022] Preferably, the room temperature stirring temperature is 20-26 ℃, the speed is 200-400 rpm, and the time is 1.5-2 h; no additional temperature control curing is required, and it can be formed after naturally cooling to room temperature.

[0023] Preferably, the room temperature stirring speed is 300 rpm for 2 hours, which ensures that the active ingredients are uniformly dispersed in the matrix, and the component distribution uniformity RSD is less than 3%, meeting the batch consistency requirements of the dressing.

[0024] This invention provides the application of the above-mentioned hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis in the preparation of drugs for treating atopic dermatitis in children and adults.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis provided by this invention contains salicylic acid, honeysuckle extract, matrine, oxymatrine, and scutellaria baicalensis extract as active ingredients. Salicylic acid provides a mild anti-inflammatory effect against excessive keratinocyte proliferation. Honeysuckle extract and scutellaria baicalensis extract exert broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. Matrine and oxymatrine synergistically regulate the immune response. These multiple components work together to address inflammation, immune imbalance, and skin barrier damage, avoiding the functional limitations of single components and achieving multi-target synergistic regulation. The matrix is ​​formed by dissolving and mixing polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid, and aluminum salt in a ternary solvent. Polyvinyl alcohol constructs a hydrophilic network to provide basic mechanical support, while tannic acid and aluminum salt enhance matrix stability through coordination cross-linking, reducing non-specific drug binding and leakage, and improving the loading efficiency of active ingredients. The ternary solvent is composed of water, glycerin, and ethanol. Water acts as the base solvent to dissolve hydrophilic components, glycerin acts as a moisturizing solubilizer to improve the solubility of lipophilic components and reduce skin irritation, and ethanol assists in dissolving poorly soluble substances. The three components work synergistically to ensure uniform dispersion of the active ingredients, prevent phase separation, and balance solubility with skin tolerance. Overall, the ternary solvent promotes uniform mixing of active ingredients and the matrix matrix, the cross-linked network of the matrix matrix achieves stable loading of active ingredients, and the synergistic effect of multiple active ingredients provides comprehensive therapeutic functions, jointly addressing the problems of easy inactivation of active ingredients, limited anti-inflammatory functions, and poor solvent compatibility.

[0026] Furthermore, salicylic acid at 10-20 mg / mL can achieve a balance between keratin regulation and mild anti-inflammatory effects, avoiding skin irritation (such as redness and stinging) caused by excessively high concentrations; the combination of honeysuckle extract at 30-100 mg / mL with matrine at 2-4 mg / mL and oxymatrine at 2-4 mg / mL can enhance the antibacterial effect through the membrane disruption mechanism of chlorogenic acid and the DNA replication interference of alkaloids. At the same time, 2-4 mg / mL of matrine and oxymatrine can avoid interaction with Al... 3+ Excessive coordination leads to a loose cross-linking network; 100-200 mg / mL of Scutellaria baicalensis extract can ensure an effective anti-inflammatory concentration of baicalin, which synergistically enhances the TNF-α inhibition rate with salicylic acid.

[0027] Furthermore, the choice of ternary solvents has key advantages: the high moisturizing properties of glycerin can reduce moisture loss of dressings during storage (moisture content decreases by less than 5% after 30 days of storage at room temperature), reducing the crystallization and precipitation of active ingredients; water, as a polar solvent, can dissolve hydrophilic components such as honeysuckle extract and scutellaria baicalensis extract, while ethanol, as a moderately polar solvent, can solubilize lipophilic components such as salicylic acid, matrine, and oxymatrine. When the three are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:4:5, a gradient polarity environment is formed, which increases the solubility of each active ingredient by 2-3 times and the component distribution uniformity RSD is less than 3%; at the same time, the high viscosity of glycerin can reduce solvent volatility and reduce the precipitation of active ingredients caused by the loss of ethanol during heating.

[0028] The preparation method provided by this invention employs a room temperature dispersion strategy to avoid the destruction of active ingredients by high temperatures: room temperature stirring ensures that the activity retention rate of heat-sensitive components such as salicylic acid and baicalin and chlorogenic acid in the traditional Chinese medicine extract is greater than 95% (compared to less than 75% by the traditional 70℃ high-temperature mixing method); no additional temperature-controlled curing is required, and it can be formed by natural cooling to room temperature, simplifying the production process, and 10-15 m³ can be prepared in a single batch. 2 Dressing production efficiency is higher than that of traditional ultrasonic dispersion methods (less than 2m). 2 The efficiency is increased by more than 5 times per application; and the process does not require special equipment, but can be completed by conventional magnetic stirring and constant temperature water bath. The raw material cost is reduced by more than 40% compared with imported AD treatment dressings, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0029] The hydrogel dressing provided by this invention is used in the preparation of therapeutic drugs for atopic dermatitis in both children and adults, with significant effects. For children, its gentle herbal active ingredients, such as honeysuckle and scutellaria baicalensis extracts, can reduce inflammation and itching with minimal irritation, ensuring safety for children's delicate skin. For adults, salicylic acid and matrine exert strong anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, quickly relieving symptoms. The matrix provides good adhesion and moisturizing properties, facilitating drug absorption and skin repair. This dressing caters to the needs of different age groups, effectively improving atopic dermatitis symptoms and enhancing patients' quality of life. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the therapeutic effect of the hydrogel dressing on atopic dermatitis (AD) in Example 1 of this invention. A shows the skin symptoms of AD model mice in each treatment group and the statistical chart of SCORAD scores for AD symptoms in each group; B shows a comparison of the spleen appearance of mice in each treatment group; C shows a statistical analysis chart of spleen weight in each group of mice; D shows a statistical analysis chart of body weight in each group of mice. "Control" represents the normal mouse group; "AD" represents the group without any treatment for dermatitis; "Hydrogel" represents the blank hydrogel treatment group without active ingredients; "1" represents the Western medicine control hydrogel treatment group (containing salicylic acid and hydrocortisone succinate); and "2" represents the traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing treatment group (containing salicylic acid, honeysuckle extract, matrine, oxymatrine, and scutellaria baicalensis extract).

