Vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of electrical engineering, and the method comprises the steps: firstly obtaining the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate and temperature gradient of a closing coil, and enabling the compensation resistance to be obtained through the calculation of the voltage, current and temperature of the coil; respectively obtaining a resistance fault confidence coefficient, a frequency spectrum fault confidence coefficient and a temperature fault confidence coefficient according to the parameters; then obtaining weights corresponding to three types of fault confidence coefficients, and combining the weights to calculate a total fault confidence coefficient; finally, the fault type is judged according to the interval where the total fault confidence is located, the first interval is turn-to-turn fault initial early warning, the second interval is turn-to-turn fault confirmation or resistance abnormity early warning, and the third interval is open circuit or short circuit fault. And if the total fault confidence is in a third interval, the blocking relay is controlled to cut off the closing loop within the preset t moment, and the method can effectively diagnose the fault.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical engineering technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum circuit breakers are critical control and protection devices in power distribution systems, and their reliable operation is crucial for maintaining stable grid operation. The closing coil, as the core driving element of the vacuum circuit breaker's operating mechanism, directly affects the circuit breaker's closing success rate. In actual substation operation, the closing coil is prone to open circuits, short circuits, and inter-turn insulation degradation due to prolonged exposure to high current and high electromagnetic stress. Failure to promptly and accurately identify and address these faults can lead to circuit breaker failure, coil burnout, or even mechanical failure, severely impacting power supply reliability.

[0003] Currently, monitoring the status of the closing coil mainly relies on traditional electrical circuit monitoring schemes. Typical practices include installing a disconnection monitoring relay in the control circuit, which reports a general disconnection signal when the circuit current is abnormal. Some improved schemes also use simple threshold judgments by collecting the voltage across the coil and the circuit current and calculating its resistance value. However, existing technologies struggle to accurately distinguish fault types. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, which can accurately distinguish the fault type.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, including: Obtain the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker; Based on the compensation resistor, the confidence level for resistance faults is obtained; based on the impedance spectrum characteristics, the confidence level for spectral faults is obtained; based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient, the confidence level for temperature faults is obtained. The total fault confidence is obtained based on the confidence levels of resistance faults, spectrum faults, and temperature faults. The fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil is determined based on the total fault confidence level.

[0006] Optionally, obtaining the compensation resistance of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil includes: Obtain the voltage, current, and temperature of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker; The compensation resistor is obtained based on the voltage, current, and temperature.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining the compensation resistor based on the voltage, current, and temperature includes:

[0008] in, Indicates the compensation resistor. Indicates voltage. Represents current. Indicates the temperature coefficient of copper wire. Indicates temperature.

[0009] Optionally, the step of obtaining the total fault confidence based on the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, and the temperature fault confidence includes: Obtain the first weight corresponding to the confidence level of resistance fault, the second weight corresponding to the confidence level of spectrum fault, and the third weight corresponding to the confidence level of temperature fault; The total fault confidence is obtained based on the resistance fault confidence, the first weight corresponding to the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, the second weight corresponding to the spectrum fault confidence, the temperature fault confidence, and the third weight corresponding to the temperature fault confidence.

