A household-type cogeneration furnace equipment

Abstract

This application relates to a household-type combined heat and carbon production furnace. The equipment includes: a furnace body, a carbonization furnace, and a locking assembly. The furnace body has a double-layered cylindrical structure with a liftable furnace plate installed at its bottom. The carbonization furnace is suspended within the furnace body, with an annular gap between the furnace and the furnace body. A vertically aligned guide tube is installed inside the carbonization furnace, with its top end flush with the top surface of the furnace and its bottom end extending from the bottom of the furnace to the outside. A locking assembly for fixing the position of the furnace plate is also installed at the bottom of the furnace body, allowing for multi-level adjustment of the furnace plate's height. The solution provided in this application can fully utilize the heat energy generated by combustion and directly utilize the combustible gas produced during pyrolysis as secondary fuel for reburning, significantly improving thermal efficiency and producing biochar, thus achieving a heat-carbon cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of household gas stove technology, and in particular to a household cogeneration furnace device. Background Technology

[0002] my country has abundant crop straw resources, but crop straw cannot be effectively utilized. It is generally burned or stored in the fields. Large-scale burning can easily pollute the air environment, while piling in the fields can easily breed pests and pose a fire hazard.

[0003] Biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology offers a solution to this problem. By heating and decomposing biomass raw materials such as crop straw, rice husks, sawdust, and branches under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions, biochar, pyrolysis gas, and tar can be produced. Biochar can be used as a soil conditioner, fuel, or industrial raw material, while pyrolysis gas can be recovered and reused as combustible gas. This technology is one of the important pathways for the resource utilization of biomass and is of great significance for reducing open burning of straw, improving the rural environment, and promoting the resource utilization of agricultural waste.

[0004] Fixed industrial carbonization equipment is typically large-scale and has a high processing capacity, but it requires high investment and a large area. It also necessitates transporting biomass raw materials from the fields to the plant for processing, resulting in high transportation costs and long processing cycles, making it unsuitable for individual farmers or the decentralized processing needs of rural areas. While mobile carbonization vehicles can operate in the fields, their complex structure, high manufacturing costs, and requirement for specialized operators make them difficult to promote at the household level. Furthermore, my country's agricultural scale is relatively low, and the scattered operations of small farmers hinder the centralized harvesting of straw, especially in the southwestern plateau region where rugged terrain and inconvenient transportation make straw collection and transportation particularly difficult. However, due to the large temperature difference between day and night in this region, farmers have a strong demand for heating and cooking. While electricity is stable and environmentally friendly, its cost is higher than traditional stove heating, making it less of a first choice for farmers.

[0005] Once fuel is added to a regular stove, it can only be passively burned out. However, there is often a mismatch between the timing of cooking and heating needs. As a result, the fuel added for cooking continues to burn after the meal is finished, but there is no longer a need for cooking, while the need for heating has not yet begun. This easily leads to heat waste and increased fuel consumption, making it impossible to effectively utilize thermal energy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address or partially address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a household-type cogeneration furnace. This equipment, by setting up a carbonization furnace inside the furnace, can fully utilize the heat energy generated by combustion and directly use the combustible gas generated during pyrolysis as secondary fuel for reburning, which can significantly improve thermal efficiency and produce biochar, thus realizing a thermal-carbon cycle.

[0007] This application provides a household-type cogeneration furnace, comprising: The furnace body is a double-layered cylindrical structure, with a closed annular cavity formed between the inner liner and the outer shell. An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the outer shell, and several air holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the inner liner. A liftable furnace plate is also installed at the bottom of the inner liner. A carbonization furnace is suspended in the inner liner with an annular gap between it and the inner liner. A vertical guide tube is provided inside the carbonization furnace, with the top end of the guide tube flush with the top surface of the carbonization furnace and the bottom end of the guide tube extending out from the bottom of the carbonization furnace to connect to the outside. A detachable top cover is also installed on the top of the carbonization furnace. A locking assembly is installed at the bottom of the furnace body to fix the position of the furnace plate. The locking assembly includes a ring, a spring, and a locking rod. The ring is fixed to the bottom of the furnace plate. An adjusting rod is provided vertically at the bottom of the furnace plate. The adjusting rod passes through the ring and slides with the ring. A locking hole is provided horizontally on the side wall of the ring. The locking rod is slidably connected in the locking hole. One end of the spring is fixed to the ring and the other end is fixed to the locking rod. The spring is always in a stretched state, so that the locking rod is always pressed against the adjusting rod under the action of the elastic force. The adjusting rod has several locking holes along its vertical direction. By inserting the locking rod into the locking holes at different heights, the height of the furnace plate can be adjusted in multiple levels.

