Multi-core optical fiber cable for data center

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of optical elements, systems or instruments, and more particularly to a multi-core optical fiber cable for a data center, which comprises a central carrier, the outer surface of the central carrier is slidably provided with a plurality of T-shaped sliding blocks, the outer surface of each T-shaped sliding block is symmetrically provided with a clamping structure, the inside of each T-shaped sliding block is provided with a core unit, the outer surface of the central carrier is provided with an elastic buffer layer, a glass cladding layer is arranged between the elastic buffer layer and the central carrier, the outer surface of the glass cladding layer is provided with air holes, the outer surface of the elastic buffer layer is provided with a composite layer, the inside of the composite layer is provided with microcapsules, the outer surface of the composite layer is provided with a water-blocking layer, and the outer surface of the water-blocking layer is provided with an outer sheath. Through the T-shaped sliding block and the clamping structure, independent plugging and 360-degree free rotation of the core unit are realized; when a certain core unit is damaged, only the clamping block needs to be pressed to complete the replacement of the single core unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to optical elements, systems or instruments, and more particularly to the field of optical communication technology, and especially to a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of data centers and intelligent computing centers, the demand for high-density, high-capacity multi-core optical fiber cables is increasing.

[0003] In existing technologies, space-division multiplexing multi-core optical fibers are mostly used to increase fiber density. These fibers integrate multiple cores within the same cladding. Although this can increase the capacity of a single fiber, the manufacturing process is complex, and if any core is damaged, the entire fiber may be scrapped, resulting in extremely high maintenance costs. When one of the cores needs to be repaired, replaced, or led out to different equipment, the thick sheath must be cut open, which damages the overall structure of the optical cable. This not only makes construction difficult but also affects the reliability of the remaining optical fibers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issue of multi-core optical fibers not being able to have their cores replaced independently, this application provides a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers.

[0005] This application provides a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers includes a central carrier. Several T-shaped sliders are slidably disposed on the outer surface of the central carrier. The outer surfaces of the T-shaped sliders are symmetrically provided with snap-fit ​​structures for engaging with the central carrier. Core units are disposed inside the T-shaped sliders. An elastic buffer layer is disposed on the outer surface of the central carrier. A glass cladding layer is disposed between the elastic buffer layer and the central carrier. The outer surface of the glass cladding layer has pores. A composite layer is disposed on the outer surface of the elastic buffer layer. Several microcapsules for heat absorption and expansion are disposed inside the composite layer. A water-blocking layer is disposed on the outer surface of the composite layer. An outer sheath is disposed on the outer surface of the water-blocking layer.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the central carrier serves as the supporting skeleton of the entire optical cable. The T-shaped slider slidably set on its outer surface is used to support and guide the installation position of the core unit. The snap-fit ​​structure is used to lock the T-shaped slider in the predetermined position of the central carrier to achieve axial fixation of the core unit. The elastic buffer layer is used to buffer external pressure and uniformly transmit radial stress inward. The glass cladding is used to provide a basic optical transmission environment for the optical fiber. The pores set on its surface are used to convert the uniform radial pressure into an anisotropic stress field acting on the optical fiber. The microcapsules inside the composite layer are used to absorb heat and expand in a high-temperature environment to trigger the pressure response mechanism. The water-blocking layer is used to prevent moisture from penetrating into the optical fiber area. The outer sheath is used to provide overall mechanical protection and constrain the radial expansion direction when the microcapsules expand.

[0008] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​structure includes a fixed cylinder symmetrically fixed to one end of the T-shaped slider, a movable column slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder and snapped into the interior of the central support body, a snap-fit ​​block disposed on the side of the movable column away from the fixed cylinder and snapped into the interior of the central support body, a baffle slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder on the side of the movable column away from the snap-fit ​​block, and a reset spring disposed between the baffle and the fixed cylinder for resetting.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed cylinder serves as the mounting base for the movable column. The movable column is used to drive the locking block into and out of the positioning slot of the central carrier during the sliding process. The locking block is used to directly engage with the central carrier to achieve locking. The baffle is used to connect the movable column and compress the return spring. The return spring is used to automatically push the locking block out and lock it when it is aligned with the positioning slot, and automatically reset it to the locked state after unlocking.

