BIM-based terminal electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM-based terminal electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system, and belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering. The BIM-based terminal electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system comprises a model integration unit, a conflict detection unit, a pipeline optimization unit, a clear height verification unit, a result output unit and a whole process management unit. The problems that an existing pipeline collision detection technology is insufficient in precision, low in optimization efficiency and difficult to meet the requirements for the special functions and the net height of the terminal are solved, the collision detection unit is provided with a multi-dimensional collision detection mechanism, and the pipeline optimization unit combines the special function requirements and arrangement rules of the terminal to improve the collision detection efficiency of the terminal. A pipeline arrangement scheme with the optimal comprehensive cost is automatically generated and recommended through a genetic algorithm, and meanwhile high-precision and automatic detection and efficient optimization of terminal electromechanical pipeline conflicts are achieved through dynamic net height analysis and closed-loop whole-process management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, specifically to a BIM-based system for detecting and optimizing conflicts in electromechanical pipelines in airport terminals. Background Technology

[0002] As a large transportation hub, an airport terminal building has a complex and diverse internal electromechanical pipeline system, including multiple professional pipelines such as water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical systems. In traditional construction processes, due to the relative independence of the design and construction of each discipline, spatial conflicts often arise between electromechanical pipelines, such as pipeline crossings and collisions. This not only increases construction costs and timelines but may also affect the normal functionality and subsequent operation and maintenance of the terminal building. While BIM-based pipeline collision detection tools exist, most suffer from insufficient detection accuracy, inability to comprehensively consider the specific functional requirements of the terminal building, and low efficiency in generating optimization solutions, failing to meet the efficient and accurate requirements for electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization in airport terminals. Therefore, to address these shortcomings, we propose a BIM-based airport terminal electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a BIM-based terminal building electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system. By constructing a collaborative work platform that integrates model processing, multi-dimensional conflict detection, intelligent algorithm optimization, clearance compliance verification, visual result output, and full-process tracking management, it can achieve full-process automation and intelligence from conflict identification and intelligent optimization to verification management, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a BIM-based terminal building electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system, comprising:

[0005] The model integration unit is configured to integrate BIM models of terminal electromechanical systems from different design disciplines, and to perform lightweight processing on the integrated BIM models to generate lightweight models suitable for browsing and operation on web and mobile devices.

[0006] The collision detection unit, connected to the model integration unit, is configured to perform hard collision, gap collision and rule-based soft collision detection based on the lightweight model, and generate a collision report containing the collision type, location, involved components and severity level.

[0007] The pipeline optimization unit is connected to the conflict detection unit and is configured to receive the conflict report and optimize the routing, elevation and support layout of conflicting pipelines in the BIM model based on a preset terminal building electromechanical pipeline layout priority rule base and genetic algorithm.

[0008] The clearance verification unit is connected to the pipeline optimization unit and is configured to perform dynamic clearance analysis on the key areas of the optimized model and verify whether it meets the clearance requirements.

[0009] The results output unit is configured to display the final optimized model based on the analysis results of the net height verification unit, and automatically update the main model in the model integration unit in reverse.

[0010] The end-to-end management unit connects to all the aforementioned units and is configured to track, manage, and archive detected conflicts, optimization processes, solution versions, and verification feedback throughout their entire lifecycle.

[0011] Furthermore, the model integration unit performs the following process:

[0012] Convert the original BIM models generated by different modeling software into a unified format;

[0013] During the lightweighting process, the geometric data and attribute data in the BIM model are separated and stored separately. The geometric data is converted into streaming data suitable for fast rendering, while the attribute data is stored in an independent database for on-demand querying.

[0014] Record and manage the update history of models from different professions and versions, and support version difference comparison and quick rollback.

[0015] Furthermore, the collision detection unit includes:

[0016] Hard collision detection is used to detect whether there are physical intersections between pipelines of different specialties or between pipelines and building structures.

[0017] Clearance collision detection is used to detect whether the distance between pipelines or between pipelines and equipment is less than a preset safe installation and maintenance clearance threshold.

[0018] Rule-based soft collision detection is used to detect whether pipeline layout violates a preset rule library. The rule library includes, but is not limited to, the safe distance between high-voltage and low-voltage cable trays, the prohibition of pressure pipelines being located directly above electrical equipment, and pipeline avoidance principles.