[0010] Optionally, determining the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence includes: When the total fault confidence level is in the first interval, it is determined to be an early warning of inter-turn fault; When the total fault confidence level is in the second interval, it is determined as an inter-turn fault confirmation or an abnormal resistance warning. When the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, it is determined to be an open circuit fault or a short circuit fault.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: When the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, the control interlocking relay will cut off the closing circuit at time t.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining the resistance fault confidence level based on the compensation resistor includes: When the compensation resistor is greater than the open circuit threshold, or the compensation resistor is less than the short circuit threshold, the confidence level of the resistor fault is determined to be the first value.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a fault diagnosis device for the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker. The data processing module is used to obtain the resistance fault confidence level based on the compensation resistor; obtain the spectrum fault confidence level based on the impedance spectrum characteristics; obtain the temperature fault confidence level based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient; and obtain the total fault confidence level based on the resistance fault confidence level, spectrum fault confidence level, and temperature fault confidence level. The determination module is used to determine the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence level.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a computing device, including a memory and a processor; The memory stores one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs including instructions; when the instructions are executed by the processor, the computing device performs the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for performing the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: In this application, by simultaneously acquiring four types of parameters—compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient—and combining them with multi-confidence fusion decision-making, it can not only accurately determine serious faults such as open circuits and short circuits (third interval of total fault confidence), but also capture weak impedance changes in the coil through impedance spectrum characteristics and identify local overheating based on temperature gradients, achieving early warning (first interval of total fault confidence) and confirmation (second interval of total fault confidence) of inter-turn faults. This design fills the gap in existing technology regarding the inability to detect early inter-turn faults, providing maintenance personnel with sufficient window of opportunity for fault handling, effectively preventing faults from developing from a weak state into coil burnout or mechanical failure, and significantly reducing the risk of equipment damage.

[0017] Secondly, by obtaining the compensation resistor through temperature compensation processing, the influence of temperature on resistance measurement is eliminated, ensuring that the electrical parameters can truly reflect the coil state. At the same time, by weighted fusion of the confidence levels of three types of faults—resistance, spectrum, and temperature—faults are judged comprehensively based on multi-dimensional features, reducing the influence of electromagnetic interference on single parameters, avoiding false alarms caused by traditional threshold judgments, making the diagnostic results more consistent with the actual working state of the closing coil, and improving the diagnostic reliability in complex field environments.

[0018] Finally, when the total fault confidence level is in the third interval (determined as an open circuit or short circuit fault), this method can control the interlocking relay to cut off the closing circuit within a set time, quickly terminating the current supply under fault conditions, upgrading from traditional passive alarm to active protection. This design effectively avoids coil burnout due to continuous overheating or mechanical failure caused by short circuit current, ensuring the equipment safety of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing power grid interruptions caused by circuit breaker failures, indirectly improving the power supply reliability of the distribution network, and solving the safety hazard of existing technologies that can only alarm but cannot quickly stop losses.

[0019] It should be understood that the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, beneficial effects, or similar language in this application do not imply that all features and advantages can be achieved in any single embodiment. Rather, it is understood that the description of a feature or beneficial effect means that a specific technical feature, technical solution, or beneficial effect is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and beneficial effects described in this embodiment can be combined in any suitable manner. Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects of a particular embodiment. In other embodiments, additional technical features and beneficial effects may be identified in specific embodiments that do not embody all embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a computing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., used in this application specification and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to limit a specific order.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0023] To ensure clarity and conciseness in the description of the following embodiments, a brief introduction to the related technologies is given first: Vacuum circuit breakers are core equipment used in power distribution networks to connect and disconnect circuits. They utilize vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers to achieve rapid interruption of high-voltage circuits, and are characterized by strong arc-extinguishing capability and long service life. They are widely used in power distribution systems with voltage levels of 10kV and above.

[0024] The closing coil is a key driving component of the operating mechanism of a vacuum circuit breaker. It generates electromagnetic force by applying direct current, which drives the moving contacts of the circuit breaker to close, completing the closing action. Its working state directly determines whether the circuit breaker can close reliably and is a core component that ensures the normal connection of the circuit.

[0025] During the operation of a vacuum circuit breaker, the closing coil, as the main driving element of the operating mechanism, is prone to open circuits, short circuits, and inter-turn insulation degradation due to long-term exposure to high current surges, strong electromagnetic stress, and changes in ambient temperature and humidity. If these faults are not identified and addressed promptly and accurately, they can lead to circuit breaker failure to operate, coil burnout, or even mechanism explosion, directly threatening the reliability of the power distribution network. However, existing monitoring solutions have significant technical shortcomings: they can only make a general judgment on circuit anomalies through a single resistance threshold or circuit current monitoring, and cannot distinguish between coil faults and non-coil faults such as auxiliary contact failures or loose wiring. Furthermore, they cannot detect the slight resistance changes within ±10% in the early stages of inter-turn faults, resulting in low fault location efficiency and prominent problems of missed early fault detection.

