Star and spectrum adjustable static star simulation system for deep space exploration

Abstract

The application provides a star magnitude and spectrum adjustable static star simulation system for deep space exploration, relates to the field of optical testing and calibration technology, and solves the problem of uneven light spectrum distribution of a light source. The application comprises an electric light source, a waveband light intensity controller, a light homogenizing device and a star magnitude controller connected in sequence along a main light path. The spectrum range of the electric light source is 350nm-950nm to meet the requirement of deep space exploration, and the electric light source is a double light source with a xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp. The electric light source adopts the xenon lamp as the system light source in the 350nm-600nm waveband and adopts the halogen tungsten lamp as the system light source in the 600nm-950nm waveband, so that the light source spectrum distribution is sufficient and relatively smooth and uniform in the full waveband range of 350nm-950nm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical testing and calibration technology, specifically to a static star simulation system with adjustable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the scope of human aviation activities has expanded from near-Earth space to distant deep space. Accurate attitude measurement is fundamental for satellites, manned spacecraft, and other space vehicles to complete space missions, making the acquisition of flight attitude parameters crucial. Star sensors are the preferred method for target attitude measurement in deep space exploration. One of the key technologies for achieving accurate deep-space attitude measurement with star sensors is the calibration of their various parameters in a ground-based laboratory environment. This requires simulating a light source in a ground-based laboratory environment that is nearly identical to a real star in terms of spectral composition, color temperature, magnitude, and geometric characteristics. This is the task that static star simulation systems need to accomplish. Static star simulation technology does not require simulating multiple star points in a ground-based laboratory and has relatively low real-time requirements, but it demands extremely high accuracy in simulating star point light sources. The accuracy of the static star simulation system in simulating stellar light sources directly limits the attitude measurement and navigation accuracy of the star sensor, thus affecting the execution effect and accuracy of deep space exploration missions.

[0003] In a related static star simulation system, CN110823387A discloses a method for adjusting the bands of a color temperature spectrum simulator based on the principle of combining multiple narrowband wavelengths. This method uses a xenon lamp as the light source. The light emitted from the lamp is split through a 1-in-13-out optical fiber to a band intensity control unit array. This array consists of 13 band intensity control units with bandpass filters and electrically controlled apertures, each with a different spectral band. The 13 bandpass filters have a center wavelength spacing of 50nm (350nm, 400nm, 450nm, ... 950nm) and a bandwidth of 50nm, resulting in multiple output lights (displayed as different colors) with adjustable power (adjusted by the electrically controlled aperture). These output lights are then combined through a 13-in-1-out optical fiber and fed into a hexagonal prism integrating rod for uniform mixing, resulting in a uniform light output with the desired stellar color temperature spectral composition distribution, thus simulating the stellar color temperature spectrum. The xenon lamp used in this method exhibits spectral variations in wavelengths greater than 600nm. Figure 2 The continuous jumps in the spectral lines exhibited by the light source indicate significant fluctuations in light intensity, resulting in an uneven and non-uniform spectral distribution across the entire wavelength range of 350nm-950nm. While an infrared attenuation filter can be added in front of the xenon lamp to flatten the spectrum, this complicates the system structure and reduces the luminous efficiency of the light source. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to design a static star simulation system with adjustable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration, in order to solve the problem of insufficient smoothness and uniformity of the light source spectral distribution.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses a static star simulation system with adjustable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration, comprising an electric light source, a band light intensity controller, and a light homogenizing device connected sequentially along the main optical path; the electric light source has a spectral range of 350nm-950nm and is equipped with a xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp that can be selectively turned on as the system light source; wherein, when the system light source is used to output uniform light with a spectral energy peak value in the 350nm-600nm band range through the light homogenizing device, the system light source is a xenon lamp, and when the system light source is used to output uniform light with a spectral energy peak value in the 600nm-950nm band range through the light homogenizing device, the system light source is a halogen tungsten lamp.

[0007] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following structure is specifically adopted: the band light intensity controller includes a single-input multi-output fiber bundle, multiple processing subunits, and a multi-input single-output fiber bundle; the output end of the electric light source is connected to the input end of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle, the output end of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle is connected one-to-one to the input end of all the processing subunits, the output end of all the processing subunits is connected one-to-one to the input end of the multi-input single-output fiber bundle, and the output end of the multi-input single-output fiber bundle is connected to the input end of the light homogenizing device.

[0008] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following structure is specifically adopted: the processing subunit includes a first incident fiber coupler, a first collimating lens, a first motorized aperture, a bandpass filter, a first beam splitter, a first converging lens, and a first exit fiber coupler arranged sequentially along the main optical path; the first motorized aperture is electrically connected to a first control board for controlling its aperture size; a first photodiode is provided at the monitoring optical path of the first beam splitter; the first photodiode is electrically connected to the first control board for feeding back a light intensity signal, and the first control board is used to control the aperture size of the first motorized aperture to finely adjust according to the light intensity signal; the center wavelengths of the bandpass filters in all the processing subunits are sequentially and uniformly distributed in the band range of 350nm-950nm, wherein the center wavelengths of two bandpass filters are 350nm and 950nm, respectively; in the same processing subunit, the center wavelength of the first beam splitter is the same as the center wavelength of the bandpass filter.

[0009] To further improve the implementation of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: 13 processing sub-units are provided, and the center wavelengths of all the bandpass filters are uniformly distributed at 50nm intervals.

[0010] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: all the bandpass filters include two types of bandpass filters with a half-wavelength of 40nm and 80nm, and the bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 40nm and the bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 80nm are alternately arranged in the wavelength range of 350nm-950nm, and the half-wavelength of the bandpass filter with a center wavelength of 350nm is 40nm.

[0011] To further improve the implementation of the present invention, the following configuration is adopted: the beam splitting ratio of the first beam splitter is 90:10.