[0010] Preferably, the core unit includes an optical fiber bundle located inside the T-shaped slider, the outer surface of the optical fiber bundle is provided with a unit sheath, and the outer surface of the unit sheath is provided with a connector for rotating inside the T-shaped slider.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the optical fiber bundle is used to transmit optical signals, the unit sheath is used to provide independent mechanical protection for the optical fiber bundle, and the connector is used to rotatably connect the core unit inside the T-shaped slider, so that the core unit can rotate flexibly without twisting the optical fiber when splitting.

[0012] Preferably, the composite layer consists of a polymer matrix, microcapsules uniformly dispersed therein, and a highly thermally conductive filler for forming intercalations within the polymer matrix.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the composite layer uses a polymer matrix as the basic load-bearing material, with microcapsules uniformly dispersed therein to absorb heat and undergo volume expansion. High thermal conductivity fillers are used to form a heat conduction network in the polymer matrix, which rapidly conducts external heat to the surface of the microcapsules to trigger a phase change.

[0014] Preferably, the interior of the microcapsule is filled with a paraffin-based phase change material, and the shell material of the microcapsule is a high-temperature resistant melamine-formaldehyde resin.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the paraffin-based phase change material filled inside the microcapsule is used to absorb a large amount of latent heat through solid-liquid phase change, and the high-temperature resistant melamine-formaldehyde resin shell is used to coat the phase change material and maintain structural integrity at high temperatures to prevent leakage of the phase change material.

[0016] Preferably, a longitudinal reinforcement is embedded inside the outer sheath, which is used to restrict the radial outward expansion of the microcapsule when it undergoes phase change expansion, thereby applying radial pressure to the multi-core optical fiber.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the longitudinal reinforcement embedded inside the outer sheath is used to enhance the tensile strength of the optical cable. At the same time, the outer sheath as a whole is used to limit the radial outward expansion of the composite layer when the microcapsule undergoes phase change expansion, thereby converting the expansion force into inward radial pressure and transmitting it to the internal optical fiber.

[0018] Preferably, the high thermal conductivity filler is at least one of expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes, or graphene.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, at least one of expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes or graphene is selected as the high thermal conductivity filler to form an efficient heat conduction path in the composite layer, ensuring that external heat can be quickly and evenly transferred to each microcapsule and improving the thermal response speed.

[0020] Preferably, the pores are air-filled longitudinal side holes, and the pores are symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle. The pores are used to convert radial pressure into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber bundle.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the air holes are longitudinal side holes filled with air, symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle. They are used to convert the uniform radial pressure generated by the outer sheath constraint into an asymmetric stress field acting on the fiber bundle, thereby controlling the birefringence characteristics of the fiber core under high temperature environment to achieve crosstalk suppression.

[0022] Preferably, the central support body is a central reinforcing member with a non-circular cross-section, and the core units are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the central support body.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the central carrier adopts a non-circular cross-section structure to prevent relative rotation between the core units. The core units are evenly distributed along the circumference of the central carrier to achieve efficient utilization of the internal space of the optical cable and force balance.

[0024] Preferably, the fiber bundle comprises one or more of single-mode fiber, multimode fiber, or space-division multiplexed multi-core fiber.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the fiber bundle can be selected from one or more of single-mode fiber, multi-mode fiber, or space-division multiplexed multi-core fiber according to the application scenario, in order to adapt to data center application scenarios with different transmission distance and bandwidth requirements.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. By integrating a T-shaped slider and a snap-fit ​​structure into the cross-shaped guide groove of the central carrier, independent insertion and removal of the core unit and 360-degree free rotation are achieved. This design completely subverts the traditional fixed stranding mode of high-density optical cables. When a core unit is damaged, maintenance personnel do not need to cut open the heavy sheath or use professional fusion splicing equipment. They can simply press the snap-fit ​​block to replace a single core unit within minutes. This reduces the mean time to repair (MTTR) of data centers from hours to minutes. This "plug-and-play" modular architecture not only allows the number of optical cable cores to be dynamically increased or decreased according to business needs, but also avoids the scrapping of the entire cable due to a single point of failure, significantly reducing the operation and maintenance costs throughout the entire life cycle.

