Device for judging motion balance state of object based on attractive force and magnetic force

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a device for judging the motion balance state of an object based on attractive force and magnetic force, which analyzes the interaction among a plurality of objects in periodic motion, particularly uniform circular motion, based on the attractive force and magnetic force, so as to predict the information of the objects, such as the motion direction, the motion plane and the motion period when the objects reach the balance state. In a specific embodiment, the formation reason of a galaxy disc shape is analyzed, the inclination angle of earth rotation is calculated, and the possibility of developing a corresponding gravitational magnetic device by referring to an existing electromagnetic device is analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the application of computer mathematics in physical modeling, and more particularly to a device for determining the equilibrium state of an object's motion based on gravity and magnetism. Background Technology

[0002] In the patent applications “A Method and Apparatus for Predicting the Motion State of an Object” (patent application number 2024108362841, hereinafter referred to as “Reference [1]”) and “A Motion Parameter Calculation Device Based on Dimensional Analysis” (patent application number 2025105860801, hereinafter referred to as “Reference [2]”), the Earth’s rotation period is calculated based on the energy-frequency relationship, including calculating the daily period from the annual period and the daily period from the monthly period. As described in Reference [2], in the non-limiting case, that is, when the two or more motions in the system can be described by triangular waves, the energy-frequency relationship can be intuitively modeled by a power model with energy buffer, which can be intuitively understood as two interacting objects, one of which outputs power equal to the other’s input power. This is easy to understand intuitively.

[0003] However, the difficulty lies in discussing the limiting case. In the limiting case, the triangular wave becomes a straight line, meaning that the energy of the object remains stable and it appears that there is no energy exchange with the outside world. The Earth's rotation is such a limiting case, with a constant rotation speed, so the rotational energy also remains constant. For the equilibrium condition of the limiting case, a new assumption needs to be introduced. Referring to the thermal equilibrium condition, an object does not exchange energy with the outside world, generally because the object has reached thermal equilibrium with the outside world. Therefore, the assumption of action balance introduced in references [1][2] seems reasonable. However, thermal equilibrium is based on statistical methods and is not necessarily true for individuals (i.e., for individuals, there should be a high probability that it is true, but there is still a probability that it is not true). Therefore, the energy-frequency relationship in the limiting case is still just an assumption and more evidence is needed to improve its persuasiveness. See attached Figure 2 As shown.

[0004] Earlier, traditional views held that the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth were not directly related, but only had a weak, indirect relationship through tidal movements on the Earth's surface. Traditional analyses of the relationship between these two periodic movements employed the following two methods:

[0005] 1. From an energy perspective, the Earth's rotation does not exchange energy with the outside world. The Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth are two completely independent motions.

[0006] 2. Analysis from the perspective of tidal phenomena. From this perspective, the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth are still independent entities. However, the Moon's revolution can indirectly affect the Earth's rotation through the mediation of tides. This effect can only be a drag, and the equilibrium point is tidal locking.

[0007] From the two perspectives above, the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth are not directly related, making it difficult to derive the energy-frequency relationship under extreme conditions.

[0008] The views on the connection between the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth (two views: one is a direct connection based on energy-frequency relationship; the other is no direct connection, only an indirect connection through tidal resistance) are clearly inconsistent.

[0009] The gravitational electromagnetic model offers a new perspective. From this perspective, the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth interact directly through a "gravitational magnetism," and this interaction has an equilibrium point based on energy (rather than tidal drag). Although quantitatively analyzing the equilibrium conditions from this perspective, and thus directly proving the energy-frequency relationship hypothesis, remains somewhat difficult, this perspective can provide some reference for judging which of the two viewpoints is "more likely to be correct."

[0010] Furthermore, based on the direction of magnetic torque, the gravitational electromagnetic model can derive some independent conclusions, including the reasons for the formation of the Earth's rotation direction and the shapes of galaxies (unidirectionality, coplanarity), etc. This will be explained in the specific implementation section.

[0011] Since the Earth's rotation direction and rotation rate are two components of the same spinor, although the analysis of the origin of the Earth's rotation direction is independent, it can help determine the origin of the Earth's rotation rate and related constraints. To put it more intuitively, the traditional view of Earth's rotation can be broken down into the following two sub-problems:

[0012] (1) Origin: It originated from the angular momentum that existed at the time of the Big Bang and has been preserved ever since;

[0013] (2) End point: Rotational speed is balanced by Earth-Moon tidal locking.

[0014] Correspondingly, the above references [1][2] hold the following views on Earth's rotation:

[0015] (1) Origin: It comes from the interference of two motions: the Earth-Moon system's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's revolution around the Earth (similar to the magnetic force).

[0016] (2) End point: Rotational speed is balanced by the energy-frequency relationship of the above two items (equal distribution of action).

[0017] The aforementioned references introduce new assumptions for both sub-problems, which increases the complexity of the discussion. Note that rotational motion can be decomposed into two components: rotational speed and direction. The aforementioned references focus on the rotational speed of the Earth's rotation.

[0018] This invention is primarily based on the direction of Earth's rotation, and the corresponding viewpoints regarding Earth's rotation are:

[0019] (1) Origin: It comes from the gravitational and magnetic effects of multiple rotational motions, such as the Earth-Moon system's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's revolution around the Earth;

[0020] (2) End point: The shapes of various rotational motions inside the galaxy have the characteristics of being in the same direction and coplanar. This is consistent with the current observation results.