[0031] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the molecular mechanism and target screening of the hydrogel dressing system in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, A and B are KEGG pathway enrichment analysis diagrams based on RNA-Seq data; C is a GSEA (gene set enrichment analysis) diagram of the TNF signaling pathway; D is a GSEA diagram of the NF-κB signaling pathway; and E is a GSEA diagram of the PPAR signaling pathway.

[0032] Figure 3The images show the anti-leakage and long-lasting antibacterial properties of the hydrogel dressing in Example 1 of this invention. Among them, A shows images of surviving colonies of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after treatment with blank hydrogel, Western medicine control hydrogel, and traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing, as well as histograms of average colony density. B shows representative images and bleeding volume statistics of mouse liver hemorrhage wounds treated with blank control group (no dressing), blank hydrogel group, Western medicine control hydrogel group, and traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing group.

[0033] Figure 4 The images show the effect of the hydrogel dressing in promoting in vitro cell migration and proliferation in Example 1 of this invention. A shows cell migration images of mouse fibroblast L929 cells at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, and 72 h after scratch assays. The cells were treated with DMEM (negative control, serum-free culture medium), 10% FBS (positive control, culture medium containing fetal bovine serum), blank hydrogel extract, Western medicine control hydrogel extract, and traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing extract, respectively. B shows the apoptosis rate of L929 cells after 24 h of treatment. C shows the cell cycle distribution of L929 cells after 24 h of treatment. D shows Calcein-AM / PI double-stained images of live and dead cells of L929 cells after 24 h of treatment (green indicates live cells, red indicates dead cells).

[0034] Figure 5 This is an image showing the effect of hydrogel dressing in promoting ROS clearance in Example 1 of the present invention. The image shows the flow cytometry results of ROS generation in L929 cells and the statistical histogram of ROS-positive cell rate after treatment with DMEM (negative control), 10% FBS (positive control), blank hydrogel extract, Western medicine control hydrogel extract, and traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing extract.

[0035] Figure 6 This is an image showing the effect of hydrogel dressing on macrophage polarization in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, A is the ratio of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages in the skin tissue of AD mice in each treatment group detected by flow cytometry; B is the histological analysis (HE staining) and immunofluorescence staining image of the skin tissue of AD mice in each treatment group on day 14; C is the statistical analysis of the relative contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β2 and Arg-1 in the skin tissue of AD mice in each treatment group.

[0036] Figure 7This diagram illustrates the mechanism by which the hydrogel dressing induces macrophage polarization by regulating the PPARγ / IL10 axis and the TNF-α / NF-κB axis in Example 1 of this invention. A, B, and C represent enrichment analysis diagrams of differentially expressed genes in the TNF pathway, NF-κB pathway, and PPAR pathway, respectively. D shows the protein expression levels of PPARγ, p65 (NF-κB subunit), TNF-α, and IL-10 in the skin tissues of normal mice (Control), AD model mice, blank hydrogel treatment group, Western medicine control hydrogel treatment group, and traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing treatment group, as detected by Western Blot.

[0037] Figure 8 The diagram shows the results of the stretching and adhesion test of the dressing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, A is a diagram showing the effect of the hydrogel dressing after being stretched to 450% of its length and twisted 30 times; B is a diagram showing the adhesion effect of the hydrogel dressing to the skin of the hand, including the performance of the dressing at the joint as the fingers move, and the adhesion effect of the dressing within 39 hours. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions and effects of the present invention, detailed descriptions are provided below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents used in the embodiments are all conventional biochemical reagents, purchased from brands such as Maclean, Aladdin, and Yuanye Biotechnology; the experimental methods described, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional experimental methods. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used in the following embodiments have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0039] The raw materials used in this invention are: glycerol (Maclean's, 99%), ethanol (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, 99.5%), and sterile purified water (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, 18.2 MΩ). cm), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Aladdin, type 1799, molecular weight 44052.6), tannic acid (TA, Aladdin, USP grade), anhydrous aluminum trichloride (AlCl3, Aladdin, molecular weight 133.34), salicylic acid (Maclean, purity ≥99%), honeysuckle extract (Ron, extraction ratio 10:1, chlorogenic acid purity ≥90%), matrine (Aladdin, purity ≥98%), oxymatrine (Aladdin, purity ≥98%), scutellaria baicalensis extract (Ron, extraction ratio 10:1, baicalin purity ≥85%), hydrocortisone succinate (Aladdin, purity ≥98%, used to prepare Western medicine control dressings), DNCB (Maclean, purity 98%, used to construct AD models), LPS (Yuanye Biotechnology, Escherichia coli O111:B4). Sources, purity ≥95%), Calcein-AM (Aladdin, purity 98%), propidium iodide (PI, Maclean, purity 98%), DCFH-DA (Yuanye Biotechnology, purity 98%), GW9662 (Aladdin, purity 99%, PPARγ inhibitor).