[0028] 2. By innovatively introducing a composite layer consisting of a polymer matrix, phase change microcapsules (paraffin-based), and highly thermally conductive fillers onto the outside of the core unit, and forming a precise pressure conversion system with the constrained outer sheath, when a sudden heat wave in the data center (such as a cabinet cooling failure) causes a sharp rise in ambient temperature, the phase change material absorbs heat through its huge latent heat capacity. Its volume expansion, constrained by the outer sheath, is converted into uniform radial pressure acting on the core unit. This mechanism achieves two key functions: first, it utilizes the "heat sink effect" of the phase change material to delay the rise in fiber temperature, buying time for emergency heat dissipation; second, it converts harmful thermal energy into beneficial mechanical energy, turning high temperature, a traditional "performance killer" of optical fibers, into a driving force for improved transmission.

[0029] 3. By utilizing asymmetric longitudinal side holes filled with air at positions corresponding to the fiber core within the fiber cladding, this ingenious mechanical microstructure precisely transforms the radial pressure applied by the composite layer into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber core. According to the elasto-optic effect, this asymmetric stress changes the refractive index distribution of the fiber core material, thereby forming an equivalent "isolation wall" between adjacent fiber cores. When the temperature rises and triggers the phase transition pressure, the crosstalk suppression capability of the multi-core optical fiber is actually enhanced by 5-10dB compared to room temperature, completely overturning the traditional physical law that "the higher the temperature, the worse the crosstalk" in optical fibers. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a 3D physical image of a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the multi-core optical fiber cable in this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the connectors in this application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped slider connection structure of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder in this application;

[0036] Figure 7 For the purposes of this application Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1. Central support; 2. T-shaped slider; 3. Core unit; 31. Fiber bundle; 32. Unit sheath; 33. Connector; 4. Elastic buffer layer; 41. Vent; 42. Glass cladding;

[0038] 5. Composite layer; 51. Microcapsule; 6. Water-resistant layer; 7. Outer sheath;

[0039] 8. Snap-fit ​​structure; 81. Fixed cylinder; 82. Moving column; 83. Snap-fit ​​block; 84. Baffle; 85. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0041] The multi-core fiber optic cables disclosed in this application relate to optical components, systems, or instruments, and particularly to a multi-core fiber optic cable for data centers.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-4A multi-core fiber optic cable for data centers includes a central carrier 1, the outer surface of which has at least one axially extending guide groove. The central carrier 1 is a central reinforcing member with a non-circular cross-section. Several T-shaped sliders 2 are slidably connected inside the guide groove of the central carrier 1, the number of guide grooves matching the number of T-shaped sliders 2. The outer surfaces of the ends of the T-shaped sliders 2 are symmetrically provided with snap-fit ​​structures 8 for snapping with the central carrier 1. Core units 3 are disposed inside the T-shaped sliders 2, and the core units 3 extend along the central carrier... The fiber bundle 3 is uniformly distributed circumferentially. The core unit 3 includes an optical fiber bundle 31 located inside the T-shaped slider 2. The optical fiber bundle 31 includes one or more of single-mode fiber, multi-mode fiber, or space-division multiplexing multi-core fiber. The outer surface of the optical fiber bundle 31 is wrapped with a unit sheath 32. A connector 33 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the unit sheath 32. The connector 33 is rotatably connected inside the T-shaped slider 2, so that when splitting the line, the split optical fiber bundle 31 can rotate flexibly, easily adapt to various complex wiring paths and irregular holes, and avoid signal attenuation caused by forced bending.

