Method for recovering antimony and tellurium through combined treatment of lead anode mud and red mud
By combining lead anode mud and red mud with vacuum distillation and constant temperature leaching processes, the problems of low resource utilization and environmental pollution in the treatment of lead anode mud and red mud have been solved, achieving efficient recovery of tellurium dioxide and antimony trioxide, and achieving clean and efficient resource recovery.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511545485.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for treating lead anode mud and red mud suffer from complex processes, severe environmental pollution, and low resource utilization, making it difficult to efficiently recover valuable metals.
By combining lead anode mud and red mud through processes such as vacuum distillation and constant temperature leaching, and by controlling the process conditions, arsenic and antimony can be separated and tellurium and antimony can be efficiently recovered, forming tellurium dioxide and antimony trioxide.
It significantly improved the recovery rate of antimony telluride, reduced reagent consumption, achieved harmless arsenic fixation, simplified the separation process, and improved resource utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN121538432A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a method for the combined treatment and recovery of antimony and tellurium from lead anode mud and red mud, belonging to the field of secondary resource recovery and recycling technology. Background Technology
[0002] Lead anode mud is the anode mud produced during the electrolytic refining of crude lead, accounting for 1.2% to 2.0% of lead production. In 2024, China's lead production was 7.637 million tons, generating 91,600 to 152,700 tons of lead anode mud. The comprehensive recovery methods for lead anode mud mainly include pyrometallurgical processes such as high-temperature smelting-oxidation blowing-multi-stage refining and hydrometallurgical processes such as pre-oxidation-multi-stage leaching-reduction. Pyrometallurgical processes generate approximately 400 tons of high-arsenic and antimony dust for every ton of silver recovered. Arsenic and antimony have similar properties and are extremely difficult to separate, resulting in low antimony recovery rates and high environmental risks. Simultaneously, the recovered rare and precious metals gold, silver, and tellurium contain high levels of impurities, leading to low metal utilization rates. Hydrometallurgical processes involve numerous chemical reactions, resulting in low oxidation rates of arsenic and antimony, producing various heavy metal waste residues and liquids that are difficult to dispose of harmlessly, causing serious environmental pollution. Both lead anode mud and lead anode mud share common problems such as complex processes, significant environmental issues, low resource utilization, and high energy consumption, which severely restrict the clean and efficient separation and extraction of various valuable metals from lead anode mud. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a clean and efficient method for processing lead anode mud to extract strategic metals, thereby achieving the harmless treatment of arsenic in lead anode mud and ensuring the safe supply of strategic metal materials.
[0003] Red mud is a complex solid waste generated during the alumina industry and is also the largest smelting waste slag discharged by the non-ferrous metals industry. Producing 1 ton of alumina generates approximately 1.0 to 2.0 tons of red mud. In 2024, my country's newly added red mud was approximately 115 million tons, with a cumulative stockpile exceeding 1.5 billion tons. The comprehensive utilization rate of newly added red mud is less than 13%. The main method of discharging red mud is through damming and stockpiling. This not only occupies a large amount of land resources but also incurs huge costs for the construction and maintenance of stockpiles. During stockpiling, the waste liquid is highly susceptible to seepage, polluting the soil, surface water, and groundwater. The dust formed on the surface of newly stockpiled red mud pollutes the atmosphere, causing serious harm to the surrounding ecological environment. Red mud has a complex composition, containing iron, calcium, and silicon oxides. Interference between different components during recycling significantly increases the technical difficulty of red mud recycling. Developing appropriate recycling methods to achieve red mud recycling has become one of the urgent tasks facing the alumina industry both domestically and internationally.
[0004] Therefore, developing a new method capable of synergistically processing multiple metallurgical solid wastes and recovering valuable metals is of significant practical importance. By utilizing the synergistic effect between lead anode mud and red mud, and through the control of preparation process conditions, it is possible to cleanly recover tellurium and antimony from lead anode mud, simplify the separation process, improve resource utilization, and reduce the environmental risks posed by red mud, thus achieving red mud recycling. This is not only an urgent need for the development of the lead metallurgy and aluminum industries, but also provides key technological support for the industry's green transformation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the combined treatment and recovery of antimony and tellurium from lead anode mud and red mud, specifically including the following steps: (1) After drying the lead anode mud, place it in a reaction apparatus (preferably a vacuum furnace) for vacuum distillation to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0006] (2) Add red mud to the arsenic and antimony volatiles obtained in step (1) to form a solid mixture, then add water to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture, stir the solid-liquid mixture and leach at a constant temperature, filter the solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0007] (3) Add an alkali (preferably sodium hydroxide) to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to cause the tellurium-containing filtrate to precipitate, and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0008] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) into a reaction apparatus (preferably a vacuum furnace) for vacuum distillation to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0009] Preferably, the drying conditions in step (1) are: drying at 50~120℃ for 180~720 min.
