A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of dust suppression devices, and discloses a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects. The device includes a water tank, which is fixedly connected to and connected to a water supply column. A ventilation duct is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply column. A water supply pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply pipe. A hollow ring is slidably connected inside the water supply column, and a buffer mechanism is connected to the outer wall of the hollow ring. A piston head is connected to the buffer mechanism, and the outer wall of the piston head is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column. The connecting pipe passes through the ventilation duct and is fixedly connected to a spraying mechanism. Through the cooperation of the piston head inside the water supply column and the diversion pipe, when the device stops, the piston head slides rapidly down under gravity, creating a negative pressure in the pipeline. This draws out all residual water from the water supply pipe, the connecting pipe, and the spraying mechanism, and returns it to the water tank. This solves the problem of residual water freezing and cracking the pipes in northern winters and extends the device's service life in low-temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust suppression device technology, specifically a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Construction dust is a significant source of particulate matter pollution in my country's atmosphere. The PM10 and PM2.5 pollutants it generates not only reduce air quality in surrounding areas but also cause irreversible damage to the respiratory systems of construction workers and nearby residents. With the increasing stringency of my country's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law and local standards for construction dust control, construction sites must be equipped with effective dust suppression equipment. Among these, mist cannon dust suppression devices, with their wide dust suppression range, ease of operation, and mobility, have become the most widely used dust suppression equipment on construction sites, holding a market share exceeding 80%. In northern regions, construction periods often span winter, and the need for dust suppression operations in low-temperature environments persists, placing higher demands on the low-temperature adaptability of mist cannon dust suppression devices.

[0003] Existing mist cannon dust suppression devices generally use a straight-through structure of "water pump - water supply pipe - nozzle". When the device stops operating, the water pump stops supplying water, and residual water in the water supply pipe, connecting pipe, nozzle, and elevated pipeline cannot completely flow back to the water tank by gravity. Especially in complex areas such as the small nozzle orifices, bends in the pipes, and the water supply ring inside the air duct, large amounts of water accumulate and cannot be drained. According to actual measurement data, the residual water volume in the pipeline of a conventional medium-sized mist cannon dust suppression device can reach 5-15L after shutdown. Water expands by about 9% when it freezes. When the ambient temperature is below 0℃, this residual water will rapidly freeze and expand, generating enormous internal stress, directly leading to pipe cracking, nozzle freezing and cracking, and seal failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects. It solves the problem that when the device stops operating and the water pump stops supplying water, the residual water will quickly freeze and expand, generating huge internal stress, which directly leads to pipe cracking, nozzle freezing and cracking, and seal failure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects includes a water tank, a water supply column fixedly connected to and communicating with the water tank, a water pump fixedly installed inside the water tank, a ventilation duct fixedly connected to the top of the water supply column, a water supply pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column, a connecting pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply pipe, casters fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank, a hollow ring slidably connected inside the water supply column, a buffer mechanism connected to the outer wall of the hollow ring, a piston head connected to the buffer mechanism, the outer wall of the piston head slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column, a diversion pipe fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the water supply column, the bottom end of the diversion pipe fixedly connected to and communicating with the water tank, a limit rod fixedly connected to the lower inner side of the water supply column, and a spraying mechanism fixedly connected to the connecting pipe through the ventilation duct.

[0007] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a sleeve, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring, an inner rod is slidably connected inside the sleeve, the top end of which is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head, a tension spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head, and the bottom end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring.

[0008] Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes a fan and a water supply ring, both of which are fixedly connected inside the air duct. The water supply ring is connected to a connecting pipe, and multiple sets of nozzles are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply ring.

[0009] Preferably, an annular scraper is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head, and the outer wall of the annular scraper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column.

[0010] Preferably, a bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket. A protective plate and a crank handle are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, respectively. The outer wall of the protective plate can fit against the outer wall of the nozzle. One end of a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bracket.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water supply column, and a sliding column is slidably connected inside the fixing plate. The bottom end of the sliding column can fit against the upper surface of the piston head. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding column. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod. The connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crank handle. A limit groove is provided on the upper side of the water supply column, and the connecting rod is slidably connected inside the limit groove.

[0012] Preferably, an inner pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column. The inner pipe is located inside the water supply pipe. The water supply column and the connecting pipe are both connected between the inner pipe and the water supply pipe. The inner pipe is made of stainless steel, and the water supply pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0013] Preferably, both the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the water supply pipe are provided with threaded grooves, and the inside of the threaded grooves is provided with staggered serrations, and the inner tube and the water supply pipe are provided with variable cross-sections.

