A gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of gas field production technology, and in particular to a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore. The steps are as follows: Step 1: Deploy a single-flow device; Step 2: Begin the pumping operation; Step 3: The pumping device descends; Step 4: Reciprocating operation; Step 5: Detect the liquid accumulation and resume production. This invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, and provides a downhole device with a reasonable structure, stable performance, and strong gas-liquid lifting capacity, which has a gas-liquid unidirectional flow control function to assist in gas-liquid lifting and prevent liquid backflow. This method solves the problems encountered in the pumping and drainage process of gas wells by adopting a new method of relay drainage using a pumping device and a single-flow device. It can significantly reduce the height of the liquid column in the wellbore, realize the lifting of liquid from the entire wellbore of the liquid-filled gas well, further improve the production recovery effect of the liquid-filled well, and effectively solve the problem of production recovery of liquid-filled gas wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas field production technology, and in particular to a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore. Background Technology

[0002] As production time increases, the proportion of low-yield and inefficient wells rises year by year, and the overall annual production decline rate has also increased in recent years. The problem of gas well liquid accumulation affecting normal production has gradually emerged. The main reason is that in the later stage of production, gas wells have difficulty carrying liquid, and the number of liquid-accumulated wells and intermittent wells has shown an increasing trend year by year. At the same time, affected by high-mineralization formation water, after long-term production, the wellbore and near-well zone have serious scaling.

[0003] Existing wireline retrieval and drainage technology is affected by wellbore structure, scaling, deformation, and other factors, and cannot completely extract the accumulated fluid in the wellbore. This seriously affects the application scope and effectiveness of the technology. The main influencing factors are as follows: First, the pumping device cannot reach the horizontal and inclined sections of horizontal wells, so this part of the accumulated fluid cannot be discharged; Second, gas wells of various shapes are affected by wellbore corrosion, scaling, and torsion deformation, which causes the inner diameter of the wellbore to shrink, making it impossible for the pumping device to pass through, and the lower part of the accumulated fluid cannot be discharged. Therefore, in response to the problem that the existing pumping and drainage process cannot remove the bottom fluid column, a gas well pumping and drainage method for gas production that can remove the accumulated liquid in the entire wellbore can be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problem that existing pumping and drainage processes cannot remove the fluid column from the bottom of the well.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device. Before pumping, check that the pumping device and the single-flow device are in good working order. Use a steel wire to deploy the single-flow device to the predetermined liquid accumulation position in the gas wellbore before starting the pumping operation. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device is successfully deployed, the subsequent pumping operation can begin. After the well is opened, the pumping device moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device by the energy of the gas itself. Step 3: The pumping device descends. After the pumping device completes one upward lift, the gas well needs to be shut down. As the gas well is shut down, the pumping device descends. Because the single-flow device has the performance of unidirectional flow from bottom to top, the liquid in the gas well barrel that has not been lifted to the ground pipeline falls back and will remain in the upper part of the single-flow device. The liquid that has been lifted will not fall back to the bottom of the well. Step 4: Reciprocating operation. After the single-flow device descends to the liquid accumulation position in the wellbore, the well is opened again to lift the liquid and start a new round of pumping operation. By continuously opening and closing the well, and moving the pumping device up and down, the pumping device can be repeatedly cycled to extract all the liquid below the position that the pumping device cannot reach. Step 5: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After operating according to the above well pumping cycle, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft. If the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft is basically drained, it is determined that the gas well shaft has resumed normal production.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation method of the single-flow device in steps two to four is as follows: the steel ball inside the single-flow device is fixed on the spring support. After pushing the spring support and the steel ball, the central channel of the single-flow device forms a channel in which gas and liquid can only flow in one direction from the formation to the wellbore. After the gas and liquid pass through, they return to the sealing groove by means of the compression spring, thereby achieving effective sealing and preventing gas and liquid backflow.

[0007] As a preferred option, the power source for the pumping device in step one is a wire rope trolley.

