Rural domestic grey water residue and oil separation efficient integrated pretreatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rural domestic grey water residue and oil separation efficient integrated pretreatment device, and relates to the technical field of grey water pretreatment, the rural domestic grey water residue and oil separation efficient integrated pretreatment device comprises a treatment box, an inspection well and an observation hole which are connected to the treatment box, and a treatment assembly and an adjusting assembly which are arranged in the treatment box, by combining the triple effects of physical adsorption, chemical catalysis and microbial degradation of the suspended matter filler, the difficultly decomposed organic matters and colloidal impurities in the sewage are deeply treated, the degradation efficiency of difficultly decomposed pollutants is greatly improved, deposition in subsequent links is avoided, the treatment load of a subsequent soil infiltration system is reduced, the stable operation of the whole process is ensured, and the treatment cost is reduced. And the treated grey water flows along the water outlet pipe, finally flows into the water outlet channel and flows out along the water outlet. After pretreatment, the concentration of sewage pollutants is greatly reduced, the system is more adaptive to the purification capacity of a soil infiltration system, an efficient preposed guarantee is provided for an infiltration path of rural domestic sewage resource utilization, and compared with a single cavity in the prior art, the integrated design saves the occupied area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grey water pretreatment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating slag and oil in rural domestic grey water. Background Technology

[0002] In my country, the priority for the resource utilization of rural domestic sewage, especially grey water, is to adopt soil infiltration as a treatment path. However, soil infiltration systems are prone to clogging, so pretreatment facilities need to be added at the front end. Usually, a combination of grease traps, septic tanks and distribution wells is used.

[0003] However, most existing soil infiltration pretreatment equipment is a modular structure consisting of single functional units. While this structure can meet basic treatment needs to some extent, it has significant shortcomings. Because each functional unit is relatively independent, its layout and connection require a large amount of space, resulting in a footprint more than 50% larger than integrated equipment. This not only increases the cost of land use but also limits its large-scale application in rural areas where land resources are relatively scarce.

[0004] Furthermore, septic tanks are a key component of soil infiltration pretreatment systems. Existing domestic sewage treatment equipment, i.e., septic tanks, is generally a single-chamber type, mainly composed of a tank cover and a tank body. An inlet pipe is located on one side of the tank body, and a drain pipe is located on the other side. The sewage to be treated flows in through the inlet pipe, undergoes sedimentation and decomposition within the tank body, and is then discharged through the drain pipe. Single-chamber septic tanks primarily rely on natural sedimentation for sewage treatment. However, sewage often contains large, difficult-to-settle, and difficult-to-decompose impurities. Therefore, these single-chamber septic tanks are prone to clogging, have poor impurity decomposition effects, and low sewage treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the soil infiltration treatment of rural domestic sewage in my country, such as the large footprint of the front-end pretreatment facilities with spliced ​​structures, easy clogging of existing single-chamber septic tanks, poor decomposition of impurities, and low sewage treatment efficiency, which lead to easy clogging of the soil infiltration system. Therefore, this invention proposes a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic sewage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technology: a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater, comprising a treatment box and inspection wells and observation holes connected to the treatment box, and further comprising a treatment component and an adjustment component disposed inside the treatment box;

[0007] The treatment assembly includes an inlet installed on the outer periphery of the treatment tank, a horizontal plate and an inclined plate fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank, a basket grille slidably connected inside the horizontal plate, a support plate fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank close to the inclined plate, a flow channel left between the support plate and the basket grille, a partition fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank, an oil separator connected between the partition and the support plate, a perforated plate fixed to the bottom of the perforated plate, a sealing block installed on the perforated plate, suspended solids filler filling between the two sealing blocks, and an outlet connected to one side of the partition.

[0008] Grey water enters the treatment tank through the inlet. After being filtered by the basket screen, the wastewater flows along the flow channel and is separated from the floating oil by the oil separator. The separated wastewater flows along the perforated plate and is degraded by the suspended solids packing.

[0009] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0010] The material inside the suspended filler is a composite sponge iron and a polyurethane carrier.

[0011] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0012] The processing box is equipped with several mud suction pipes, which are located in the flow channel between the support plate and the inclined plate.

[0013] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0014] The oil separator includes an oil-separating inclined plate connected between the support plate and the partition plate. An oil skimming channel is fixed on one side of the partition plate, and an oil skimming pipe extending out of the treatment box is connected to one side of the oil skimming channel.

