Frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutritional repairing fertilizer for plants as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutritional repairing fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, and the raw materials for preparing the plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutritional repairing fertilizer comprise, by weight, 35-50 parts of inorganic salt, 5-10 parts of amino acid, 10-20 parts of an active anti-freezing component, 5-15 parts of a plant extract and 10-20 parts of an auxiliary material. The plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutritional repairing fertilizer can promote flower primordium splitting, improve the pollen germination rate, reduce flower and fruit falling, lower the freezing point of plant juice, relieve freezing injury and improve the self-recovery capacity of plants after freezing, is suitable for fruit trees, tomatoes and other commercial crops, and can remarkably improve the stress resistance and yield of the plants.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant fertilizer, in particular to a plant frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of global climate change, low temperature frost damage (such as late frost, cold wave, and early spring cold) has become a core abiotic stress factor restricting the stable development of agricultural production, especially for crops with reproductive growth requirements such as fruit trees, vegetables, and economic crops. In extreme low temperature years, some high-value economic crops (such as apples, citrus, and rapeseed) have reduced yield or even failed, resulting in significant economic losses. The damage mechanism of low temperature stress on crops presents multidimensional characteristics: first, low temperature can damage the fluidity and integrity of the cell membrane of crops, significantly increase the permeability of the cell membrane, cause the exosmosis of intracellular juice (containing a large amount of electrolytes and nutrients), and trigger cell dehydration and metabolic disorder, which is the core reason for the wilting and leaf scorching of crops after being frozen; second, low temperature can inhibit the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes and reduce photosynthetic efficiency, while accelerating the accumulation of active oxygen free radicals (such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide), which can further oxidize and damage biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, leading to cell dysfunction; in addition, for crops in the flower bud differentiation stage and flowering stage, low temperature can directly inhibit flower primordium division, pollen germination, and pollen tube elongation, resulting in flowers but no fruit, and even if the environmental temperature rises, the crops are difficult to make up for the loss of reproductive growth through self-regulation.

[0003] To address the problem of low temperature frost damage, various plant frost-resistant products have been developed in the prior art, but they generally have the defects of single function, poor synergy, and insufficient adaptability, which are difficult to meet the whole-cycle needs of crops for "frost prevention and frost resistance-nutrient supplementation-frost recovery".

[0004] Therefore, it is a key technical direction to develop a plant frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer with frost prevention and resistance, nutrient supplementation, and post-frost recovery functions, good ingredient synergy, stable dosage form, and adaptability to the whole growth period of crops, to solve the current problem of low temperature frost damage and ensure stable agricultural production. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a plant frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer that can promote flower primordium division, increase pollen germination rate, reduce flower and fruit drop, lower the freezing point of plant juice, reduce frost damage, and improve the self-recovery ability of plants after freezing, which is suitable for economic crops such as fruit trees and tomatoes, and can significantly improve the stress resistance and yield of plants.

[0006] In order to realize the above technical purpose, the present application provides a plant frost-proof and anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer, raw materials for preparing the plant frost-proof and anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer include, by weight fraction, 35-50 parts of inorganic salt, 5-10 parts of amino acid, 10-20 parts of active anti-freezing component, 5-15 parts of plant extract, and 10-20 parts of auxiliary material.

[0007] Further, the inorganic salt is a mixture of macroelement inorganic salt and trace element inorganic salt.

[0008] Further, the macroelement inorganic salt includes one or more of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium chloride; and the trace element inorganic salt includes one or more of magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and copper sulfate.

[0009] Further, the mass ratio of the macroelement inorganic salt and the trace element inorganic salt is 10-32:1.

[0010] Further, the plant extract is one or more of pine needle extract and sea buckthorn extract.

[0011] Further, the amino acid is one or more of proline, glycine, and glutamic acid.

[0012] Further, the auxiliary material includes a surfactant and a stabilizer; the surfactant is Tween-80; and the stabilizer is xanthan gum.

[0013] Further, the active anti-freezing component is prepared from a composite enzyme, salicylic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid, sorbitol, betaine, and nano-zinc oxide.