[0010] Preferably, the conditions for vacuum distillation in step (1) are: distillation at a temperature of 400-1000℃ for 90-240 minutes under a vacuum of 1-80 Pa.
[0011] Preferably, in step (2), the red mud is added to the arsenic-antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2~0.6; the content of the solid mixture in the solid-liquid mixture is 0.2~0.5g / mL.
[0012] Preferably, the stirring conditions in step (2) are 300~600 rpm; the constant temperature leaching conditions are leaching at 40~90℃ for 120~300 min.
[0013] Preferably, the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate in step (3) is 0.03~0.3g / mL.
[0014] Preferably, the conditions for vacuum distillation in step (4) are: distillation at a temperature of 200-600°C for 30-180 minutes under a vacuum of 1-30 Pa.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention overcomes technical obstacles through the synergistic effect of raw material selection and preparation process control (such as vacuum distillation and constant temperature leaching), realizing the reuse of complex red mud. The combined action of red mud and lead anode mud separates and recovers tellurium and antimony in the lead anode mud as tellurium dioxide and antimony trioxide, while arsenic is solidified into a stable arsenic-iron compound. Specifically, the direct recovery rate of tellurium is >92%, the tellurium dioxide content is >82%, the direct recovery rate of antimony is >95%, and the antimony trioxide content is >90%. This significantly improves the direct recovery rate of tellurium and antimony, reduces reagent consumption, and achieves harmless arsenic solidification. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0018] Unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention were commercially available analytical grade reagents.
[0019] The lead anode mud used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention was produced by the lead electrolytic refining system of a lead smelter, and its composition is shown in Table 1; the red mud was produced by the alumina production process of an alumina plant, and its composition is shown in Table 2; the process flow diagram of this invention is shown in Table 2. Figure 1 As shown.
[0020] Table 1 Table 2 Example 1 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium through the combined treatment of lead anode mud and red mud specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place the fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 50°C for 720 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 900°C for 90 min under a vacuum of 30 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0021] (2) Red mud was added to arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.25 to form a solid mixture. Deionized water was then added to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 0.4 g / mL. The mixture was leached at 80°C for 150 min at 300 rpm. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0022] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.05 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0023] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 260°C for 180 min under a vacuum of 3 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0024] The content of tellurium and antimony oxides was determined by XRF testing of tellurium dioxide and antimony trioxide. The direct recovery rate of tellurium and antimony was calculated based on the ratio of the mass of tellurium and antimony in the final products (tellurium dioxide and antimony trioxide) to the mass of tellurium and antimony in the lead anode mud. The calculations showed that the tellurium content in the recovered product of this embodiment was 86.55%, with a tellurium direct recovery rate of 92.54%, and the antimony content was 92.35%, with an antimony direct recovery rate of 96.83%. The high tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate of this embodiment are attributed to the synergistic effect between lead anode mud and red mud, and the efficient and specific recovery of antimony and tellurium achieved through the combined action of lead anode mud and complex red mud by controlling the preparation process conditions.
[0025] Example 2 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium through the combined treatment of lead anode mud and red mud specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 120°C for 180 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 400°C for 240 min under a vacuum of 80 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0026] (2) Red mud was added to arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a solid mixture. Deionized water was then added to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 0.33 g / mL. The mixture was leached at 40°C for 300 min at 550 rpm. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0027] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.03 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0028] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 600°C for 30 minutes under a vacuum of 30 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0029] The product recovered in this embodiment was tested for tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate using the same testing method as in Example 1. The test results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the product recovered in this embodiment was 82.34%, the tellurium direct recovery rate was 96.12%, the antimony trioxide content was 90.33%, and the antimony direct recovery rate was 97.48%. The tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate in this embodiment are relatively high. This is because this embodiment utilizes the synergistic effect between lead anode mud and red mud, and through the control of the preparation process conditions, it achieves the purpose of efficient and specific recovery of antimony and tellurium through the combined effect of lead anode mud and red mud with complex composition.
[0030] Example 3 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium through the combined treatment of lead anode mud and red mud specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place the fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 90°C for 540 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 700°C for 120 min under a vacuum of 3 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0031] (2) Red mud was added to arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.6 to form a solid mixture. Deionized water was then added to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 0.2 g / mL. The mixture was leached at 400 rpm and 65 °C for 200 min. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0032] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.2 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0033] (4) The arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) is placed in a vacuum furnace and distilled at 400°C for 120 min under a vacuum of 10 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0034] The product recovered in this embodiment was tested for tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate using the same testing method as in Example 1. The test results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the product recovered in this embodiment was 85.68%, the tellurium direct recovery rate was 95.86%, the antimony trioxide content was 91.58%, and the antimony direct recovery rate was 95.89%. The tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate in this embodiment are relatively high. This is because this embodiment utilizes the synergistic effect between lead anode mud and red mud, and through the control of the preparation process conditions, it achieves the purpose of efficient and specific recovery of antimony and tellurium through the combined effect of lead anode mud and red mud with complex composition.