[0014] Preferably, a housing is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting pipe, and a valve column is slidably connected inside the connecting pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a mating column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the valve column, and an inverted conical cavity is provided inside the mating column. A spherical wind cap is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the outer shell, and a rotating frame is fixedly connected inside the spherical wind cap. The rotating frame is rotatably connected inside the outer shell, and a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating frame. A slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod, and the inclined surface of the slider is slidably connected inside the inverted conical cavity. A spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mating column, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the outer shell.

[0016] This invention provides a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention uses a piston head inside the water supply column to cooperate with a diversion pipe. When the machine stops, the piston head slides down rapidly under the action of gravity, creating a negative pressure in the pipeline. This draws out all the residual water in the water supply pipe, connecting pipe, and spraying mechanism and returns it to the water tank. This solves the problem of residual water freezing and cracking the pipe in northern winters and extends the service life of the device in low-temperature environments.

[0018] 2. The annular scraper at the bottom of the piston head of this invention can slide up and down with the piston head to automatically scrape off scale, mud and other impurities from the inner wall of the water supply column. The impurities enter the water tank with the return water flow, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and cleaning.

[0019] 3. This invention uses a purely mechanical linkage structure between the piston head and the protective plate to automatically open the protective plate when the device is working and automatically close it when the device is stopped, effectively preventing the nozzle from being clogged by dust and damaged by collision. No manual intervention is required, making it convenient to use.

[0020] 4. This invention utilizes the difference in electron work function between the stainless steel inner tube and the polytetrafluoroethylene outer tube to generate static electricity through friction when water flows in the annular channel; the charged water molecules can more effectively adsorb dust particles in the air, thus significantly improving the dust reduction effect of the water mist.

[0021] 5. The purely mechanical flow regulation mechanism driven by the spherical wind cap can automatically adjust the water spray volume according to the external wind force. The stronger the wind, the larger the water spray volume, which ensures the stability of the dust suppression effect under different wind conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the air duct of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water supply column of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the torsion spring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the limiting groove of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the inner tube of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the spring of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the slider of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mating column of the present invention.

[0033] The components are as follows: 1. Water tank; 2. Water supply column; 3. Air duct; 4. Water supply pipe; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Hollow ring; 7. Buffer mechanism; 701. Sleeve; 702. Inner rod; 703. Tension spring; 8. Piston head; 9. Spraying mechanism; 901. Fan; 902. Water supply ring; 903. Spray head; 10. Fixing plate; 11. Diverter pipe; 12. Bracket; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Protective plate; 15. Handle; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Sliding column; 19. Torsion spring; 20. Inner tube; 21. Threaded groove; 22. Valve column; 23. Outer shell; 24. Spherical wind cap; 25. Rotating frame; 26. Sliding rod; 27. Sliding block; 28. Matching column; 29. ​​Spring; 30. Universal wheel; 31. Annular scraper; 32. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 11 This invention provides a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction engineering, including a water tank 1, a water supply column 2 fixedly connected and connected to the water tank 1, a water pump fixedly installed inside the water tank 1, a wind duct 3 fixedly connected to the top of the water supply column 2, a water supply pipe 4 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column 2, a connecting pipe 5 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply pipe 4, casters 30 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank 1, a hollow ring 6 slidably connected inside the water supply column 2, a buffer mechanism 7 connected to the outer wall of the hollow ring 6, a piston head 8 connected to the buffer mechanism 7, the outer wall of the piston head 8 slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column 2, a diversion pipe 11 fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the water supply column 2, the bottom end of the diversion pipe 11 fixedly connected and connected to the water tank 1, a limit rod fixedly connected to the lower inner side of the water supply column 2, and a spraying mechanism 9 fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 5 passing through the wind duct 3.