[0040] Example 1 This embodiment provides a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis. Targeting the pathological characteristics of atopic dermatitis, including hyperinflammatory inflammation, immune imbalance, and impaired skin barrier, a ternary solvent is used to construct the dissolution system. A polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride matrix and composite active ingredients are incorporated. The specific preparation method of this hydrogel dressing is as follows: Add 30 mL of glycerol, 40 mL of sterile purified water, and 50 mL of ethanol to a 200 mL beaker and mix thoroughly to obtain 120 mL of a ternary solvent (glycerol / water / ethanol = 3:4:5, v / v). Take 60 mL of the ternary solvent and add 4 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 g of tannic acid, and 0.8 g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride. Place the beaker in a constant temperature water bath and heat to 70 °C. Simultaneously, use a magnetic stirrer to continuously stir at 300 rpm for 2 hours until completely dissolved to obtain a hydrogel matrix solution. Let the solution stand in a constant temperature water bath at 70 °C for 1 hour to eliminate air bubbles. After standing, allow the solution to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain 60 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite framework matrix solution.

[0041] Add 15 mL of ternary solvent to a beaker, then add 0.5 g of salicylic acid, 2 g of honeysuckle extract, 100 mg of matrine, 100 mg of oxymatrine, and 5 g of scutellaria baicalensis extract. Place the beaker on a magnetic stirrer and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to ensure uniform dispersion of the active ingredients, obtaining 15 mL of the herbal mixture solution. Add 15 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution to the 15 mL herbal mixture solution and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to obtain the herbal hydrogel dressing.

[0042] (1) Test of the therapeutic effect of atopic dermatitis This embodiment evaluates the therapeutic effects of two hydrogel dressings using a DNCB-induced mouse atopic dermatitis model. The experimental method is as follows: Healthy SPF mice (weighing 28-30 g, half male and half female) were selected. After shaving the back of the mice, 1% DNCB ethanol solution (100 μL) was applied to the mice for sensitization on days 1 to 3. On days 4 to 6, 0.5% DNCB ethanol solution (50 μL) was applied to the shaved area to induce skin lesions. The AD model was confirmed to be successfully established (the mice showed obvious erythema, edema, desquamation, and exudation on their skin), which was recorded as D7 (day 7). 15 mL of a ternary solvent was taken, and 0.5 g of salicylic acid and 90 mg of hydrocortisone succinate were added. The mixture was treated under the same stirring conditions to obtain a drug mixture solution. 15 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution was taken, and 15 mL of the drug mixture solution was added. The mixture was treated under the same stirring conditions to obtain a drug control hydrogel dressing (experimental group 1). Take 15 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of ternary solvent, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain the blank hydrogel group. Control groups were also set up: a control group (normal mice, no treatment) and an AD model group (DNCB-induced AD model mice, no dressing applied), for subsequent experimental comparison. Starting from day 7, dressings were applied to the groups: the AD model group received no dressing, the blank hydrogel group received the blank matrix matrix, experimental group 1 received the control dressing (prescription-type Western medicine), and experimental group 2 received the traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing from this invention. Dressings were changed daily for 7 consecutive days. On day 14, skin lesions (erythema, edema, exudation, desquamation) were observed and recorded in each group of mice, and the severity of skin lesions was quantified according to the SCORAD scoring system (0-100 points). On day 15, mice were euthanized by intraperitoneal injection of an excessive amount of sodium pentobarbital, and the spleens were removed and weighed. The final body weight of the mice was recorded. One-way ANOVA was performed using GraphPADPrism software to compare differences between groups (P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant). The results are shown in the appendix. Figure 1 .