[0008] Optionally, in some embodiments, the carbonization furnace has a cylindrical structure with a vertically arranged guide tube at its center, a feeding port at the top of the furnace, and a retaining ring at the edge of the top of the furnace, forming an annular sealing groove between the retaining ring and the feeding port. After the top cover is threaded to the feeding port, the sealing performance can be improved by filling the sealing groove with sealing filler. Several hanging ears are provided along the circumference of the top edge of the carbonization furnace, which can be used to hang the carbonization furnace in the inner liner of the furnace body.

[0009] Optionally, in some embodiments, the carbonization furnace is an annular structure with an airflow channel at its center. A conduit is provided vertically inside the carbonization furnace, and the bottom end of the conduit passes through the bottom of the carbonization furnace and extends into the airflow channel. A top cover is also connected to the top of the carbonization furnace by threads. Several hanging ears are provided along the circumference of the edge of the top cover, and the carbonization furnace can be hung in the inner liner of the furnace body through the hanging ears.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments, both ends of the catheter have serrated structures.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments, one end of the locking rod is slidably connected in the locking hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to a connecting piece. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting piece. A pull rod is also provided on the connecting piece. The locking rod can be pulled by the pull rod to disengage it from the locking hole, thereby releasing the fixation of the furnace plate position.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments, a limiting rod is provided vertically on the inner wall of the inner liner, and a limiting groove is provided at the edge of the furnace plate to cooperate with the limiting rod. When the furnace plate is installed in the inner liner, the limiting groove and the limiting rod slide together, so that the furnace plate can only slide and adjust vertically.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments, a first locking hole and a second locking hole are provided vertically on the adjusting rod. When the locking rod is inserted into the first locking hole, the furnace plate is in a low position, which facilitates the addition of fuel. When the locking rod is inserted into the second locking hole, the furnace plate is in a high position, which brings the furnace plate closer to the bottom of the carbonization furnace, reduces the space of the combustion zone, and makes the heat more concentrated.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments, the furnace body is provided with support legs at the bottom, which allow the furnace body to be lifted off the ground, and the height of the bottom of the furnace body from the ground is greater than the length of the adjusting rod.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments, a fuel port is provided on the side of the bottom of the furnace body, and an openable and closable furnace door is installed at the fuel port. When the furnace plate is in a high position, the bottom surface of the furnace plate is higher than the top surface of the fuel port, thereby preventing air from entering the furnace from the fuel port.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments, a flame-gathering assembly is installed on the top of the furnace body, including a first flame-blocking ring, a second flame-blocking ring, and a cover. The top of the furnace body is provided with a pad with a connection port. The first flame-blocking ring, the second flame-blocking ring, and the cover can be stacked sequentially at the connection port to change the size of the connection port and facilitate the control of the flame pattern.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects: This application utilizes a suspended carbonization furnace within the furnace body, enabling simultaneous pyrolysis and carbonization during cooking. This allows for secondary combustion of the combustible gases produced during pyrolysis, improving fuel utilization efficiency. The suspended structure creates a stable combustion zone between the bottom of the carbonization furnace and the furnace plate, ensuring even and continuous heating while meeting cooking requirements, thus enhancing the carbonization effect. The liftable furnace plate design allows for raising the plate to compress the combustion zone space and maintain its temperature when fuel levels decrease. Furthermore, a flame-gathering component on the furnace top allows for flexible adjustment of the flame pattern, enabling rapid switching between cooking and carbonization modes, balancing heat intensity and pyrolysis efficiency to meet the needs of different scenarios.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial structural sectional view of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the locking components and the furnace tray of this application; Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional sectional view of the structure of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial structural front sectional view of this application; Figure 6 This is a partial structural front sectional view of this application; Figure 7 This is a partial structural side sectional view of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the carbonization furnace of this application; Figure 9 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the carbonization furnace of this application; Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fire-concentrating component of this application; Figure 11 This is another structural schematic diagram of the fire-gathering component of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another carbonization furnace according to this application; Figure 13 This is a structural cross-sectional view of another carbonization furnace in this application.