[0012] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the light homogenizing device includes a hexagonal prism integrating rod and a frosted glass arranged sequentially along the main optical path, the incident end of the frosted glass is connected to the exit end of the hexagonal prism integrating rod, and the incident end of the hexagonal prism integrating rod is connected to the exit end of the multi-input one-output optical fiber bundle.

[0013] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: it further includes a magnitude controller disposed downstream of the beam homogenizing device along the main optical path. The magnitude controller includes a second incident fiber optic coupler, a second collimating lens, a second motorized aperture, a third converging lens, and a second exit fiber optic coupler disposed sequentially along the main optical path. The second motorized aperture is electrically connected to a second control board for controlling the size of its adjustment aperture.

[0014] To further improve the implementation of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the aperture of the second electric aperture is adjustable in the range of φ1.5mm-φ23mm.

[0015] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the magnitude controller further includes a mirror attenuation array disposed along the main optical path between the second motorized aperture and the third converging lens; the mirror attenuation array includes at least two mirrors with different reflectivities arranged in an array; the mirror attenuation array is connected to a driving device, the driving device is connected to the second control board, and the second control board is used to drive the mirror attenuation array to move through the driving device, so as to selectively move all the mirrors into the main optical path.

[0016] To further improve the implementation of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the reflector attenuation array includes a first reflector, a second reflector, and a third reflector with reflectivities of 1%, 10%, and 100%, respectively.

[0017] To further improve the implementation of this invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the magnitude controller further includes a second beam splitter disposed along the main optical path between the second motorized aperture and the reflector attenuation array; a second photocell is disposed at the monitoring optical path of the second beam splitter, the second photocell is electrically connected to the second control board for feedback of light intensity signal, and the second control board is used to control the aperture size of the second motorized aperture according to the light intensity signal.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] In this invention, the electric light source is configured as a dual-source system with both a xenon lamp and a halogen lamp. The spectral range of this dual-source system covers the 350nm-950nm band, effectively meeting the needs of deep space exploration. This electric light source uses a xenon lamp as the system light source in the 350nm-600nm band and a halogen lamp in the 600nm-950nm band, ensuring sufficient illumination intensity and a relatively smooth and uniform spectral distribution across the entire 350nm-950nm band. Furthermore, the 600nm wavelength serves as the switching threshold for both the xenon and halogen lamps, eliminating the need for spectral jumps in the light source's spectral region. This eliminates the need for an infrared attenuation filter before the xenon lamp to flatten the power distribution in the emission spectrum, simplifying the structure of the electric light source or the entire system and resulting in higher luminous efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a general structural diagram of a static star simulation system with adjustable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emission spectrum of a xenon lamp;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the emission spectrum of a halogen tungsten lamp;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of spectral fitting using bandpass filters with a half-wavelength of 40nm.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of spectral fitting using bandpass filters with a half-wavewidth of 50nm.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of spectral fitting using bandpass filters with half-wavelengths of 40nm and 80nm;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the processing subunit of a band light intensity controller;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a magnitude controller.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a reflector attenuation array structure;

[0030] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of a reflector attenuation array, showing the case where a first reflector is used;

[0031] Figure 11 It shows Figure 10 The diagram shows the case where the mirror attenuation array uses a second mirror.

[0032] Figure 12 It shows Figure 10 The diagram shows the case where the attenuation array uses a third mirror.

[0033] Figure 13 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the reflectors in the reflector attenuation array shown;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 2600K;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 3100K;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 3600K;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 4300K;

[0038] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 5000K;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 5500K;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 6000K;

[0041] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 6800K;

[0042] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve simulating a color temperature of 7600K;

[0043] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral fitting curve for simulating a color temperature of 9800K.

[0044] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0045] 10. Industrial control computer; 20. Electrical cabinet;

[0046] 30. Electric light source;

[0047] 40. Bandwidth optical intensity controller; 41. One-in-many-out fiber optic bundle; 42. Processing subunit; 421. First incident fiber optic coupler; 422. First collimating lens; 423. First motorized aperture; 4231. First adjustable aperture; 4232. First stepper motor; 4233. First code disk; 424. Bandpass filter; 425. First beam splitter; 426. First converging lens; 427. First exit-end fiber optic coupler; 428. First control board; 429. First photovoltaic cell; 43. Multiple-in-one-out fiber optic bundle;

[0048] 50. Beam homogenizer; 51. Hexagonal prism integrating rod; 52. Frosted glass;

[0049] 60. Magnitude controller; 61. Second incident fiber optic coupler; 62. Second collimating lens; 63. Second motorized aperture; 631. Second adjustable aperture; 632. Second stepper motor; 633. Second code disk; 64. Second beam splitter; 65. Mirror attenuation array; 651. First mirror; 652. Second mirror; 653. Third mirror; 654. Mirror frame; 655. Mirror surface; 656. Entrance aperture; 657. Exit aperture; 66. Third converging lens; 67. Second exit fiber optic coupler; 68. Second control board; 69. Second photovoltaic cell; 610. Drive unit;

[0050] 70. Power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0053] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In recent years, with the continuous development of deep space exploration technology, star sensors used to measure the position and attitude data of spacecraft in a space inertial coordinate system have been widely used. Therefore, as a key link in their ground calibration, the performance requirements for star light source simulation technology are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0056] In summary, this invention discloses a static star simulation system that can be used for deep space exploration, capable of adjusting star magnitude and spectrum. The static star simulation system disclosed in this invention provides an overall design scheme, studies the specific implementation methods of the system, and designs the specific structures of important system components such as the electric light source 30, the band light intensity controller 40, the light homogenizing device 50, and the star magnitude controller 60.

[0057] To verify the effect, an experimental platform was built and simulation tests were conducted. The experimental results show that the system can simulate a light source spectrum range of 350nm-950nm, with a uniform and smooth spectral distribution and good luminous intensity in each band; it can simulate a wide range of color temperatures, and the relative intensity error is better than ±0.1.