[0036] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention provides a dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction engineering. The water tank 1 is welded from corrosion-resistant metal sheet, with a water inlet and an exhaust outlet at the top for easy replenishment of clean water and expulsion of internal air. The water supply column 2 is welded to the center of the water tank 1 and penetrates the tank to ensure overall stability. The water pump is a submersible pump, installed on a bottom mounting bracket inside the water tank 1. Its outlet is sealed to the bottom of the water supply column 2 via a flange, ensuring all water flow enters the column 2. The bottom of the ventilation duct 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply column 2. The water supply pipe 4 communicates with the water supply column 2. The connecting pipe 5 passes through the side wall of the ventilation duct 3 and enters its interior. Four heavy-duty casters 30 with brakes are installed at the four corners of the lower surface of the water tank 1, facilitating movement and fixation of the device on complex ground surfaces at the construction site. A small gap is left between the outer wall of the hollow ring 6 and the inner wall of the water supply column 2, allowing for free up-and-down sliding. The buffer mechanism 7 is connected between the hollow ring 6 and the piston head 8 to buffer the impact of water flow and the vibration generated by the movement of the piston head 8. The piston head 8 adopts a structure with a rubber material encasing a metal skeleton, and its outer wall is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the water supply column 2 to form a good sealing effect. The diversion pipe 11 is made of the same material as the water supply column 2, and one end is welded to the lower side wall of the water supply column 2 to realize the return of residual water. The limit rod is horizontally welded to the bottom center position inside the water supply column 2, and a buffer pad is set at its top to absorb the impact force when the piston head 8 slides down. When the dust suppression device is started, the water pump pumps the clean water in the water tank 1 into the water supply column 2. The water flow upward pushes the piston head 8 to rise. When the piston head 8 rises above the connection between the water supply pipe 4 and the water supply column 2, the water flows into the water supply pipe 4, and then is transported to the spraying mechanism 9 through the connecting pipe 5 for spraying and dust suppression. When the device stops working, the water pump is turned off, and the water flow in the water supply column 2 stops. The piston head 8 slides downwards under its own weight, creating a negative pressure in the pipe above it. This negative pressure draws out all the residual clean water from the water supply pipe 4, connecting pipe 5, and spraying mechanism 9, returning it to the water tank 1 through the diversion pipe 11. This prevents the residual water from freezing and expanding in low-temperature environments, which could cause pipe rupture, making it particularly suitable for construction sites in northern winters. The limit rod restricts the downward stroke of the piston head 8, preventing it from detaching from the bottom of the water supply column 2 and ensuring the safe operation of the device.

[0037] The buffer mechanism 7 includes a sleeve 701, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring 6. An inner rod 702 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 701. The top end of the inner rod 702 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head 8. A tension spring 703 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head 8. The bottom end of the tension spring 703 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring 6.

[0038] Specifically, the axis of sleeve 701 coincides with the axis of water supply column 2, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of hollow ring 6 by welding. The diameter of inner rod 702 matches the inner diameter of sleeve 701, allowing it to slide freely inside sleeve 701. The top of inner rod 702 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of piston head 8 by bolts, facilitating disassembly and replacement. Tension spring 703 is made of spring steel, possessing good elasticity and fatigue strength. Tension spring 703 is sleeved on the outside of sleeve 701 and inner rod 702, with its two ends connected to the lower surface of piston head 8 and the upper surface of hollow ring 6 respectively by hooks. Tension spring 703 has a certain preload during installation, ensuring that inner rod 702 is fully retracted into sleeve 701 in its natural state. When the water pump suddenly starts, the water flow will generate a large impact force on piston head 8. At this time, inner rod 702 first slides upward with piston head 8, and tension spring 703 is gradually stretched. The elastic deformation of the tension spring 703 absorbs most of the impact energy, making the rising process of the piston head 8 smooth and preventing a violent collision between the piston head 8 and the inner wall of the water supply column 2. When the tension spring 703 is stretched to its maximum length, the bottom end of the inner rod 702 contacts the top end of the inner sleeve 701. At this time, the piston head 8 continues to rise, and the hollow ring 6 slides upward together through the inner rod 702 and the sleeve 701. The sliding of the hollow ring 6 can further buffer the remaining impact energy, while dispersing the force on the piston head 8 and improving the structural stability of the device. When the water pump stops working, the piston head 8 slides down rapidly under its own weight and the tension of the tension spring 703. An annular retaining ring is integrally formed or fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the sleeve 701. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 701. An outwardly extending anti-detachment boss is integrally formed on the outer side of the lower end of the inner rod 702. The outer diameter of the anti-detachment boss is larger than the inner diameter of the retaining ring but smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 701. When the inner rod 702 slides upward to its limit position, the anti-detachment boss and the retaining ring form an axial abutment to limit the movement, preventing the inner rod 702 from detaching from the upper end of the sleeve 701, thus achieving anti-detachment constraint between the sleeve 701 and the inner rod 702. The tension of the tension spring 703 can accelerate the downward speed of the piston head 8, thereby improving the efficiency of negative pressure generation and ensuring that residual water in the pipeline can be quickly extracted. The buffer mechanism 7 can effectively reduce vibration and noise during the operation of the device, extend the service life of components such as the piston head 8 and the water supply column 2, and improve the reliability and durability of the device operation.