[0021] Figure label: 1-Furnace body, 11-Outer shell, 12-Inner liner, 121-Air hole, 13-Air inlet, 14-Fuel port, 15-Limiting flange, 16-Support leg, 17-Limiting rod, 18-Cavity, 19-Plate, 191-Connection port; 2-Fire-gathering assembly, 21-First fire-blocking ring, 211-First flange, 212-Bracket, 213-Connecting protrusion, 22-Second fire-blocking ring, 221-Second flange, 23-Cap, 231-Small hole; 3-Furnace door, 31-Clip lever, 32-Clip slot; 4-Carbonization furnace, 41-Conduit pipe, 42-Feeding port, 43-Baffle ring, 44-Sealing groove, 45-Hanging ear, 46-Top cover, 47-Handle; 4'-Carbonization furnace', 41'-Conduit pipe', 42'-Top cover', 43'-Hanging lug'; 5-furnace plate, 51-adjusting rod, 511-first locking hole, 512-second locking hole, 52-limiting groove; 6-Locking assembly, 61-Ring, 611-Locking hole, 62-Connecting rod, 63-Spring, 64-Locking rod, 65-Connecting piece, 66-Pull rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0023] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0025] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] See Figure 1 A household-type cogeneration furnace, comprising: Furnace body 1, see Figure 2The furnace body 1 has a double-layered cylindrical structure and can be made of stainless steel or heat-resistant alloy. A closed annular cavity 18 is formed between the inner liner 12 and the outer shell 11. An air inlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 11. Several air holes 121 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the inner liner 12, arranged vertically along the circumference of the inner liner 12 to form multiple ventilation zones. During combustion in the furnace body 1, air enters the annular cavity 18 through the air inlet 13 and then enters the inner liner 12 through the air holes 121 to participate in combustion. When increased combustion intensity is required, a blower can be added at the air inlet 13. Through the design of the cavity 18 and the air holes 121, air is evenly distributed around the entire circumference of the inner liner 12, rather than being limited to a single air intake direction. This ensures that the air fully contacts the fuel, improving combustion efficiency and preventing the airflow generated by the blower from directly impacting the fuel and affecting combustion stability.

[0027] Furthermore, to facilitate the adjustment of the air intake, a valve can be added at the air intake 13. The valve can be a conventional hand-turn valve. By adjusting the opening of the valve, the airflow into the cavity 18 can be controlled, thereby regulating the combustion intensity and meeting different thermal demand scenarios.

[0028] The carbonization furnace 4 is suspended within the inner liner 12 and has two different structures to suit different usage needs. One is a cylindrical structure, and the other is a ring structure. The cylindrical carbonization furnace has a larger capacity but obstructs the flame path, allowing the flame to rise only around the circumference of the furnace, making it more suitable for pyrolysis. The ring carbonization furnace, due to its central void, creates an airflow channel, allowing the flame to penetrate directly upwards, which is more conducive to heat conduction. However, its capacity is relatively smaller, making it more suitable for cooking.

[0029] For details, see Figure 8 , Figure 9The cylindrical carbonization furnace 4 is a hollow cylinder with a spherical bottom to facilitate the upward spread of the flame. Four hanging ears 45 are arranged circumferentially along the top edge of the furnace 4. These ears are inverted L-shaped structures, evenly spaced at 90-degree intervals. The diameter of the circle formed between the bottoms of each ear 45 matches the diameter of the opening at the top of the inner liner 12, while the diameter of the circle formed between the tops of each ear 45 is larger than the diameter of the opening at the top of the inner liner 12. This allows the carbonization furnace 4 to be suspended and positioned on the top of the inner liner 12, preventing lateral sliding. Furthermore, the ears 45 maintain a uniform annular gap between the carbonization furnace 4 and the sidewall of the inner liner 12. This gap ensures that the flame rises evenly along the sidewall of the inner liner 12 and emerges from the top of the furnace body 1. Simultaneously, the flame's envelopment ensures uniform heating of the carbonization furnace 4, thus guaranteeing a highly efficient and stable pyrolysis process. A circular feeding port 42 is provided on the top of the carbonization furnace 4. The feeding port 42 protrudes from the top surface of the carbonization furnace 4 and has threads on the outside. The top cover 46 is screwed into the feeding port 42 through the threads to seal. Since the sealing performance may decrease due to thread wear or carbon accumulation after long-term use, a retaining ring 43 is also provided at the edge of the top of the carbonization furnace 4, so that the retaining ring 43 and the feeding port 42 form an annular sealing groove 44. When the top cover 46 is tightened, sealing fillers such as wet mud can be added into the annular sealing groove 44 to further improve the sealing performance and ensure that the pyrolysis process continues to be stable in an oxygen-deficient environment. A vertically aligned conduit 41 is installed at the center of the carbonization furnace 4. The top of the conduit 41 is flush with the top surface of the carbonization furnace 4, and the bottom of the conduit 41 extends 2-3 cm from the bottom of the carbonization furnace 4 to the outside. When combustible gas is generated during pyrolysis, the gas pressure inside the carbonization furnace 4 increases. Under the action of gas pressure, the combustible gas enters through the top of the conduit 41 and flows downward along the conduit 41, eventually being discharged from its bottom to the combustion zone at the bottom of the inner liner 12, directly participating in secondary combustion. This method improves thermal energy utilization and reduces pollutant emissions. Furthermore, through the continuous discharge and combustion of combustible gas, the pyrolysis process can be maintained, forming a "pyrolysis-combustion" cycle, reducing the consumption of external fuel. To facilitate the removal of the carbonization furnace 4, a handle 47 is provided on the top cover 46. When it is necessary to remove the carbonization furnace 4, simply use a hook to hook the handle 47 and pull upwards to remove the carbonization furnace 4.