[0015] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0016] The water outlet component includes a water outlet pipe installed on one side of the partition, a water outlet channel fixed on the inner wall of the treatment tank, and a water outlet installed on the side of the treatment tank away from the water inlet.

[0017] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0018] The adjustment assembly includes a connecting frame fixed on the closed block, a connecting plate fixed on one side of the connecting frame, and a slide rail fixed on one side of both the connecting plate and the connecting frame. A sliding plate is slidably connected to one side of the connecting frame via the slide rail.

[0019] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0020] A guide groove is provided on one side of the connecting plate. A movable plate is slidably connected to the connecting plate via a slide rail. A connecting column is fixed on one side of the movable plate. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting column. One side of the sliding rod extends out to connect with the connecting plate. An extension column passing through the movable plate is connected to one side of the connecting plate. A guide rod that contacts the guide groove is connected to the outer periphery of the extension column.

[0021] Further description of the above-mentioned high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for rural domestic ash water, slag separation, and oil separation:

[0022] A fixed frame is fixed on one side of the connecting frame, and a servo motor is installed on one side of the fixed frame. Two rotating rods that are far apart from each other are rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame. Pulleys are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rods. The two pulleys are connected by a belt. The output end of the servo motor passes through the fixed frame and is connected to the rotating rods. The slide plate and the moving plate are connected to the belt by a wrapping block. A placement box is connected to one side of the moving plate and the connecting plate.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technology, the beneficial effects of this invention, namely a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater, are as follows:

[0024] Through the set processing and regulating components, domestic greywater enters the treatment tank through the inlet. The basket grid on the horizontal plate intercepts large impurities, and the intercepted greywater flows into the bottom of the treatment tank through the grid opening. After long-term interception, the sludge at the bottom flows out through the sludge pump and sludge suction pipe to prevent impurities from clogging the tank.

[0025] After the grey water reaches the bottom, it enters the oil-water separator along the flow channel, increasing the contact area for oil-water separation. This causes the floating oil to rise and accumulate quickly, flowing into the skimming channel and then out through the skimming pipe. This process efficiently separates the floating oil components, preventing subsequent grease buildup and ensuring a smooth pretreatment process.

[0026] After being treated by the oil-water separator, the greywater flows through the perforated plate into the space between two closed blocks. The suspended solids packing material, made of composite sponge iron and polyurethane carrier, placed on top of the perforated plate, plays a crucial role: the sponge iron captures suspended solids, colloidal particles, and some dissolved organic matter in the wastewater through physical adsorption; iron ions react with phosphate ions to form insoluble iron phosphate precipitate, effectively removing phosphorus; its surface electrochemical activity adsorbs heavy metal ions and other charged pollutants; its oxidation-reduction properties degrade some organic matter, reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD); and it has strong resistance to shock loads related to influent flow rate and total phosphorus concentration, enabling stable phosphorus removal under different water quality conditions.

[0027] The porous structure and high specific surface area of ​​the polyurethane carrier provide a favorable environment for microbial attachment and growth, forming a biofilm on its surface. Through microbial metabolism, organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater are degraded. The porous structure facilitates microbial reproduction and growth, increasing the microbial biomass, improving biofilm structure and permeability, enhancing microbial activity, and strengthening pollutant degradation capabilities. These two factors work synergistically, combining the packing material's inherent triple functions of physical adsorption, chemical catalysis, and microbial degradation, to deeply treat recalcitrant organic matter and colloidal impurities in wastewater, significantly improving the degradation efficiency of recalcitrant pollutants, preventing accumulation in subsequent stages, reducing the treatment load on subsequent soil infiltration systems, and ensuring stable operation of the overall process. The treated greywater flows through the effluent pipe and ultimately into the effluent channel, exiting through the outlet. The pre-treated wastewater exhibits a significantly reduced pollutant concentration, making it more suitable for the purification capacity of soil infiltration systems. This provides an efficient pre-treatment guarantee for the infiltration pathway of rural domestic wastewater resource utilization, and the integrated design saves floor space compared to the single-chamber design of existing technologies.