[0058] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 13 The present application provides a detailed description of the magnitude and spectral tunable static star simulation system for deep space exploration through various specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0059] This invention discloses a static star simulation system (hereinafter referred to as the system) with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration. The output light source spectrum is 350nm-950nm, and the spectrum is smooth and uniform with good light intensity in each band. Figure 1 As shown, it is specifically configured with the following structure:

[0060] The system employs a design concept of "mixing light – splitting light – recombining light". For example... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an electric light source 30, a band light intensity controller 40, and a light homogenizing device 50. The electric light source 30, the band light intensity controller 40, and the light homogenizing device 50 are arranged sequentially along the main optical path and connected by devices for transmitting light, including optical fibers, so that light can be smoothly output along the optical path after being emitted from the electric light source 30.

[0061] The electric light source 30 is configured as a dual-light source device, comprising a xenon lamp and a halogen lamp, both independently designed and capable of emitting light separately. The electric light source 30 can be activated by controlling its start switch to provide the necessary electrical energy. The system can switch between the xenon lamp and the halogen lamp to select the appropriate light source for the system. The spectral range of the mixed light emitted by both the xenon lamp and the halogen lamp covers 350nm-950nm.

[0062] The band intensity controller 40 can split the mixed light emitted by the electric light source 30 into multiple sub-beams. Each sub-beam is transmitted separately through a sub-optical path, which is equipped with an electric aperture and a bandpass filter that allows light to pass through a specific spectral band. The power of each sub-beam can be adjusted by the electric aperture to obtain sub-beams with different narrowband spectra and adjustable light intensity. These sub-beams are mixed in the band intensity controller 40 and output as mixed-color light.

[0063] The light homogenizing device 50 is used to receive the mixed light output from the band light intensity controller 40, and output uniform light after the light is mixed evenly in it.

[0064] The basic workflow of the system is as follows: the electric light source 30 is turned on, and the corresponding system light source is selected as needed to emit mixed light. The mixed light enters the band light intensity controller 40, and is first split into multiple beams of light with different light intensities and different narrowband spectra (which are manifested as narrowband colored light of different colors) by the band light intensity controller 40. Then, these beams of light are mixed into mixed light before entering the light homogenizing device 50. The mixed light then enters the light homogenizing device 50, is mixed evenly, and is output as uniform light.

[0065] The band intensity controller 40 can change the composition of each sub-ray in the mixed light by individually adjusting the intensity of different sub-rays until the spectrum of the mixed light is consistent with the spectrum of the real star to be simulated, thereby simulating different color temperatures of a standard stellar light source. The band intensity controller 40 can also adjust the simulated magnitude range by adjusting the intensity of each sub-ray.

[0066] The system is equipped with a power module 70, which provides necessary power to various electrical devices or components in the system, such as providing necessary power to the electric light source 30.

[0067] In this embodiment, the electric light source 30 can selectively turn on either a xenon lamp or a halogen tungsten lamp to emit mixed light as the system light source. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that within the 350nm-600nm wavelength range, the spectral distribution of xenon lamps is relatively smooth and the light intensity is strong. However, in the wavelength range above 600nm, the xenon lamp spectrum exhibits continuous jumps in spectral lines, resulting in significant fluctuations in light intensity. In contrast, halogen tungsten lamps have insufficient light intensity in wavelengths below 600nm, but their spectrum rises slowly and smoothly within the 600nm-950nm wavelength range. Based on these spectral characteristics, this system is used to output uniform light with spectral energy peaks in the 350nm-600nm wavelength range via a homogenizing device 50 to simulate high-temperature stellar light sources in the 350nm-600nm wavelength range, with the system light source being a xenon lamp. The system is also used to output uniform light with spectral energy peaks in the 600nm-950nm wavelength range via a homogenizing device 50 to simulate low-temperature stellar light sources in the 600nm-950nm wavelength range, with the system light source being a halogen tungsten lamp. Specifically, when the peak energy of the simulated stellar light source is 600 nm, the system light source can be a xenon lamp. Only when the peak energy of the simulated stellar light source is greater than 600 nm will a halogen tungsten lamp be used instead of a xenon lamp as the system light source. Conversely, when the peak energy of the simulated stellar light source is 600 nm, the system light source can also be a halogen tungsten lamp. Only when the peak energy of the simulated stellar light source is less than 600 nm will a xenon lamp be used as the system light source.

[0068] The system's electric light source 30 is configured as a dual-light source, simultaneously equipped with a xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp. This allows the system to simulate stellar light sources with a spectrum covering the 350nm-950nm band, spanning the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regions. Compared to traditional halogen lamps or LED lamps, the spectral coverage is significantly expanded, effectively meeting the needs of deep space exploration. The electric light source 30 uses a xenon lamp as the system's light source when simulating stellar light sources with peak spectral energy in the 350nm-600nm band, and a halogen tungsten lamp when simulating stellar light sources with peak spectral energy in the 600nm-950nm band. This ensures sufficient illumination intensity and a relatively smooth and uniform spectral distribution across the entire 350nm-950nm band, resulting in a broad and flat simulated stellar light source that more realistically mimics stellar light sources.

[0069] The system adjusts the light intensity of the sub-light rays passing through the sub-light path through the band light intensity controller 40, which can obtain narrowband colored light with different light intensities. After all the sub-light rays are mixed, mixed colored light with multiple light intensities and color temperatures can be obtained.

[0070] The 600nm wavelength serves as the threshold for the opening of xenon lamps and halogen tungsten lamps, ensuring that there are no skipped spectral lines in the light source's spectral region. Therefore, it is not necessary to install an infrared attenuation filter in front of the xenon lamp to flatten the power distribution in the emission spectral region, which simplifies the structure of the electric light source 30 or the entire system structure and results in higher luminous efficiency of the light source.