[0030] Furthermore, the conduit 41 can be designed as a conical structure, with the part inside the carbonization furnace 4 being thicker and the part outside the carbonization furnace 4 gradually tapering, in order to enhance the flow rate of the combustible gas when it is ejected, promote the full mixing of the combustible gas and air, and enhance the effect of secondary combustion.

[0031] Furthermore, to prevent the end of the conduit 41 from being blocked by material, a removable protective cover can be fitted onto the top of the conduit 41 when adding material to the carbonization furnace 4. The protective cover is conical and cap-shaped, and is directly fastened to the top of the conduit 41 to prevent material from falling into the conduit 41. The protective cover can be removed after the material is added. After the material is added and the top cover 46 is closed, the material may be slightly displaced due to shaking during the transfer process. At this time, the protective cover has been removed, and there is a risk that the material may cover the top of the conduit 41 due to shaking. The bottom of the conduit 41 may be blocked due to fuel addition or ash accumulation. Therefore, by designing both ends of the conduit 41 with a toothed structure, even if the end of the conduit 41 is partially covered by material or ash, the airflow can still pass smoothly through the gaps between the teeth, ensuring that the air passage is always unobstructed and reducing the risk of blockage of the conduit 41.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that, see Figure 5 The height of the vent 121 on the inner liner 12 needs to be higher than the bottom of the conduit 41 to prevent the airflow from the vent from blowing directly onto the combustible gas discharged from the conduit 41, thereby ensuring the stable combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion zone.

[0033] See Figure 4 A liftable furnace plate 5 is installed at the bottom of the inner liner 12. The furnace plate 5, furnace body 1, and carbonization furnace 4 together form the combustion zone. Before using the furnace body 1, sufficient fuel needs to be added to the combustion zone. To accommodate the fuel, such as... Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the furnace plate 5 is at its lowest position, and the combustion zone space is at its largest. After combustion has been going on for a period of time, the fuel is gradually consumed, and the flame height decreases accordingly. An excessively large combustion zone space will not only lead to increased heat loss, but will also cause the flame generated at the conduit 41 to be too dispersed and difficult to concentrate on heating the bottom of the carbonization furnace 4, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the furnace plate 5 can be raised to bring it closer to the bottom of the carbonization furnace 4, thereby reducing the combustion zone space, increasing flame concentration and heat transfer efficiency, maintaining the temperature of the carbonization furnace 4, and ensuring the stability of the pyrolysis process. Further details can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 , Figure 7Because a fuel inlet 14 for adding fuel to the combustion zone is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and an openable and closable furnace door 3 is provided at the fuel inlet 14, one side of the furnace door 3 is hinged to the outer wall of the outer shell 11, and the other side is hinged to a locking rod 31. The outer shell 11 is also provided with a locking groove 32 that matches the locking rod 31. When it is necessary to close the furnace door 3, rotate the furnace door 3 to fit it against the fuel inlet 14, and screw the locking rod 31 into the locking groove 32 to lock it. When the furnace plate 5 is raised, if the height is not high enough, the furnace plate 5 will be within the coverage area of ​​the fuel inlet 14. At this time, outside air will directly enter the combustion zone from the bottom of the furnace body 1 through the fuel inlet 14, causing the combustion intensity to be uncontrolled. Therefore, when adjusting the height of the furnace plate 5, it is necessary to ensure that the position of the furnace plate 5 is not within the coverage area of ​​the fuel inlet 14 in order to maintain the controllability of the airflow in the combustion zone.