[0043] The outer surface of the central carrier 1 is covered with an elastic buffer layer 4. A glass cladding 42 is wrapped between the elastic buffer layer 4 and the central carrier 1. Several air holes 41 are opened on the side of the glass cladding 42. The air holes 41 are longitudinal side holes filled with air. The air holes 41 are symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle 31. The air holes 41 are used to convert radial pressure into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber bundle 31. When manufacturing the fiber cable, a multi-core preform with side holes can be prepared by precision drilling process. During the drawing process, inert gas with constant pressure is filled into the air holes 41.

[0044] The outer surface of the elastic buffer layer 4 is covered with a composite layer 5. The composite layer 5 is composed of a polymer matrix, microcapsules 51 uniformly dispersed therein, and a high thermal conductivity filler. The high thermal conductivity filler is used to form a heat conduction network interspersed in the polymer matrix. The high thermal conductivity filler is at least one of expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes, or graphene. Its mass percentage concentration in the composite layer 5 is 3% to 15%. Several microcapsules 51 are installed inside the composite layer 5. The microcapsules 51 are used for heat absorption and expansion. The inside of the microcapsules 51 is filled with a paraffin-based phase change material. The shell material of the microcapsules 51 is a high-temperature resistant melamine-formaldehyde resin with a thermal decomposition temperature higher than 220°C. The volume expansion rate of the paraffin-based phase change material during solid-liquid phase change is greater than or equal to 12%. A double-layer wet-wet coating process can be used to coat the outer surface of the central support 1 with the elastic buffer layer 4 and the composite layer 5 containing microcapsules 51 and thermal conductivity filler in sequence, and then cure it with ultraviolet light.

[0045] The outer surface of the composite layer 5 is covered with a water-blocking layer 6, and the outer surface of the water-blocking layer 6 is covered with an outer sheath 7. The outer sheath 7 is embedded with a longitudinal reinforcement. The outer sheath 7 is used to restrict the radial outward expansion of the microcapsule 51 when it undergoes phase change expansion, thereby applying radial pressure to the multi-core optical fiber. During manufacturing, a secondary extrusion process with a circulating cooling water tank can be used to cover the outer sheath 7 to ensure that the outlet temperature of the sheath layer is below 70°C.

[0046] Under normal operating conditions, multiple core units 3 are slidably installed in the guide grooves of the central support 1 via their T-shaped sliders 2, and locked in predetermined positions by the snap-fit ​​structure 8, so that the core units 3 containing the fiber bundle 31 are arranged in a circle around the central support 1. When the ambient temperature of the data center suddenly rises or a sudden heat wave occurs, the heat is transferred to the composite layer 5 through the outer sheath 7 and the water-blocking layer 6. The uniformly dispersed high thermal conductivity filler in the composite layer 5 quickly conducts the heat to the microcapsules 51, triggering the paraffin-based phase change material inside to undergo a solid-liquid phase change and absorb a huge amount of latent heat, thereby passively suppressing the temperature rise and protecting the optical fiber communication from interruption. At this time, the phase change material exceeds 12%. The volume expansion rate causes the microcapsule 51 to expand outward. However, due to the longitudinal reinforcement embedded inside the outer sheath 7, the radial outward expansion of the composite layer 5 is restricted. Therefore, the expansion force is converted into radial inward pressure, which is transmitted to the central carrier 1 through the elastic buffer layer 4. When this radial pressure acts on the pre-formed pores 41 on the side of the glass cladding 42, since the pores 41 are symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle 31, the uniform radial pressure is converted into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber bundle 31. This achieves suppression of fiber core crosstalk under high temperature conditions, and its suppression capability can be enhanced by 5-10 dB compared to the room temperature condition, forming an anomalous characteristic of thermal damage gain.