[0028] The servo motor is started, driving the rotating rod to rotate, which in turn drives the pulley and belt drive. As the belt moves, the sliding plate and the moving plate are pulled in opposite directions by the wrapping block. The placement box, which was originally in the grey water on one side of the sliding plate, moves upward. At the same time, the moving plate moves downward under the pull of the wrapping block, pulling the connecting plate connected to the sliding rod on one side of the connecting column to move together. When the connecting plate moves, the guide rod connected to the extension column on one side moves along the guide groove. After moving a certain distance, under the guidance of the guide groove, the guide rod pulls the extension column, causing the extension column to pull the connecting plate and the placement box on one side to retract inward, avoiding the normally sliding sliding plate. After the sliding plate and the moving plate are separated, the guide rod continues to move along the guide groove, pushing the connecting plate connected to the extension column, causing the connecting plate to move the placement box outward. Then the placement box continues to descend into the sewage, completing the replacement of the old and new packing materials. The old packing material in the rising placement box is taken out by the workers from the inspection well and replaced with new packing material to ensure continuous and effective sewage treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure according to this invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the processing component structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 A top sectional view of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view according to the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 6A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment component according to the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the package block structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates another perspective of the structure of the packaging block according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the fixing frame structure according to the present invention is shown.

[0038] Legend:

[0039] 11. Processing box; 12. Inspection well; 13. Observation hole;

[0040] 20. Processing component; 21. Inlet; 22. Horizontal plate; 221. Inclined plate; 222. Basket grille; 23. Support plate; 231. Flow channel; 232. Sludge suction pipe; 233. Skimming channel; 234. Skimming pipe; 235. Oil-separating inclined plate; 24. Baffle plate; 241. Perforated plate; 242. Sealing block; 25. Outlet pipe; 26. Outlet channel; 27. Outlet;

[0041] 30. Adjustment component; 31. Connecting frame; 311. Connecting plate; 312. Slide rail; 32. Slide plate; 33. Guide groove; 34. Moving plate; 341. Connecting column; 342. Sliding rod; 343. Connecting plate; 344. Extension column; 345. Guide rod; 35. Wrapping block; 36. Fixing frame; 361. Servo motor; 362. Rotating rod; 363. Pulley; 364. Belt; 37. Placement box. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following will describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater: including a treatment box 11 and an inspection well 12 and an observation hole 13 connected to the treatment box 11, and further including a treatment component 20 and an adjustment component 30 disposed inside the treatment box 11.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the treatment assembly 20 includes an inlet 21 installed on the outer periphery of the treatment tank 11. A horizontal plate 22 and an inclined plate 221 are fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank 11. A basket grille 222 is slidably connected within the horizontal plate 22. A support plate 23 is fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank 11, close to the inclined plate 221. A flow channel 231 is left between the support plate 23 and the basket grille 222. A partition 24 is fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank 11. An oil separator is connected between the partition 24 and the support plate 23. The oil separator includes an oil-separating inclined plate 235 connected between the support plate 23 and the partition 24. An oil skimming channel 233 is fixed to one side of the partition 24. An oil skimming pipe 234 extending out of the treatment tank 11 is connected to one side of the oil skimming channel 233. The bottom of the perforated plate 241... A perforated plate 241 is fixed to the part, and a sealing block 242 is installed on the perforated plate 241. The space between the two sealing blocks 242 is filled with suspended material. The material inside the suspended material is a composite sponge iron and a polyurethane carrier. A water outlet is connected to one side of the partition 24. Several sludge suction pipes 232 are installed inside the treatment tank 11. One end of the sludge suction pipe 232 extends out of the treatment tank 11 and is connected to the sludge suction pump. The sludge suction pipe 232 is set in the flow channel 231 between the support plate 23 and the inclined plate 221. The water outlet includes a water outlet pipe 25 installed on one side of the partition 24. A water outlet channel 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the treatment tank 11. A water outlet 27 is installed on the side of the treatment tank 11 away from the water inlet 21. The water outlet 27 is connected to the soil infiltration system.

[0045] When domestic greywater needs to be treated, it enters the treatment tank 11 through the inlet 21. Because a basket screen 222 is placed on the horizontal plate 22, large impurities in the greywater are intercepted in the basket screen 222. The intercepted greywater flows into the bottom of the treatment tank 11 through the opening of the basket screen 222. After long-term interception, the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the treatment tank 11 is pumped out of the treatment tank 11 through the sludge pump and flows along the sludge suction pipe 232 to prevent impurities from accumulating and causing blockage. At the same time, when the basket screen 222 needs to be cleaned, it is pulled up from the inspection well 11 and replaced and cleaned.