[0035] Example 4 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium through the combined treatment of lead anode mud and red mud specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 50°C for 720 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 1000°C for 90 min under a vacuum of 1 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0036] (2) Red mud was added to arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2 to form a solid mixture. Deionized water was then added to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 0.5 g / mL. The mixture was leached at 90°C for 120 min at 600 rpm. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0037] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.3 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0038] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 200°C for 180 min under a vacuum of 1 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0039] The product recovered in this embodiment was tested for tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate using the same testing method as in Example 1. The test results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the product recovered in this embodiment was 87.51%, the tellurium direct recovery rate was 93.86%, the antimony trioxide content was 93.22%, and the antimony direct recovery rate was 97.02%. The tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate in this embodiment are relatively high. This is because this embodiment utilizes the synergistic effect between lead anode mud and red mud, and through the control of the preparation process conditions, it achieves the purpose of efficient and specific recovery of antimony and tellurium through the combined effect of lead anode mud and red mud with complex composition.
[0040] Comparative Example 1 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode mud includes the following steps: (1) Place the fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 50°C for 720 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 900°C for 90 min under a vacuum of 30 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0041] (2) Deionized water was added to the arsenic and antimony volatiles at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.4 g / mL to form a solid-liquid mixture. The mixture was leached at 80°C for 150 min at 300 rpm. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0042] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.05 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0043] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 260°C for 180 min under a vacuum of 3 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0044] The tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate of the product after recovery treatment in this comparative example were tested using the same testing method as in Example 1. The results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the product after recovery treatment in this comparative example was 56.72%, with a tellurium direct recovery rate of 15.54%, and the antimony trioxide content was 25.68%, with an antimony direct recovery rate of 42.94%. The tellurium and antimony recovery treatment effect in this comparative example was poor. This was because the lack of red mud resulted in an excessively low pH of the solution system during constant temperature leaching. Tellurium tended to remain in the arsenic and antimony filter residue, directly affecting the separation of tellurium and arsenic and antimony elements. The tellurium leaching rate decreased rapidly, and eventually, tellurium was lost by dispersing in antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residues. The tellurium content and direct recovery rate in the tellurium dioxide product decreased significantly to 56.72% and 15.54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the absence of red mud directly prevents the transformation of arsenic phase in lead anode mud. During subsequent vacuum distillation, arsenic and tellurium volatilize into antimony trioxide products in the form of oxides. This not only causes the antimony content and direct recovery rate to decrease to 25.68% and 42.94%, respectively, but also prevents arsenic from being completely released in the smelting system. As arsenic enters antimony trioxide, the problem of arsenic-antimony separation in traditional processes still needs to be overcome, which greatly affects the utilization of antimony trioxide.
[0045] Comparative Example 2 A method for recovering antimony and tellurium through the combined treatment of lead anode mud and limestone specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place the fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 50°C for 720 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 900°C for 90 min under a vacuum of 30 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0046] (2) Limestone was added to arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.25 to form a solid mixture. Deionized water was then added to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid content of 0.4 g / mL. The mixture was leached at 80°C for 150 min at 300 rpm. The solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching was filtered to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0047] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.05 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0048] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 260°C for 180 min under a vacuum of 3 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0049] The tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate of the product after recovery treatment in this comparative example were tested using the same testing methods as in Example 1. The results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the product after recovery treatment in this comparative example was 68.65%, with a direct tellurium recovery rate of 80.32%, and the antimony trioxide content was 38.81%, with a direct antimony recovery rate of 59.77%. The tellurium and antimony recovery effect of this comparative example was poor. This is because although limestone can adjust the pH of the system during the constant-temperature leaching process to allow tellurium to enter the tellurium-containing filtrate, it has no good solidification effect on arsenic in the lead anode mud. The "redissolution" phenomenon of arsenic in the arsenic-calcium compounds leads to some arsenic entering the tellurium-containing filtrate, and after the addition of sodium hydroxide, it enters the tellurium dioxide product along with the tellurium, causing the tellurium content and direct recovery rate to decrease to 68.65% and 80.32%, respectively. The binding capacity of calcium ions in limestone with arsenic is much lower than that of iron ions in red mud, and the stability of arsenic-calcium compounds is much lower than that of arsenic-iron compounds, resulting in a high long-term risk of arsenic residues in the product. The instability of arsenic-calcium compounds also leads to the decomposition of some arsenic-calcium compounds during subsequent vacuum distillation. Arsenic volatilizes into antimony trioxide in the form of oxides, which not only prevents the complete removal of arsenic from the smelting system but also affects the quality of antimony trioxide. The antimony content and direct recovery rate in the antimony trioxide product drop significantly to 38.81% and 59.77%, respectively.