[0071] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the band light intensity controller 40 of the system includes a single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41, a processing subunit 42, and a multi-input single-output fiber bundle 43 arranged sequentially along the main optical path. Multiple processing subunits 42 are provided. The output end of the electric light source 30 is connected to the input end of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41. The output ends of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41 are connected one-to-one to the input ends of all processing subunits 42. The output ends of all processing subunits 42 are connected one-to-one to the input ends of the multi-input single-output fiber bundles 43, forming multiple parallel sub-optical paths. The output end of the multi-input single-output fiber bundle 43 is connected to the input end of the light homogenizing device 50.

[0072] The processing subunit 42 is equipped with an electric aperture and a bandpass filter 424. Each processing subunit 42 has a different center wavelength for its bandpass filter 424, and the center wavelengths of all the bandpass filters 424 in the processing subunit 42 are uniformly distributed within the 350nm-950nm wavelength range. This allows the mixed light emitted from the electric light source 30 to be split by the single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41 and then passed through the corresponding processing subunit 42 to obtain multiple narrowband colored lights uniformly distributed within the 350nm-950nm wavelength range.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, the processing subunit 42 includes a first incident fiber coupler 421, a first collimating lens 422, a first motorized aperture 423, a bandpass filter 424, a first converging lens 426, and a first exit fiber coupler 427, arranged sequentially along the main optical path. A single processing subunit 42 is connected to one of the exit ends of a one-in-many-out fiber bundle 41 through the incident end of the first incident fiber coupler 421. Simultaneously, all processing subunits 42 are connected one-to-one to all exit ends of the one-in-many-out fiber bundle 41 through their respective first incident fiber couplers 421. Similarly, a single processing subunit 42 is connected to one of the incident ends of a multi-in-one-out fiber bundle 43 through the first exit fiber coupler 427. Again, all processing subunits 42 are connected one-to-one to all incident ends of the multi-in-one-out fiber bundle 43 through their respective first exit fiber couplers 427. The band light intensity controller 40 is connected sequentially along the main optical path through a single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41, multiple processing sub-units 42 and a multi-input single-output fiber bundle 43 to obtain multiple parallel sub-optical paths. Each sub-optical path can individually adjust the light intensity of one of the multiple sub-light rays split from the single-input multi-output fiber bundle 41 through the first motorized aperture 423, and can individually filter the sub-light rays through the bandpass filter 424 to obtain narrowband color light of a certain intensity.

[0074] The center wavelengths of the bandpass filters 424 in all processing subunits 42 are uniformly distributed sequentially within the band range of 350nm-950nm, and the center wavelengths of two of the bandpass filters 424 are 350nm and 950nm, respectively.

[0075] The first motorized aperture 423 can control its aperture size as needed, thereby adjusting the intensity of the transmitted light. The first motorized aperture 423 is electrically connected to the first control board 428, which receives commands from the industrial computer 10 or controls the operation of the first motorized aperture 423 to adjust the aperture size according to a preset program. Specifically, for example... Figure 7 As shown, the first electric aperture 423 includes a first adjustable aperture 4231, a first stepper motor 4232, and a first encoder 4233. The first stepper motor 4232 is connected to the adjustable portion of the first adjustable aperture 4231. A first control board 428 is connected to the first stepper motor 4232 to control the first stepper motor 4232 to drive the first adjustable aperture 4231 to adjust the aperture. The first encoder 4233 is mounted on the motor shaft of the first stepper motor 4232 to monitor the rotation angle of the motor shaft. The first control board 428 is connected to the first encoder 4233 and monitors whether the aperture of the first adjustable aperture 4231 is adjusted to the correct position through the feedback signal of the first encoder 4233, or transmits the feedback signal of the first encoder 4233 to the industrial control computer 10.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the processing subunit 42 includes, in addition to the first incident fiber coupler 421, first collimating lens 422, first motorized aperture 423, bandpass filter 424, first converging lens 426, and first exit fiber coupler 427 arranged sequentially along the main optical path, a first beam splitter 425 and a first photodiode 429. The first beam splitter 425 is arranged along the main optical path and located between the bandpass filter 424 and the first converging lens 426. The first photodiode 429 is located at the monitoring optical path of the first beam splitter 425. The function of the first beam splitter 425 is to allow a certain proportion of light to pass through while allowing a portion of the light to be reflected onto the monitoring optical path; this reflected light is used as the monitoring light. The first photodiode 429 is electrically connected to the first control board 428 to provide feedback on the intensity of the monitoring light split by the first beam splitter 425 onto the monitoring optical path, and to convert the light intensity into a light intensity signal and transmit it to the first control board 428 as a basis for judging the light intensity of the main optical path.

[0077] In this embodiment, in each processing subunit 42 of the band light intensity controller 40, the first motorized aperture 423 of each channel uses the combined adjustment effect of "code disk + closed-loop feedback optical path", so that the first motorized aperture 423 has two adjustment processes: coarse adjustment and fine adjustment. Figure 7 As shown, the first control board 428, based on received instructions or a preset program and feedback from the first code disk 4233, controls the first stepper motor 4232 to quickly and significantly coarsely adjust the first adjustable aperture 4231, adjusting its aperture to approximately the desired size to achieve "coarse adjustment" of the narrowband color light intensity. Then, the first control board 428 can further control the first stepper motor 4232 to finely adjust the first adjustable aperture 4231 based on the light intensity signal, achieving "fine adjustment" of the narrowband color light intensity, allowing the aperture of the first adjustable aperture 4231 to be precisely adjusted to the required size. This not only significantly reduces the light intensity search range but also ensures the adjustment accuracy of the light intensity, making the adjustment of the first motorized aperture 423 fast and precise.