[0046] After the grey water reaches the bottom, it continues to flow along the channel 231 and enters the oil-separating inclined plate 235 along the support plate 23. The tiny oil droplets initially dispersed in the grey water adhere to the surface of the oil-separating inclined plate 235 as they flow through its gaps. With the continuous flow of the grey water, these tiny oil droplets frequently collide with the surface of the oil-separating inclined plate 235 and other oil droplets. After the collisions, the small oil droplets merge to form larger diameter droplets (aggregation effect). As the droplet diameter increases, according to Stokes' law, the buoyancy it experiences significantly increases. After the oil droplets collide and aggregate, because the density of oil is much less than that of water, under the influence of gravity, the oil droplets slide upwards along the surface of the oil-separating inclined plate 235 instead of floating vertically. The sliding direction is opposite to the water flow direction. The inclination angle of the oil-separating inclined plate 235 ensures that the oil droplets can slide smoothly upwards under gravity while allowing the separated water to flow downwards along the plate surface, achieving "oil-water separation." The flow pattern is divided to avoid secondary mixing of oil and water. When the level of the floating oil is higher than that of the skimming channel 233, the floating oil will flow into the skimming channel 233. After the floating oil accumulates in the skimming channel 233, it will flow out of the treatment box 11 through the skimming pipe 234 on one side of the treatment box 11. The floating oil components in the ash water can be efficiently separated by the contact of the oil separating inclined plate 235, which can prevent the grease from accumulating in the subsequent treatment and provide a key guarantee for the smooth operation of the pretreatment process.

[0047] After being treated by the oil-separating inclined plate 235, the grey water flows through the perforated plate 241 into the space between two closed blocks 242. Since the top of the perforated plate 241 is filled with suspended filler made of composite sponge iron and polyurethane carrier, when the grey water comes into contact with the composite sponge iron and polyurethane carrier, the sponge iron can accelerate the oxidative degradation of difficult-to-decompose substances through chemical catalysis, while the polyurethane carrier provides a stable attachment space for microorganisms due to its high porosity, forming a biofilm. The two work synergistically, and the filler itself has the triple functions of physical adsorption, chemical catalysis and microbial degradation, which can deeply treat the residual difficult-to-decompose organic matter and colloidal impurities in the sewage, greatly improve the degradation efficiency of difficult-to-decompose pollutants, and prevent them from entering the subsequent stages and causing siltation.

[0048] Simultaneously, it reduces the treatment load on the subsequent soil infiltration system and ensures the stable operation of the overall process. Sponge iron, a porous metallic material, possesses a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity. In domestic greywater, sponge iron can capture suspended solids, colloidal particles, and some dissolved organic matter through physical adsorption. Furthermore, the iron ions in sponge iron can chemically react with phosphate ions in the wastewater to form insoluble iron phosphate precipitates, effectively removing phosphorus from the wastewater. The surface of sponge iron also exhibits electrochemical activity, enabling it to adsorb heavy metal ions and other charged pollutants in the wastewater through electrochemical enrichment. In addition, sponge iron possesses redox properties, degrading some organic matter in the wastewater and reducing its chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Sponge iron exhibits good resistance to shock loads related to influent flow rate and total phosphorus concentration. Maintaining stable phosphorus removal performance under varying water quality conditions, the polyurethane carrier, with its porous structure and high specific surface area, provides an excellent environment for microbial attachment and growth. In domestic greywater, a biofilm can form on the surface of the polyurethane carrier. Through the metabolic activity of microorganisms, organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater are degraded. The porous structure of the polyurethane carrier is conducive to the reproduction and growth of microorganisms, increasing the microbial biomass within the biofilm. Simultaneously, the polyurethane carrier can enhance the activity of microorganisms by improving the structure and permeability of the biofilm, thereby strengthening the degradation capacity of pollutants in wastewater. In the reactor, the polyurethane carrier can cut and block air bubbles, increasing the residence time of bubbles in the water and the gas-liquid contact surface area, improving mass transfer efficiency. This facilitates better oxygen dissolution in the water, providing sufficient oxygen for microorganisms and promoting their metabolic activities.