[0047] During on-site construction or maintenance, maintenance personnel do not need special tools. They only need to press the snap-fit ​​structure 8 at the base of the faulty core unit 3 to disengage it from the positioning slot of the central carrier 1. The core unit 3 can then be slid out axially along the guide groove and completely removed from the end of the optical cable. Subsequently, a new spare core unit 3 is slid into the guide groove with its T-shaped slider 2 aligned with it and locked in place, thus completing the rapid replacement of the core unit 3. In the case of branch cabling, since the core unit 3 is rotatably connected to the T-shaped slider 2 through the connector 33, when a core unit 3 needs to be branched off from the trunk, it can rotate smoothly without twisting the fiber bundle 31, flexibly adapting to complex cabling paths and irregular holes, avoiding signal attenuation caused by forced bending. The entire working process realizes full-chain collaboration from passive thermal management and crosstalk suppression during daily operation to rapid reconfiguration and flexible cabling during maintenance.

[0048] Reference Figures 4-6The snap-fit ​​structure 8 includes a fixed cylinder 81, which is symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the T-shaped slider 2. A movable column 82 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 81, and the movable column 82 can be snapped into the interior of the central support body 1. A snap-fit ​​block 83 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable column 82. The snap-fit ​​block 83 is located on the side away from the fixed cylinder 81, and the snap-fit ​​block 83 can be snapped into the interior of the central support body 1. The interior of the central support body 1 is provided with a fixed groove that is adapted to snap-fit ​​the movable column 82 and the snap-fit ​​block 83. The other side of the movable column 82 is fixedly connected to a baffle 84. The baffle 84 is located on the side away from the locking block 83 and is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder 81. In addition, a limit plate is fixedly connected to the opening of the fixed cylinder 81, thereby blocking the baffle 84 and preventing the movable column 82 from detaching from the fixed cylinder 81. A return spring 85 is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle 84 near the fixed cylinder 81. The side of the return spring 85 away from the baffle 84 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 81.

[0049] When the core unit 3 needs to be locked in the predetermined position of the central support 1, the T-shaped slider 2, carrying the snap-fit ​​structures 8 on both sides, slides along the guide groove. When the moving column 82 encounters the positioning slot on the inner wall of the central support 1, the inlet slope of the positioning slot presses the snap-fit ​​block 83, pushing the moving column 82 to retract into the fixed cylinder 81. The moving column 82 drives the baffle 84 to move synchronously and compress the return spring 85, so that the snap-fit ​​block 83 temporarily retracts to allow the T-shaped slider 2 to continue to move forward. When the T-shaped slider 2 slides to the predetermined position and the snap-fit ​​block 83 is facing the positioning slot of the central support 1, the return spring 85 releases elastic potential energy, pushing the baffle 84 and the moving column 82 to pop out of the fixed cylinder 81, thereby driving the snap-fit ​​block 83 to snap into the positioning slot of the central support 1. At the same time, the limiting plate at the opening of the fixed cylinder 81 blocks the baffle 84 to prevent the moving column 82 from overextending and disengaging, thereby achieving axial locking of the core unit 3.

[0050] When it is necessary to disassemble or move the core unit 3, the maintenance personnel press the base of the core unit 3, causing the moving column 82 to retract inward, disengaging the locking block 83 from the positioning slot of the central support body 1. At the same time, the baffle 84 compresses the return spring 85, allowing the T-shaped slider 2 to return to its free sliding state. The maintenance personnel maintain the pressing state and pull the core unit 3 axially along the guide groove to pull the entire core unit 3 out of the central support body 1. After releasing the pressure, the return spring 85 pushes the baffle 84 and the moving column 82 back to their original positions, causing the locking block 83 to pop out again to the locked state, preparing for the next installation.

[0051] Among them, the central carrier 1 is made of high-strength FRP (fiber reinforced composite material), the fiber bundle 31 can be selected with 180μm fiber according to the requirements, the unit sheath 32 can be made of PVC material, and the T-shaped slider 2 is made of polyoxymethylene (POM) material.

[0052] The return spring 85 in this device uses the calculation formula for alloy springs: F=kx, where F is the external force on the spring, in units of k, the spring constant is 300N / m, corresponding to a stroke of a few millimeters, and the force is only a few Newtons, in units of N / m, and x is the deformation of the spring, in units of m. The elastic force of the alloy spring is then calculated so that it can be used in this device.