[0078] Compared to a scheme that uses only a code disk to adjust the aperture, the "code disk + closed-loop feedback optical path" adjustment scheme used in this embodiment, while slightly slower in response speed, offers higher adjustment precision. Furthermore, compared to a scheme that uses only a "closed-loop feedback optical path" to adjust the aperture, the "code disk + closed-loop feedback optical path" scheme used in this embodiment has a faster response speed and avoids the problem of delayed light intensity feedback due to excessive adjustment time.

[0079] For example, the first beam splitter 425 is configured as a 10% beam splitter with a beam splitting ratio of 90:10.

[0080] For example, the first beam splitter 425 is configured as a 5% beam splitter with a beam splitting ratio of 95:5.

[0081] According to some optional embodiments, the band intensity controller 40 has 13 processing subunits 42. In all processing subunits 42, the center wavelengths of all bandpass filters 424 are uniformly distributed within the 350nm-950nm band and spaced 50nm apart, with the center wavelengths of two bandpass filters 424 being 350nm and 950nm respectively. Within the same processing subunit 42, the center wavelength of the first beam splitter 425 is the same as the center wavelength of the bandpass filter 424.

[0082] One crucial factor affecting the final color temperature simulation is the bandwidth of the spectral distribution of the narrowband colored light generated by the 13 processing sub-units 42. Although the center wavelengths of the bandpass filters 424 in the 13 processing sub-units 42 are set every 50nm, the filtering widths of the bandpass filters 424 are different (the bandwidth of each narrowband colored light is the filtering width of each bandpass filter 424). This will significantly affect the accuracy of the final color temperature simulation, making the selection of the filtering width of the bandpass filters 424 particularly important.

[0083] In some embodiments, all bandpass filters 424 include two types of bandpass filters 424 with half-wavelengths of 40 nm and 80 nm. (See reference...) Figure 6 Within the 350nm-950nm wavelength range, bandpass filters 424 with a half-wavelength of 40nm and 424 with a half-wavelength of 80nm are alternately arranged. Specifically, the half-wavelength of the bandpass filter 424 with a center wavelength of 350nm is set to 40nm; the half-wavelength of the bandpass filter 424 with a center wavelength of 950nm is 80nm. Figure 6 In order to facilitate the differentiation of the transmission spectrum curves of bandpass filters 424 with different half-wavewidths, the blue curve represents the transmission spectrum curve of bandpass filter 424 with a half-wavewidth of 40nm, and the green curve represents the transmission spectrum curve of bandpass filter 424 with a half-wavewidth of 80nm.

[0084] Taking the simulated color temperature spectrum fitting curve of 5500K as an example, refer to Figures 4-6 , Figure 4 The image uses a bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 40 nm. The comparison between its fitted curve (red curve) and the standard target curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 5 A bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 50 nm is used. The comparison between its fitted curve (red curve) and the target curve is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 6 Two bandpass filters, 40nm and 80nm, were used in combination. The comparison between their fitted curve (red curve) and the target curve is as follows: Figure 6As shown in the figure. It is intuitively clear that when using a bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 40nm for fitting, no fitting curve is generated after 600nm; when using a bandpass filter with a half-wavelength of 50nm, no fitting curve is generated in the 600nm to 850nm band range; when using a combination of bandpass filters 424 with half-wavelengths of 40nm and 80nm, the simulated fitting curve is closest to the target curve, and the simulation results are the best.

[0085] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the band light intensity controller 40 is equipped with a third converging lens, which is located on the monitoring optical path of the first beam splitter 425 and upstream of the first photovoltaic cell 429.

[0086] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the homogenizing device 50 includes a hexagonal integrating rod 51 and a frosted glass 52 arranged sequentially along the main optical path. The incident end of the frosted glass 52 is connected to the exit end of the hexagonal integrating rod 51, and the incident end of the hexagonal integrating rod 51 is connected to the exit end of the multi-input, one-output fiber bundle 43. The homogenizing device 50 of this embodiment combines the hexagonal integrating rod 51 and the frosted glass 52. After the frosted glass 52 is added to the hexagonal integrating rod 51, it can eliminate the homogenizing defect of small bright spots easily forming on the exit end face of the hexagonal integrating rod at a low cost, further homogenizing the mixed light without affecting the intensity of the mixed light. Compared with homogenizing schemes using a single large integrating sphere, the homogenizing device 50 of this embodiment has less fiber attenuation and can better meet the requirements of star magnitude adjustment. Compared with homogenizing schemes using two small integrating spheres in series, the homogenizing device 50 of this embodiment has the advantages of smaller size, lower cost, and economy.

[0087] If the light intensity of each sub-ray is adjusted solely by the band intensity controller 40, the color temperature and magnitude simulation results will interfere with each other, thus affecting the realism of the stellar simulation. To prevent the color temperature and magnitude simulation results from interfering with each other when adjusting the magnitude, a magnitude controller 60 can be added to the system.

[0088] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, in addition to the electric light source 30, the band light intensity controller 40 and the light homogenizing device 50 arranged sequentially along the main optical path, the system also has a magnitude controller 60. The magnitude controller 60 is arranged along the main optical path and is located downstream of the light homogenizing device 50. It is mainly used to greatly adjust the light intensity, thereby adjusting the magnitude over a wide range.

[0089] The magnitude controller 60 simulates different magnitudes of a standard stellar light source by adjusting the overall light intensity of the uniform light output from the homogenizing device 50. The magnitude controller 60 includes a second incident fiber optic coupler 61, a second collimating lens 62, a second motorized aperture 63, a third converging lens 66, and a second exit fiber optic coupler 67 arranged sequentially along the main optical path.

[0090] The second motorized aperture 63 can control its aperture size as needed, thereby adjusting the light intensity of the passing light. The second motorized aperture 63 is electrically connected to the second control board 68, which is used to receive instructions from the industrial computer 10 or control the operation of the second motorized aperture 63 to adjust the aperture size according to a preset program.