[0021] The viewpoint of this invention on the origin of Earth's rotation is consistent with that in references [1][2]; however, the analysis of the endpoint (equilibrium point) is mainly based on existing gravitational electromagnetic techniques and does not introduce any new assumptions. Summary of the Invention

[0022] This invention provides a device for determining the equilibrium state of an object's motion based on gravitational and magnetic forces. For multiple objects undergoing periodic motion, especially uniform circular motion, the device analyzes their interactions based on gravitational and magnetic forces to predict information such as the object's motion direction, motion plane, and motion period when it reaches an equilibrium state.

[0023] This invention includes the following modules: a mass-to-electricity conversion module, a gravitational-electromagnetic calculation module, a motion-related effect analysis module, and a gravitational-magnetic equilibrium condition analysis module. (See attached...) Figure 1 As shown.

[0024] 301. Quality Object to Power Object Conversion Module

[0025] 1. Introduction to the Gravitational Electromagnetic Model

[0026] Both gravity and electrostatic force (i.e., Coulomb force, hereinafter the same) follow the inverse square law. In addition, there are readily available analytical methods in electromagnetism for the additional effects of charged bodies due to motion (including velocity and acceleration), and related concepts include magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, electromagnetic waves, etc. These methods are integrated into Maxwell's equations.

[0027] Gravito-electromagnetism (GEM) is an existing technique used to study the effects of motion (including velocity and acceleration) on mass gravity (i.e., universal gravitation) under weak-field approximation, referring to Maxwell's equations in electromagnetism. Corresponding concepts include gravitational electricity, gravitational magnetism, and gravitational electromagnetic waves (i.e., gravitational waves), ultimately resulting in a set of equations almost identical to Maxwell's equations.

[0028] 2. Introduction to the theory behind the gravitational electromagnetic model

[0029] The core theoretical foundation behind the gravitational-electromagnetic model is analyzing which laws are electromagnetic and which are mechanical. Electromagnetic laws refer to those that apply only to charged bodies; while mechanical laws apply to all objects, regardless of whether they are charged or not. Here's a direct conclusion: electrostatic force in electromagnetism is electromagnetic; while other laws in Maxwell's equations, such as magnetic effects and electromagnetic induction, are mechanical.

[0030] A related, but more discussed, question is whether the entirety of electromagnetism can be derived from electrostatics and special relativity. The reference [Zhang Sanhui. University Physics. Electromagnetism Based on Relativity [M]. Tsinghua University Press, 2008.] provides a summary of the relevant discussions on this issue. Roughly half of the textbooks (as mentioned above) consider the answer yes, while the other half (as mentioned in the reference [Feynman, RP Feynman Lectures on Physics, Volume 2 [M]. Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1981.]) consider the answer no. The core disagreement lies in the fact that special relativity only considers velocity, not acceleration, while electromagnetic radiation in electromagnetism is related to acceleration; the disagreement also lies in whether accelerated motion can be approximated as uniform linear motion in segments.

[0031] Since special relativity applies to all objects, not just charged bodies, it is mechanical according to the above definition. Under the weak-field approximation, accelerated motion can be piecewise approximated as uniform linear motion in engineering calculations. In summary, it is argued here that under the weak-field approximation, the combination of electrostatics and mechanical laws allows for the derivation of the entirety of electromagnetism; or in other words, within electromagnetism, only electrostatics is electromagnetic, while the other laws are mechanical.

[0032] The reason for replacing "special relativity" with "mechanical laws" in the above description is that, under the weak field approximation, special relativity can be further simplified to Maxwell's equations. This approximation method can be considered effective not only for electromagnetic fields but also for gravitational-electromagnetic models. In the subsequent specific modeling process, we will base the modeling on Maxwell's equations (rather than special relativity), which will greatly simplify the problem; furthermore, electromagnetic force is a vector, which is very helpful for the analysis.

[0033] In other words, since gravity and electrostatic force have similar properties, if we replace electrostatic force with gravity and combine it with the aforementioned mechanical laws, we should be able to establish laws similar to Maxwell's equations, namely gravitational electromagnetism.

[0034] Modeling the gravitational electric and magnetic fields generated by moving objects based on gravitational electromagnetism is relatively easy. In general, this is an existing technology, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0035] 3. A specific gravitational and electromagnetic model of the Earth-Moon system

[0036] The basic idea is to simulate the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon using electrostatic force, and then calculate the additional effects between the Earth and the Moon due to motion (including velocity and acceleration) using formulas from electromagnetism.

[0037] (1) Mass body is converted into electric charge body

[0038] Consider the conversion relationship between mass and electric charge under the condition that gravity remains constant. The specific process is as follows:

[0039] a. Calculate the gravitational force between two objects, each weighing 1 kg and located 1 m apart. According to the gravitational formula F = Gm1m2 / r^2, where G is the gravitational constant (6.67430 × 10^-11 N·(m / kg)), m1 = m2 = 1 kg, and r = 1 m, the result is 6.67430 × 10^-11 N.

[0040] b. Calculate the amount of charge required to generate an electrostatic force of the same magnitude as the gravitational force described above. According to Coulomb's law, F = kq1q2 / r^2, where k is the electrostatic constant (8.98755 × 10^9 N·m^2 / C^2), assuming q1 = q2 = q, the value of q can be solved. The calculation result is approximately 8.617 × 10^-11 C.