[0053] In physical modeling, the radial stress distribution of the optical cable follows the Lamé formula. When the microcapsule 51 in the composite layer 5 expands, the outer sheath 7 is an ideal rigid body. The increase in internal pressure is proportional to the volume change. In this application, the longitudinal reinforcement is embedded in the outer sheath 7, which greatly improves its circumferential modulus and enables the expansion force to be effectively directed to the center. The existence of the elastic buffer layer 4 is crucial. It acts as a stress smoother to prevent local stress concentration from increasing the microbending loss of the optical fiber.

[0054] The introduction of pore 41 breaks the symmetry of radial pressure. As an air-filled region, the compressive modulus of pore 41 is much lower than that of glass. When pressure is applied, the region of pore 41 will undergo slight deformation, causing the stress line to deflect in the fiber core region and forming a specific principal stress difference. This artificially induced stress birefringence will decouple the phase matching condition between adjacent fiber cores. According to the coupled-mode theory, crosstalk power is negatively correlated with the effective refractive index difference of the mode. In this case, the energy exchange path is cut off at the physical level by stress field modulation.

[0055] The diameter of the pore 41 can be set between 5 and 10 micrometers. If the diameter is too large, it will lead to a decrease in the strength of the fiber structure. If it is too small, the stress concentration effect will not be obvious. The distance between the center of the pore 41 and the center of the fiber core should be matched with the core radius and mode field distribution.

[0056] The polymer matrix can be made of silicone rubber or high polyethylene with a hardness of Shore A50-70, and is used to provide structural support and displacement accommodation.

[0057] Although wax-based phase change materials have high latent heat of phase change, their inherent thermal conductivity is extremely low. This low thermal conductivity leads to a severe "thermal resistance effect." When subjected to external thermal shock, the side of the PCM closest to the heat source melts rapidly, while the large amount of latent heat capacity inside cannot be utilized due to limited heat transfer, ultimately leading to local overheating and penetration. The core purpose of introducing high thermal conductivity fillers (such as expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes, and graphene) is not to "accelerate penetration," but to construct an efficient heat conduction network in the polymer matrix, enabling the system to more sensitively sense the ambient temperature rise and promptly trigger the latent heat absorption mechanism to avoid local temperature spikes. HTCF rapidly diffuses external heat to the surface of each microcapsule 51 in the composite layer, ensuring that the PCM can participate in the phase change process synchronously over a large area.

[0058] In scenarios where data center cooling fails, the heat source comes from the ambient air outside the optical cable. In this case, the goal of the optical cable protective layer is not to dissipate internal heat (heat dissipation), but to prevent external heat from entering the core (heat insulation) and absorb it (heat absorption).

[0059] The implementation principle of a multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0060] In normal operation, multiple core units 3 are slidably installed in the guide groove of the central carrier 1 by their T-shaped sliders 2, and locked in a predetermined position by the snap-fit ​​structure 8, so that the core units 3 containing the fiber bundle 31 are arranged in a circle around the central carrier 1. When the ambient temperature of the data center rises suddenly, heat is transferred to the composite layer 5 through the outer sheath 7 and the water-blocking layer 6. The high thermal conductivity filler in the composite layer 5 quickly conducts the heat to the microcapsule 51, triggering the solid-liquid phase change material inside to undergo a solid-liquid phase change and absorb latent heat, thereby passively suppressing the temperature rise. At this time, the volume expansion rate of the phase change material exceeding 12% causes the microcapsule 51 to expand outward. However, since the longitudinal reinforcement is embedded in the outer sheath 7, the radial expansion of the composite layer 5 is restricted. Therefore, the expansion force is converted into radial inward pressure, which is transferred to the central carrier 1 through the elastic buffer layer 4. When this radial pressure acts on the pre-made pores 41 on the side of the glass cladding 42, since the pores 41 are symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle 31, the uniform radial pressure is converted into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber bundle 31, thereby suppressing fiber core crosstalk in a high-temperature environment. Its suppression capability can be enhanced by 5-10dB compared with the normal temperature state.