[0039] The spraying mechanism 9 includes a fan 901 and a water supply ring 902. Both the fan 901 and the water supply ring 902 are fixedly connected inside the air duct 3. The water supply ring 902 is connected to the connecting pipe 5. Multiple sets of nozzles 903 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply ring 902.

[0040] Specifically, inside the ventilation duct 3, a fan 901 and a water supply ring 902 are installed sequentially from the air inlet to the air outlet. The fan 901 is an axial flow fan, with its impeller diameter matching the inner diameter of the ventilation duct 3. The motor of the fan 901 is fixed to the center of the ventilation duct 3 via a mounting bracket, and the motor's output shaft coincides with the axis of the ventilation duct 3. The motor features a waterproof and dustproof design, capable of withstanding the harsh environment of a construction site. The water supply ring 902 is made of a circular tube, with its axis coinciding with the axis of the ventilation duct 3. The water supply ring 902 is fixed to the inner wall of the ventilation duct 3 by multiple support rods, located on the air outlet side of the fan 901. A water inlet is provided on the side wall of the water supply ring 902, and the end of the connecting pipe 5 is sealed to this inlet via a flange. Multiple sets of nozzles 903 are evenly distributed on the end face of the water supply ring 902 facing the air outlet of the ventilation duct 3, with each nozzle 903 spraying at a certain angle to the axis of the ventilation duct 3. Nozzle 903 uses an atomizing nozzle, capable of atomizing water flow into fine water mist particles. When the dust suppression device is working, the motor of fan 901 drives the impeller to rotate at high speed, drawing outside air into the air duct 3 and forming a high-speed airflow that sprays forward. Simultaneously, water flow enters the water supply ring 902 through the connecting pipe 5 and is then distributed to each nozzle 903. The nozzles 903 atomize the water flow into fine water mist particles, which are dispersed by the high-speed airflow generated by fan 901, forming a large-area fog curtain. The water mist particles in the fog curtain collide and adhere to dust particles in the air, increasing the weight of the dust particles and causing them to settle to the ground, thus achieving the purpose of dust suppression.

[0041] An annular scraper 31 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head 8, and the outer wall of the annular scraper 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column 2.

[0042] Specifically, the annular scraper 31 is made of stainless steel, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The annular scraper 31 has an L-shaped cross-section; its horizontal portion is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head 8 by bolts, while the outer edge of its vertical portion is equipped with a sharp blade. The blade makes close contact with the inner wall of the water supply column 2, with moderate contact pressure, ensuring good scraping effect without excessive wear on the inner wall of the water supply column 2. The inner diameter of the annular scraper 31 is the same as the outer diameter of the piston head 8, while its outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the water supply column 2. When the piston head 8 slides up and down along the inner wall of the water supply column 2, the annular scraper 31 moves along with it. During this movement, the blade of the annular scraper 31 scrapes away scale, silt, rust, and other impurities adhering to the inner wall of the water supply column 2. If these impurities adhere to the inner wall of the water supply column 2 for a long time, it will cause the inner diameter of the water supply column 2 to decrease, affecting the water flow rate, and will also accelerate the wear of the piston head 8, reducing its sealing performance. A filter screen can be installed inside the water tank 1 to filter the returned water, remove impurities, and prevent impurities from re-entering the water supply system. The annular scraper 31 can automatically clean the inner wall of the water supply column 2 without manual disassembly and cleaning, greatly reducing the maintenance cost and difficulty of the device. At the same time, the cleaned inner wall of the water supply column 2 remains smooth, reducing the friction when the piston head 8 slides, and extending the service life of the piston head 8 and the water supply column 2.

[0043] A bracket 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column 2. A rotating shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket 12. A protective plate 14 and a crank 15 are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 13. The outer wall of the protective plate 14 can fit against the outer wall of the nozzle 903. One end of a torsion spring 19 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 13. The other end of the torsion spring 19 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bracket 12.