[0041] In other words, for two objects, if we convert 1 kg of mass into 8.617 × 10⁻¹¹ C of electric charge, then the gravitational force before the conversion is equal to the electrostatic force after the conversion. Using this relationship, we can convert "mass of Earth" and "mass of Moon" into "electric charge of Earth" and "electric charge of Moon". (See attached image.) Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] After converting the mass-gravity model into an electric charge-gravity model, the electric charge model can be directly processed using electromagnetic methods. In particular, it is possible to calculate the additional effects of velocity and acceleration in the electric charge model, and the calculated additional effects also apply to the original mass-gravity model.

[0043] (2) Determine the constant

[0044] The electromagnetic model contains two constants: the vacuum permittivity (epsilon_0) and the vacuum permeability (mu_0). It appears that the industry has not yet determined the values ​​of these two constants corresponding to gravitational electromagnetic waves. However, since these two values ​​jointly determine the wave speed, and existing measurements have shown that the wave speed of gravitational electromagnetic waves is strictly equal to the wave speed of electromagnetic waves, it is a reasonable assumption that these two constants from the electromagnetic model can be directly reused in the gravitational electromagnetic model. This is also the approach commonly adopted in the industry.

[0045] 302. Gravitational Electromagnetic Calculation Module

[0046] 1. Establish a computational electromagnetic model

[0047] The main task of this part is to transform Maxwell's equations into computational formulas that can be calculated sequentially, similar to a computer program. The relevant techniques are introduced in computational electromagnetics, and are briefly described here.

[0048] It is important to note that quantitative calculations of rotational motion based on electromagnetic forces are typically very complex. For example, the revolution and spin of electrons around the nucleus in an atom involves two objects (the nucleus and the electrons) and two types of motion (electron revolution around the nucleus and electron spin), requiring consideration of three effects of similar magnitude. Analyzing the rotation of the Earth-Sun system requires considering at least four types of motion involving three objects (Earth's revolution around the Sun, Moon's revolution around the Sun with the Earth-Moon system, Moon's revolution around the Earth, and Earth's rotation). Therefore, a complete quantitative analysis is expected to require calculations of more than a dozen independent effects.

[0049] This instruction manual will not perform a complete quantitative calculation, but will select one of the two motions (the gravitational and electromagnetic forces generated by the Earth's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's revolution around the Sun with the Earth-Moon system) for calculation, and then use the calculation results of this item to explain the magnitude and equilibrium point of the gravitational and magnetic force term.

[0050] The following analysis will show that although the result of the complete calculation is expected to be several times or even ten times larger than the result of the individual calculations, this only affects the speed at which the equilibrium point is reached, and will not affect the properties of the equilibrium point. Therefore, it will not affect the conclusions of this specification, especially the section on specific embodiments.

[0051] To avoid ambiguity, all calculations below are directly taken from Python programs. The following symbols or variables require prior explanation:

[0052] (1), where ** represents the power operation and np.cross represents the cross product operation;

[0053] (2), where charge.charge refers to the charge of the charged body, charge.velocity refers to the velocity of the charged body, and charge.acceleration refers to the acceleration of the charged body; r_vec represents the distance vector, and r_hat represents the unit vector in the distance direction.

[0054] The following steps are required to establish a computational electromagnetic model:

[0055] (1) Record electromagnetic constants

[0056] The recorded information includes two items: vacuum permittivity (epsilon_0) and vacuum permeability (mu_0).

[0057] (2) Record the information of each charged body in the system.

[0058] The recorded information includes four items: charge, velocity, acceleration, and position.

[0059] (3) Calculate the electromagnetic field generated by each charged body due to its charge, velocity and acceleration.

[0060] include:

[0061] a. Electrostatic field (Coulomb field) and static magnetic field. The electrostatic field is calculated according to Coulomb's law, while the static magnetic field is always 0.

[0062] k_e = 1 / (4 * np.pi * epsilon_0) # Coulomb constant

[0063] E_coulomb = k_e * charge.charge * r_hat / r ** 2

[0064] B_coulomb = 0

[0065] b. The electric and magnetic fields caused by velocity. The magnetic field caused by velocity is calculated according to the Biot-Savart law, while the electric field caused by velocity is always zero.

[0066] E_velocity = 0

[0067] B_velocity = (mu_0 * charge.charge / (4 * np.pi * r ** 3)) * np.cross(charge.velocity, r_vec)

[0068] c, Electromagnetic radiation field caused by acceleration.

[0069] term = np.cross(r_hat, charge.acceleration)

[0070] E_rad = (mu_0 * charge.charge / (4 * np.pi * r)) * np.cross(term, r_hat)

[0071] B_rad = (mu_0 * charge.charge / (4 * np.pi * c_light * r ** 2)) *np.cross(charge.acceleration, r_hat)

[0072] (4) Calculate the forces exerted by each electromagnetic field obtained in the previous step on other charged bodies.

[0073] That is, calculate the Lorentz force:

[0074] F = q(E + v × B)

[0075] The term q*E represents the electric force experienced by the charged body, and the term q*v × B represents the magnetic force experienced by the charged body.

[0076] The above computational electromagnetics model can also be referenced from other existing computational electromagnetics programs.

[0077] 303. Analysis Module of Additional Effects of Motion

[0078] Calculate the force results, especially the forces corresponding to the additional effects caused by velocity and acceleration.

[0079] Taking the Earth and Moon's revolution around the Sun as an example, by substituting their respective motion parameters, including their velocities, into the calculation model described above, the additional effects caused by their motion can be calculated. The specific results are as follows.