[0061] When it is necessary to disassemble or maintain the core unit 3, the maintenance personnel press the base of the core unit 3, causing the moving column 82 to retract inward, and the locking block 83 to disengage from the positioning slot of the central support body 1. At the same time, the baffle 84 compresses the return spring 85, and the T-shaped slider 2 returns to its free sliding state. By maintaining the pressing state and pulling the core unit 3 axially along the guide groove, the entire core unit 3 can be pulled out from the central support body 1. After releasing the pressing, the return spring 85 pushes the baffle 84 and the moving column 82 to reset, causing the locking block 83 to pop out again to the locked state. Then, a new spare can be installed. Core unit 3 slides into the guide groove with T-shaped slider 2 and locks in place, completing quick replacement. In the case of branch cabling, since core unit 3 is rotatably connected to T-shaped slider 2 through connector 33, when a core unit 3 needs to be separated from the trunk, the core unit 3 can rotate smoothly without twisting the fiber bundle 31, flexibly adapting to complex routing paths and avoiding signal attenuation caused by forced bending. The entire working process realizes the full-chain collaboration from passive thermal management and crosstalk suppression during daily operation to rapid reconstruction and flexible cabling during maintenance.

[0062] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers, characterized in that: The device includes a central support body (1), on the outer surface of which several T-shaped sliders (2) are slidably arranged. The outer surface of each T-shaped slider (2) is symmetrically provided with a snap-fit ​​structure (8) for snapping with the central support body (1). The T-shaped slider (2) is provided with a core unit (3). The outer surface of the central support body (1) is provided with an elastic buffer layer (4). A glass cladding layer (42) is provided between the elastic buffer layer (4) and the central support body (1). The outer surface of the glass cladding layer (42) is provided with pores (41). The outer surface of the elastic buffer layer (4) is provided with a composite layer (5). The interior of the composite layer (5) is provided with several microcapsules (51) for heat absorption and expansion. The outer surface of the composite layer (5) is provided with a water-blocking layer (6). The outer surface of the water-blocking layer (6) is provided with an outer sheath (7). The composite layer (5) consists of a polymer matrix, microcapsules (51) uniformly dispersed therein, and a high thermal conductivity filler for forming interspersed in the polymer matrix. The outer sheath (7) is internally embedded with a longitudinal reinforcement. The outer sheath (7) is used to restrict the radial outward expansion of the microcapsules (51) when they undergo phase change expansion, thereby applying radial pressure to the core unit (3). The pores (41) are air-filled longitudinal side holes, and the pores (41) are symmetrically distributed on the horizontal outer edge of each fiber bundle (31). The pores (41) are used to convert the radial pressure into an anisotropic stress field acting on the fiber bundle (31).

2. The multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​structure (8) includes a fixed cylinder (81) symmetrically fixed at one end of the T-shaped slider (2). A movable column (82) is slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder (81) and snap-fitted inside the central support body (1). A snap-fit ​​block (83) is disposed on the side of the movable column (82) away from the fixed cylinder (81) and snap-fitted inside the central support body (1). A baffle (84) is slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder (81) on the side of the movable column (82) away from the snap-fit ​​block (83). A reset spring (85) for resetting is disposed between the baffle (84) and the fixed cylinder (81).

3. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core unit (3) includes an optical fiber bundle (31) located inside the T-shaped slider (2). The outer surface of the optical fiber bundle (31) is provided with a unit sheath (32). The outer surface of the unit sheath (32) is provided with a connector (33) for rotating inside the T-shaped slider (2).

4. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcapsule (51) is filled with a paraffin-based phase change material, and the shell material of the microcapsule (51) is a high-temperature resistant melamine-formaldehyde resin.

5. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high thermal conductivity filler is at least one of expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes, or graphene.

6. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central support (1) is a central reinforcing member with a non-circular cross section, and the core unit (3) is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the central support (1).

7. A multi-core optical fiber cable for data centers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fiber bundle (31) includes one or more of single-mode fiber, multimode fiber, or space-division multiplexed multi-core fiber.

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