[0049] After being treated with sponge iron and polyurethane carrier, the greywater flows along the outlet pipe 25 and eventually flows into the outlet channel 26 and out through the outlet 27. This breaks through the inefficient limitation of traditional single-chamber septic tanks that rely solely on natural sedimentation and natural microbial reproduction and decomposition. It improves the degradation rate of difficult-to-decompose impurities, increases the sewage treatment efficiency compared to traditional equipment, and significantly reduces the pollutant concentration of pre-treated sewage. It is more compatible with the purification capacity of soil infiltration systems and provides an efficient pre-treatment guarantee for the infiltration path of rural domestic sewage resource utilization. Moreover, the integrated design saves floor space compared to the single-chamber design of existing technologies.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the adjustment assembly 30 includes a connecting frame 31 fixed to the enclosed block 242. A connecting plate 311 is fixed to one side of the connecting frame 31. Slide rails 312 are fixed to both the connecting plate 311 and one side of the connecting frame 31. A sliding plate 32 is slidably connected to one side of the connecting frame 31 via the slide rails 312. A guide groove 33 is provided on one side of the connecting plate 311. A movable plate 34 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 311 via the slide rails 312. A connecting post 341 is fixed to one side of the movable plate 34. A sliding rod 342 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting post 341. One side of the sliding rod 342 extends out of the connecting post 341 and connects to the connecting plate 343. An extension post 344 passing through the movable plate 34 is connected to one side of the connecting plate 343. The outer periphery of the extension post 344 is connected to the guide groove. The guide rod 345 is in contact with the 33. A fixed frame 36 is fixed on one side of the connecting frame 31. A servo motor 361 is installed on one side of the fixed frame 36. Two rotating rods 362 that are far apart from each other are rotatably connected to one side of the connecting frame 31. A pulley 363 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rod 362. The two pulleys 363 are connected to each other by a belt 364. The output end of the servo motor 361 passes through the fixed frame 36 and is connected to the rotating rod 362. The slide plate 32 and the moving plate 34 are connected to the belt 364 by a wrapping block 35. A placement box 37 is connected to one side of the moving plate 34 and the connecting plate 343. Several openings are opened on the outer periphery of the placement box 37. Several suspended fillers made of sponge iron and polyurethane carrier are placed inside the placement box 37.

[0051] Suspended fillers made of composite sponge iron and polyurethane carriers will encounter a series of problems after prolonged use. The polyurethane carrier, constantly subjected to wastewater erosion and the adhesion of extracellular polymers produced by microbial metabolism, will lead to pore blockage and structural deformation. This reduces the space for microbial attachment and decreases biofilm activity. Simultaneously, the sponge iron, participating in redox reactions for a long time, will gradually be consumed, reducing its catalytic activity and consequently decreasing the degradation efficiency of recalcitrant organic matter. Therefore, it is necessary to replace or clean these suspended fillers after a period of use.

[0052] The specific replacement operation procedure is as follows: Start the servo motor 361, the servo motor 361 drives the rotating rod 362 to rotate, as the rotating rod 362 rotates, it drives the pulley 363 and belt 364 to drive the transmission. When the belt 364 moves, it pulls the slide plate 32 and the moving plate 34 to move in the opposite direction through the wrapping block 35.

[0053] As the skateboard 32 and the moving plate 34 move, the placement box 37, which was originally in the gray water on one side of the skateboard 32, begins to move upward. At the same time, the moving plate 34 moves downward under the pull of the wrapping block 35. During the downward movement of the moving plate 34, it pulls the connecting plate 343 connected to the sliding rod 342 on one side of the connecting column 341, causing the connecting plate 343 to move together.

[0054] As the connecting plate 343 moves, the guide rod 345 connected to the extension column 344 on one side will move along the guide groove 33. After moving a certain distance, under the guidance of the guide groove 33, the guide rod 345 pulls the extension column 344, which in turn causes the extension column 344 to pull the connecting plate 343 and the placement box 37 on one side to retract inward, thereby avoiding the normally sliding slide plate 32.

[0055] After the sliding plate 32 and the moving plate 34 are separated, the guide rod 345 continues to move along the guide groove 33 and pushes the connecting plate 343 connected to the extension column 344, so that the connecting plate 343 drives the placement box 37 to move outward. Then the placement box 37 continues to descend and enters the sewage. The replacement of the suspended solids packing in the grey water is completed by alternating up and down. In this way, the high efficiency of the suspended solids packing is maintained without interrupting the sewage treatment process, ensuring the stable operation of the pretreatment system and extending the service life of the entire process. At the same time, by replacing the suspended solids packing in a timely manner, the impact of the old suspended solids packing on the sewage flow caused by its own reduced treatment capacity, pore blockage and surface pollution is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the overall treatment efficiency. This avoids the negative impact of the failed packing on the overall effect of the grey water pretreatment process and ensures that the pretreatment process is in a state of high efficiency for a long time.