[0026] The shortcomings of the existing solution can be attributed to three points: First, the monitoring dimension is singular, relying solely on electrical parameters such as current, voltage, and resistance, without incorporating characteristic parameters that reflect early faults, such as impedance spectrum and temperature gradient, thus failing to capture subtle signals of insulation degradation. Second, environmental interference and parameter deviations are not eliminated; neither is compensation for the temperature sensitivity of copper wire resistance provided, nor is there a design to resist strong electromagnetic interference from substations, resulting in large resistance judgment errors and a high false alarm rate. Third, the protection mechanism is passive; for serious faults such as short circuits, the response time of the existing solution to disconnect the circuit far exceeds the safety threshold, failing to quickly terminate the fault state, easily leading to equipment damage risks, and failing to meet the needs of refined operation and maintenance and safe operation of the distribution network.

[0027] In view of this, this application provides a method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, which can be executed by a processing device. This processing device can be a terminal or a server. Terminals include, but are not limited to, smartphones, tablets, laptops, personal digital assistants, or smart wearable devices. The server can be a cloud server, such as a central server in a central cloud computing cluster or an edge server in an edge cloud computing cluster. Alternatively, the server can be a server in a local data center. A local data center refers to a data center directly controlled by the user.

[0028] To address the problems in existing fault diagnosis of vacuum circuit breaker closing coils, such as difficulty in distinguishing fault types, blind spots in detecting early weak faults, high false alarm rates due to environmental interference, and delayed protection response, this application proposes a comprehensive solution involving multi-dimensional parameter fusion, dynamic confidence level judgment, and graded protection. By simultaneously collecting multi-dimensional parameters reflecting coil electrical characteristics (compensation resistance), insulation status (impedance spectrum characteristics), and heating status (temperature change rate and gradient), these parameters are quantified into three types of fault confidence levels: resistance, spectrum, and temperature. Combined with dynamic weighting based on equipment operating conditions, a total fault confidence level is obtained through fusion, enabling refined judgment from normal to severe faults. Finally, based on the interval division of the total fault confidence level, corresponding early warning and protection measures are matched, ultimately achieving the goals of accurate fault identification, early warning, and rapid loss mitigation.

[0029] To make the technical solution of this application clearer and easier to understand, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, introduces a method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, this figure is a flowchart of a method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes: S201. The processing equipment obtains the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil.

[0030] The compensation resistor is the resistance value obtained after temperature correction of the closing coil resistance. Since the resistance of the coil material (usually copper wire) changes with temperature, temperature compensation can eliminate the interference of ambient temperature or operating heat on the resistance measurement, and more accurately reflect the electrical state of the coil.

[0031] Impedance spectrum characteristics are the impedance characteristic parameters of a coil under AC signal excitation at different frequencies. They mainly include resonant frequency offset and impedance amplitude attenuation rate, and can be used to identify early faults such as inter-turn insulation degradation.

[0032] The rate of temperature change is the amount of change in coil temperature per unit time, reflecting the heating trend of the coil. Rapid temperature rise usually indicates a risk of short circuit or overload.

[0033] Temperature gradient is the temperature difference between different locations of a coil (such as the end and the root). It can be used to identify local overheating caused by local short circuits and make up for the limitations of single-point temperature measurement.

[0034] The compensation resistor can be obtained in the following way: First, the processing equipment acquires the voltage, current, and temperature of the vacuum circuit breaker's closing coil.

[0035] The processing equipment synchronously acquires three types of raw operating data from the closing coil through a matching sensor module: A voltage sensor is connected in parallel across the closing coil to convert the high voltage signal across the coil into a low voltage signal that the processing equipment can recognize. The signal is then transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface of the processing equipment to obtain the digitized coil voltage value.