[0091] In this embodiment, a magnitude controller 60 is added to the system. The second motorized aperture 63 set in the magnitude controller 60 can attenuate light of all wavelengths proportionally, so that the color temperature of the output simulated light and the magnitude simulation results do not interfere with each other and can be adjusted in real time.

[0092] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second motorized aperture 63 includes a second adjustable aperture 631, a second stepper motor 632, and a second code disk 633, and its arrangement structure is similar to... Figure 7 The first electric aperture 423 shown has the same configuration structure. The second stepper motor 632 is connected to the adjustable part of the second adjustable aperture 631. The second control board 68 is connected to the second stepper motor 632 to control the second stepper motor 632 to drive the second adjustable aperture 631 to adjust the aperture. The second encoder 633 is mounted on the motor shaft of the second stepper motor 632 to monitor the rotation angle of the motor shaft. The second control board 68 is connected to the second encoder 633 and monitors whether the aperture of the second adjustable aperture 631 is adjusted to the correct position through the feedback signal of the second encoder 633 or transmits the feedback signal of the second encoder 633 to the industrial control computer 10.

[0093] In some embodiments, the aperture of the second motorized aperture 63 is adjustable from φ1.5mm to φ23mm. Based on the ratio of the light-transmitting area at the minimum aperture to the light-transmitting area at the maximum aperture of the second motorized aperture 63, it can be seen that the light intensity adjustment range of the second motorized aperture 63 is approximately 235 times, which is equivalent to a difference of 235 times between the maximum and minimum light intensities that can be passed.

[0094] Since a difference of one star in magnitude corresponds to a brightness difference of 2.512 times, the second motorized aperture 63, with a minimum aperture of φ1.5mm and a maximum aperture of φ23mm, can achieve an adjustment range of approximately 5.9 magnitudes. This is clearly insufficient for a large-scale adjustment. Therefore, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 8As shown, the magnitude controller 60, in addition to the existing second incident fiber optic coupler 61, second collimating lens 62, second motorized aperture 63, third converging lens 66, and second exiting fiber optic coupler 67, also includes a reflector attenuation array 65. The reflector attenuation array 65 is positioned along the main optical path between the second motorized aperture 63 and the third converging lens 66. Through the reflectors, the reflector attenuation array 65 can attenuate light of all wavelengths proportionally, ensuring that the color temperature of the output simulated light and the magnitude simulation results are independent and adjustable in real time.

[0095] The mirror attenuation array 65 includes at least two mirrors with different reflectivities arranged in an array. The mirror attenuation array 65 is connected to a drive device 610, which is electrically connected to a second control board 68. The second control board 68 drives the mirror attenuation array 65 to move, selectively moving one of the mirrors into the main optical path. The mirror moved into the main optical path reflects light with a reflectivity matching its own towards a third converging lens 66, which then converges and transmits the light to a second output fiber optic coupler 67 to output analog light.

[0096] The drive device 610 has a similar structure to the second stepper motor 632 and the second code disk 633, and includes a third stepper motor and a third code disk. The third code disk is mounted on the motor shaft of the third stepper motor and is electrically connected to the second control board 68 to provide feedback on the rotation angle of the third stepper motor.

[0097] For example, the mirror attenuation array 65 includes two mirrors, one with a reflectivity of 10% and the other with a reflectivity of 100%. (Reference) Figure 9 The two reflectors are mounted on a frame and arranged around the center of the frame. A drive unit 610 is connected to the center of the frame and can move the different reflectors into the main optical path by controlling the frame to rotate around its center. In this example, if the minimum light intensity of light passing through the second motorized aperture 63 is set to I0, the maximum light intensity of light passing through the second motorized aperture 63 is approximately 235I0. The light intensity of light reflected through a reflector with a reflectivity of 10% will be 0.1I0-23.5I0, and the light intensity of light reflected through a reflector with a reflectivity of 100% will be I0-235I0. Therefore, the magnitude controller 60 can output a light intensity range of 0.1I0-235I0, with a difference of 2350 times between the maximum and minimum light intensities, roughly achieving an adjustment range of 8.4 magnitudes.

[0098] As can be seen from the above, using a mirror with 10% reflectivity allows for a narrower intensity modulation range, while using a mirror with 100% reflectivity allows for a wider intensity range, resulting in less refined magnitude simulation. To achieve a more refined magnitude simulation while also considering the complexity of the magnitude controller 60, in some embodiments, the mirror attenuation array 65 includes three mirrors: a first mirror 651 with 1% reflectivity, a second mirror 652 with 10% reflectivity, and a third mirror 653 with 100% reflectivity. The reflected light intensity output by the first mirror 651 ranges from 0.01I0 to 2.35I0, the second mirror 652 ranges from 0.1I0 to 23.5I0, and the third mirror 653 ranges from I0 to 235I0.

[0099] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first reflector 651, the second reflector 652, and the third reflector 653 are mounted together on three mounting brackets provided by the mirror frame 654. The first reflector 651, the second reflector 652, and the third reflector 653 are evenly arranged around the center of the mirror frame 654, each occupying a central angle of 120°. The motor shaft of the third stepper motor of the drive device 610 is connected to the central hole of the mirror frame 654. By controlling the mirror frame 654 to rotate around its center by a specific angle, different reflectors can be moved into the main optical path.

[0100] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first mirror 651, the second mirror 652, and the third mirror 653 of the mirror attenuation array 65 are arranged sequentially along the direction of the main optical path. Meanwhile, as... Figure 10 As shown, the first reflector 651 and the second reflector 652 have the same structure, including a mirror surface 655 for reflecting light and an entrance hole 656 and an exit hole 657 that extend axially through the mirror surface 655 and through the mirror body. The entrance hole 656 and the exit hole 657 are arranged radially symmetrically about the mirror body.