[0019] Furthermore, the rule base embedded in the rule-based soft collision detection supports user-defined extensions, allowing users to add, modify, and disable specific detection rules according to the specific circumstances of the project.

[0020] Furthermore, the terminal building electromechanical pipeline layout priority rule base preset in the pipeline optimization unit includes a dynamic priority adjustment mechanism, specifically:

[0021] The priority of pipeline avoidance is dynamically adjusted according to the functional area attributes of the terminal building. Among them, the safety evacuation pipelines in the check-in hall, security check area, and key passage areas of boarding bridges have the highest priority.

[0022] The impact of pipeline layout scheme on structural load is evaluated in real time during the iteration of the genetic algorithm. When the load of the support and hanger exceeds the critical threshold, the pipeline route is automatically re-optimized.

[0023] Furthermore, the pipeline optimization unit uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the routing, elevation, and support / hanger layout of conflicting pipelines in the BIM model, generating multiple optimization schemes, specifically:

[0024] The system receives and parses the conflict report, automatically identifies conflict clusters based on the type, severity level, and involved component systems, and dynamically defines the local spatial range that needs to be collaboratively optimized by analyzing the spatial distribution and logical relationship of the conflict clusters, which serves as the initial optimization domain for the genetic algorithm.

[0025] The pipeline optimization problem is quantified into a comprehensive cost objective function that includes the number of conflicts, total pipeline length, number of bends, and space utilization.

[0026] Based on the comprehensive cost objective function, optimization calculations are performed, and multiple feasible pipeline layout schemes are generated through iterative evolution via selection, crossover, and mutation operations.

[0027] The generated multiple feasible pipeline layout schemes are sorted, and the top N optimized schemes with the lowest overall cost are recommended to the user. Conflict optimization is then performed on the BIM model based on the recommended optimization schemes.

[0028] Furthermore, the system recommends the N lowest-cost optimization solutions to users, specifically:

[0029] The algorithm receives multiple feasible pipeline layout schemes from its optimization output. For each scheme, the comprehensive cost objective function value is calculated, as shown in the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] in, This represents the overall cost of the calculated pipeline layout scheme. The number of intersections and conflicts in three-dimensional space; This represents the total length of the pipeline. This refers to the number of elbows; As an indicator of space utilization; , , , These are the weighting coefficients for each optimization objective;

[0032] All pipeline layout schemes are sorted in ascending order based on their calculated comprehensive cost.

[0033] Based on the ranking results, the top N lowest-cost solutions are selected to generate a recommendation list.

[0034] Furthermore, the height verification unit performs the following process:

[0035] Receive the conflict-optimized BIM model from the pipeline optimization unit and define at least one analysis path in the key functional areas of the terminal building;

[0036] After the analysis path is defined, a vertical cross-section is automatically generated along the path at a preset high-density sampling interval. For each sampling point, the vertical distance from the finished surface elevation to the bottom of the lowest pipeline, duct, cable tray or structural component directly above that point is calculated. This distance is the actual net height of that point.

[0037] The system retrieves the mandatory clearance limit corresponding to the function of the area from the embedded specification database and compares the actual clearance calculated for each sampling point with the corresponding specification requirement limit in real time.

[0038] Summarize the specific locations, actual net height values, and deviations from the standard values ​​of all non-compliant points that are below the limit, and generate a structured compliance verification report.

[0039] Furthermore, after generating a compliance verification report, the clearance verification unit automatically identifies the spatial characteristics of areas with unqualified clearance and the pipeline systems involved. Combined with the terminal electromechanical pipeline layout priority rule library in the pipeline optimization unit, it performs causal analysis on areas that do not meet clearance requirements and generates automatic suggested solutions containing specific optimization measures. These optimization measures include, but are not limited to, locally adjusting the pipeline layout elevation, optimizing the support and hanger type and installation height, or suggesting that specific pipelines adopt a flat laying method.

[0040] Furthermore, the entire process management unit is also configured as follows:

[0041] Each detected conflict is assigned a unique identifier, and its status is tracked throughout the entire process from discovery, assignment, design optimization, review to final closure. Status information includes the current person in charge, the planned resolution date, and overdue warnings.

[0042] The detected conflict points are automatically assigned to the corresponding design personnel according to their profession, region, or severity level, and the handling status is tracked.