[0043] From the appendix Figure 1Data shows that at D7, the SCORAD score of the AD model group mice reached 61.5, and the skin showed severe erythema, edema, and exudation. At D14, the skin lesions of experimental group 2 (using the traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing in this example) were significantly relieved, the erythema basically subsided, there was no exudation, and the SCORAD score dropped to 11.2, a reduction rate of 81.8%, and the skin appearance was close to that of the control group (SCORAD score 2.1). At D15, the spleen weight of experimental group 2 mice was 93.1% of that of the control group, and the body weight increased by 3.5% compared to D0, with no immunosuppression or weight loss side effects. The SCORAD score of experimental group 1 (using the Western medicine control dressing) dropped to 24.7, a reduction rate of 59.8%, but the spleen weight of the mice was only 29.3% of that of the control group, and the body weight decreased by 15.1% compared to D7, showing obvious immunosuppression and toxicity. The SCORAD score of the blank hydrogel group only dropped to 27.3, and the treatment effect was close to that of the Western medicine control dressing, but far inferior to that of the traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing. The results showed that the herbal hydrogel dressing of this invention significantly reduced SCORAD scores, greatly improved skin lesions, and brought the results close to those of normal mice. Simultaneously, it had minimal impact on spleen weight and body weight in mice, without significant immunosuppression or weight loss side effects. While the control dressing also showed some therapeutic effect, it had significant side effects. The blank hydrogel group showed limited therapeutic effect, further highlighting the advantages of the herbal hydrogel dressing. This indicates that the herbal hydrogel dressing of this invention can effectively alleviate AD skin lesions and has significantly better safety than the control dressing, without the side effects of steroid drugs, demonstrating potential application value in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

[0044] (2) RNA-Seq analysis of anti-inflammatory mechanism To investigate the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), this experiment used RNA-Seq analysis to screen differentially expressed pathways and clarify the specific pathways by which the dressing exerts its anti-inflammatory effect. The experimental methods are as follows: Skin lesions on the backs of AD model group and experimental group 2 mice at day 14 were collected (3 mice per group, 3 lesions per mouse, 3 samples). Total RNA was extracted from the tissues using the TrizoL method, and RNA purity (OD) was detected. 260 / OD 280 After ensuring the integrity of the RIN (RIN ≥ 8.0) and the accuracy of the RIN, transcriptome sequencing was performed (Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform). Sequencing data were filtered and compared to screen for differentially expressed genes (|log2FC| ≥ 1, P < 0.05). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was used to screen for pathways related to AD inflammation. GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) was used to assess the enrichment levels of TNF, NF-κB, and PPAR pathways, validating the core inflammatory pathways regulated by the dressing. Specific results are detailed in the appendix. Figure 2 As shown.

[0045] From the appendix Figure 2 Data showed that, compared with the AD model group, KEGG pathway analysis in the skin lesions of experimental group 2 revealed that the TNF signaling pathway (enrichment factor 1.85) and its downstream NF-κB signaling pathway (enrichment factor 1.78) were significantly downregulated, while the PPAR signaling pathway (enrichment factor 2.35) was significantly upregulated. This indicates that the herbal hydrogel dressing mainly exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by regulating these three pathways. GSEA analysis further confirmed that the TNF pathway (NES=-1.88, P<0.01) and NF-κB pathway (NES=-1.81, P<0.01) showed significant negative enrichment, and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory genes (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were reduced by more than 50% compared with the AD model group. The PPAR pathway (NES=2.08, P<0.001) showed significant positive enrichment, and the expression levels of anti-inflammatory genes (such as PPARγ and IL-10) were increased by more than 2 times compared with the AD model group. The results show that the herbal hydrogel dressing of this invention achieves multi-target regulation of AD inflammation by inhibiting the TNF / NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathway and activating the PPAR anti-inflammatory pathway. This multi-target regulation method more comprehensively and effectively inhibits the inflammatory response, providing new ideas and potential drug targets for the treatment of AD. Simultaneously, this experiment, through RNA-Seq analysis combined with various bioinformatics methods, systematically revealed the molecular mechanism of the herbal hydrogel dressing in treating AD, providing a scientific basis for further in-depth research and clinical application.

[0046] (3) Leakage resistance and long-lasting antibacterial performance test AD lesions are prone to bacterial infection due to inflammation, and wound exudation may lead to drug loss. This embodiment evaluates the anti-leakage and antibacterial properties of the dressing through antibacterial and hemostatic tests. The experimental methods are as follows: For the antibacterial test, common pathogens of AD wounds - Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) - were selected, and 10 6CFU / mL bacterial suspension; 100 μL of each group of dressings (blank hydrogel group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2) were added to sterile liquid LB medium, and 50 μL of bacterial suspension was added to each group and shaken at 37 ℃ for 7 hours; the bacterial suspension was diluted 1:100, and 100 μL was evenly spread on solid LB agar plates and incubated upside down at 37 ℃ for 18 hours; the number of colonies was counted, and colony forming units (CFU) were statistically analyzed using GraphPADPrism software. Hemostasis was tested using a mouse liver hemorrhage model. Healthy mice (weighing 20-22 g) were euthanized with an overdose of sodium pentobarbital. The liver was dissected and exposed, and a 3 mm diameter incision was made on the liver surface using a sterile scalpel. Dressings for each group were immediately applied (no dressing was applied to the control group, while 300 μL of dressing was applied to the blank hydrogel group, experimental group 1, and experimental group 2). After 5 minutes, the dressings were removed, and the blood on the wound surface was blotted dry with filter paper. The filter paper (containing the amount of bleeding) was weighed, and the average amount of bleeding for each group was calculated. Specific results are shown in the appendix. Figure 3 As shown.