[0034] For details, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 The furnace plate 5 is disc-shaped, and its diameter matches the inner diameter of the inner liner 12. Three arc-shaped limiting grooves 52 are provided on the edge of the furnace plate 5. Corresponding arc-shaped limiting rods 17 are vertically positioned on the inner wall of the bottom of the inner liner 12. The furnace plate 5 slides through the limiting grooves 52 and the limiting rods 17, thus allowing the furnace plate 5 to only rise and fall vertically, preventing horizontal displacement or rotation. An adjusting rod 51 is vertically positioned at the center of the bottom of the furnace plate 5. The adjusting rod 51 has a first locking hole 511 and a second locking hole 512, with the first locking hole 511 located above the second locking hole 512. Support legs 16 are provided at the bottom of the furnace body 1, allowing the bottom of the furnace body 1 to be suspended in the air. The height of the bottom of the furnace body 1 from the ground must be greater than the length of the adjusting rod 51, thus providing space for the raising and lowering operation of the adjusting rod 51. A locking assembly 6 for fixing the position of the furnace plate 5 is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1. The locking assembly 6 includes a ring 61, a spring 63, and a locking rod 64. The ring 61 is fixed to the support leg 16 via a connecting rod 62, and the ring 61 is located below the furnace plate 5 and is concentric with the furnace plate 5. The adjusting rod 51 passes through the ring 61 and slides with the ring 61. A locking hole 611 is provided laterally on the side wall of the ring 61. One end of the locking rod 64 is slidably connected in the locking hole 611, and the other end is fixed to a connecting piece 65. One end of the spring 63 is fixed to the outer wall of the ring 61, and the other end is fixed to the connecting piece 65. The spring 63 is always in a stretched state, so that the locking rod 64 is always pressed against the adjusting rod 51 under the action of elasticity. A pull rod 66 is also laterally fixed on the other side of the connecting piece 65. The locking rod 64 can be pulled by the pull rod 66 to disengage it from the locking hole, thereby releasing the fixation of the furnace plate 5. For use, see Figure 5When the furnace plate 5 is in its lowest position, it fits against the limiting flange 15 at the bottom of the inner liner 12. At this time, the combustion zone space is at its maximum. The first locking hole 511 aligns with the locking hole 611, and the locking rod 64 is engaged in the first locking hole 511, locking the furnace plate 5 in its lowest position. As the fuel is gradually consumed, the flame in the combustion zone gradually weakens and moves away from the carbonization furnace 4. At this time, the operator can wear heat-resistant gloves, pull the lever 66 with one hand to disengage the locking rod 64 from the first locking hole 511, and hold the adjusting rod 51 with the other hand to slowly lift it up, raising the furnace plate 5. Then, release the lever 66, and the spring 63 will immediately drive the locking rod 64 to reset and press against the outer wall of the adjusting rod 51. Continue to lift the adjusting rod 51 until the second locking hole 512 aligns with the locking hole 611. The locking rod 64 will automatically engage under the action of the spring 63, completing the high-position locking of the furnace plate 5. At this time, the furnace plate 5 moves upward to compress the combustion zone space, allowing the flame to re-approach the carbonization furnace 4 to maintain efficient pyrolysis.

[0035] When farmers perform cooking operations such as stir-frying, high heat is required. Because the carbonization furnace 4 in this embodiment has a cylindrical structure and is located in the center of the furnace body 1, the path of the rising flame is blocked by the carbonization furnace 4. The flame must travel around its outer edge to reach the top opening of the furnace body 1, resulting in an overly dispersed flame that is difficult to concentrate in the center of the pot, affecting heating efficiency. Therefore, a flame-concentrating component 2 is added to the top of the furnace body 1. (See [reference]) Figure 10 , Figure 11 The fire-gathering assembly 2 includes a first fire-blocking ring 21, a second fire-blocking ring 22, and a cover 23. A pad 19 is provided on the top of the furnace body 1. The function of the pad 19 is to increase the height of the opening at the top of the furnace body 1, so that the fire-gathering assembly 2 can be stably installed on it and avoid interference between the wok and the carbonization furnace 4 when it is placed. A connection port 191 is opened at the center of the pad 19. The diameter of the connection port 191 is larger than the outer diameter of the carbonization furnace 4 and leaves enough space for the hanging ears 45. The first fire-blocking ring 21 has a ring structure. Its bottom is provided with a connecting protrusion 213 with a diameter matching the connection port 191. The connecting protrusion 213 can be embedded in the connection port 191 to achieve lateral limitation and ensure that the first fire-blocking ring 21 is stably centered. A first flange 211 for placing the second fire-blocking ring 22 is provided on the inner ring of the first fire-blocking ring 21. Six supports 212 for placing pots are evenly provided on the top surface of the first fire-blocking ring 21 along its circumference. The second fire baffle ring 22 is nested at the first flange 211, and the inner ring of the second fire baffle ring 22 is provided with a second flange 221 to support the cover 23. The cover 23 has a small hole 231 in the center to facilitate the operator to use a hook to hook up the cover 23 for loading and unloading.

[0036] When cooking tasks that do not require high heat, such as boiling water, only the first baffle ring 21 needs to be installed to distribute heat over a larger area at the bottom of the pot, improving heating uniformity. When stir-frying, which requires concentrated heat, the second baffle ring 22 is installed to concentrate the flame in the center of the pot bottom, improving thermal efficiency. When carbonization is performed, after the temperature inside the furnace body 1 rises to the temperature required for carbonization, the cover 23 is put on and the air inlet 13 and fuel inlet 14 are sealed to create an oxygen-deficient environment inside the furnace, which facilitates pyrolysis and carbonization.

[0037] In other implementations, see Figure 12 , Figure 13 Alternatively, a ring-shaped carbonization furnace 4' can be used as needed. This type of carbonization furnace 4' sacrifices some volume to form a vertical airflow channel in the center. The flame can rush straight to the center of the pot bottom along this channel, reducing the resistance of the flame's circulation. Compared with the cylindrical carbonization furnace 4, the flame intensity is significantly improved. Similarly, a conical guide tube 41' is provided vertically inside the carbonization furnace 4'. The two ends of the guide tube 41' are also toothed, with its top end close to the top of the carbonization furnace 4' and its bottom end bent and passing through the side wall of the carbonization furnace 4', extending laterally to the central airflow channel. A top cover 42' is also connected to the top of the carbonization furnace 4' by threads. Four hanging ears 43' are provided along the circumference of the edge of the top cover 42'. The carbonization furnace 4' can be hung in the inner liner 12 of the furnace body 1 through the hanging ears 43'.