[0014] Further, the preparation method of the active anti-freezing component includes the following steps: S1: stirring and dissolving the composite enzyme in warm water for standby; adding salicylic acid into a small amount of ethanol, stirring until completely dissolved, then slowly pouring into warm water, stirring uniformly to obtain a salicylic acid solution for standby; stirring and dissolving gamma-aminobutyric acid in warm water to obtain a gamma-aminobutyric acid solution; adding nano-zinc oxide into deionized water containing Tween-80, high-speed shearing emulsification to prepare a nano-zinc oxide dispersion for standby; S2: adding warm water into a reaction kettle, starting magnetic stirring, slowly adding sorbitol and betaine in sequence, stirring until completely dissolved, then adding the salicylic acid solution dissolved in S1, adjusting pH to 5.5-6.5, then adding the gamma-aminobutyric acid solution dissolved in S1, continuing stirring for 15-20 minutes to prepare a basic protection solution; S3: slowly add the nano-zinc oxide dispersion prepared in S1 into the base protective solution, stir for 20-30 minutes, then control the temperature of the reaction kettle at 25-28℃, slowly add the complex enzyme dissolved in S1, continue to stir for 10-15 minutes, then carry out defoaming, filtration, and then low-temperature vacuum drying to obtain the powder active anti-freezing component.

[0015] Further, the complex enzyme is a mixture of cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase; the complex enzyme accounts for 10-20% of the total mass of the active anti-freezing component.

[0016] Further, the mass ratio of salicylic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid is 1:1-3.

[0017] The application also discloses a preparation method of the plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer. (1) first add inorganic salt into a double-helix mixer, start the mixer, slowly add amino acid, mix for 15-20 minutes, then add plant extract, and continue to mix for 20-25 minutes; (2) keep the rotating speed of the double-helix mixer unchanged, slowly add the active anti-freezing component into the mixing system in step (1) in 3-5 times, mix for 5-8 minutes after each time, finally add auxiliary materials, increase the rotating speed of the mixer, mix for 30-40 minutes, and ensure that all raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed to form a uniform powder mixture; (3) put the powder mixture prepared in step (2) into an extruder, and extrude and granulate to obtain the plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer.

[0018] Further, the rotating speed of the mixer in step (1) is 150-200 r / min, and the rotating speed of the mixer in step (2) is 200-250 r / min.

[0019] The application provides an application of the plant frost-preventing and anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer, which is sprayed in a foliar spraying mode, diluted 500-800 times in a flower bud differentiation period and a low-temperature vernalization period, diluted 800-1000 times in a flower bud period and a full-bloom period, diluted 400-600 times 7-10 days before freezing, and diluted 300-500 times within 3 days after freezing.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The superoxide dismutase and catalase in the active anti-freezing component of the plant frost-proof anti-freezing nutrient repair fertilizer of the present application eliminate active oxygen free radicals generated at low temperature, sorbitol and betaine reduce the freezing point of cell sap, nano zinc oxide enhances the stability of cell membrane, and synergistically reduces cell rupture and sap exosmosis caused by freeze damage; inorganic salts provide macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, and micronutrients such as boron, zinc and copper, amino acids provide small molecule nitrogen sources, meet the nutritional requirements of crop flower bud differentiation and flowering period, and avoid the imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth; proline and glutamic acid promote the synthesis of damaged cell proteins, cellulase in the compound enzyme repairs the cell wall structure, and the active ingredients in the plant extract activate the self-repair genes of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following examples are examples of the present application and are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the present application. Other combinations and various modifications within the concept of the present application can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application.

[0022] The chemical reagents used in the present application are commercially available and are of analytical purity unless otherwise specified.

[0023] The pine needle extract is purchased from Shaanxi Qingmiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with the product number SZTQW01; the sea buckthorn extract is purchased from Shaanxi Xinyanghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with the product number XYH-SJ; the nano zinc oxide is purchased from Daxin Concentration Nanotechnology (Changzhou) Co., Ltd., with the product number DXN-ZY06; and the Tween-80 is purchased from Shanghai Huijun Chemical Co., Ltd., with the product number T-80.