[0050] Comparative Example 3 Calcium carbide slag is an industrial waste residue produced after the hydrolysis of calcium carbide to produce acetylene gas. The calcium carbide slag used in this comparative example was produced by an acetylene gas production plant, and its composition is shown in Table 3.
[0051] Table 3 A method for the combined treatment and recovery of antimony and tellurium from lead anode mud and waste calcium carbide slag specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place the fresh lead anode mud in a forced-air drying oven and dry it at 50°C for 720 min. Place the dried lead anode mud in a vacuum furnace and distill it at 900°C for 90 min under a vacuum of 30 Pa to obtain arsenic antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy.
[0052] (2) Add the waste carbide slag to the arsenic and antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.25 to form a solid mixture. Then add deionized water to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture with a solid mixture content of 0.4 g / mL. Leach at 300 rpm and 80 °C for 150 min. Filter the solid-liquid mixture after constant temperature leaching to obtain arsenic and antimony filter residue and tellurium-containing filtrate.
[0053] (3) Add sodium hydroxide to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to produce a precipitate (the amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate is 0.05 g / mL), and filter the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide.
[0054] (4) Place the arsenic-antimony filter residue obtained in step (2) in a vacuum furnace, and distill it at 260°C for 180 min under a vacuum of 3 Pa to obtain antimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
[0055] The products recovered in this comparative example were tested for tellurium and antimony content and recovery rate using the same testing methods as in Example 1. The results showed that the tellurium dioxide content in the recovered products was 76.31%, with a tellurium direct recovery rate of 83.69%, and the antimony trioxide content was 51.26%, with an antimony direct recovery rate of 68.35%. The tellurium and antimony recovery effect in this comparative example was poor. This is because although the alkaline carbide slag could regulate the pH of the leaching system, and the calcium and small amounts of iron in the components could perform preliminary solidification of the arsenic in the lead anode mud, the stability of the calcium-arsenic compounds and the iron content limited the complete solidification transformation of the arsenic. Ultimately, this led to a significant decline in the product quality of the tellurium and antimony products and the loss of some tellurium and antimony. The tellurium content and direct recovery rate in tellurium dioxide decreased to 76.31% and 83.69%, respectively, and the antimony content and direct recovery rate in antimony trioxide decreased significantly to 51.26% and 68.35%, respectively. The combined treatment process of alkaline waste carbide slag and lead anode mud can partially achieve similar treatment effects to red mud in the leaching stage, but its role in the key processes of arsenic fixation and antimony separation remains limited, resulting in unsatisfactory results. In contrast, red mud demonstrates specific effects in promoting tellurium leaching, solidifying arsenic into stable arsenic-iron compounds, and separating arsenic and antimony during vacuum distillation.
[0056] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud in combination, characterized in that, Specifically comprising the following steps: (1) drying the lead anode slime and then placing it in a reaction device for vacuum distillation reaction to obtain arsenic-antimony volatiles and lead-bismuth alloy; (2) adding red mud to the arsenic-antimony volatiles obtained in step (1) to form a solid mixture, then adding water to the solid mixture to form a solid-liquid mixture, stirring the solid-liquid mixture at constant temperature for leaching, filtering the leached solid-liquid mixture to obtain arsenic-antimony leaching residue and tellurium-containing filtrate; (3) adding alkali to the tellurium-containing filtrate obtained in step (2) to make the tellurium-containing filtrate precipitate, and filtering the precipitate to obtain solid tellurium dioxide; (4) placing the arsenic-antimony leaching residue obtained in step (2) in a reaction device for vacuum distillation reaction to obtain diantimony trioxide and solid arsenic residue.
2. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying conditions in step (1) are: drying at 50-120℃ for 180-720min.
3. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum distillation conditions in step (1) are: distilling at a temperature of 400-1000℃ under a vacuum degree of 1-80Pa for 90-240min.
4. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the red mud is added to the arsenic-antimony volatiles at a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.6; the content of the solid mixture in the solid-liquid mixture is 0.2-0.5g / mL.
5. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring conditions in step (2) are: 300-600rpm; the constant temperature leaching conditions are: leaching at 40-90℃ for 120-300min.
6. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of alkali added to the tellurium-containing filtrate in step (3) is 0.03-0.3g / mL.
7. The method for recovering antimony and tellurium from lead anode slime and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum distillation conditions in step (4) are: distilling at a temperature of 200-600℃ under a vacuum degree of 1-30Pa for 30-180min.