[0044] Specifically, bracket 12 is bolted to the outer wall of water supply column 2, located below air duct 3. Two brackets 12 are provided, located on the left and right sides of water supply column 2 respectively, with coaxial bearing holes at the top of each bracket 12. The two ends of rotating shaft 13 are respectively installed in the bearing holes of the two brackets 12, rotatably connected to the brackets 12 via bearings. The axis of rotating shaft 13 is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of air duct 3. The curvature of protective plate 14 is the same as that of the air outlet end of air duct 3. One edge of protective plate 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of rotating shaft 13 by welding, allowing it to rotate with rotating shaft 13. The area of ​​protective plate 14 is larger than the area of ​​the air outlet end of air duct 3, completely covering all nozzles 903. One end of crank handle 15 is welded to one end of rotating shaft 13. Torsion spring 19, made of spring steel, is sleeved on the outer wall of rotating shaft 13, located between one of the brackets 12 and protective plate 14. One end of the torsion spring 19 is inserted into the side wall hole of the rotating shaft 13, and the other end is inserted into the side wall hole of the bracket 12. The torsion spring 19 has a certain preload during installation, which applies a torsional force to the rotating shaft 13, keeping the protective plate 14 in the closed state. When the protective plate 14 is closed, its inner wall tightly adheres to the outer wall of the nozzle 903, effectively preventing external dust, sand, rainwater, etc., from entering the nozzle 903 and avoiding clogging. Simultaneously, the protective plate 14 also prevents the nozzle 903 from being damaged by impact, extending its service life. The protective plate 14 can be made into a closed plate or a filter plate according to actual needs. The closed plate provides better protection and is suitable for situations where it is not used for a long time; the filter plate allows air circulation and is suitable for situations where it is not used for a short time.

[0045] A fixing plate 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water supply column 2. A sliding column 18 is slidably connected inside the fixing plate 10. The bottom end of the sliding column 18 can fit against the upper surface of the piston head 8. A connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding column 18. A connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 17. The connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crank handle 15. A limit groove 32 is provided on the upper side of the water supply column 2. The connecting rod 17 is slidably connected inside the limit groove 32.

[0046] Specifically, the fixing plate 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water supply column 2 by welding its edges. The fixing plate 10 is located above the connection between the water supply pipe 4 and the water supply column 2, corresponding to the highest position of the piston head 8. A sliding hole is provided at the center of the fixing plate 10. The sliding column 18 passes through the sliding hole and is slidably connected to the fixing plate 10. A sealing ring is provided between the sliding hole and the sliding column 18 to prevent water leakage from the sliding hole. A circular baffle can be welded to the bottom end of the sliding column 18 to increase the contact area with the piston head 8 and make the force more even. A connecting rod 17 is welded to the top of the sliding column 18, and the connecting rod 17 is horizontally positioned. A limiting groove 32 is provided on the side wall of the water supply column 2. The limiting groove 32 is elongated and extends along the axis of the water supply column 2. One end of the connecting rod 17 passes through the limiting groove 32 and extends out of the water supply column 2, and can slide up and down within the limiting groove 32. The upper and lower ends of the limiting groove 32 are respectively equipped with buffer pads to absorb the impact force when the connecting rod 17 slides. The connecting rod 16 is rotatably connected at both ends to the extended end of the connecting rod 17 and the free end of the rocker arm 15 via pins. When the piston head 8 moves upward, its top end contacts the baffle at the bottom of the slide column 18 and pushes the slide column 18 to slide upward. The upward sliding of the slide column 18 causes the connecting rod 17 to slide upward along the limiting groove 32. The upward sliding of the connecting rod 17 pulls the rocker arm 15 to rotate around the rotating shaft 13 through the connecting rod 16. The rotation of the rocker arm 15 causes the rotating shaft 13 to rotate, thereby causing the protective plate 14 to rotate upward and open. When the piston head 8 rises to the highest position, the connecting rod 17 slides to the top of the limiting groove 32, the protective plate 14 is fully opened, the nozzle 903 is exposed, and normal dust suppression spraying can be performed. When the piston head 8 moves downward, the slide column 18 loses the support of the piston head 8 and slides downward under its own weight and the torsional force of the torsion spring 19. The torsion spring 19 drives the rotating shaft 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the protective plate 14 to rotate downwards and close. Simultaneously, the rotating shaft 13, through the crank handle 15 and connecting rod 16, drives the connecting rod 17 and sliding column 18 downwards, returning them to their initial position. This structure enables the automatic opening and closing of the protective plate 14 without manual operation, making it more convenient to use. When the device is working, the protective plate 14 automatically opens, without affecting the normal spraying of the nozzle 903; when the device stops working, the protective plate 14 automatically closes, protecting the nozzle 903 from damage and clogging.