[0056] The old suspended solids packing material in the rising placement box 37 is removed by workers from the inspection well 12 and replaced with new suspended solids packing material made of composite sponge iron and polyurethane carrier, thereby ensuring that the packing material can continuously and effectively treat sewage.

[0057] Working principle: Domestic grey water enters the treatment tank 11 through the inlet 21. The basket grid 222 on the horizontal plate 22 intercepts large-volume impurities. The intercepted grey water flows into the bottom of the treatment tank 11 through the opening of the basket grid 222. After long-term interception, the sludge accumulated at the bottom is discharged through the sludge pump and the sludge pipe 232 to prevent impurities from clogging the tank.

[0058] After the grey water reaches the bottom, it flows along the flow channel 231 to the oil-water separating inclined plate 235. The oil-water separating inclined plate 235 increases the oil-water separation contact area, causing the floating oil to rise and gather quickly, flowing into the skimming channel 233, and then flowing out of the treatment box 11 through the guide pipe 234. This efficiently separates the floating oil components, avoids subsequent grease accumulation, and ensures a smooth pretreatment process.

[0059] After being treated by the oil-water separator 235, the greywater flows through the perforated plate 241 into the space between two closed blocks 242. The suspended solids packing material, composed of composite sponge iron and a polyurethane carrier, placed on top of the perforated plate 241, plays a crucial role. The sponge iron, a porous metallic material with a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, can capture suspended solids, colloidal particles, and some dissolved organic matter in the wastewater through physical adsorption. Its iron ions react with phosphate ions to form insoluble iron phosphate precipitates, effectively removing phosphorus. Its surface electrochemical activity can adsorb heavy metal ions and other charged pollutants, and its oxidation-reduction properties can degrade some organic matter, reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Furthermore, it exhibits strong resistance to shock loads related to influent flow rate and total phosphorus concentration, enabling stable phosphorus removal under different water qualities. The polyurethane carrier, with its porous structure and high specific surface area, provides a favorable environment for microbial attachment and growth, forming a biofilm on its surface. The microbial metabolic degradation process degrades organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater. The porous structure facilitates microbial reproduction and growth, increasing the amount of microorganisms in the biofilm. It also improves the biofilm structure and permeability, enhances microbial activity, and strengthens the pollutant degradation capacity. In the reactor, it can cut and block bubbles, increase bubble residence time and gas-liquid contact surface area, improve mass transfer efficiency, provide sufficient oxygen for microorganisms, and promote metabolic activities. The synergistic effect of the packing material, combined with its physical adsorption, chemical catalysis, and microbial degradation functions, deeply treats the residual recalcitrant organic matter and colloidal impurities in wastewater, significantly improves the degradation efficiency of recalcitrant pollutants, avoids siltation in subsequent stages, reduces the treatment load of subsequent soil infiltration systems, and ensures the stable operation of the overall process. The treated greywater flows through the effluent pipe 25 and finally flows into the effluent channel 26, and then flows out through the effluent outlet 27.

[0060] However, suspended solids packing materials made of composite sponge iron and polyurethane carrier will encounter problems after prolonged use. The polyurethane carrier, constantly subjected to wastewater erosion and the adhesion of extracellular polymers produced by microbial metabolism, will experience pore blockage, structural deformation, reduced microbial attachment space, and decreased biofilm activity. The sponge iron, participating in redox reactions for an extended period, will gradually deplete, reducing its catalytic activity and decreasing the degradation efficiency of difficult-to-decompose organic matter. Therefore, the packing material needs to be replaced or cleaned after a period of use.