[0080] 1. Gravitational and electrostatic forces (i.e., universal gravitation):

[0081] F_coulomb = 1.98033702 × 10^20 (Equation 1)

[0082] 2. Gravitational and magnetic forces (effects caused by velocity, collinear with and opposite to gravity):

[0083] F_velocity = -1.95449509 × 10^12 (Equation 2)

[0084] 3. Note that the Moon's velocity primarily comes from the Earth-Moon system's revolution around the Sun, while its acceleration mainly comes from its revolution around the Earth. To assess the effects of this acceleration, a correction term for the Moon's acceleration around the Earth is also calculated. It's important to note that this acceleration correction term corresponds to "electromagnetic radiation," includes the radiation direction, and its propagation path is perpendicular to the line connecting the Earth and the Moon, not passing through the Earth. Therefore, this correction term does not exert a force on the Earth. However, for ease of comparison, the magnitude of the force is given here assuming this radiation field acts on the Earth.

[0085] Gravitational radiation force (the effect caused by the acceleration of the moon's revolution around the earth, with a radiating direction; this force does not actually exist, it is only used to illustrate the magnitude of the field):

[0086] F_rad = 2.28691093 × 10^09 (Equation 3)

[0087] Compared to the previous term (Equation 2), this term is very small. The additional effects caused by acceleration are ignored thereafter.

[0088] The calculation results are attached. Figure 4 As shown.

[0089] 304. Gravitational and Magnetic Equilibrium Condition Analysis Module

[0090] Discussion of the force results:

[0091] 1. Compared to the gravitational term (the main term), the gravitational-magnetic term caused by velocity (i.e., the special relativity correction term) is extremely small, approximately 1 / 10^8, or one part in a billion. Clearly, under current technological conditions, this term has no measurable effect.

[0092] This aligns with intuition, as the Earth and Moon move at speeds far less than the speed of light, at which point there should be no significant special relativistic effects.

[0093] 2. However, it is important to note that although the gravitational-magnetic term is very small compared to the main term, its absolute value is still very large (on the order of 10^12). If this term acts independently on the Earth or the Moon, it will produce significant observable effects over long timescales, which are easily overlooked. For example, since the evolution of the universe takes hundreds of millions of years, if the aforementioned gravitational-magnetic term continues to act on the Moon, it will produce a velocity of 83,855.35 meters per second over 100 million years.

[0094] v = a*t = (f / m)*t = (1.95449509 * (10 ** 12) / 7.342 * (10 ** 22)) *3.15 * (10 ** 15) = 83855.35 m / s (Equation 4)

[0095] This is much faster than the Earth-Moon system's orbital speed around the Sun. Clearly, if this effect is continuous and cumulative, it is sufficient to bring celestial bodies back to their theoretical equilibrium positions. That is, the actual positions of celestial bodies are not random, but consistent with the theoretical equilibrium positions; there will be no situation where the actual positions of celestial bodies deviate from the theoretical equilibrium positions due to insufficient restoring force.

[0096] The following will explain that if the motion deviates from the equilibrium position, effects such as the magnetic torque effect will occur. The magnetic torque effect, especially the directional effect of the magnetic torque, is unique to the magnetic term and its effects can accumulate over time. This effect is observable and can determine the shape of galaxies. Specific effects will be discussed in the detailed implementation section later. Detailed Implementation

[0097] 401. Specific Implementation Example 1: Analysis of the Causes of Earth's Rotation Direction and Galaxy Shape

[0098] Based on the previous calculations (Equations 1-4), we will now analyze how the gravitational magnetic torque effect influences the direction of Earth's rotation and the shape of galaxies.

[0099] The direction of Earth's rotation is the same as that of other periodic motions in the solar system, such as Earth's revolution around the Sun and the Moon's revolution around the Earth, exhibiting a very clear regularity. This regularity is also prevalent within galaxies. The question of Earth's rotation direction is now categorized as a sub-question in the analysis of the formation of galaxy shapes.

[0100] Galaxies are generally flat, disk-like shapes, and they have two characteristics:

[0101] 1. Same directionality. That is, the axes of revolution and rotation of each celestial body are parallel to each other.

[0102] 2. Coplanarity. The planes of motion of each celestial body coincide with each other.

[0103] The following will explain that this is the result of the combined effects of gravitational magnetic torque and universal gravitation.

[0104] A visual example of the magnetic torque effect is the compass effect, where multiple freely rotating magnetic field sources interact with each other and eventually point in the same direction.

[0105] 1. Analysis of Gravitational Magnetic Torque Effect

[0106] As attached Figure 5 As shown, two charged bodies q1 and q2 in uniform circular motion form circular current 1 and circular current 2, respectively, with their planes of motion perpendicular to each other. The circular motion of charged body q1 generates a magnetic field B.

[0107] The charged body q2 has opposite velocities at points a and b (the two endpoints of the same diameter on the circumference).

[0108] Since electrostatic force is independent of the state of motion, the electrostatic force on q2 at points a and b is the same (assuming the distance between the two moving planes is much greater than the radius of the moving circle, and ignoring the change in distance), and the direction is towards q1.

[0109] However, the magnetic force is related to the direction of motion. The magnetic forces on q2 at points a and b are in opposite directions, which will produce a rotational effect. That is, the plane of motion of q2 will gradually flip until the planes of motion of q1 and q2 are parallel to each other, and then they will reach equilibrium.