[0043] Record all discussions, decision-making basis, and final solutions for each conflict point during the optimization process, forming a traceable decision-making chain.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] 1. This invention achieves a significant improvement in detection accuracy and efficiency by constructing an integrated model processing and multi-dimensional conflict detection mechanism. The multi-dimensional conflict detection mechanism not only performs hard collision detection of entity intersections, but also introduces gap collision and soft collision detection based on an extensible rule base, thereby accurately identifying potential conflicts caused by insufficient safety spacing or violation of pipeline layout principles.

[0046] 2. This invention quantifies the conflict optimization problem into a multi-objective cost function, which can automatically generate multiple feasible optimization schemes that comprehensively consider the number of conflicts, material costs, and space utilization, and provide priority recommendations. In particular, the dynamic priority adjustment mechanism combined with the functional area attributes of the terminal ensures that the pipeline layout in key areas prioritizes safety and functional requirements. At the same time, the genetic algorithm can evaluate the support and hanger load in real time and trigger re-optimization, thereby generating high-quality solutions that are both safe and economical and meet the requirements of specific functional scenarios. This effectively solves the problems of traditional methods relying on manual experience, low optimization efficiency, and difficulty in global balancing. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the BIM-based terminal building electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] To address the technical challenges of insufficient accuracy, low optimization efficiency, and inability to meet the specific functions and clearance requirements of airport terminals in existing pipeline collision detection technologies, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0050] A BIM-based terminal building electromechanical pipeline conflict detection and optimization system includes:

[0051] The model integration unit is configured to integrate BIM models of terminal electromechanical systems from different design disciplines, and to perform lightweight processing on the integrated BIM models to generate lightweight models suitable for browsing and operation on web and mobile devices.

[0052] The collision detection unit, connected to the model integration unit, is configured to perform hard collision, gap collision and rule-based soft collision detection based on the lightweight model, and generate a collision report containing the collision type, location, involved components and severity level.

[0053] The pipeline optimization unit is connected to the conflict detection unit and is configured to receive the conflict report and optimize the routing, elevation and support layout of conflicting pipelines in the BIM model based on a preset terminal building electromechanical pipeline layout priority rule base and genetic algorithm.

[0054] The clearance verification unit is connected to the pipeline optimization unit and is configured to perform dynamic clearance analysis on the key areas of the optimized model and verify whether it meets the clearance requirements.

[0055] The results output unit is configured to display the final optimized model based on the analysis results of the net height verification unit, and automatically update the main model in the model integration unit in reverse.

[0056] The end-to-end management unit connects to all the aforementioned units and is configured to track, manage, and archive detected conflicts, optimization processes, solution versions, and verification feedback throughout their entire lifecycle.

[0057] The technical effects of the above-mentioned solution are as follows: The model integration unit achieves convenient access and efficient rendering across multiple terminals through lightweight model processing; the conflict detection unit, combining hard collision, gap collision, and customizable soft collision detection, significantly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of pipeline conflict identification in complex terminal environments; the pipeline optimization unit utilizes a genetic algorithm that integrates a dynamic priority rule base for automated pipeline optimization, not only efficiently generating multiple schemes for comparison but also ensuring that the layout scheme conforms to the functional characteristics and safety specifications of the terminal; the clearance verification unit ensures the clearance compliance of key functional areas through dynamic clearance verification and cause analysis; finally, the result output unit provides visualized result output and automatic reverse updates, and the full-process management unit tracks conflicts and archives decisions throughout the entire lifecycle. Based on the above design, a closed-loop system covering conflict detection, intelligent optimization, and full-process management is constructed, thereby achieving efficient collaboration and data traceability in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases, and thus significantly improving the overall efficiency, quality, and refined management level of the terminal's electromechanical pipeline engineering.

[0058] The model integration unit executes the following process:

[0059] Convert the original BIM models generated by different modeling software into a unified format (such as IFC format).

[0060] During the lightweighting process, the geometric data and attribute data in the BIM model are separated and stored separately. The geometric data is converted into streaming data suitable for fast rendering, while the attribute data is stored in an independent database for on-demand querying.

[0061] Record and manage the update history of models from different professions and versions, and support version difference comparison and quick rollback.