[0038] Specific work process: Phase 1: Start-up and Drying (0-20 minutes) Remove the ignition assembly 2, add the material into the carbonization furnace 4, and place the carbonization furnace 4 inside the furnace body 1. Lower the furnace plate 5 to its lowest position, add firewood into the combustion zone through the fuel inlet 14, and ignite it. The temperature of the material inside the carbonization furnace 4 gradually increases, and the free water and bound water in the material evaporate, producing a large amount of water vapor. This stage is the material drying stage, and the temperature in the combustion zone gradually rises, providing the initial heat source for subsequent carbonization.

[0039] Second stage: Pyrolysis and enhanced combustion (20-80 minutes) After material drying is complete, the process enters the pyrolysis and carbonization stage. Combustible gases (mainly CH4, H2, and CO) are generated within the carbonization furnace 4 and introduced into the combustion zone through conduit 41. The combustible gases burn within the combustion zone, significantly enhancing flame intensity; the combustion zone temperature can reach 800℃, intensifying the pyrolysis reaction within the carbonization furnace and achieving a self-reinforcing heat source. This stage provides strong and sustained heat, suitable for high-heat cooking operations such as stir-frying, and allows for flexible flame pattern switching with the flame-gathering component 2.

[0040] Third stage: Combustion and stable carbonization (80-120 minutes) The temperature inside carbonization furnace 4 is maintained at around 500℃, entering a stable carbonization stage. During this stage, no further firewood needs to be added; the combustion zone relies entirely on the combustible gas supplied by the carbonization furnace for combustion, achieving "fuel-saving" operation. The continuous combustion of the combustible gas provides a stable heat source for carbonization furnace 4, sustaining the carbonization reaction until the combustible gas gradually decreases. Due to the reduced heat during this stage, delicate cooking operations can be performed, such as simmering or low-temperature baking.

[0041] During this stage, a continuous production mode can also be switched, namely, a multi-carbonization furnace 4 circulating gas supply method is adopted: In the third stage, the carbonization furnace 4 that has completed carbonization is taken out from the furnace body 1, and the high-temperature biochar in it is put into the combustion zone as auxiliary fuel; at the same time, a new carbonization furnace 4 is loaded into the furnace body 1 to form a new carbonization batch; through the rotation of multiple carbonization furnaces 4, the heat source and gas source of the combustion zone are continuously supplied, so that the furnace body 1 can maintain continuous heating.

[0042] Fourth stage: Anaerobic carbonization and cooling (120-300 minutes) After 120 minutes, the combustible gas is almost exhausted, and the gas supply to the combustion zone stops. Carbonization furnace 4 enters an oxygen-free environment, and the temperature drops naturally, allowing the material to complete the carbonization reaction under oxygen-deficient conditions. The carbonization reaction is essentially complete after 240–300 minutes, and the biochar product is removed.

[0043] Table 1 Comparison of the properties of carbonization products made from wood In Table 1, all experiments were conducted using a cylindrical carbonization furnace 4. The first group was removed after the third stage; a small amount of wood inside showed signs of incomplete carbonization, but the carbon yield reached 16.6%. The second group was removed at the end of the fourth stage; due to the extended carbonization time, the carbon yield was even higher, reaching 20.1%. Comparatively, completing the third stage only takes 120 minutes, while completing the fourth stage takes 300 minutes, but the carbon yield only increases by 3.5%. If carbonization is the primary objective, the carbonization process can be terminated after the third stage. Furthermore, since the carbonization reaction is essentially complete in the third stage, the aforementioned continuous production mode is entirely feasible.

[0044] Furthermore, to verify the impact of the amount of material added per batch on carbonization efficiency, third and fourth groups of experiments were conducted. To significantly increase the amount of material added per batch, both groups used more than three times the amount added in the second group. Correspondingly, since the size of the carbonization furnace 4 used in the second group experiment could not accommodate such a large volume of material, a larger volume carbonization furnace 4 was used instead, but its structure remained the same as the original carbonization furnace 4, only the volume was increased. The experimental results showed that in the third and fourth groups of experiments, the weight of fuel consumed was basically equal to the weight of material added to the carbonization furnace 4, while the fuel consumption in the second group was significantly higher than the weight of material. Moreover, the carbon production rates of the third and fourth groups reached 24.4% and 24.2% respectively, significantly higher than the 20.1% of the second group. This is because the increased size of the carbonization furnace and the increased amount of material added to the carbonization furnace resulted in an increased amount of combustible gas produced, leading to more intense combustion, more thorough carbonization, and greater fuel savings.