[0110] It is important to note that, initially (when the two planes of motion are perpendicular to each other), the electrostatic force (main term) and the magnetic force (correction term) are not on the same straight line, but are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, the magnetic force has a separate effect and is not masked by the main term.

[0111] This magnetic torque effect also applies to gravitational magnetism. Furthermore, in the case of celestial revolution, the main term provides the centripetal force for circular motion, which is periodic and has no time accumulation effect; while the gravitational magnetism term is not periodic but can accumulate over time, and this term will continuously push two mutually perpendicular planes of motion to flip until they become parallel.

[0112] As mentioned earlier (Equations 2 and 4), the absolute values ​​of the gravitational and magnetic forces between celestial bodies are very large, sufficient to cause observable motion effects. Therefore, given a sufficiently long period of time, under the influence of gravitational and magnetic torques, the various periodic motions of celestial bodies within the same galaxy will tend to align in the same direction. This alignment is based on the same principle as the alignment of a compass needle.

[0113] In other words, when celestial bodies are in a non-equilibrium state, the gravitational and magnetic terms primarily exhibit a torque effect, which corrects the direction. This effect is independent of the main term, accumulates over time, and can be observed independently. In an equilibrium state, the gravitational and magnetic terms align with the main term, and their effect corrects the magnitude of the main term; this effect is extremely small and negligible. The key point of this specific embodiment lies in recognizing the difference between these two states.

[0114] Furthermore, under the constraint of gravity, the possible trajectories of celestial bodies revolving around the center are limited to a great circle on the same spherical shell; coupled with the unidirectional constraint generated by the gravitational magnetic torque, it can be determined that the shapes of galaxies exhibit unidirectional and coplanar characteristics. (See attached image) Figure 6 As shown.

[0115] 2. Analysis of the origins of celestial rotational motion

[0116] A related question is why rotational motion is so prevalent among celestial bodies. The traditional view is that these rotations originate from angular momentum present since the Big Bang, therefore, rotational parameters or properties (except for orbital motion caused by gravity) are random, incalculable, and inexplicable. This view faces several difficulties, such as:

[0117] (1) Different galaxies have different shapes. Generally, the rotation axes of different galaxies are not parallel, and their rotation planes are not coplanar. The concept of spinor originates from the Big Bang, making it difficult to explain why this law applies to celestial bodies at various levels within the same galaxy, but not to intergalactic objects. The laws affecting galactic shape should clearly be related to distance. The magnitude of gravitational and magnetic forces has an inverse square relationship with distance, which can explain why this law applies within galaxies but not to intergalactic objects.

[0118] (2) The various rotational motions of different celestial bodies are only parallel to each other in terms of their rotation axes, rather than rotating around the same axis. If the angular momentum of various rotations has the same source, then they should rotate around the same rotation axis, not just have parallel rotation axes. As mentioned earlier, parallel rotation axes are a prominent feature of magnetic torque (compass effect).

[0119] The rotation-related parameters or characteristics analyzed in this invention and related references, such as the Earth's rotation period, the Earth's rotational tilt (see specific embodiments below), the eccentricity of the Earth's revolution around the Sun, and the reasons for the flattened shape of galaxies, can all be derived from the parameters or characteristics of their dual linear motions. Therefore, a reasonable conjecture is that rotational motion is prevalent among celestial bodies. Besides the circular motion generated by the centripetal force provided by gravity, some of this motion also originates from the dual of related linear motions. Here, the dual refers to the motion of an object with charge (mass) under the constraint of the inverse square law, resulting in a vortex magnetic field (gravitational magnetic field) due to linear motion. A more detailed explanation follows.

[0120] 1. According to the inverse square law, a stationary point charge produces a spherically symmetric electric field. When the point charge has a velocity *v*, the electric field weakens from spherically symmetric to axisymmetric. This axisymmetric field can then be labeled using two dual and equivalent methods. One method is to label the velocity of the point charge (a straight vector in a flat coordinate system labels the velocity); the other dual method is to label it with a circle centered at a point on the axis of symmetry, i.e., recording the spinor of the magnetic field produced by the moving point charge. It is important to note that these two methods are dual and equivalent and can be derived from each other. At this point, the system exhibits a flat vector and a spinor, which provides some conditions for rotational motion within the system.

[0121] 2. After the presence of magnetic force in the system, the magnetic force can participate in the rotational motion in at least two ways. First, when in equilibrium, the magnetic force (correction term) acts as a correction to the gravity (main term), providing the centripetal force for the circular motion together with the gravity. Second, the magnetic field has a magnetic and magnetizing effect on other uniformly moving linear objects in the system. For scenarios similar to the Earth's rotation, since there is no centripetal force (no main term) in its rotation, all the effects of its rotation should come from the magnetic force (from the correction term). References [1][2] and this specific embodiment are based on this assumption (that is, the Earth's rotation comes entirely from the correction terms corresponding to the gravity and magnetic forces) to calculate the various parameters of the Earth's rotation.

[0122] 402. Specific Implementation Example 2: Calculating the Earth's Rotational Tilt Angle

[0123] The method of analyzing Earth's rotation based on gravitational magnetism, compared to the energy-based method in references [1][2], has the most significant feature of introducing a directional parameter. Therefore, a natural idea is to combine the directional component of the Earth's rotational spinor with the magnitude of the spinor's rotational speed to improve the calculation accuracy. The following specific examples illustrate how to correct the error in calculating the daily cycle from the monthly cycle using the Earth's rotational tilt.