[0036] A current sensor is connected in series between the power supply and the coil. It detects the current flowing through the coil through the principle of electromagnetic induction. The current is converted into a low voltage signal and transmitted to the ADC interface of the processing device to obtain the digitized coil current value.

[0037] The temperature sensor is directly attached to the surface of the coil. The middle or root of the coil, where the heat is concentrated, is selected to detect the surface temperature of the coil in real time. The temperature signal is converted into a resistance signal or a voltage signal and then transmitted to the processing device to obtain a digital coil temperature value.

[0038] Then, the processing equipment determines the compensation resistor based on the voltage, current, and temperature. The calculation expression is:

[0039] in, Indicates the compensation resistor. Indicates voltage. Represents current. Indicates the temperature coefficient of copper wire. Indicates temperature.

[0040] Impedance spectrum characteristics, including resonant frequency shift and impedance amplitude attenuation rate, can be obtained as follows: The processing equipment controls a high-frequency signal generator to inject a 1kHz-1MHz sweep frequency signal into the closing coil through a signal coupler. At the same time, it collects the impedance values ​​of the coil at different frequencies through a spectrum analyzer, extracts the current resonant frequency (the frequency at which the impedance amplitude is the largest) and the current impedance at 50kHz frequency, and presets the resonant frequency of the coil under normal conditions and the rated impedance at 50kHz frequency as reference values.

[0041] The resonant frequency offset reflects the change in the coil's resonant characteristics, and its expression is:

[0042] in, This represents the resonant frequency offset. Indicates the current resonant frequency. This indicates the resonant frequency under normal conditions.

[0043] The impedance amplitude attenuation rate reflects the degree of impedance attenuation at a specific frequency, and its expression is:

[0044] in, Indicates the impedance amplitude attenuation rate. This indicates the current impedance at a frequency of 50kHz. This indicates the rated impedance at a frequency of 50kHz.

[0045] The rate of temperature change can be obtained in the following way: The processing equipment collects data in real time using a three-point NTC temperature sensor array arranged along the coil's axis: the three sensors correspond to the end, middle, and root of the coil, respectively, forming a comprehensive coverage of the coil's axial temperature distribution. During continuous monitoring, the value collected by the sensor located at the midpoint of the coil's axis is selected as the representative value of the overall coil temperature, and is recorded. The temperature at the midpoint of time is ,interval Afterwards, record The temperature at the midpoint of time is .

[0046] The rate of temperature change reflects the trend of coil temperature change over time, and is expressed as:

[0047] in, Indicates the rate of temperature change. Indicates the amount of temperature change. It represents the change over time.

[0048] Temperature gradients can be obtained in the following way: Using the aforementioned 3-point NTC temperature sensor array, the temperature at the root and end of the coil are collected simultaneously. The root is where the coil connects to the terminal block, and the end is the free end of the coil away from the terminal block. The distance between the two points is usually more than 2 / 3 of the coil length to ensure that the temperature difference in the space can be reflected.

[0049] The temperature gradient reflects the temperature difference at different locations within the coil, and its expression is:

[0050] in, Represents the temperature gradient. Indicates the temperature at the root of the coil. This indicates the temperature at the end of the coil.

[0051] S202. The processing equipment obtains the confidence level of resistance faults based on the compensation resistor; the confidence level of spectral faults based on the impedance spectrum characteristics; and the confidence level of temperature faults based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient.

[0052] The resistor fault confidence level quantifies the probability that a coil will fail due to abnormal resistance (open circuit, short circuit), and its value ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates no fault and 1 indicates a confirmed fault. The expression for calculating the resistor fault confidence level is:

[0053] in, Indicates the confidence level of a resistor fault. This indicates the normal resistance reference value of the coil. This indicates the compensation resistor.

[0054] When the compensation resistor is greater than the open circuit threshold or less than the short circuit threshold, the confidence level for determining a resistance fault is set to the first value.