[0062] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: By converting the original BIM models generated by different modeling software into a unified format, the standardized integration of multi-source heterogeneous BIM models can be achieved, thereby ensuring data interoperability and consistency. By separating geometric data from attribute data, the loading speed and interactive smoothness of large models on web and mobile devices can be improved, while maintaining the integrity and queryability of attribute information. Furthermore, by systematically tracking and managing multi-disciplinary and multi-version models, and supporting version comparison and fast rollback functions, data loss and design rework caused by model misoperation or version confusion can be effectively avoided. This provides an accurate, efficient, and traceable unified model foundation for subsequent conflict detection, optimization, and collaborative work.

[0063] The collision detection unit includes:

[0064] Hard collision detection is used to detect whether there are physical intersections between pipelines of different specialties, or between pipelines and building structures. Specifically:

[0065] Space partitioning algorithms (such as bounding box trees or kd-trees) are used to accelerate the spatial indexing of the 3D geometry of all components in the model;

[0066] Through an efficient geometric intersection test algorithm, the system traverses and detects whether there is an overlap of shared internal space between pipelines from different disciplines (such as HVAC pipes, air ducts, and electrical cable trays) and between pipelines and three-dimensional entities of building structures (such as beams, slabs, and columns), i.e. entity intersection. Any intersection that is identified will be accurately recorded by the system as its intersection position, the ID of the component involved, and marked as the highest priority hard conflict.

[0067] Clearance collision detection is used to check whether the distance between pipelines or between pipelines and equipment is less than a preset safe installation and maintenance clearance threshold. Specifically:

[0068] Based on hard collision detection, the outer surface of the geometry of each pipeline and equipment component is automatically offset by a preset safety distance threshold to generate an equidistant buffer shell.

[0069] The safety distance threshold is dynamically set according to the pipeline type, pipe diameter and maintenance requirements. The actual distance is determined by calculating whether these buffer shells intersect.

[0070] Once they intersect, it means that even if the entities are not in direct contact, their installation or maintenance space has been encroached upon. The system will record this as a gap conflict and quantify the difference between the actual gap and the standard threshold.

[0071] Rule-based soft collision detection is used to detect whether pipeline layouts violate a preset rule library. This rule library includes, but is not limited to, the safe distance between high-voltage and low-voltage cable trays, the prohibition of pressure pipelines being located directly above electrical equipment, and pipeline avoidance principles. Specifically:

[0072] Extract non-geometric attribute information of components from the model, such as system type, voltage level, and medium pressure.

[0073] Logical matching and spatial relationship judgment are performed based on the clauses in the rule base. For example, it checks whether the closest distance between the high-voltage cable tray and the low-voltage cable tray in three-dimensional space is greater than the minimum safety value required by the rule, or it detects whether the pressure pipe overlaps with the electrical equipment area below on the vertical projection plane by ray projection.

[0074] At the same time, the overall layout of the pipelines is checked to see if it complies with the established avoidance principles. Any violation of these engineering rules will be identified as a soft conflict.

[0075] The rule library embedded in the rule-based soft collision detection supports user-defined extensions, allowing users to add, modify, and disable specific detection rules according to the specific circumstances of the project.

[0076] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: hard collision detection can accurately identify physical intersection problems; gap collision detection can ensure the safe operating space required for installation and maintenance; and rule-based soft collision detection can predict potential risks that do not comply with industry standards and design principles. This achieves multi-dimensional and in-depth conflict detection coverage, from physical interference to functional and safety violations. The rule-based soft collision detection, through its embedded rule library, can support user-defined extended functions, greatly improving the system's flexibility and adaptability. This allows for targeted adjustments based on the specific needs, special specifications, or owner standards of different terminal projects, making conflict detection not only comprehensive and accurate but also more in line with the actual project.

[0077] The pipeline optimization unit includes a pre-defined priority rule base for terminal building electromechanical pipeline layout, which incorporates a dynamic priority adjustment mechanism. Specifically:

[0078] The priority of pipeline avoidance is dynamically adjusted according to the functional area attributes of the terminal building. Among them, the safety evacuation pipelines in the check-in hall, security check area, and key passage areas of boarding bridges have the highest priority.

[0079] The impact of pipeline layout scheme on structural load is evaluated in real time during the iteration of the genetic algorithm. When the load of the support and hanger exceeds the critical threshold, the pipeline route is automatically re-optimized.