[0061] The specific replacement operation procedure is as follows: Start the servo motor 361, drive the rotating rod 362 to rotate, which drives the pulley 363 and belt 364 for transmission. When the belt 364 moves, it pulls the slide plate 32 and the moving plate 34 in opposite directions through the wrapping block 35. The placement box 37, which was originally in the gray water on one side of the slide plate 32, moves upward, and the moving plate 34 moves downward under the pull of the wrapping block 35, pulling the connecting plate 343 connected to the sliding rod 342 on one side of the connecting column 341 to move together. When the connecting plate 343 moves, the guide rod 345 connected to the extension column 344 on one side moves along the guide groove 33. After moving a certain distance, Guided by the guide groove 33, the guide rod 345 pulls the extension column 344, causing the extension column 344 to pull the connecting plate 343 and the placement box 37 on one side to retract inward, avoiding the normally sliding slide plate 32. After the slide plate 32 and the moving plate 34 are separated, the guide rod 345 continues to move along the guide groove 33, pushing the connecting plate 343 connected to the extension column 344, causing the connecting plate 343 to move the placement box 37 outward. Then the placement box 37 continues to descend into the sewage, completing the replacement of the old and new packing materials. The old packing material in the rising placement box 37 is taken out by the worker from the inspection well 12 and replaced with new packing material to ensure continuous and effective sewage treatment.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who makes equivalent substitutions or modifications to the high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag and oil in rural areas and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater, comprising a treatment tank (11) and an inspection well (12) and an observation hole (13) connected to the treatment tank (11), characterized in that, Also includes: Processing component (20) and adjustment component (30) are located inside the processing box (11); The treatment assembly (20) includes an inlet (21) installed on the outer periphery of the treatment tank (11), a horizontal plate (22) and an inclined plate (221) fixed on the inner wall of the treatment tank (11), a basket grille (222) slidably connected inside the horizontal plate (22), a support plate (23) fixed close to the inclined plate (221) on the inner wall of the treatment tank (11), a flow channel (231) left between the support plate (23) and the basket grille (222), a partition plate (24) fixed on the inner wall of the treatment tank (11), an oil separator connected between the partition plate (24) and the support plate (23), a perforated plate (241) fixed at the bottom of the perforated plate (241), a sealing block (242) installed on the perforated plate (241), a suspended filler filling between the two sealing blocks (242), and a water outlet connected to one side of the partition plate (24). Grey water enters the treatment tank (11) through the inlet (21), and after being filtered by the basket grid (222), the sewage flows along the flow channel (231) and is separated from the floating oil in the sewage by the oil separator. The separated sewage flows along the perforated plate (241) and is degraded by the suspended solids filler.

2. The high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material inside the suspended filler is a composite sponge iron and a polyurethane carrier.

3. The high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing box (11) is equipped with several mud suction pipes (232), which are located in the flow channel (231) between the support plate (23) and the inclined plate (221).

4. The high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil separator includes an oil separator inclined plate (235) connected between the support plate (23) and the partition plate (24). An oil skimming channel (233) is fixed on one side of the partition plate (24), and an oil skimming pipe (234) extending out of the treatment box (11) is connected to one side of the oil skimming channel (233).

5. A high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water outlet includes a water outlet pipe (25) installed on one side of the partition (24), a water outlet channel (26) fixed on the inner wall of the treatment tank (11), and a water outlet (27) installed on the side of the treatment tank (11) away from the water inlet (21).

6. The high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (30) includes a connecting frame (31) fixed on the closed block (242), a connecting plate (311) fixed on one side of the connecting frame (31), a slide rail (312) fixed on one side of both the connecting plate (311) and the connecting frame (31), and a sliding plate (32) slidably connected to one side of the connecting frame (31) via the slide rail (312).

7. A high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide groove (33) is provided on one side of the connecting plate (311). The connecting plate (311) is slidably connected to a movable plate (34) via a slide rail (312). A connecting column (341) is fixed on one side of the movable plate (34). A sliding rod (342) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting column (341). The connecting column (341) extends out from one side of the sliding rod (342) and connects to the connecting plate (343). An extension column (344) passing through the movable plate (34) is connected to one side of the connecting plate (343). A guide rod (345) that contacts the guide groove (33) is connected to the outer periphery of the extension column (344).

8. A high-efficiency integrated pretreatment device for separating ash water, slag, and oil in rural domestic wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that, A fixed frame (36) is fixed on one side of the connecting frame (31), and a servo motor (361) is installed on one side of the fixed frame (36). Two rotating rods (362) that are far apart from each other are rotatably connected on one side of the connecting frame (31). A pulley (363) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating rod (362). The two pulleys (363) are connected to each other by a belt (364). The output end of the servo motor (361) passes through the fixed frame (36) and is connected to the rotating rod (362). The slide plate (32) and the moving plate (34) are connected to the belt (364) by a wrapping block (35). A placement box (37) is connected to one side of the moving plate (34) and the connecting plate (343).

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