[0055] The first value refers to the high confidence value in the fault confidence quantification system, which represents the confirmation of a fault. A value of 1 indicates that the compensation resistor has exceeded the normal range and the coil is likely to have an open circuit or short circuit fault.

[0056] The open circuit threshold is set to 2. When the compensation resistor exceeds 2 At that time, it was determined that the coil had an open circuit fault. This indicates the normal resistance reference value of the coil.

[0057] The short-circuit threshold is set to 0.5. When the compensation resistor is below 0.5 When this occurs, it is determined that the coil has a short circuit fault.

[0058] When the compensation resistor is within the normal range, the normal range is... The system is determined to be fault-free, and the resistance confidence level is 0.

[0059] The spectrum fault confidence level quantifies the probability of a coil failing due to insulation degradation, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. The expression for calculating the spectrum fault confidence level is:

[0060] in, This indicates the confidence level of spectrum faults.

[0061] Temperature fault confidence quantifies the probability of a coil malfunctioning due to overheating (partial short circuit, overload), and its value ranges from 0 to 1. The expression for calculating temperature fault confidence is:

[0062] in, This indicates the confidence level of a temperature-related fault.

[0063] S203. The processing equipment obtains the total fault confidence based on the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, and the temperature fault confidence.

[0064] Specifically, firstly, the processing device acquires the first weight corresponding to the confidence level of resistance faults, the second weight corresponding to the confidence level of spectrum faults, and the third weight corresponding to the confidence level of temperature faults.

[0065] The essence of obtaining the three types of weights for the processing equipment is to ensure that the total fault confidence calculation is adapted to the actual operating conditions of the circuit breaker. Circuit breakers in different operating states have different dominant factors causing faults. For example, circuit breakers that have been in operation for more than 10 years have a higher probability of terminal oxidation and wire aging, making abnormal resistance a more likely cause of faults; while circuit breakers that have been in high-humidity environments for a long time have a higher risk of insulation degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the weights to give a higher proportion to parameters that are more likely to cause faults (such as the resistance parameters of older circuit breakers) in the overall assessment, ensuring that the total fault confidence truly reflects the risk.

[0066] For example: if the circuit breaker's service life is ≤5 years, the ambient humidity is ≤60%, and the average number of operations per day is ≤3 times, then the weights are adjusted as follows: the first weight is set to 0.3, the second weight is set to 0.3, and the third weight is set to 0.4, with an emphasis on assessing the heating status; If the circuit breaker has been in operation for more than 8 years and the ambient humidity is less than or equal to 60% (old equipment), the weights are adjusted as follows: the first weight is set to 0.45, the second weight is set to 0.25, and the third weight is set to 0.3, with an emphasis on resistance anomaly assessment. If the ambient humidity of the circuit breaker is >80% and the service life is ≤5 years (high humidity environment), the weights are adjusted to the following: first weight is set to 0.25, second weight is set to 0.45, and third weight is set to 0.3, focusing on insulation status assessment.

[0067] Then, the processing device calculates the total fault confidence based on the resistance fault confidence, the first weight corresponding to the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, the second weight corresponding to the spectrum fault confidence, the temperature fault confidence, and the third weight corresponding to the temperature fault confidence. The expression for calculating the total fault confidence is:

[0068] in, Indicates the total fault confidence level. This represents the first weight corresponding to the confidence level of a resistor fault. This represents the second weight corresponding to the confidence level of spectrum faults. This represents the third weight corresponding to the confidence level of temperature faults.

[0069] S204. The processing equipment determines the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence level.

[0070] When the total fault confidence level is in the first interval, it is determined to be an initial warning of an inter-turn fault; when the total fault confidence level is in the second interval, it is determined to be an inter-turn fault confirmation or an abnormal resistance warning; when the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, it is determined to be an open circuit fault or a short circuit fault.

[0071] The first interval is the low-risk interval of the total fault confidence, which is preset to 0.3 ≤ total fault confidence < 0.5, corresponding to the weak abnormal signals in the early stage of the fault.