[0080] In the pipeline optimization unit, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the routing, elevation, and support layout of conflicting pipelines in the BIM model, generating multiple optimization schemes, specifically:

[0081] The system receives and parses the conflict report, automatically identifies conflict clusters based on the type, severity level, and involved component systems, and dynamically defines the local spatial range that needs to be collaboratively optimized by analyzing the spatial distribution and logical relationship of the conflict clusters. This range serves as the initial optimization domain for the genetic algorithm, thereby avoiding unnecessary calculations in conflict-free areas.

[0082] The pipeline optimization problem is quantified into a comprehensive cost objective function that includes the number of conflicts, total pipeline length, number of bends, and space utilization.

[0083] Based on the comprehensive cost objective function, optimization calculations are performed, and multiple feasible pipeline layout schemes are generated through iterative evolution via selection, crossover, and mutation operations.

[0084] The generated feasible pipeline layout schemes are ranked, and the top N optimized schemes with the lowest overall cost are recommended to the user. Based on the recommended optimized schemes, conflict optimization is performed on the BIM model, specifically as follows:

[0085] The algorithm receives multiple feasible pipeline layout schemes from its optimization output. For each scheme, the comprehensive cost objective function value is calculated, as shown in the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] in, This represents the overall cost of the calculated pipeline layout scheme. The number of intersections and conflicts in three-dimensional space; This represents the total length of the pipeline. This refers to the number of elbows; As an indicator of space utilization; , , , These are the weighting coefficients for each optimization objective;

[0088] All pipeline layout schemes are sorted in ascending order based on their calculated comprehensive cost.

[0089] Based on the ranking results, the top N lowest-cost solutions are selected to generate a recommendation list.

[0090] The technical effects of the above-mentioned solution are as follows: A dynamic priority adjustment mechanism enables pipeline avoidance rules to intelligently respond to the specific needs of different functional areas of the terminal, thereby ensuring that the safety and functionality of key areas are not affected. Simultaneously, a real-time structural load assessment and automatic re-optimization mechanism ensures the structural safety of the support and hanger system. Combined with a genetic algorithm, key optimization areas can be automatically identified from conflict reports, and a comprehensive cost objective function can be constructed. Intelligent evolutionary calculations efficiently generate multiple feasible solutions that achieve balanced optimization in reducing conflicts, controlling material and installation costs, and improving space utilization, providing users with the optimal choice. Thus, while ensuring the scientific and economical nature of the solution, the automation level and decision-making efficiency of complex electromechanical pipeline system optimization are significantly improved, effectively overcoming the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and difficult-to-balance-all aspects of traditional manual optimization.

[0091] The height verification unit performs the following procedures:

[0092] Receive the conflict-optimized BIM model from the pipeline optimization unit and define at least one analysis path in the key functional areas of the terminal (such as above the check-in island, the main passage of the waiting area, the boarding bridge connection, the baggage claim hall, etc.).

[0093] After the analysis path is defined, a vertical cross-section is automatically generated along the path at a preset high-density sampling interval (e.g., one point every 0.5 meters). For each sampling point, the vertical distance from the finished surface elevation to the bottom of the lowest pipeline, air duct, cable tray or structural component directly above that point is calculated. This distance is the actual net height of that point.

[0094] The system retrieves mandatory height limits corresponding to the function of the area from the embedded specification database (e.g., the main passageway of the check-in hall must have a height of no less than 3.0 meters, and the waiting area must have a height of no less than 2.8 meters), and compares the actual height calculated for each sampling point with the corresponding specification limit in real time.

[0095] Summarize the specific locations, actual net height values, and deviations from the standard values ​​of all non-compliant points that are below the limit, and generate a structured compliance verification report.

[0096] After generating a compliance verification report, the clearance verification unit automatically identifies the spatial characteristics of areas with unqualified clearance and the pipeline systems involved. Combined with the terminal electromechanical pipeline layout priority rule library in the pipeline optimization unit, it performs cause analysis on areas that do not meet clearance requirements and generates automatic suggested solutions containing specific optimization measures. These optimization measures include, but are not limited to, adjusting the elevation of pipeline layout locally, optimizing the form and installation height of supports and hangers, or suggesting that specific pipelines adopt a flat laying method.