[0101] In this example, the drive unit 610 has a similar structure to the second stepper motor 632 and the second code disk 633, and two sets are provided. The drive unit 610 includes a third stepper motor and a third code disk. The third code disk is mounted on the motor shaft of the third stepper motor and electrically connected to the second control board 68 to provide feedback on the rotation angle of the third stepper motor. The motor shaft of the third stepper motor in one set of drive units 610 is connected to the periphery of the first reflector 651 via a gear or friction wheel transmission structure, while the motor shaft of the third stepper motor in the other set of drive units 610 is connected to the periphery of the second reflector 652 via a gear or friction wheel transmission structure. The drive unit 610 can drive the corresponding first reflector 651 or second reflector 652 to rotate via the third stepper motor, thereby moving the entrance aperture 656 of the corresponding reflector into or out of the main optical path.

[0102] Of course, the motor shaft of the third stepper motor of the drive device 610 can also be directly connected to the central shaft of the first reflector 651 or the second reflector 652.

[0103] refer to Figures 11-13 When the required output reflected light intensity range is 0.01I0-2.35I0, it can be done as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the entrance aperture 656 of the first reflecting mirror 651 is positioned outside the main optical path. This way, the uniform light from the main optical path will strike the mirror surface 655 of the first reflecting mirror 651, and be proportionally reflected to the downstream third converging lens 66 before being output as simulated light. When the required output reflected light intensity range is 0.1I0-23.5I0, it can be done as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the entrance aperture 656 of the first reflector 651 is moved into the main optical path, while ensuring that the entrance aperture 656 of the second reflector 652 is outside the main optical path. In this way, uniform light from the main optical path will pass through the entrance aperture 656 of the first reflector 651 and strike the mirror surface 655 of the second reflector 652. The uniform light is then reflected proportionally and exits through the exit aperture 657 of the first reflector 651, before entering the downstream third converging lens 66 and outputting simulated light. When the required output reflected light intensity range is I0-235I0, it can be done as follows... Figure 13 As shown, the entrance apertures 656 of the first reflector 651 and the second reflector 652 are moved into the main optical path. In this way, the uniform light from the main optical path will pass through the first reflector 651 and the second reflector 652 in turn and hit the mirror surface 655 of the third reflector 653. The reflected light will pass through the exit aperture 657 of the second reflector 652 and then enter the downstream third converging lens 66 before being output as simulated light.

[0104] It is easy to understand that, since the reflected light intensity output by the first reflector 651 overlaps with that output by the second reflector 652, and the reflected light intensity output by the second reflector 652 and the third reflector 653 also overlaps, within the range of overlapping reflected light intensities, a reflector with a suitable reflectivity can be selected to reflect uniform light as needed, such as to improve the linearity of light intensity modulation.

[0105] In this embodiment, the reflector attenuation array 65 uses reflectors with three reflectivities: 1%, 10%, and 100%, which can attenuate uniform light in segments. The reflector attenuation array 65 can achieve large segmented adjustment of light intensity, and when combined with the second motorized aperture 63 for fine-grained light intensity step adjustment, more precise magnitude simulation can be achieved. It can effectively control magnitude adjustment in a range that is insensitive to spectral distribution and has a wide dynamic range, and can be used to accurately simulate stellar light sources with a magnitude range of 0 to +8 MI, with a magnitude simulation error of less than ±0.1 MI. At the same time, the entire system is small in size, easy to operate, and can work for extended periods.

[0106] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the magnitude controller 60 is equipped with a fourth converging lens, which is located on the monitoring optical path of the second beam splitter 64 and upstream of the second photocell 69.

[0107] According to some optional embodiments, in order to monitor the light intensity of light passing through the second motorized aperture 63 within the magnitude controller 60, such as Figure 8 As shown, the magnitude controller 60 is also provided with a second beam splitter 64 disposed along the main optical path between the second motorized aperture 63 and the reflector attenuation array 65.

[0108] A second photocell 69 is installed in the monitoring optical path of the second beam splitter 64. The second photocell 69 is electrically connected to the second control board 68 for feedback of light intensity signals. The second control board 68 can control the second motorized aperture 63 to finely adjust the aperture size according to the light intensity signal, so that the magnitude controller 60 can adjust the magnitude more accurately.

[0109] According to some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an industrial control computer 10, an electrical cabinet 20, and a power supply module 70. The industrial control computer 10 is connected to the electrical cabinet 20 via a bus.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first control board 428 of the band intensity controller 40 is connected to a bus. The second control board 68 of the magnitude controller 60 is connected to a bus.

[0111] This invention is based on, as follows Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The system structures shown in some embodiments were used to build experimental platforms, and corresponding simulation tests were conducted. The experimental results show that the system of the present invention can simulate a light source spectral range of 350nm-950nm, exhibiting good luminous performance. Furthermore, simulation experiments were conducted on two important parameters of stellar light sources, and the results are as follows:

[0112] (1) Color temperature simulation

[0113] During the color temperature simulation experiment, the simulated light output from the experimental platform needed to be transmitted via optical fiber to a spectrometer to test the spectral curve. A Newport portable spectrometer was used. The spectral fitting curves of the simulated light at color temperatures of 2600K, 3100K, 3600K, 4300K, 5000K, 5500K, 6000K, 6800K, 7600K, and 9800K were tested, and the results are shown below. Figures 14-23 As shown.

[0114] The curve in the middle is the fitted curve of the simulated light at various color temperatures. The upper and lower curves are the ±0.1 envelopes of the standard spectral curves at each color temperature. It can be seen that each fitted curve is basically within the region enclosed by the envelope of the corresponding standard spectral curve, meaning the relative error between the fitted curve and the standard spectral curve is ≤ ±0.10. Therefore, based on these test data, we can conclude that the system used in this invention can fit the corresponding color temperature curve. The curves fitted by the band light intensity controller 40, which outputs narrowband colored light with different center wavelengths and widths through 13 processing subunits 42, according to coefficients, can roughly conform to the standard spectral curve, and the error basically meets the design requirements.