[0008] Preferably, the single-flow device is located at the lower end of the suction device; the top of the suction device is connected to the wire rope of the wire rope trolley.

[0009] Preferably, the vortex mechanism of the single-flow device in steps two to four is located at the bottom of the entire single-flow device.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, this vortex speed changer differs from conventional structures, mainly consisting of a cylindrical outer frame and an inner spiral blade. Before the airflow passes through the single-flow valve, the vortex speed changer causes the upward gas and liquid to rotate. Firstly, it can create a negative pressure at the top, which is more conducive to the flow of the liquid accumulated at the bottom to the top of the single-flow device. Secondly, after the gas and liquid enter the single-flow device, the rotation enhances the agitation of the gas and liquid, improving the permeability of the gas.

[0011] Preferred wellbore types include straight gas wells, parallel gas wells, and branched gas wells.

[0012] The existing pumping and drainage process uses a surface retrieval vehicle as power, employing a steel cable and a pumping structure consisting of a blowout device, hydraulic pump, blowout preventer, and blowout preventer piping to lift and drain the accumulated fluid from the tubing. This reduces the back pressure of the fluid column on the gas layer, allowing the gas well to resume normal production. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 .

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Compared to the traditional pumping and drainage process, which uses a surface retrieval vehicle as power to lift and drain accumulated liquid from the tubing via a steel cable and pumping device, reducing the back pressure of the liquid column on the gas layer and enabling the gas well to resume normal production, this invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method that removes accumulated liquid from the entire wellbore. It also provides a well-mounted, structurally sound, stable, and highly capable downhole device with unidirectional gas-liquid flow control to assist in gas-liquid lifting and prevent backflow of accumulated liquid. This method, through a novel relay-style drainage approach using both pumping and unidirectional flow devices, solves the problems encountered in the pumping and drainage process of gas wells. It significantly reduces the height of the liquid column in the wellbore, achieving full-wellbore lifting of accumulated liquid in gas wells, further improving the production recovery effect of accumulated wells, providing better technical support for the recovery of accumulated wells, and effectively solving the problem of resuming production in gas wells with accumulated liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a novel vertical well pumping and draining method for gas production according to the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shows a new method for horizontal gas well pumping and draining gas production, which is the gas well pumping and draining gas production method of the present invention. Figure 3 The invention presents a downhole device for the gas well pumping and drainage process, which features a gas-liquid unidirectional flow control function in the gas well pumping and drainage gas production method of the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the principle of the existing gas well pumping and drainage process of the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Gas wellbore; 2. Pumping device; 3. Wellbore fluid accumulation; 4. Single-flow device; 7. Steel ball; 8. Spring support; 9. Compression spring; 10. Sealing groove; 11. Vortex mechanism; 12. Salvage vehicle; 13. Blowout device; 14. Hydraulic pump; 15. Blowout preventer pipe; 16. Blowout preventer pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0017] Example 1 This specific embodiment refers to the successful implementation of a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, as disclosed in this invention, in the Changqing Gas Field from May 20, 2023 to June 10, 2023. Its planar structure is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the gas well has a depth of 1500 meters and a liquid column height of 1000 meters.