[0097] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: by automatically measuring the vertical clearance at high-density sampling points and comparing it with the standard database in real time, it can accurately verify the clearance compliance of key functional areas of the terminal building and immediately generate a detailed compliance report. Furthermore, it can automatically perform intelligent cause analysis after discovering insufficient clearance and generate specific and feasible optimization suggestions based on the existing pipeline layout priority rule library. This effectively prevents functional defects or risks of later demolition and modification caused by insufficient clearance, and ensures the comfort, safety and compliance of the terminal building space.

[0098] The full-process management unit is also configured as follows:

[0099] Each detected conflict is assigned a unique identifier, and its status is tracked throughout the entire process from discovery, assignment, design optimization, review to final closure. Status information includes the current person in charge, the planned resolution date, and overdue warnings.

[0100] The detected conflict points are automatically assigned to the corresponding design personnel according to their profession, region, or severity level, and the handling status is tracked.

[0101] Record all discussions, decision-making basis, and final solutions for each conflict point during the optimization process, forming a traceable decision-making chain.

[0102] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: By assigning a unique identifier to each conflict and tracking its status throughout the entire process, closed-loop management of terminal building electromechanical pipeline conflicts can be achieved from discovery to closure. Combined with automatic assignment and overdue early warning mechanisms, this significantly improves the collaborative efficiency and timeliness of problem handling. At the same time, by fully recording the discussion process, decision-making basis, and final solution for each conflict point, a clear and traceable decision-making chain can be formed. This not only provides a reliable basis for quality control and responsibility definition in the current project, but also provides a valuable knowledge base for the design optimization and experience accumulation of similar projects in the future.

[0103] Working principle: The model integration unit can unify the processing of multi-disciplinary BIM models to generate a lightweight model. The conflict detection unit performs multi-type conflict detection based on this model and generates detailed reports. The pipeline optimization unit automatically generates multiple optimization schemes by combining a priority rule base and a genetic algorithm. The clearance verification unit performs dynamic clearance analysis and verification on the optimized model. The result output unit realizes visualization and reverse model updates. The full-process management unit tracks and manages the entire lifecycle. Through the collaborative work of the above units, the entire process from model integration, conflict detection, intelligent optimization to verification management can be automated. This effectively solves the problems of insufficient detection accuracy, low optimization efficiency, and lack of full-process management in traditional methods, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of conflict detection and optimization of electromechanical pipelines in the terminal building.

[0104] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0105] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based airport building MEP pipeline conflict detection and optimization system, characterized in that, The application relates to a terminal building mechanical and electrical system BIM model management system, which comprises the following units: a model integration unit configured to integrate BIM models of terminal building mechanical and electrical systems from different design specialties and to perform lightweight processing on the integrated BIM models to generate lightweight models suitable for web and mobile browsing and operation; a conflict detection unit connected with the model integration unit and configured to perform hard collision, clearance collision and rule-based soft collision detection based on the lightweight models and to generate a conflict report containing conflict types, positions, involved components and severity levels; a pipeline optimization unit connected with the conflict detection unit and configured to receive the conflict report and to optimize the routing, elevation and support arrangement of conflict pipelines in the BIM models based on a preset terminal building mechanical and electrical pipeline arrangement priority rule base and a genetic algorithm; a net height verification unit connected with the pipeline optimization unit and configured to perform dynamic net height analysis of key areas of the optimized model and to verify whether the net height requirement is met; a result output unit configured to display the final optimized model based on the analysis result of the net height verification unit and to automatically update the master model in the model integration unit in reverse; a whole-process management unit connected with all the aforementioned units and configured to track, manage and archive the detected conflicts, optimization processes, scheme versions and verification feedback throughout the whole life cycle.

2. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The model integration unit performs the following processes: converting original BIM models generated by different modeling software into a unified format; in the lightweight process, the geometric data and attribute data in the BIM model are stripped and stored separately, wherein the geometric data is converted into streaming data suitable for fast rendering, and the attribute data is stored in a separate database for on-demand query; recording and managing model update history of different specialties and different versions, and supporting version difference comparison and quick rollback.

3. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The conflict detection unit comprises: hard collision detection for detecting whether there is entity intersection between pipelines of different specialties and between pipelines and building structures; clearance collision detection for detecting whether the distance between pipelines and between pipelines and equipment is less than a preset safe installation and maintenance clearance threshold; rule-based soft collision detection for detecting whether the pipeline arrangement violates a preset rule base, wherein the rule base comprises but is not limited to safe distance of strong and weak electric wire slots, pressure pipeline cannot be located directly above electrical equipment and pipeline avoidance principle.

4. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 3, wherein, The rule base embedded in the rule-based soft collision detection supports user-defined extension, allowing users to add, modify and disable specific detection rules according to the specific conditions of the project.

5. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The preset terminal building mechanical and electrical pipeline arrangement priority rule base in the pipeline optimization unit comprises a dynamic priority adjustment mechanism, specifically: dynamically adjusting the pipeline avoidance priority according to the function area attributes of the terminal building, wherein the safety evacuation pipelines in the check-in hall, security area and boarding bridge key passage area enjoy the highest avoidance priority; in the iteration process of the genetic algorithm, the influence of the pipeline arrangement scheme on the structure load is evaluated in real time, and when it is detected that the support and hanger load exceeds a critical threshold, the pipeline routing is automatically re-optimized.

6. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The pipeline optimization unit optimizes the routing, elevation and support layout of the conflict pipelines in the BIM model based on a genetic algorithm, generates multiple optimization schemes, and specifically: Receives and analyzes the conflict report, automatically identifies conflict clusters based on the type, severity level and involved component system of the conflict, dynamically defines the local spatial range that needs to be optimized in coordination by analyzing the spatial distribution and logical association of the conflict clusters, and uses the result as the initial optimization domain of the genetic algorithm; Quantifies the pipeline optimization problem into a comprehensive cost objective function including the number of conflicts, total pipeline length, number of bends, and space utilization; Based on the comprehensive cost objective function, perform optimization calculation, and generate multiple feasible pipeline arrangement schemes through selection, crossover and mutation operations; Sort the generated multiple feasible pipeline arrangement schemes, and recommend the top N optimization schemes with the lowest comprehensive cost to the user, and optimize the BIM model according to the recommended optimization scheme.

7. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 6, wherein, The user is recommended the top N optimization schemes with the lowest comprehensive cost, specifically: Receive multiple feasible pipeline arrangement schemes output by the algorithm optimization, calculate the comprehensive cost objective function value for each scheme, as shown in the following formula: ； wherein, is a calculated overall cost value of the pipeline routing scheme; is a number of crossing conflicts in three-dimensional space; is a total length of the pipeline; is a number of bends; is a space utilization index; , , , is a weight coefficient of each optimization objective; Arrange all schemes in ascending order of the calculated comprehensive cost value of the pipeline arrangement scheme; Based on the arrangement result, select the top N schemes with the lowest cost to generate a recommendation list.

8. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The net height verification unit performs the following processes: Receive the BIM model with completed conflict optimization from the pipeline optimization unit, and define at least one analysis path in the key functional area of the terminal building; After the analysis path is defined, automatically generate vertical cross sections at a preset high-density sampling interval along the path, and calculate the vertical distance from the finished surface elevation to the bottom of the lowest pipeline, duct, bridge or structural component directly above each sampling point. This distance is the actual net height of the point. Call the mandatory net height limit value corresponding to the area function from the embedded specification database, and compare the actual net height calculated for each sampling point with the corresponding specification limit value in real time; Summarize the specific location, actual net height value and deviation from the specification value of all unqualified points below the limit value, and generate a structured compliance verification report.

9. The BIM-based airport terminal MEP pipe collision detection and optimization system of claim 8, wherein, After generating the compliance verification report, the net height verification unit automatically identifies the spatial characteristics of the net height unqualified area and the involved pipeline system, and analyzes the causes of the area that does not meet the net height requirement based on the terminal building mechanical and electrical pipeline arrangement priority rule library in the pipeline optimization unit, and generates an automatic suggestion scheme including specific optimization measures, including but not limited to local adjustment of pipeline arrangement elevation, optimization of support and hanger form and installation height, or suggestion of flat laying for specific pipelines.

10. The BIM-based concourse MEP conflict detection and optimization system of claim 1, wherein, The whole process management unit is also configured to: Assign a unique identification code to each detected conflict, and track its whole process status from discovery, allocation, optimization design, review to final closing, including current responsible person, planned resolution date and overdue warning; Automatically assign the detected conflict points to the corresponding design responsible person according to the professional, area or severity level, and track the processing status; Record all discussions, decision basis and final solution of each conflict point in the optimization process, form traceable decision chain.

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