[0072] Early warning of inter-turn faults is an early indication of slight deterioration in the insulation between coil turns (such as minor damage to the insulation layer). At this time, the fault does not affect the normal operation of the coil, but characteristic anomalies have appeared (such as slight shift in the impedance spectrum), which require close attention.

[0073] The second interval is the medium-risk interval of the total fault confidence, which is preset to 0.5 ≤ total fault confidence < 0.8, corresponding to a state where the fault signal is clear but has not completely deteriorated.

[0074] Inter-turn fault confirmation is the clear determination that there is inter-turn insulation degradation in the coil, such as minor short circuits between some turns. The fault has affected the coil performance and requires timely repair.

[0075] An abnormal resistance warning indicates that the coil resistance deviates from the normal range but does not reach the open / short circuit threshold. For example, if the resistance is slightly high (loose wiring) or slightly low (minor inter-turn short circuit), the cause of the abnormal resistance needs to be investigated.

[0076] The third interval is the high-risk interval of the total failure confidence, which is preset to a total failure confidence of ≥0.8, corresponding to the state that a serious failure has occurred.

[0077] An open circuit fault is caused by a broken coil wire or a loose terminal, which prevents current from flowing and manifests as a sharp increase in resistance.

[0078] A short circuit fault is caused by the complete breakdown of the insulation between coil turns, resulting in direct conduction of multiple turns of wire. This manifests as a significant decrease in resistance. Both types of faults will cause the coil to malfunction and require emergency handling.

[0079] When the total fault confidence level is in the first range of 0.3-0.5, the coil only has weak abnormal signals, and these signals mostly come from early degradation of the inter-turn insulation. At this time, the resistance and temperature parameters are still close to the normal range, so it is judged as an early warning of inter-turn fault, reminding maintenance personnel to increase the monitoring frequency. When the total fault confidence level is in the second range of 0.5-0.8, the fault signal is relatively clear. If the abnormality mainly comes from the impedance spectrum, it indicates that there is a problem with insulation degradation, and it is judged as a confirmed inter-turn fault. If the abnormality mainly comes from the resistance parameter, it indicates that the resistance deviates from the normal range, and it is judged as a warning of abnormal resistance. In both cases, maintenance needs to be arranged in time to avoid further deterioration of the fault. When the total fault confidence level reaches the third range of ≥0.8, the coil has serious parameter abnormalities, such as a sudden increase or decrease in resistance and a sharp increase in temperature, which indicates that an open circuit or short circuit fault has occurred.

[0080] When the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, the control interlocking relay will cut off the closing circuit at time t.

[0081] When the total fault confidence calculated by the processing equipment enters the third interval, it means that a serious fault such as an open circuit or short circuit has been confirmed in the coil. At this time, the processing equipment will immediately send a disconnect command to the lockout relay and simultaneously initiate a preset time delay t, set to 0.2 seconds, to ensure accurate fault determination and eliminate interference from instantaneous data fluctuations. After time t ends, the lockout relay will perform a disconnect action, and its contacts connected in series in the closing circuit will open, directly cutting off the power supply to the closing coil and completely de-energizing it. This not only avoids further damage caused by the coil remaining energized under fault conditions, but also prevents the circuit breaker from mistakenly closing or failing to close due to coil faults, ultimately achieving emergency protection for the equipment and system.

[0082] Based on the above description, this application has the following beneficial effects: In this application, by simultaneously acquiring four types of parameters—compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient—and combining them with multi-confidence fusion decision-making, it can not only accurately determine serious faults such as open circuits and short circuits (third interval of total fault confidence), but also capture weak impedance changes in the coil through impedance spectrum characteristics and identify local overheating based on temperature gradients, achieving early warning (first interval of total fault confidence) and confirmation (second interval of total fault confidence) of inter-turn faults. This design fills the gap in existing technology regarding the inability to detect early inter-turn faults, providing maintenance personnel with sufficient window of opportunity for fault handling, effectively preventing faults from developing from a weak state into coil burnout or mechanical failure, and significantly reducing the risk of equipment damage.