[0047] An inner pipe 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column 2. The inner pipe 20 is located inside the water supply pipe 4. The water supply column 2 and the connecting pipe 5 are both connected between the inner pipe 20 and the water supply pipe 4. The inner pipe 20 is made of stainless steel, and the water supply pipe 4 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0048] Specifically, the inner tube 20 is made of seamless stainless steel pipe, with its bottom end welded to the outer wall of the water supply column 2, communicating with the interior of the water supply column 2. The top end of the inner tube 20 is welded to the bottom end of the connecting pipe 5, communicating with the interior of the connecting pipe 5. The water supply pipe 4 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pipe and is fitted over the inner tube 20. The bottom end of the water supply pipe 4 is welded to the outer wall of the water supply column 2, communicating with the interior of the water supply column 2. The top end of the water supply pipe 4 is welded to the bottom end of the connecting pipe 5, communicating with the interior of the connecting pipe 5. In this way, an annular water flow channel is formed between the inner tube 20 and the water supply pipe 4. When water flows from the water supply column 2 into the water supply pipe 4, it does not directly enter the inner tube 20, but enters the annular channel between the inner tube 20 and the water supply pipe 4, and then flows upward into the connecting pipe 5. Stainless steel and PTFE are two materials with a large difference in electron work function. When the water flows in the annular channel, it will rub against the outer wall of the inner tube 20 and the inner wall of the water supply pipe 4. During the friction process, electrons transfer from the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with its lower electron work function to the stainless steel with its higher electron work function, thus making the inner tube 20 negatively charged and the water supply pipe 4 positively charged. The generated static electricity adheres to the surface of water molecules in the water flow, giving the water molecules a charge. These charged water molecules can more effectively adsorb dust particles in the air, especially those with opposite charges. This significantly improves the dust suppression effect of the water mist. This electrostatic dust removal structure requires no additional electricity; it generates static electricity solely through the flow of water, making it energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0049] Both the outer wall of the inner pipe 20 and the inner wall of the water supply pipe 4 are provided with threaded grooves 21. The inside of the threaded grooves 21 is provided with staggered serrations. The inner pipe 20 and the water supply pipe 4 are provided with variable cross sections.

[0050] Specifically, the threaded groove 21 extends spirally along the outer wall of the inner tube 20 and the inner wall of the water supply pipe 4, from the bottom to the top. The cross-sectional shape of the threaded groove 21 is triangular, and the depth and pitch are designed according to actual needs. Multiple staggered serrations are provided on both side walls of the threaded groove 21, evenly distributed along its direction. Adjacent serrations are staggered, forming an irregular surface. Both the inner tube 20 and the water supply pipe 4 adopt a variable cross-section design, with their diameters gradually changing along the axial direction. Specifically, the diameter of the inner tube 20 gradually increases from the bottom to the top, while the diameter of the water supply pipe 4 gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. Thus, the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular channel formed between the inner tube 20 and the water supply pipe 4 gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. The threaded groove 21 and the staggered serrations significantly increase the contact area and friction intensity between the water flow and the pipe wall. When the water flows within the annular channel, it enters the interior of the threaded groove 21, experiencing intense friction and collision with the side walls and staggered serrations of the threaded groove 21. This intense friction and collision generates more static electricity, further enhancing the dust suppression effect of the water mist. The variable cross-section design allows the water flow velocity to gradually increase during the flow process, thereby increasing the friction speed between the water flow and the pipe wall, and increasing the amount of static electricity generated. Simultaneously, the variable cross-section design also creates turbulence in the water flow, allowing water molecules in the flow to contact the pipe wall more fully, further improving the friction effect. Different thread groove parameters and variable cross-section forms will have different effects on the static electricity generation effect. For example, deeper thread grooves and denser staggered serrations can increase the contact area and improve the friction intensity; a larger variable cross-section ratio can increase the water flow velocity and increase the friction speed. The optimal thread groove parameters and variable cross-section form can be determined experimentally based on actual dust suppression requirements and water flow parameters to achieve the best static electricity generation effect. These structures have simple manufacturing processes and low costs, and can significantly improve the dust suppression effect of the dust suppression device without significantly increasing costs.

[0051] The upper surface of the connecting pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 23, and the inside of the connecting pipe 5 is slidably connected to the valve column 22.