[0124] Reference [2] shows an error of about 2% in calculating the daily cycle from the annual cycle. In reference [1], the error in calculating the daily cycle from the monthly cycle is about 7.2%, which is significantly larger than expected. It also seems that there is a phenomenon where the local error is greater than the overall error, which is not reasonable. The reference suggests that the error is caused by tidal motion.

[0125] Reference [2] mentions that the motion structure of the Earth-Moon system can be deduced by the eccentricity of the elliptical orbit of the Earth around the Sun. Conversely, this implies that because the Earth-Moon system is an asymmetrical sphere, the asymmetry within the Earth-Moon system leads to the asymmetry of the orbit of the Earth-Moon system, making it change from a circle to an ellipse.

[0126] It is known that the Earth's axis of rotation has an inclination of approximately 23.5° (obliquity of the ecliptic). By analogy with the above inference, this inclination is likely caused by tidal movements on the Earth's surface, which disrupt the symmetry of the Earth's rotation. Furthermore, the structure of both the Earth's rotation and tidal movements can be deduced from the inclination of the rotation.

[0127] The motion period (i.e., angular velocity) calculated in reference [1] has an error of 7.2%. Since the magnetic force is proportional to the angular velocity, the corresponding magnetic force it experiences also has an error of 7.2%. The force analysis is attached. Figure 7 As shown, it is assumed here that the Earth's rotation and other factors such as tides are orthogonal and perpendicular.

[0128] Simple calculations show that:

[0129] cos(23.5°) ≈ 0.917 (Calculate the component of the rotational magnetic force; the total force consists of rotation and tides)

[0130] 22.267 hours ÷ 0.917 = 24.28 hours (Calculate the period of the rotation component based on the proportionality between magnetic force and rotation speed; 22.267 hours is the period of the total calculated in reference [1])

[0131] (24.28 - 24) / 24 = 0.012 = 1.2% (Calculation error rate)

[0132] That is, most of the error can be explained by the rotation tilt angle. After considering the rotation tilt angle factor, the error in calculating the daily cycle from the monthly cycle will be reduced to 1.2%. (See attached...) Figure 7 As shown.

[0133] In other words, if we consider that the Earth's rotation is caused by the interaction between gravity and magnetism, we can decompose the forces by the Earth's rotational tilt and calculate the components in each direction. Then, based on the proportional relationship between magnetic force and rotational speed, we can calculate the magnitude of the rotational speed in each direction.

[0134] Conversely, assuming the Earth's axial tilt is unknown, the 7.2% error in estimating the rotation period from the aforementioned monthly cycle leads to the deduction that the Earth's rotation has an axial tilt of approximately 23.5°.

[0135] 403. Specific Implementation Example 3: A Review and Analysis of the Energy-Frequency Relationship Model Based on the Gravitational Electromagnetic Model

[0136] The Earth's rotation period can be analyzed using either energy-frequency methods or gravitational-magnetic methods.

[0137] For energy-frequency-based methods, Earth's rotation is a limiting case, where it appears that Earth does not exchange energy with its surroundings during rotation. In this case, a new relationship (energy-frequency relationship) needs to be introduced by analogy with thermal equilibrium. In general, the energy-frequency relationship between Earth's rotation and its surroundings is an assumption derived through analogy and requires further analysis.

[0138] For gravitational and magnetic methods, it is expected that the Earth's rotation period can be quantitatively derived entirely based on existing technology without introducing new assumptions. However, such a derivation is expected to be extremely complex (potentially involving more than a dozen independent terms) and difficult to complete.

[0139] This specific embodiment aims to adopt a compromise approach, using a gravitational electromagnetic model to qualitatively analyze several potentially questionable technical key points in references [1][2], and to provide some reference information. This includes:

[0140] 1. In reference [1], is there any energy exchange between the Earth's rotation and its surroundings?

[0141] 2. In reference [2], how to determine the dimension of a high-dimensional system by combining multiple low-dimensional systems into a high-dimensional system.

[0142] The details are as follows.

[0143] 1. Does energy exchange occur between the Earth's rotation and its surroundings?

[0144] The gravitational electromagnetic model can also be analyzed from an energy perspective, focusing on the coupling energy between magnetic fields and the magnetization energy between magnets. Intuitively, magnetization occurs when two magnets approach each other, accompanied by energy transfer.

[0145] To analyze the energy relationship between the Earth's rotation and the Moon's revolution around the Earth, we assume that the Earth's rotation speed suddenly increases and analyze the energy exchange that will occur next and with the surrounding environment through gravitational magnetism.

[0146] (1) Coupling energy

[0147] When two magnets approach each other, they need to do work to overcome attraction or repulsion, and this energy is stored in the coupling field. In the scenario of electrons orbiting the nucleus, the coupling energy between the two magnetic fields generated by the electron spin and orbital motion is an important object of analysis.

[0148] The magnitude of the coupling energy is proportional to the product of the angular velocities of the two rotational motions. As calculated earlier, the gravitational magnetic force and gravity itself are opposite in direction and repulsive, therefore their energy is positive energy. Thus, as the Earth's rotation speeds up, the coupling energy between the Earth and the Moon's orbiting gravitational magnetic field will increase proportionally to the speed. In other words, a portion of the energy from the Earth's rotation will be transferred to the coupling field.

[0149] (2) Magnetization energy

[0150] When a magnetizable material (such as iron) is placed in a magnetic field, it will become magnetized. This magnetization process is an additional effect of two repulsive objects (of the same charge) moving in the same direction. The magnetization process releases energy.