[0047] From the appendix Figure 3 Data shows that, in terms of antibacterial performance, experimental group 2 exhibited inhibition rates of 86.1% against Escherichia coli and 94.8% against Staphylococcus aureus, significantly higher than the blank hydrogel group (32.2%, 17.4%) and experimental group 1 (58.3%, 61.3%). Plate colony images showed that the colony density in experimental group 2 was significantly lower than other groups, indicating stable antibacterial effects. Regarding hemostatic performance, the blood loss within 5 minutes was 0.51 g in the Control group, 0.38 g in the blank hydrogel group, and 0.21 g in experimental group 1, while the blood loss in experimental group 2 was only 0.15 g, significantly lower than other groups. Anatomical observation showed that the dressing in experimental group 2 adhered tightly to the wound, forming a stable blood clot, effectively reducing drug loss due to exudate. The results indicate that the herbal hydrogel dressing of this invention possesses both long-lasting antibacterial and anti-leakage functions, creating a sterile and stable microenvironment for AD wound repair.

[0048] (4) Promotes in vitro cell migration and proliferation test Atopic dermatitis wound healing depends on the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts. This example uses L929 cells (mouse fibroblasts) to evaluate the effect of dressings on cell migration, proliferation, and survival. The experimental method is as follows: Cell scratch assay: L929 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and cultured at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2 until 80%–90% confluence. A uniform scratch was made in the center of the cell monolayer using a 200 μL pipette tip. The cells were washed twice with PBS to remove cell debris. The corresponding treatment solutions were added according to the groups: DMEM group (serum-free DMEM medium, negative control), 10% FBS group (DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, positive control), blank hydrogel extract group, experimental group 1 extract group, and experimental group 2 extract group. Images were taken at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, and 72 h and analyzed using ImageJ. The software measured the scratch width and calculated the scratch closure rate (closure rate = scratch width at each time point / initial scratch width). Apoptosis detection was performed by seeding L929 cells in 6-well plates (1×10⁻⁶ cells / well ... 5 Cells were cultured in wells (cells / well) for 24 h, then the medium was changed to the appropriate treatment solution. After another 24 h of culture, cells were collected, stained with Annexin V-FITC / PI double stain, and the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Cell cycle analysis: Cells cultured for 24 h were collected, fixed overnight with 70% ethanol, stained with CycleGreen, and the cell cycle distribution (G1, S, G2 phases) was detected by flow cytometry. Live / dead cell staining: L929 cells were seeded in 96-well plates (1×10⁶ cells / well). 4 Cells / well), cultured for 24 h, then replaced with the respective treatment medium; after 24 h of culture, Calcein-AM (final concentration 2 μM) and PI (final concentration 4 μM) were added, and incubated at 37 ℃ in the dark for 20 min; observed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope, and the viable cell rate (viable cell rate = number of green fluorescent cells / total number of cells × 100%) and dead cell rate (viable cell rate = number of red fluorescent cells / total number of cells × 100%) were calculated using ImageJ software. See the appendix for detailed results. Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] From the appendix Figure 4Data showed that, regarding cell migration, the scratch closure rate of experimental group 2 reached 96.2% at 72 h, close to that of the 10% FBS group (95.1%), and higher than that of the blank hydrogel group (72.4%) and experimental group 1 (90.3%), indicating that the herbal hydrogel dressing can promote fibroblast migration. Regarding apoptosis, the apoptosis rate of experimental group 2 was only 15.3%, significantly lower than that of the AD model group (17.1%), the blank hydrogel group (20.7%), and experimental group 1 (19.2%). Regarding cell cycle, the proportion of cells in S phase in experimental group 2 reached 33.2% (75.4% in G2 phase), significantly higher than that in the blank control group (4.5% in S phase and 4.8% in G2 phase), indicating active cell proliferation. Regarding live / dead staining, the live cell rate of experimental group 2 reached 97.1%, with dense green fluorescence and very little red fluorescence, while the live cell rates of the blank hydrogel group and experimental group 1 were 46.5% and 88.3%, respectively. The results show that the herbal hydrogel dressing of the present invention can provide a cellular basis for epithelialization and tissue repair of AD wounds by promoting fibroblast migration and proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

[0050] (5) ROS removal capability test Oxidative stress (excessive ROS production) in atopic dermatitis wounds exacerbates inflammation and barrier damage. This study evaluated the ROS scavenging ability of a dressing. The experimental method was as follows: L929 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and cultured at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2 for 24 h. Corresponding treatment solutions were added according to the groups (DMEM group, 10% FBS group, blank hydrogel extract group, experimental group 1 extract group, and experimental group 2 extract group). After culturing for another 24 h, DCFH-DA fluorescent probe (final concentration 10 μM) was added and incubated at 37 ℃ in the dark for 30 min. Cells were washed twice with PBS, collected, and the ROS-positive cell rate was detected by flow cytometry. Fluorescence intensity was analyzed using ImageJ software. Specific results are shown in the appendix. Figure 5 As shown.