[0024] Example 1 Preparation of raw materials (1 part by weight is 100 g): Inorganic salt 35 parts (potassium nitrate 12 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10 parts, calcium chloride 10 parts, zinc sulfate 1 part, copper sulfate 2 parts); Amino acid 5 parts (proline 2 parts, glycine 2 parts, glutamic acid 1 part); Active anti-freezing component 10 parts (compound enzyme 1.5 parts, salicylic acid 1.5 parts, gamma-aminobutyric acid 1.5 parts, sorbitol 3 parts, betaine 1.5 parts, nano zinc oxide 1 part); Plant extract 8 parts (pine needle extract 4 parts, sea buckthorn extract 4 parts); Auxiliary material 12 parts (Tween-80 3 parts, xanthan gum 2 parts, water 7 parts); Preparation of the active anti-freezing component: S1: Dissolve 150g of a complex enzyme (cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:4) in 200mL of warm water (28℃) and set aside; add 150g of salicylic acid to 20mL of ethanol and stir until completely dissolved, then slowly pour in 180mL of warm water and stir until homogeneous to obtain a salicylic acid solution and set aside; dissolve 150g of γ-aminobutyric acid in 200mL of warm water (28℃) and stir to obtain a γ-aminobutyric acid solution; add 100g of nano zinc oxide to a mixed solution containing 5g of Tween-80 and 200mL of deionized water, and emulsify by high-speed shearing to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion and set aside; S2: Add 500mL of warm water (28℃) to the reactor, turn on the magnetic stirrer, slowly add 300g of sorbitol and 150g of betaine in sequence, stir until completely dissolved, then add the salicylic acid solution dissolved in S1, adjust the pH to 6, then add the γ-aminobutyric acid solution dissolved in S1, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the basic protective solution. S3: Slowly add the nano zinc oxide dispersion prepared in S1 to the basic protective solution and stir for 20 minutes. Then, control the temperature of the reactor at 25°C, slowly add the composite enzyme dissolved in S1, continue stirring for 15 minutes, then degas and filter, and then dry at low temperature under vacuum to obtain the powdered active antifreeze component. Preparation of plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer: (1) First add inorganic salts to the double helix mixer, turn on the mixer, and set the speed to 150 r / min. Then slowly add amino acids and mix for 15 minutes. Then add plant extracts and continue mixing for 20 minutes. (2) Keep the speed of the double helix mixer constant, add the active antifreeze ingredients slowly in three batches to the mixing system of step (1), mix for 6 minutes after each addition, add the auxiliary materials, increase the speed of the mixer to 200 r / min, mix for 30 minutes, and ensure that all raw materials are fully and evenly mixed to form a uniform powder mixture. (3) The powder mixture prepared in step (2) is placed in an extruder and extruded to granulate to obtain the plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer.

[0025] Example 2 Prepare the ingredients (1 serving is 100 grams): 35 parts of inorganic salts (12 parts potassium nitrate, 10 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts calcium chloride, 1 part zinc sulfate, 2 parts copper sulfate); Five parts of amino acids (two parts proline, two parts glycine, and one part glutamic acid). 10 parts of active antifreeze ingredients (1.5 parts of compound enzyme, 0.5 parts of salicylic acid, 1.5 parts of γ-aminobutyric acid, 2.5 parts of sorbitol, 3 parts of betaine, and 1 part of nano zinc oxide). 8 portions of plant extracts (4 portions of pine needle extract and 4 portions of sea buckthorn extract); 12 parts of excipients (3 parts Tween-80, 2 parts xanthan gum, 7 parts water).

[0026] The preparation steps of the active antifreeze ingredients are the same as those of the preparation method of the plant antifrost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer in Example 1.