[0052] Specifically, the outer casing 23 is welded from stainless steel sheet. An opening is provided on the lower surface of the outer casing 23, which is sealed to the upper surface of the connecting pipe 5 via a flange. A through hole corresponding to the opening on the lower surface of the outer casing 23 is provided on the upper side wall of the connecting pipe 5, allowing communication between the interior of the outer casing 23 and the interior of the connecting pipe 5. The valve stem 22 is made of stainless steel round steel, with a conical bottom and its axis perpendicular to the axis of the connecting pipe 5. The valve stem 22 passes through the through hole in the connecting pipe 5, with its upper end inside the connecting pipe 5 and its lower end fitting against the bottom of the connecting pipe 5. Multiple sealing rings are provided between the valve stem 22 and the inner wall of the through hole, effectively preventing water leakage from the through hole. The valve stem 22 can slide up and down along its own axis. When the valve stem 22 slides downwards, its lower end gradually exposes the flow area of ​​the connecting pipe 5, thereby increasing the water flow rate; when the valve stem 22 slides upwards, its lower end gradually blocks the flow area of ​​the connecting pipe 5, thereby reducing the water flow rate. By controlling the up-and-down sliding position of the valve stem 22, the water flow rate in the connecting pipe 5 can be precisely adjusted, thereby controlling the water spray volume of the nozzle 903. The valve stem 22 is made of stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and can work in a water flow environment for a long time. The sealing ring is made of fluororubber, which has excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, effectively preventing water leakage and extending service life.

[0053] A mating column 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the valve column 22. The mating column 28 has an inverted conical cavity inside. A spherical wind cap 24 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the outer shell 23. A rotating frame 25 is fixedly connected inside the spherical wind cap 24. The rotating frame 25 is rotatably connected inside the outer shell 23. A sliding rod 26 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating frame 25. A slider 27 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 26. The inclined surface of the slider 27 is slidably connected inside the inverted conical cavity. A spring 29 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mating column 28. The bottom end of the spring 29 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the outer shell 23.

[0054] Specifically, the mating column 28 is a cylindrical structure. The bottom end of the mating column 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the valve column 22 by bolts, allowing it to slide up and down with the valve column 22. The mating column 28 has an inverted conical cavity inside, with the cavity opening upwards and a smooth, sloping inner wall. The spherical wind cap 24 is a hollow spherical structure. Multiple arc-shaped blades are evenly distributed on the surface of the spherical wind cap 24, with optimized blade angles for rotation under relatively low wind speeds. A rotating shaft is welded to the center of the lower surface of the spherical wind cap 24, passing through the upper surface of the outer casing 23 and rotatably connected to the outer casing 23 via bearings. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating frame 25. The bottom end of the rotating frame 25 is rotatably connected to the outer casing 23 via bearings. The sliding rod 26 is horizontally welded to the four side walls of the rotating frame 25, extending radially along the rotating frame 25. The slider 27 is a block structure. A sliding hole is provided inside the slider 27, through which the sliding rod 26 slidably connects with the slider 27. The lower surface of slider 27 is provided with an inclined surface, the angle of which is the same as the angle of the inner wall of the inverted conical cavity inside the mating column 28, allowing it to slide freely along the inner wall of the inverted conical cavity. Spring 29 is sleeved on the outside of mating column 28. The top end of spring 29 is fixedly connected to a boss on the outer wall of mating column 28, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of outer shell 23. Spring 29 has a certain preload during installation, which can apply an upward elastic force to mating column 28, keeping valve column 22 in the highest position. At this time, the flow area of ​​connecting pipe 5 is the smallest, and the water spray volume is also the smallest. When wind is generated outside, the wind blows the spherical wind cap 24 to rotate. The rotation of spherical wind cap 24 drives rotating frame 25 and slide rod 26 to rotate together. The rotation of slide rod 26 drives slider 27 to perform circular motion. During the circular motion, slider 27 generates centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, slider 27 slides along slide rod 26 in a direction away from the axis of rotating frame 25. When slider 27 slides outward, its lower surface slopes along the inner wall of the inverted conical cavity inside mating column 28, thus pushing mating column 28 downward. The downward sliding of mating column 28 causes valve column 22 to slide downward, increasing the flow area of ​​connecting pipe 5 and thus increasing the water spray volume. The stronger the external wind, the faster the rotation speed of spherical vent cap 24, the greater the centrifugal force generated by slider 27, the farther slider 27 slides outward, the greater the downward sliding distance of mating column 28 and valve column 22, the larger the flow area of ​​connecting pipe 5, and the greater the water spray volume. When the external wind decreases, the rotation speed of spherical vent cap 24 slows down, and the centrifugal force generated by slider 27 decreases. At this time, spring 29 pushes mating column 28 and valve column 22 upward, reducing the flow area of ​​connecting pipe 5 and thus reducing the water spray volume. When there is no external wind, spring 29 pushes mating column 28 and valve column 22 to their highest position, at which point the flow area of ​​connecting pipe 5 is minimized, and the water spray volume is also minimized.This automatic flow regulation mechanism requires no electricity and can automatically adjust the water spray volume using only external wind power. It is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can adapt to the dust suppression needs under different wind conditions in real time, ensuring the stability of the dust suppression effect while also saving water resources.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction engineering, comprising a water tank (1), wherein the water tank (1) is fixedly connected to and communicates with a water supply column (2), a water pump is fixedly installed inside the water tank (1), a ventilation duct (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply column (2), a water supply pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply column (2), a connecting pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply pipe (4), and casters (30) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank (1), characterized in that, A hollow ring (6) is slidably connected inside the water supply column (2). A buffer mechanism (7) is connected to the outer wall of the hollow ring (6). A piston head (8) is connected to the buffer mechanism (7). The outer wall of the piston head (8) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column (2). A diversion pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the water supply column (2). The bottom end of the diversion pipe (11) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the water tank (1). A limit rod is fixedly connected to the lower inner side of the water supply column (2). The communicating pipe (5) passes through the air duct (3) and is fixedly connected to the spraying mechanism (9).