[0051] From the appendix Figure 5 Data showed that the ROS-positive cell rate in the LPS-induced group reached 51.2%; after treatment in experimental group 2, the ROS-positive cell rate decreased to 10.8%, with a clearance rate of 78.9%, significantly higher than that in experimental group 1 (clearance rate 32.5%). Fluorescence intensity analysis showed that the intracellular ROS fluorescence signal in experimental group 2 was weak, close to that in the 10% FBS group (ROS-positive cell rate 18.7%). These results indicate that honeysuckle extract (chlorogenic acid) and scutellaria extract (baicalin) in the herbal hydrogel dressing can synergistically clear ROS, reduce oxidative stress damage in AD wounds, and break the vicious cycle of "inflammation-oxidative stress".

[0052] (6) Macrophage polarization regulation test Immune imbalance in atopic dermatitis is closely related to abnormal macrophage polarization (enrichment of M1 macrophages and reduction of M2 macrophages). This study evaluated the regulatory effect of dressings on macrophage polarization using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR. The experimental methods are as follows: Macrophage polarization detection: Skin lesions on the backs of mice at day 15 were collected, minced, digested with 0.25% trypsin for 30 min, and passed through a 70 μm cell sieve to obtain a single-cell suspension. Fluorescent antibodies (CD45-PE, CD11b-FITC, F4 / 80-APC, iNOS-PE-Cy7, CD206-APC-Cy7) were added and incubated at 4 ℃ in the dark for 30 min. After washing twice with PBS, M1 macrophages (CD45-PE, CD11b-FITC, F4 / 80-APC, iNOS-PE-Cy7, CD206-APC-Cy7) were detected by flow cytometry. + CD11b + F4 / 80 + iNOS + ) and M2 macrophages (CD45) + CD11b + F4 / 80 + CD206 + The proportion of ) was as follows. Immunofluorescence staining: Skin lesions from each group were collected, paraffin-embedded, and sectioned (5 μm thick); after dewaxing to water, antigen retrieval was performed, and non-specific binding sites were blocked; primary antibodies (TNF-α rabbit anti-, IL-10 mouse anti-) were added, and incubated overnight at 4℃; secondary fluorescent antibodies (FITC-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG, Cy3-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG) were added, and incubated at 37℃ in the dark for 1 h; nuclei were stained with DAPI, observed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope, and fluorescence density was analyzed using ImageJ software. Cytokine detection: Skin lesions from each group were collected, and total RNA was extracted using RIPA lysis buffer; real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the gene transcription levels of TNF-α, IL-1β (M1 macrophage marker), TGF-β, and Arg-1 (M2 macrophage marker). Specific results are shown in the appendix. Figure 6 As shown.

[0053] From the appendix Figure 6Data showed that, compared with the AD model group, the proportion of M1 macrophages in experimental group 2 decreased from 39.1% to 14.8%, while the proportion of M2 macrophages increased from 12.5% ​​to 45.2%, and the M2 / M1 ratio increased from 0.32 to 3.05. TNF-α fluorescence density decreased by 76.5%, and IL-10 fluorescence density increased by 1.6 times, indicating a decrease in pro-inflammatory factors and an increase in anti-inflammatory factors. Real-time quantitative PCR detection showed that TNF-α and IL-1β transcription levels decreased by 60.3% and 91.5%, respectively, while TGF-β and Arg-1 transcription levels increased by 3.7 times and 19.5 times, respectively. Although experimental group 1 reduced the proportion of M1 macrophages (23.1%), the proportion of M2 macrophages only increased to 16.5%, indicating poor immune regulatory balance. These results indicate that the traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing can effectively induce M2 macrophage polarization and improve the immune microenvironment of AD wounds.

[0054] (7) Test of PPARγ / IL10 axis modulation mechanism To clarify the core pathway by which traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressings regulate macrophage polarization, this embodiment verifies the mechanism through Western blotting and pathway inhibitor experiments. The experimental methods are as follows: Western blotting was performed on skin lesions from mice in the Control group, AD model group, blank hydrogel group, experimental group 1, and experimental group 2 at day 15, and total protein was extracted. After determining the protein concentration, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was performed, and the samples were transferred to PVDF membranes. After blocking, primary antibodies (rabbit anti-PPARγ, rabbit anti-p65, mouse anti-TNF-α, mouse anti-IL-10, and rabbit anti-β-actin) were added, and the membranes were incubated overnight at 4 ℃. HRP-labeled secondary antibody was added, and the membranes were incubated at room temperature for 1 h. ECL chemiluminescence imaging was performed, and protein expression levels were recorded and analyzed using a VILBER FUSION FX5 protein imaging system. Specific results are shown in the appendix. Figure 7 As shown.

[0055] From the appendix Figure 7 Data showed that, regarding differentially expressed gene enrichment, pro-inflammatory genes such as TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly downregulated in the TNF pathway, while genes such as p65 and IκBα were significantly downregulated in the NF-κB pathway. Conversely, anti-inflammatory genes such as PPARγ were significantly upregulated in the PPAR pathway. In terms of protein expression, compared to the AD model group, experimental group 2 showed a 2.6-fold and 2.4-fold increase in PPARγ and IL-10 protein expression, respectively, and a 63.5% and 69.2% decrease in p65 (NF-κB subunit) and TNF-α protein expression, respectively. Experimental group 1 showed only a 1.2-fold increase in PPARγ expression, indicating a weaker regulatory effect than experimental group 2. These results suggest that the herbal hydrogel dressing achieves M2 macrophage polarization by activating the PPARγ / IL10 axis and inhibiting the TNF-α / NF-κB axis, which is the core molecular mechanism by which it treats AD.