[0083] Secondly, by obtaining the compensation resistor through temperature compensation processing, the influence of temperature on resistance measurement is eliminated, ensuring that the electrical parameters can truly reflect the coil state. At the same time, by weighted fusion of the confidence levels of three types of faults—resistance, spectrum, and temperature—faults are judged comprehensively based on multi-dimensional features, reducing the influence of electromagnetic interference on single parameters, avoiding false alarms caused by traditional threshold judgments, making the diagnostic results more consistent with the actual working state of the closing coil, and improving the diagnostic reliability in complex field environments.

[0084] Finally, when the total fault confidence level is in the third interval (determined as an open circuit or short circuit fault), this method can control the interlocking relay to cut off the closing circuit within a set time, quickly terminating the current supply under fault conditions, upgrading from traditional passive alarm to active protection. This design effectively avoids coil burnout due to continuous overheating or mechanical failure caused by short circuit current, ensuring the equipment safety of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing power grid interruptions caused by circuit breaker failures, indirectly improving the power supply reliability of the distribution network, and solving the safety hazard of existing technologies that can only alarm but cannot quickly stop losses.

[0085] The above text combined Figure 1 The method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker provided in this application has been described in detail. The apparatus and equipment provided in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this is a schematic diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device includes: The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate and temperature gradient of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker. The data processing module 302 is used to obtain the resistance fault confidence level based on the compensation resistor; obtain the spectrum fault confidence level based on the impedance spectrum characteristics; obtain the temperature fault confidence level based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient; and obtain the total fault confidence level based on the resistance fault confidence level, the spectrum fault confidence level, and the temperature fault confidence level. The determination module 303 is used to determine the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence.

[0087] Optionally, the acquisition module 301 is specifically used to acquire the voltage, current and temperature of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker; Data processing module 302 is specifically used to obtain the compensation resistor based on the voltage, current, and temperature, including:

[0088] in, Indicates the compensation resistor. Indicates voltage. Represents current. Indicates the temperature coefficient of copper wire. Indicates temperature.

[0089] Optionally, the acquisition module 301 is specifically used to acquire the first weight corresponding to the confidence level of the resistance fault, the second weight corresponding to the confidence level of the spectrum fault, and the third weight corresponding to the confidence level of the temperature fault. The data processing module 302 is specifically used to obtain the total fault confidence based on the resistance fault confidence, the first weight corresponding to the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, the second weight corresponding to the spectrum fault confidence, the temperature fault confidence, and the third weight corresponding to the temperature fault confidence.

[0090] Optionally, the determination module 303 is specifically used to determine the initial warning of inter-turn fault when the total fault confidence is in the first interval; to determine the inter-turn fault confirmation or resistance abnormality warning when the total fault confidence is in the second interval; and to determine the open circuit fault or short circuit fault when the total fault confidence is in the third interval.

[0091] Optionally, the determination module 303 is also used to control the blocking relay to cut off the closing circuit at time t when the total fault confidence is in the third interval.

[0092] Optionally, the data processing module 302 is specifically used to determine the resistance fault confidence level as a first value when the compensation resistor is greater than the open circuit threshold or the compensation resistor is less than the short circuit threshold.

[0093] The vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis device according to the embodiments of this application can correspond to the execution of the method described in the embodiments of this application, and the other operations and / or functions of each module / unit of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis device are respectively for realizing Figure 1 For the sake of brevity, the corresponding processes of each method in the illustrated embodiments will not be described in detail here.

[0094] This application also provides a computing device. For example... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this is a schematic diagram of a computing device provided in an embodiment of this application. The computing device 700 includes a bus 701, a processor 702, a communication interface 703, and a memory 704. The processor 702, the memory 704, and the communication interface 703 communicate with each other via the bus 701.

[0095] The 701 bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 3 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0096] The processor 702 can be any one or more of the following processors: central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), microprocessor (MP), or digital signal processor (DSP).