2. The dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer mechanism (7) includes a sleeve (701), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring (6), and an inner rod (702) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (701). The top end of the inner rod (702) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head (8), and a tension spring (703) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston head (8). The bottom end of the tension spring (703) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow ring (6).

3. The dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism (9) includes a fan (901) and a water supply ring (902). The fan (901) and the water supply ring (902) are both fixedly connected inside the air duct (3). The water supply ring (902) is connected to the connecting pipe (5). Multiple sets of nozzles (903) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water supply ring (902).

4. The dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the piston head (8) is fixedly connected to an annular scraper (31), and the outer wall of the annular scraper (31) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water supply column (2).

5. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water supply column (2) is fixedly connected to a bracket (12), and the bracket (12) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (13). The outer walls of the rotating shaft (13) are respectively fixedly connected to a protective plate (14) and a crank (15). The outer wall of the protective plate (14) can fit against the outer wall of the nozzle (903). One end of a torsion spring (19) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (13), and the other end of the torsion spring (19) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bracket (12).

6. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixing plate (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water supply column (2). A sliding column (18) is slidably connected inside the fixing plate (10). The bottom end of the sliding column (18) can fit against the upper surface of the piston head (8). A connecting rod (17) is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding column (18). A connecting rod (16) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (17). The connecting rod (16) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crank handle (15). A limiting groove (32) is provided on the upper side of the water supply column (2). The connecting rod (17) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove (32).

7. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water supply column (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner tube (20), which is located inside the water supply pipe (4). The water supply column (2) and the connecting pipe (5) are both connected between the inner tube (20) and the water supply pipe (4). The inner tube (20) is made of stainless steel, and the water supply pipe (4) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

8. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the inner tube (20) and the inner wall of the water supply pipe (4) are both provided with threaded grooves (21). The inside of the threaded grooves (21) is provided with staggered saw teeth. The inner tube (20) and the water supply pipe (4) are provided with variable cross sections.

9. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the connecting pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (23), and the inside of the connecting pipe (5) is slidably connected to the valve column (22).

10. A dust suppression device for environmentally friendly construction projects according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper surface of the valve column (22) is fixedly connected to a mating column (28), and the interior of the mating column (28) is provided with an inverted conical cavity. The upper surface of the outer shell (23) is rotatably connected to a spherical wind cap (24), and the interior of the spherical wind cap (24) is fixedly connected to a rotating frame (25). The rotating frame (25) is rotatably connected to the interior of the outer shell (23). The outer wall of the rotating frame (25) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (26), and the outer wall of the sliding rod (26) is slidably connected to a slider (27). The inclined surface of the slider (27) is slidably connected to the interior of the inverted conical cavity. The outer wall of the mating column (28) is fixedly connected to a spring (29), and the bottom end of the spring (29) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the outer shell (23).

Images