[0056] (8) Test of tensile and adhesive properties of dressing This example tested the mechanical properties of the hydrogel dressing. The experimental method was as follows: The gel was cut into strips 1 cm wide, the ends were clamped, stretched by 450%, and twisted 30 times. Liquid hydrogel dressings were then applied to the skin on the back of the hand and the back of the finger joints. The adhesion effect of the hydrogel to the skin was observed. Specific results are shown in the appendix. Figure 8 As shown.

[0057] From the appendix Figure 8 Data shows that the hydrogel dressing did not crack after being stretched 450%, and it also did not crack after being twisted 30 times while maintaining the 450% stretch. The hydrogel dressing can firmly adhere to the finger joints and does not break during normal finger movements. After 24 hours of use, the hydrogel dressing did not fall off even after the arm was rotated at a speed of 1.8 revolutions per second for 10 minutes and then swung back and forth rapidly. These results demonstrate that the hydrogel dressing has strong mechanical properties and strong adhesion, and can adhere to the skin for a long time in dynamic environments.

[0058] Through the above evaluation and testing, it is demonstrated that the herbal hydrogel dressing (experimental group 2) of this embodiment, through the synergistic combination of "salicylic acid + honeysuckle extract + matrine + oxymatrine + scutellaria baicalensis extract" and combined with a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix, exhibits excellent AD treatment efficacy: a 14-day SCORAD score reduction rate of 81.8%, a TNF-α inhibition rate exceeding 80%, and a ROS clearance rate of 78.9%, without the immunosuppressive and toxic side effects of the Western medicine control dressing; the encapsulation rate of the herbal extracts reaches 91%–95%, and the performance difference between batches is <5%, making it suitable for large-scale production. Simultaneously, the experimental results confirm that the five herbal components, through multi-target synergistic effects, break the pathological cycle of AD "inflammation-immune imbalance-oxidative stress," providing a safe and effective new dressing for the clinical treatment of atopic dermatitis.

[0059] Example 2 This embodiment provides a hydrogel dressing suitable for moderate atopic dermatitis. Targeting the characteristics of moderate AD (SCORAD score 25-50) lesions with low exudation and mild inflammation, the active ingredient concentration is optimized. The specific preparation method is as follows: Add 30 mL of glycerol, 40 mL of sterile purified water, and 50 mL of ethanol to a 200 mL beaker and mix thoroughly to obtain 120 mL of a ternary solvent (glycerol / water / ethanol = 3:4:5, v / v). Take 60 mL of the ternary solvent and add 4 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 g of tannic acid, and 0.8 g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride. Place the beaker in a constant temperature water bath and heat to 70 °C. Simultaneously, use a magnetic stirrer to continuously stir at 300 rpm for 2 hours until completely dissolved to obtain a hydrogel matrix solution. Let the solution stand in a constant temperature water bath at 70 °C for 1 hour to eliminate air bubbles. After standing, allow the solution to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain 60 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite framework matrix solution.

[0060] Take 15 mL of ternary solvent, add 0.45 g of salicylic acid, 1.5 g of honeysuckle extract, 90 mg of matrine, 90 mg of oxymatrine, and 4.5 g of scutellaria baicalensis extract. Place the beaker on a magnetic stirrer and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to ensure uniform dispersion of the active ingredients, obtaining 15 mL of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution. Take 15 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution, and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing suitable for moderate atopic dermatitis (experimental group 2).

[0061] Take 15 mL of a ternary solvent, add 0.45 g of salicylic acid and 90 mg of hydrocortisone succinate, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a mixed solution of the western medicines. Take 15 mL of a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of the mixed solution of the western medicines, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a western medicine control hydrogel dressing (experimental group 1). Take 15 mL of a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of a ternary solvent, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a blank hydrogel group. Control groups were also set up: a control group (normal mice, no treatment) and an AD model group (DNCB-induced AD model mice, no dressing applied), for subsequent experimental comparison.

[0062] Example 3 This embodiment provides a hydrogel dressing suitable for severe atopic dermatitis. Targeting the characteristics of severe AD (SCORAD score > 50) lesions with excessive exudation, severe inflammation, and susceptibility to infection, it increases the concentration of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory active ingredients. The specific preparation method is as follows: Add 30 mL of glycerol, 40 mL of sterile purified water, and 50 mL of ethanol to a 200 mL beaker and mix thoroughly to obtain 120 mL of a ternary solvent (glycerol / water / ethanol = 3:4:5, v / v). Take 60 mL of the ternary solvent and add 4 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 g of tannic acid, and 0.8 g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride. Place the beaker in a constant temperature water bath and heat to 70 °C. Simultaneously, use a magnetic stirrer to continuously stir at 300 rpm for 2 hours until completely dissolved to obtain a hydrogel matrix solution. Let the solution stand at 70 °C for 1 hour to eliminate bubbles, and then cool naturally to room temperature to obtain 60 mL of a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite framework matrix solution.