[0151] Assume that gravitational magnetization also occurs in a gravitational magnetic field. This magnetization process is an additional effect of two objects attracting each other and moving in the same direction. Therefore, the gravitational magnetization process will absorb energy.

[0152] Therefore, if the Earth's rotation speed suddenly increases, its energy will be transferred to the surrounding environment through gravitational magnetic fields. This is somewhat similar to energy transfer in thermal equilibrium.

[0153] Assuming the Earth and Moon are ideal, rigid spheres, there would be no tidal forces, no drag from tidal phenomena, and no tidal locking. However, they would still reach a certain energy balance through their gravitational magnetic fields, making their orbital periods theoretically predictable. Although the quantitative relationship of the energy balance of the gravitational magnetic fields and the time required to reach equilibrium are not derived above, this can still be considered a qualitative explanation of the energy-frequency relationship mentioned in the references.

[0154] It is important to note that, similar to the scenario in Specific Implementation Example 1, the energy exchange between the Earth's rotation and the surrounding environment analyzed here occurs during the transition from a non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state. This is a one-time process that accumulates over time and stops once equilibrium is reached. It is not a periodic process like the main term.

[0155] Furthermore, the balancing effect in this scenario differs significantly from that in Specific Implementation 1, as explained below:

[0156] (1) The balancing effect in Specific Embodiment 1 is the gravitational magnetic torque, which corresponds to the effect in a compass or electric motor. Its characteristic is that the two magnetic fields or current planes are perpendicular to each other at the beginning and parallel to each other when in equilibrium.

[0157] (2) The balancing effect in this scenario is gravitational magnetization or gravitational electromagnetic induction, corresponding to the effect in a transformer. Its characteristic is that there are two coils or current planes that are always parallel; when the energy or current in one coil changes, the energy or current in the other coil will change accordingly. In subtle ways, this scenario differs from magnetization or electromagnetic induction. For example, magnetization is a state of equilibrium and does not require consideration of acceleration or periodic motion; while electromagnetic induction generally requires alternating current or acceleration, etc. This will not be elaborated upon here.

[0158] Here's an interesting question. It was previously thought that gravitational electromagnetic phenomena, such as gravitational electromagnetic waves (i.e., gravitational waves), could only be observed in extreme celestial environments. However, the discussion above shows that even in Earth's weak-field environment, clear gravitational electromagnetic phenomena can still be observed. For example, the Earth's rotation direction corresponds to magnetic torque (as in compasses and electric motors), and the Earth's rotation period corresponds to magnetization or electromagnetic induction (as in electromagnetic induction transformers). This seems to suggest that developing corresponding gravitational magnetic devices based on existing electromagnetic devices is possible. Since gravitational magnetic force is proportional to v1v2 (the product of the velocities of two objects), the key is to obtain sufficiently high speeds or rotational speeds, or to accumulate a sufficiently long time, to observe the effects of gravitational magnetic force.

[0159] 2. How to determine the dimension of a high-dimensional system by combining multiple low-dimensional systems into a high-dimensional system.

[0160] References [1] and [2] both derived the daily cycle from the monthly and annual cycles based on the energy-frequency relationship. However, reference [2] introduced a new constant 2 in the calculation process, which was explained as being due to the need to decompose the elliptical orbit into two circles. A related question is when the orbit can be approximated as a circle, and when it needs to be treated as an ellipse and decomposed into two circles.

[0161] The method in reference [2], which projects from a high dimension to a low dimension, requires assuming the dimension of the high-dimensional system from the beginning, which is not easy to explain clearly. However, if we start with a low-dimensional object and combine multiple low-dimensional systems into a high-dimensional system, it is easy to see the dimension of the high-dimensional system, and thus it is easy to determine whether the orbit needs to be decomposed. Among them, the force-based model is low-dimensional; the energy-based model is high-dimensional. As shown in the appendix Figure 8 As shown. Specific details are as follows.

[0162] The systems analyzed in references [1][2] are all systems composed of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

[0163] There are two main gravitational forces between them:

[0164] (1) The gravitational pull between the Sun and the Earth causes the Earth to revolve around the Sun, which is the first uniform circular motion;

[0165] (2) The Earth-Moon gravitational pull causes the Moon to revolve around the Earth, which is the second uniform circular motion.

[0166] Both subsystems are linear, containing only first-order terms and no second-order terms. The first-order terms refer to uniform linear motion or uniform circular motion terms, while the second-order terms refer to other acceleration terms.

[0167] Next, we combine the two subsystems into a complete system. The moon's velocity changes at perihelion and aphelion, so a new acceleration, i.e., a new second-order term, appears during the combination process. Due to the symmetry of forces, this second-order term does not appear out of thin air, but rather appears alongside a dual motion, which we assume to be the Earth's rotation.

[0168] As can be seen, this method models the Sun, Earth, and Moon into a three-dimensional system, requiring three uniform circular motions (Earth's revolution, Moon's revolution, and Earth's rotation) for description. First, two of these uniform circular motions (Earth's revolution and Moon's revolution) are analyzed, and then the third uniform circular motion (Earth's rotation) is analyzed when they are combined.

[0169] The method used in reference [2] first treats the Earth-Moon system as a whole, so that there are only two objects in the system: the Sun and the Earth-Moon system. There is also only one periodic motion in the system, namely the Earth-Moon system revolving around the Sun. In order to apply the above method, the trajectory of the Earth-Moon system needs to be treated as an ellipse and decomposed into two circles. In this way, there are three uniform circular motions in the system (decomposed circle 1, decomposed circle 2 and the rotation of the Earth-Moon system).