[0027] Example 3 Prepare the ingredients (1 serving is 100 grams): 50 parts of inorganic salts (20 parts potassium nitrate, 15.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts calcium chloride, 1.5 parts zinc sulfate, and 3 parts copper sulfate); 10 parts amino acids (5 parts proline, 3 parts glycine, 2 parts glutamic acid); 20 parts of active antifreeze ingredients (4 parts of compound enzyme, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 4 parts of γ-aminobutyric acid, 5 parts of sorbitol, 3 parts of betaine, and 2 parts of nano zinc oxide). Five parts of plant extracts (three parts of pine needle extract and two parts of sea buckthorn extract); 10 parts of excipients (3 parts Tween-80, 2 parts xanthan gum, 7 parts water); The preparation steps of the active antifreeze ingredients are the same as those of the preparation method of the plant antifrost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer in Example 1.

[0028] Example 4 The difference between this preparation example and the preparation of the plant antifrost and frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer in Example 1 is that the preparation of the active antifreeze component, "S1: Dissolve 150g of compound enzyme (cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:4) in 200mL of warm water (28℃) and set aside" is replaced with "S1: Dissolve 45g of compound enzyme (cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:4) in 200mL of warm water (28℃) and set aside".

[0029] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this preparation example and the preparation of the plant antifrost and frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer in Example 1 is that: no nano zinc oxide is added to the active antifreeze component; in the preparation of the active antifreeze component, step S1 does not contain "adding 100g of nano zinc oxide to a mixed solution containing 5g of Tween-80 and 200mL of deionized water, and emulsifying it at high speed to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion for later use"; and step S3 does not contain "slowly adding the nano zinc oxide dispersion prepared in S1 to the basic protective solution and stirring for 20 minutes".

[0030] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this preparation example and the preparation of the plant antifrost and frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer in Example 1 is that: 35 parts of inorganic salt (10 parts of potassium nitrate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, and 2 parts of copper sulfate).

[0031] To verify the effectiveness of the plant antifrost and frost-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer of the present invention in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 in lowering the freezing point of plant sap, improving frost resistance, promoting reproductive growth, and enhancing post-freezing recovery ability, the following tests were conducted.

[0032] The test crops were 2-year-old potted apple seedlings (variety: Red Fuji, plant height 65cm, uniform growth) and 5-leaf potted tomato seedlings (variety: cherry tomato, plant height 25cm, free from diseases and pests). Each crop was divided into 7 treatment groups (Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-2, and Blank Control Group), with 30 plants replicated in each group, for a total of 420 plants.

[0033] The test environment was a low-temperature stress environment: an artificial climate chamber (temperature controllable range -5℃±5℃, humidity 60%±5%, light intensity 300μmol). m -2 s -1 Light cycle 12h / day); Natural growth environment: Greenhouse (temperature 25℃±5℃, humidity 60%±5%, natural light), used for post-freezing recovery culture.

[0034] 1. Determination of the freezing point of plant sap: Spraying treatment: When crops enter the low-temperature vernalization period (apple seedlings in mid-March and tomato seedlings in mid-February), the plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted 500 times and sprayed on the leaves. The blank control group is sprayed with an equal amount of water. Spray once every 7 days for a total of 2 times. Juice extraction: 10 days after spraying, take the middle leaves of the new shoots of each group of crops (apple seedlings) and the third functional leaf (tomato seedlings), take 3g of leaves from each plant, add liquid nitrogen and grind into a homogenate, centrifuge at 4℃ and 8000rpm for 15min, and take the supernatant (i.e. plant juice). Freezing point determination: A low-temperature differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-60, Shimadzu) was used. 10 μL of juice was placed in an aluminum sample dish and cooled from 25°C to -15°C at a rate of 5°C / min. The temperature at which the juice froze (freezing point) was recorded. Each group was measured 5 times and the average value was taken.