[0063] Take 15 mL of ternary solvent, add 0.6 g of salicylic acid, 3 g of honeysuckle extract, 120 mg of matrine, 120 mg of oxymatrine, and 6 g of scutellaria baicalensis extract. Place the beaker on a magnetic stirrer and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to ensure uniform dispersion of the active ingredients, obtaining 15 mL of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution. Take 15 mL of polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum trichloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture solution, and stir at 300 rpm for 1 hour at room temperature (22 ℃) to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing suitable for severe atopic dermatitis (experimental group 2). Take 15 mL of a ternary solvent, add 0.6 g of salicylic acid and 90 mg of hydrocortisone succinate, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a mixed solution of the western medicines. Take 15 mL of a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum chloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of the mixed solution of the western medicines, and treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a western medicine control hydrogel dressing (experimental group 1). Take 15 mL of a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum chloride composite matrix solution, add 15 mL of a ternary solvent. Treat under the same stirring conditions to obtain a blank hydrogel group. Control groups were also set up: a control group (normal mice, no treatment) and an AD model group (DNCB-induced AD model mice, no dressing applied), for subsequent experimental comparison.

[0064] The hydrogel dressings of Example 2 (for moderate AD) and Example 3 (for severe AD) were tested and verified. The experimental methods were the same as in Example 1. The results are as follows: In terms of the treatment effect of moderate AD, the dressing of Example 2 treated mice with moderate AD. After 14 days, the SCORAD score decreased from 48.3 to 17.2, with a reduction rate of 64.4%, which was significantly higher than that of experimental group 1 (Western medicine control, reduction rate of 47.5%). Moreover, there were no abnormalities in the spleen weight and body weight of the mice, indicating excellent safety. In terms of the treatment effect of severe AD, the dressing of Example 3 treated mice with severe AD. After 14 days, the SCORAD score decreased from 85.6 to 31.3, with a reduction rate of 63.4%. The antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus reached 88.7%, and the bleeding amount was only 0.15 g. The anti-permeability and antibacterial ability were significantly better than those of Example 1 (general type), which can effectively control the infection and exudation of severe wounds. The results showed that by adjusting the concentration of active ingredients and the cross-linking density of the matrix, Examples 2 and 3 could respectively meet the treatment needs of moderate and severe atopic dermatitis, further confirming that the synergistic effect of traditional Chinese medicine components can significantly improve the targeting and efficacy stability of the dressing.

[0065] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention, such as adjusting the concentration of traditional Chinese medicine to suit children with AD, or optimizing the solvent ratio to improve skin tolerance, shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

[0066] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogel dressing for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, characterized in that, The hydrogel dressing is obtained by loading traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients on a skeleton matrix, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients are composed of salicylic acid, honeysuckle extract, matrine, oxymatrine and skullcap extract; the skeleton matrix is obtained by dissolving and mixing polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid and aluminum salt in a ternary solvent, and the ternary solvent is obtained by mixing water, glycerol and ethanol.

2. The hydrogel dressing for the treatment of atopic dermatitis according to claim 1, wherein The volume ratio of glycerol, water and ethanol is 3-5:4:

5.

3. The hydrogel dressing for the treatment of atopic dermatitis according to claim 1, wherein In the skeleton matrix, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 55-70 mg / mL, the concentration of tannic acid is 65-80 mg / mL, and the concentration of aluminum salt is 10-20 mg / mL.

4. The hydrogel dressing for the treatment of atopic dermatitis according to claim 1, wherein In the traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients, the concentration of salicylic acid is 10-20 mg / mL, the concentration of honeysuckle extract is 30-100 mg / mL, the concentration of matrine is 2-4 mg / mL, the concentration of oxymatrine is 2-4 mg / mL, and the concentration of skullcap extract is 100-200 mg / mL.

5. The method of claim 1 to 4 for the preparation of a hydrogel dressing for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, characterized in that, It comprises: Step 1, polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid and aluminum salt are added to a ternary solvent, heated and stirred for reaction, and then naturally cooled to room temperature after incubation and standing, to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite skeleton matrix solution; Step 2, traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients are added to the ternary solvent and stirred at room temperature to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixed solution; Step 3, the traditional Chinese medicine mixed solution is mixed with the polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite skeleton matrix solution, and stirred and dispersed at room temperature to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrogel dressing is prepared by the steps of: In step 1, the heating temperature is 60-80℃, the reaction time is 1.5-2.5 h, the stirring speed is 200-400 rpm, and the incubation and standing time is 1-2 h.

7. The method for preparing a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 1, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid and aluminum salt is 0.5-1:1-1.2:0.2-0.

3.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrogel dressing is prepared by the steps of: In step 2, the stirring speed is 200-400 rpm and the time is 1-2 h.

9. A method for preparing a hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 3, the volume ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine mixed solution to the polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid-aluminum composite skeleton matrix solution is 0.5-1:

1.

10. Use of the hydrogel dressing for treating atopic dermatitis according to any one of claims 1-4 in the preparation of a drug for treating pediatric atopic dermatitis and adult atopic dermatitis.

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