[0045] To verify the effect of the conduit 41 on thermal efficiency and carbonization effect in this application, wood was used as the carbonization raw material. Under the same furnace body 1 structure, the same fuel (firewood, single addition amount 3800g), the same carbonization furnace 4 (cylindrical, loaded with 4000g of material) and the same operating procedure, an experimental group (with conduit installed, combustible gas is introduced into the combustion zone through the conduit) and a control group (without conduit installed, pyrolysis gas is naturally dissipated or partially burned) were set up.

[0046] It should be noted that the control group, due to its lack of a conduit design, cannot be completely sealed off, otherwise there would be an explosion risk. Therefore, a gap is left at the top to facilitate the safe escape of flammable gases.

[0047] Each group was repeated three times, and the average value was taken. The results are as follows: Table 2 Comparison of the performance of the conduit on carbonized products Table 2 compares and verifies the effect of the conduit 41. The comparison shows that without the conduit, the combustible gas will escape from the top gap, resulting in dispersed and inefficient combustion. It cannot effectively heat the combustion zone, resulting in a maximum temperature of only 635℃. Due to insufficient temperature, the carbonization reaction is incomplete, and the carbon production rate is only 18.6%. However, after the conduit is installed, the combustible gas is effectively guided to the combustion zone and concentrated, forming secondary combustion in the combustion zone. The flame is more stable and stronger, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone jumps to 812℃. The high temperature promotes the carbonization reaction to proceed in depth, the biochar structure is more compact and the pores are more uniform, and the final carbon production rate increases to 24.1%, which is 5.5% higher than the control group, showing a significant increase in effect.

[0048] Table 3 Performance Comparison of Annular and Cylindrical Carbonization Furnaces Table 3 presents an empirical comparison of the carbonization rates of the two furnace types. To ensure consistency in all conditions except structure, the volumes of the annular and cylindrical furnaces were adjusted to be identical in this experiment. The weight of the material before carbonization was controlled to be close to 4000g, and the fuel was uniformly 3800g of firewood. The results show that the carbonization rate of the annular furnace was 24.0%, while that of the cylindrical furnace was 24.2%, with only a slight difference. This indicates that under the premise of strictly consistent volume and operating conditions, the furnace shape has little impact on the carbonization rate and can achieve the same effect. However, the cylindrical furnace has a simpler structure, lower manufacturing cost, and more convenient loading and unloading operations, making it easier to promote in practical applications. The annular furnace, on the other hand, is more suitable for carbonization scenarios with special requirements for heat flow distribution.

[0049] Furthermore, this application also records the combustion process of the annular furnace, the specific process of which is as follows: Phase 1: Start-up and Drying (0-15 minutes) Firewood is added to the combustion chamber and ignited. The temperature of the material inside the carbonization furnace gradually rises, and the free water and bound water in the material evaporate, producing a large amount of water vapor. This stage is the material drying stage. The temperature in the combustion chamber gradually rises, providing the initial heat source for subsequent carbonization.

[0050] Second stage: pyrolysis and enhanced combustion (15-25 minutes) After approximately 15 minutes, the material drying is complete, and the pyrolysis and carbonization stage begins. Combustible gases (mainly CH4, H2, and CO) are generated inside the carbonization furnace and introduced into the combustion chamber through a combustible gas delivery pipe. The combustible gases burn within the combustion chamber, significantly enhancing flame intensity; the combustion chamber temperature can reach 800℃, thus intensifying the pyrolysis reaction within the carbonization furnace and achieving a self-reinforcing heat source.

[0051] Third stage: Combustion and stable carbonization (25-50 minutes) The temperature inside the carbonization furnace is maintained at around 600℃, entering a stable carbonization stage. During this stage, no further firewood needs to be added; the combustion chamber relies entirely on the combustible gas supplied by the carbonization furnace for combustion, achieving fuel-efficient operation. The continuous combustion of the combustible gas provides a stable heat source for the carbonization furnace, sustaining the carbonization reaction until the combustible gas gradually decreases.

[0052] Fourth stage: Anaerobic carbonization and cooling (50-300 minutes) After 50 minutes, the combustible gas is almost exhausted, and the combustion chamber stops supplying gas. The carbonization furnace enters an oxygen-free environment, and the temperature drops naturally, allowing the material to complete the carbonization reaction under oxygen-deficient conditions. The carbonization reaction is essentially complete between 50 and 300 minutes, at which point the biochar product is removed.