[0115] (2) Magnitude simulation

[0116] In the experiment simulating star magnitude, the outgoing light from the experimental platform first passes through a 2m collimating collimator before the illuminance of the output star image is measured using an SPD-Ⅲ microilluminance meter, and then the corresponding star magnitude value is calculated. The final star magnitude simulation results are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1. Comparison of Standard Star Magnitude and Simulated Star Magnitude

[0118]

[0119] Therefore, it can be concluded that the magnitude range that this system can simulate is 0 to +8 MI, and the relative error between the simulated magnitude value and the standard value is ≤ ±0.1 MI. Based on the magnitude simulation data, it can be concluded that the fitting method used in this paper (i.e., the combination of variable aperture and attenuator array) can fit the equivalent magnitude of a stellar light source, and the simulation range is large, the accuracy is high, and the error meets the design requirements. Furthermore, the test platform still performs well after 6 hours of continuous operation, indicating that the system has high stability, can work for extended periods, and meets the design requirements.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0121] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed. It may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0122] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A static star simulation system with adjustable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration, comprising an electric light source (30), a band intensity controller (40), and a beam homogenizer (50) connected sequentially along the main optical path, characterized in that: It also includes a magnitude controller (60) disposed downstream of the beam homogenizing device (50) along the main optical path. The magnitude controller (60) includes a second incident fiber optic coupler (61), a second collimating lens (62), a second motorized aperture (63), a third converging lens (66), and a second exit fiber optic coupler (67) disposed sequentially along the main optical path. The second motorized aperture (63) is electrically connected to a second control board (68) for controlling the size of its adjustment aperture. The magnitude controller (60) further includes a mirror attenuation array (65) disposed between the second motorized aperture (63) and the third converging lens (66) along the main optical path; the mirror attenuation array (65) includes at least two mirrors with different reflectivities arranged in an array; the mirror attenuation array (65) is connected to a driving device (610), the driving device (610) is connected to a second control board (68), and the second control board (68) is used to drive the mirror attenuation array (65) to move through the driving device (610) so as to selectively move one of the mirrors into the main optical path; The electric light source (30) has a spectral range of 350nm-950nm and is equipped with a xenon lamp and a halogen tungsten lamp that can be selectively turned on as system light sources. When the system light source is used to output uniform light with a spectral energy peak value in the 350nm-600nm band range through the light homogenizing device (50), the system light source is a xenon lamp. When the system light source is used to output uniform light with a spectral energy peak value in the 600nm-950nm band range through the light homogenizing device (50), the system light source is a halogen tungsten lamp.

2. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The band light intensity controller (40) includes a single-input multi-output fiber bundle (41), multiple processing sub-units (42), and a multi-input single-output fiber bundle (43); the output end of the electric light source (30) is connected to the input end of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle (41), the output end of the single-input multi-output fiber bundle (41) is connected one-to-one to the input end of all the processing sub-units (42), the output end of all the processing sub-units (42) is connected one-to-one to the input end of the multi-input single-output fiber bundle (43), and the output end of the multi-input single-output fiber bundle (43) is connected to the input end of the light homogenizing device (50).

3. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processing subunit (42) includes a first incident fiber coupler (421), a first collimating lens (422), a first motorized aperture (423), a bandpass filter (424), a first beam splitter (425), a first converging lens (426), and a first exit fiber coupler (427) arranged sequentially along the main optical path; the first motorized aperture (423) is electrically connected to a first control board (428) for controlling its aperture size; a first photodiode (429) is provided at the monitoring optical path of the first beam splitter (425); the first photodiode (429) is electrically connected to the first control board (428) for feeding back light intensity signals, and the first control board (428) is used to control the first motorized aperture (423) to finely adjust its aperture size according to the light intensity signals; The center wavelengths of the bandpass filters (424) in all the processing subunits (42) are uniformly distributed sequentially in the band range of 350nm-950nm, wherein the center wavelengths of the two bandpass filters (424) are 350nm and 950nm, respectively; in the same processing subunit (42), the center wavelength of the first beam splitter (425) is the same as the center wavelength of the bandpass filter (424).

4. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The processing subunit (42) is provided with 13 units, and the center wavelengths of all the bandpass filters (424) are uniformly distributed at 50nm intervals.

5. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: All of the bandpass filters (424) include two types of bandpass filters (424) with half-wavelengths of 40nm and 80nm, and the bandpass filters (424) with half-wavelengths of 40nm and 80nm are alternately arranged in the band range of 350nm-950nm, and the half-wavelength of the bandpass filter (424) with a center wavelength of 350nm is 40nm. And / or, the beam splitting ratio of the first beam splitter (425) is 90:

10.

6. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light homogenizing device (50) includes a hexagonal prism integrating rod (51) and a frosted glass (52) arranged sequentially along the main optical path.

7. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector attenuation array (65) includes a first reflector (651), a second reflector (652), and a third reflector (653) with reflectivities of 1%, 10%, and 100%, respectively. And / or, the aperture of the second electric aperture (63) is adjustable in the range of φ1.5mm-φ23mm.

8. The static star simulation system with tunable magnitude and spectrum for deep space exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnitude controller (60) further includes a second beam splitter (64) disposed along the main optical path between the second motorized aperture (63) and the reflector attenuation array (65). A second photocell (69) is provided at the monitoring optical path of the second beam splitter (64). The second photocell (69) is electrically connected to the second control board (68) for feeding back the light intensity signal. The second control board (68) is used to control the second motorized aperture (63) to finely adjust the aperture size according to the light intensity signal.

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