[0097] The communication interface 703 is used for communication with external devices.

[0098] Memory 704 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM). Memory 704 may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid state drive (SSD).

[0099] The memory 704 stores executable code, and the processor 702 executes the executable code to perform the aforementioned vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method.

[0100] Specifically, in achieving Figure 2 In the case of the illustrated embodiment, and Figure 2 When the modules or units of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis device described in the embodiment are implemented by software, the execution... Figure 2 The software or program code required for the functions of each module / unit can be partially or entirely stored in the memory 704. The processor 702 executes the program code corresponding to each unit stored in the memory 704 to perform the aforementioned vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method.

[0101] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computing device can store, or a data storage device such as a data center containing one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive). The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that instruct the computing device to execute the above-described vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method.

[0102] This application also provides a computer program product comprising one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computing device, all or part of the processes or functions described in this application are generated.

[0103] The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, or data center to another website, computer, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.

[0104] When the computer program product is executed by a computer, the computer performs any of the aforementioned methods of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method. The computer program product can be a software installation package; when any of the aforementioned methods of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil fault diagnosis method is required, the computer program product can be downloaded and executed on the computer.

[0105] The descriptions of the processes or structures corresponding to the above figures each have their own emphasis. For parts of a process or structure that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes or structures.

[0106] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing faults in the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker; Based on the compensation resistor, the confidence level for resistance faults is obtained; based on the impedance spectrum characteristics, the confidence level for spectral faults is obtained; based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient, the confidence level for temperature faults is obtained. The total fault confidence is obtained based on the confidence levels of resistance faults, spectrum faults, and temperature faults. The fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil is determined based on the total fault confidence level.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the compensation resistor of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil includes: Obtain the voltage, current, and temperature of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker; The compensation resistor is obtained based on the voltage, current, and temperature.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the compensation resistor based on the voltage, current, and temperature includes: in, Indicates the compensation resistor. Indicates voltage. Represents current. Indicates the temperature coefficient of copper wire. Indicates temperature.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the total fault confidence based on the resistance fault confidence, spectrum fault confidence, and temperature fault confidence includes: Obtain the first weight corresponding to the confidence level of resistance fault, the second weight corresponding to the confidence level of spectrum fault, and the third weight corresponding to the confidence level of temperature fault; The total fault confidence is obtained based on the resistance fault confidence, the first weight corresponding to the resistance fault confidence, the spectrum fault confidence, the second weight corresponding to the spectrum fault confidence, the temperature fault confidence, and the third weight corresponding to the temperature fault confidence.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence includes: When the total fault confidence level is in the first interval, it is determined to be an early warning of inter-turn fault; When the total fault confidence level is in the second interval, it is determined as an inter-turn fault confirmation or an abnormal resistance warning. When the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, it is determined to be an open circuit fault or a short circuit fault.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the total fault confidence level is in the third interval, the control interlocking relay will cut off the closing circuit at time t.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the resistance fault confidence level based on the compensation resistor includes: When the compensation resistor is greater than the open circuit threshold, or the compensation resistor is less than the short circuit threshold, the confidence level of the resistor fault is determined to be the first value.

8. A fault diagnosis device for the closing coil of a vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the compensation resistance, impedance spectrum characteristics, temperature change rate, and temperature gradient of the closing coil of the vacuum circuit breaker. The data processing module is used to obtain the resistance fault confidence level based on the compensation resistor; obtain the spectrum fault confidence level based on the impedance spectrum characteristics; obtain the temperature fault confidence level based on the temperature change rate and temperature gradient; and obtain the total fault confidence level based on the resistance fault confidence level, spectrum fault confidence level, and temperature fault confidence level. The determination module is used to determine the fault type of the vacuum circuit breaker closing coil based on the total fault confidence level.

9. A computing device, characterized in that, Including memory and processor; The memory stores one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs including instructions; when the instructions are executed by the processor, the computing device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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