[0053] Compared with the aforementioned cylindrical furnace, it is clear that the ring furnace completes the first three stages of combustion and enters the oxygen-free carbonization stage more quickly. This also confirms that the ring furnace is more suitable for high-heat demand scenarios such as cooking, while the cylindrical furnace is more suitable for low-heat-load and long-cycle operation scenarios such as heating.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relationships such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A household-type cogeneration furnace, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (1) is a double-layer cylindrical structure. A closed annular cavity (18) is formed between the inner liner (12) and the outer shell (11). An air inlet (13) is provided at the bottom of the outer shell (11). Several air holes (121) are evenly provided on the side wall of the inner liner (12). A liftable furnace plate (5) is also installed at the bottom of the inner liner (12). A carbonization furnace (4) is suspended in the inner liner (12) with an annular gap between the carbonization furnace (4) and the inner liner (12). A guide tube (41) is provided vertically inside the carbonization furnace (4). The top end of the guide tube (41) is flush with the top surface of the carbonization furnace (4). The bottom end of the guide tube (41) extends out from the bottom of the carbonization furnace (4) to connect to the outside. A detachable top cover (46) is also installed on the top of the carbonization furnace (4). Locking assembly (6): The bottom of the furnace body (1) is equipped with a locking assembly (6) for fixing the position of the furnace plate (5). The locking assembly (6) includes a ring (61), a spring (63), and a locking rod (64). The ring (61) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the furnace plate (5). An adjusting rod (51) is provided vertically at the bottom of the furnace plate (5). The adjusting rod (51) passes through the ring (61) and slides with the ring (61). A locking hole (611) is provided horizontally on the side wall of the ring (61). The locking rod (64) is slidably connected in the locking hole (611). One end of the spring (63) is fixedly connected to the ring (61), and the other end is fixedly connected to the locking rod (64). The spring (63) is always in a stretched state, so that the locking rod (64) is always pressed against the adjusting rod (51) under the action of elasticity. Among them, several locking holes are provided on the vertically arranged adjustment rod (51). By inserting the locking rod (64) into the locking holes at different heights, the height of the furnace plate (5) can be adjusted in multiple levels.

2. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization furnace (4) has a cylindrical structure with a tapered guide tube (41) arranged vertically at its center. A feeding port (42) is provided at the top of the carbonization furnace (4), and a retaining ring (43) is provided at the edge of the top of the carbonization furnace (4), so that the retaining ring (43) and the feeding port (42) form an annular sealing groove (44). When the top cover (46) is connected to the feeding port (42) by a thread, the sealing performance can be improved by filling the sealing groove (44) with sealing filler. Several hanging ears (45) are provided along the circumference of the top edge of the carbonization furnace (4). The carbonization furnace (4) can be hung in the inner liner (12) of the furnace body (1) by the hanging ears (45).

3. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonization furnace (4) has a ring structure with an airflow channel at its center. A tapered conical guide tube (41) is provided vertically inside the carbonization furnace (4), and the bottom end of the guide tube (41) passes through the bottom of the carbonization furnace (4) and extends into the airflow channel. A top cover (46) is also connected to the top of the carbonization furnace (4) by a thread. Several hanging ears (45) are provided along the circumference of the edge of the top cover (46). The carbonization furnace (4) can be hung in the inner liner (12) of the furnace body (1) through the hanging ears (45).

4. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Both ends of the catheter (41) have tooth-like structures.

5. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the locking rod (64) is slidably connected in the locking hole (611), and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (65). One end of the spring (63) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ring (61), and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (65). A pull rod (66) is also provided on the connecting piece (65). The locking rod (64) can be pulled by the pull rod (66) to disengage it from the locking hole, thereby releasing the fixation of the furnace plate (5) position.

6. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the inner liner (12) is provided with a limit rod (17) in the vertical direction. The edge of the furnace plate (5) is provided with a limit groove (52) that cooperates with the limit rod (17). When the furnace plate (5) is installed in the inner liner (12), the limit groove (52) and the limit rod (17) are slidably engaged, so that the furnace plate (5) can only be adjusted in the vertical direction.

7. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first locking hole (511) and a second locking hole (512) are provided vertically on the adjusting rod (51). When the locking rod (64) is inserted into the first locking hole (511), the furnace plate (5) is in a low position, which is convenient for adding fuel. When the locking rod (64) is inserted into the second locking hole (512), the furnace plate (5) is in a high position, which makes the furnace plate (5) closer to the bottom of the carbonization furnace (4), reducing the space of the combustion zone and making the heat more concentrated.

8. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is provided with a support foot (16) at the bottom. The furnace body (1) can be lifted off the ground by the support foot (16), and the height of the bottom of the furnace body (1) from the ground is greater than the length of the adjusting rod (51).

9. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) has a fuel port (14) on the side of the bottom. A furnace door (3) that can be opened and closed is installed at the fuel port (14). When the furnace plate (5) is in a high position, the bottom surface of the furnace plate (5) is higher than the top surface of the fuel port (14), thereby preventing air from entering the furnace from the fuel port (14).

10. The household-type cogeneration furnace equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is equipped with a fire-gathering component (2) on the top, including a first fire-blocking ring (21), a second fire-blocking ring (22), and a cover (23). The furnace body (1) is provided with a pad (19) on the top, and a connection port (191) is opened on the pad (19). The first fire-blocking ring (21), the second fire-blocking ring (22), and the cover (23) can be stacked in sequence at the connection port (191) to change the opening size of the connection port (191) and facilitate the control of the flame shape.

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