[0170] Therefore, the important thing about the two methods above is to first determine that the system dimension is 3-dimensional, that is, three uniform circular motions. When the model is missing a dimension, such as when the Earth-Moon system only has one dimension of revolution in the beginning (reference [2]), it needs to be decomposed to make up three uniform circular motions. Attached Figure Description

[0171] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0172] Figure 1 This is a flowchart from an embodiment of the present invention;

[0173] Figure 2 The diagram shows the action being evenly distributed at non-limit points and limit points. The equilibrium condition at non-limit point (a) is that the slopes are the same, and the equilibrium condition at limit point (b) is that the average values ​​are the same.

[0174] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the transformation from a mass-gravity model to an electric charge-gravity model. If the two models before and after the transformation have the same state of motion, then their additional effects of motion should also be the same.

[0175] Figure 4 Force analysis of the additional effects (gravitational and magnetic effects) produced by the Earth and Moon's revolution around the Sun (the values ​​in the figure are retained to only one significant figure, the same below).

[0176] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic torque or gravitational magnetic torque effect (compass effect). The magnetic fields generated by the two ring currents interact with each other, eventually making the two current planes parallel to each other. This is also the reason why the rotational motion of various celestial bodies in the same galaxy is in the same direction.

[0177] Figure 6 Under the combined constraints of gravity and magnetic torque, the rotational motions of celestial bodies within the same galaxy are coplanar;

[0178] Figure 7 To explain the error in deriving the daily cycle from the monthly cycle using the Earth's rotation tilt (reference [1]);

[0179] Figure 8 To analyze, from the perspective of combining multiple low-dimensional systems into a high-dimensional system, under what circumstances should the orbital path be regarded as an ellipse, and then to decompose the sub-circle and obtain the interference term (reference [2]).

Claims

1. A device for determining the equilibrium state of an object's motion based on gravitational and magnetic forces, characterized in that, include: (1) Quality object to power object conversion module. Transform each object in the system that contains a certain mass into an object that contains a certain amount of electricity, such that the gravitational force between the objects before the transformation is equal to the electrostatic force after the transformation. (2) Gravitational electromagnetic calculation module. For each electrical object obtained after the transformation, the electromagnetic field generated by the electrical quantity, velocity, and acceleration of each electrical object is calculated based on Maxwell's equations or other electromagnetic laws. (3) Analysis module of additional effects of motion. For each electrical object obtained after the transformation, the force result of each electrical object is calculated based on the electromagnetic field, especially the force corresponding to the additional effects caused by velocity and acceleration. (4) Gravitational-Magnetic Equilibrium Condition Analysis Module. For each electrical object obtained after the transformation, analyze its equilibrium state determined by one of the following effects: magnetic torque effect, electromagnetic induction effect, magnetization effect, etc. This equilibrium state is also the equilibrium state of the original mass object in the system.

2. A direction indicating device based on gravitational magnetic force, characterized in that, include: (1) Mass rotor. The rotor has a certain mass and a very high rotational speed (the first type of rotation), and may have a very high speed, causing it to generate a gravitational magnetic field 1 around it. In addition to the first type of rotation mentioned above, the rotor can also freely generate a second type of rotation under the action of external forces. (2) The mass rotor is placed in the galaxy. The gravitational magnetic field 1 is driven by the gravitational magnetic field of the galaxy, generating the second type of rotation. When the second type of rotation stops due to equilibrium, the first type of rotation is in the same direction and coplanar with the rotation of the galaxy itself. This indicates the direction.

3. A drive or energy conversion device based on gravitational magnetic force, characterized in that, include: (1) Mass rotor. The mass rotor has a certain mass and a very high speed or rotational speed, which generates an attractive magnetic field around it. (2) Controlled high-speed microparticle stream. The particles in the microparticle stream have a certain mass and a very high velocity or rotational speed, which generates a gravitational magnetic field around them. (3) The drive controller can be one of the following three devices: a. Gravitational magnetic torque drive controller 1. Initially, the gravitational magnetic field 1 and gravitational magnetic field 2 are controlled to be perpendicular to each other, or their perpendicular components are not zero, driving the mass rotor to rotate under the influence of gravitational magnetic torque, until the two gravitational magnetic fields become parallel or the angle between them decreases. Then, the phase angle of the high-speed particle stream is controlled to deflect, causing the gravitational magnetic fields 1 and 2 to become perpendicular again, or their perpendicular components are not zero, thus driving the mass rotor to rotate again. This process is repeated continuously to drive the mass rotor to rotate continuously. b. Gravitational magnetic torque drive controller 2. The mass rotor is driven to rotate continuously by external force, thereby causing the angle between the gravitational magnetic field 1 and the gravitational magnetic field 2 to change periodically from perpendicular to parallel. By utilizing gravitational electromagnetic induction, the particle stream can achieve a higher velocity, so that the energy input by external force can be output by the particle stream. c. Gravitational electromagnetic induction drive controller. The gravitational magnetic field 1 and gravitational magnetic field 2 are always kept parallel or otherwise strongly coupled. The flow rate, velocity, or acceleration of the high-speed particle stream is controlled to change the gravitational magnetic field 2. Gravitational electromagnetic induction is used to change the rotational speed of gravitational magnetic field 1, i.e., the mass rotor.

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