[0035] The test data results are shown in Table 1: Test data results table 1 (unit: ℃)

[0036] 2. Determination of Low-Temperature Freezing Damage Rate Low temperature stress treatment: During the bud stage of crops (apple seedlings in mid-April and tomato seedlings in mid-March), the plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was diluted 400 times and sprayed on the leaves. The blank control group was sprayed with water. Seven days after spraying, all crops were moved into an artificial climate chamber and a low temperature stress program was set: 2℃→0℃ (maintained for 2h)→-2℃ (maintained for 4h, simulating frost)→0℃ (maintained for 2h)→2℃ (recovery for 2h). Frost damage grading standards: Referring to the "Grading Standards for Plant Low Temperature Stress Injury", the degree of frost damage is divided into 5 levels: Level 0: No frost damage (no abnormalities in leaves or flower buds); Level 1: Slight frost damage (≤10% of leaf edges are yellowed, but flower buds have not fallen off). Level 2: Moderate frost damage (10%-30% of leaves wilting / yellowing, 10%-20% of flower buds falling off); Level 3: Severe frost damage (30%-50% of leaves wither, 20%-50% of flower buds fall off); Level 4: Extremely severe frost damage (>50% of leaves withered, >50% of flower buds dropped). Frost damage rate calculation: Frost damage rate (%) = (Number of plants at level 1 + level 2 + level 3 + level 4) / Total number of plants × 100%. Count 30 plants in each group and take the average value.

[0037] The test data results are shown in Table 2: Test data results table 2 (unit: %)

[0038] 3. Pollen germination rate and fruit set rate determination Spraying treatment: During the peak flowering period of crops (apple seedlings in mid-May and tomato seedlings in mid-April), the plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was diluted 800 times and sprayed on the leaves. The blank control group was sprayed with water. The treatment was carried out once. Pollen germination rate determination: Two days after spraying, fresh flower buds of each group of crops were collected (central flowers of apple seedlings and second spikes of flowers of tomato seedlings), and pollen was collected and placed on a culture medium containing 10wt% sucrose and 0.01wt% zinc sulfate. The mixture was cultured at 25℃ for 4 hours and observed under a microscope (400×). The proportion of germinating pollen (pollen tube length > pollen diameter) to the total number of pollen was counted. Five fields of view were observed in each group, and the results were repeated three times. Fruit set rate determination: 20 days (apple seedlings) and 15 days (tomato seedlings) after the peak flowering period, the proportion of fruit set in each group to the total number of flowers was counted, and the average value was taken.

[0039] The test data results are shown in Table 3: Test data results table 3 (unit: %)

[0040] 4. Determination of post-freezing recovery capacity Post-freezing treatment: After low temperature stress (-2℃, 4h), all crops were moved into the greenhouse to resume growth. The plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was diluted 300 times and sprayed on the leaves. The blank control group was sprayed with water. The treatment was carried out once. Recovery indicator measurement: Seven days after recovery, two sets of key indicators were measured: ①Chlorophyll content: The SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter was used to measure the SPAD value of the leaves (reflecting the recovery of photosynthetic capacity). Three leaves were measured for each plant, and the average value was taken. ② New shoot growth: Measure the increase in new shoot length during the recovery period (reflecting the growth recovery status) and take the average value.

[0041] The test data results are shown in Table 4: Table 4 shows the test data results (chlorophyll SPAD value / new shoot growth in mm).

[0042] As shown in Tables 1-4, the plant frost-resistant and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer of the present invention exhibits excellent performance in lowering the freezing point of sap, mitigating frost damage, promoting reproductive growth, and enhancing post-freeze recovery. Specifically, compared with Example 1, Example 4 shows that the compound enzyme content of the prepared plant frost-resistant and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer is too low, resulting in a decrease in the effectiveness of the active ingredients in lowering the freezing point of sap, mitigating frost damage, promoting reproductive growth, and enhancing post-freeze recovery, thus failing to achieve the expected results. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 shows that the prepared plant frost-resistant and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer does not contain nano-zinc oxide, resulting in a decrease in the effectiveness of the active ingredients in lowering the freezing point of sap, mitigating frost damage, promoting reproductive growth, and enhancing post-freeze recovery, thus failing to achieve the expected results. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 shows that the mass ratio of macro-element inorganic salts and micro-element inorganic salts in the prepared plant frost-resistant and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer is unreasonable, resulting in a decrease in the effectiveness of the active ingredients in lowering the freezing point of sap, mitigating frost damage, promoting reproductive growth, and enhancing post-freeze recovery, thus failing to achieve the expected results.

[0043] This invention can also be implemented in various other ways. Without departing from the spirit and essence of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to this invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A plant-based frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the plant antifrost-resistant and nutrient repair fertilizer, by weight, include: 35-50 parts inorganic salts, 5-10 parts amino acids, 10-20 parts active antifreeze ingredients, 5-15 parts plant extracts, and 10-20 parts excipients.

2. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic salt is a mixture of macro-element inorganic salts and micro-element inorganic salts; the macro-element inorganic salts include one or more of potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium chloride; the micro-element inorganic salts include one or more of magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and copper sulfate; the mass ratio of the macro-element inorganic salts to the micro-element inorganic salts is 10-32:

1.

3. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant extract is one or more of pine needle extract and sea buckthorn extract.

4. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amino acid is one or a mixture of proline, glycine, and glutamic acid; the excipients include surfactants and stabilizers; the surfactant is Tween-80; and the stabilizer is xanthan gum.

5. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active antifreeze component is prepared from a complex enzyme, salicylic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, sorbitol, betaine, and nano zinc oxide.

6. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preparation method of the active antifreeze component includes the following steps: S1: Dissolve the complex enzyme in warm water and set aside; add a small amount of ethanol to salicylic acid, stir until completely dissolved, then slowly pour into warm water and stir until homogeneous to obtain a salicylic acid solution and set aside; dissolve γ-aminobutyric acid in warm water to obtain a γ-aminobutyric acid solution; add nano zinc oxide to deionized water containing Tween-80 and emulsify by high-speed shearing to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion and set aside. S2: Add warm water to the reactor, turn on the magnetic stirrer, slowly add sorbitol and betaine in sequence, stir until completely dissolved, then add the salicylic acid solution dissolved in S1, adjust the pH to 5.5-6.5, then add the γ-aminobutyric acid solution dissolved in S1, and continue stirring for 15-20 minutes to obtain the basic protective solution. S3: Slowly add the nano zinc oxide dispersion prepared in S1 to the basic protective solution and stir for 20-30 minutes. Then, control the temperature of the reactor at 25-28℃, slowly add the compound enzyme dissolved in S1, and continue stirring for 10-15 minutes. After degassing and filtration, the powdered active antifreeze component is obtained by low-temperature vacuum drying.

7. The plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The complex enzyme is a mixture of cellulase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase; the complex enzyme accounts for 10-20% of the total mass of the active antifreeze components; the mass ratio of salicylic acid to γ-aminobutyric acid is 1:1-3.

8. The method for preparing the plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Add inorganic salt to the double helix mixer first, turn on the mixer, slowly add amino acids, mix for 15-20 minutes, then add plant extracts and continue mixing for 20-25 minutes; (2) Keep the speed of the double helix mixer constant, slowly add the active antifreeze ingredient into the mixing system of step (1) in 3-5 portions, mix for 5-8 minutes after each addition, add the auxiliary material, increase the speed of the mixer, mix for 30-40 minutes, and ensure that all raw materials are fully and evenly mixed to form a uniform powder mixture. (3) The powder mixture prepared in step (2) is placed in an extruder and extruded to granulate to obtain the plant anti-frost and antifreeze nutrient repair fertilizer.

9. The preparation method of the plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The speed of the mixer in step (1) is 150-200 r / min, and the speed of the mixer in step (2) is 200-250 r / min.

10. The application of the plant frost-resistant and freeze-resistant nutrient repair fertilizer according to claims 1-7, characterized in that, Apply by foliar spraying. During the flower bud differentiation period and the low-temperature vernalization period, dilute 500-800 times and spray. During the bud stage and the full bloom stage, dilute 800-1000 times and spray. 7-10 days before freezing, dilute 400-600 times and spray. Within 3 days after freezing, dilute 300-500 times and spray.

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