[0018] This invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device 4. Before pumping, check that the pumping device 2 and the single-flow device 4 are in good working order. Use a steel wire to deploy the single-flow device 4 to the predetermined wellbore liquid accumulation 3 position of 950 meters in the horizontal gas well before starting the pumping operation. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device 4 is successfully deployed, the subsequent pumping operation can begin. After the well is opened, the pumping device 2 moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device 2 to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device 4 gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device 4 by the energy of the gas itself. At this time, the water level is 950 meters. Step 3: The pumping device 2 descends and the single-flow device 4 is placed at the predetermined wellbore liquid 3 position of 900 meters in the horizontal gas well using a steel wire. Then the pumping operation begins. After the pumping device 2 completes one upward lift, the gas well needs to be shut down. As the gas well is shut down, the pumping device 2 descends. Because the single-flow device 4 has the performance of unidirectional flow from bottom to top, the liquid in the gas wellbore 1 that has not been lifted to the ground pipeline falls back and will remain in the upper part of the single-flow device 4. The liquid that has been lifted will not fall back to the bottom of the well. Step 4: Reciprocating operation. After the single-flow device 4 descends to the position of the accumulated liquid 3 in the well, the well is opened again to lift the accumulated liquid and start a new round of pumping operation. By continuously opening and closing the well, and by the upward and downward movement of the pumping device 2, the liquid column descends at a rate of 50 meters each time. By repeating this cycle, all the accumulated liquid below the position that the pumping device 2 cannot reach can be extracted. Step 5: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After operating according to the above well pumping cycle, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1. If the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1 is found to be basically drained, it is determined that the gas well shaft 1 has resumed normal production.

[0019] Example 1 provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for removing accumulated liquid from the entire wellbore. Since there is a large amount of accumulated liquid in the wellbore of the vertical well, the method of the invention can quickly and effectively remove the accumulated liquid from the wellbore and quickly restore the normal production of the vertical well gas well.

[0020] Example 2 This specific embodiment describes the successful implementation on October 15, 2023, of a gas well in the Shengli Oilfield at a depth of 300 meters and a liquid column height of 60-70 meters, using a gas well pumping and drainage method for discharging liquid from the entire wellbore, as disclosed in this invention. Its planar structure is shown in the diagram below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0021] This invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device 4. Before pumping, check that the pumping device 2 and the single-flow device 4 are in good working order. Use a steel wire to deploy the single-flow device 4 to the predetermined wellbore liquid 3 position 40 meters in the horizontal gas well before starting the pumping operation. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device 4 is successfully deployed, the subsequent pumping operation can begin. After the well is opened, the pumping device 2 moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device 2 to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device 4 gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device 4 by the energy of the gas itself. At this time, the water level is 20-30 meters. Step 3: The pumping device 2 descends and the single-flow device 4 is placed at the bottom of the predetermined wellbore liquid 3 in the horizontal gas well using a steel wire. Then the pumping operation begins. Once the pumping device 2 completes one upward lift, all the liquid below the position that the pumping device 2 cannot reach can be extracted. Step 4: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After operating according to the above well pumping cycle, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1. If the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1 is found to be basically drained, it is determined that the gas well shaft 1 has resumed normal production.

[0022] Example 2 provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for removing accumulated liquid from the entire wellbore. Since the amount of accumulated liquid in the wellbore of a vertical gas well is relatively small, after using the invented method in a vertical gas well, the accumulated liquid in the wellbore can be completely removed in only 1 to 2 times, and the normal production of the vertical gas well can be quickly restored.

[0023] Example 3 Please see Figure 2 This invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device 4. Before the pumping operation, check that the pumping device 2 and the single-flow device 4 are in good working condition. Then, deploy the single-flow device 4 in the horizontal well directional section using the wireline trolley used for the pumping operation. Next, lower the pumping device 2 to the bottom of the horizontal well and start the pumping operation. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device 4 is successfully deployed, the vertical and horizontal sections at the bottom of the horizontal well are equipped with variable-diameter short sections to facilitate subsequent pumping operations. After the well is opened, the pumping device 2 moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device 2 to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device 4 gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device 4 by the energy of the gas itself. Step 3: The pumping device 2 descends. After the pumping device 2 completes one upward lift, the gas well needs to be shut down. As the gas well is shut down, the pumping device 2 descends. Since the single-flow device 4 has the performance of unidirectional flow from bottom to top, the liquid in the gas well shaft 1 that has not been lifted to the ground pipeline falls back and will remain in the upper part of the single-flow device 4. The liquid that has been lifted will not fall back to the bottom of the well. Step 4: Reciprocating operation. After the single-flow device 4 descends to the position of the well fluid accumulation 3, the well is opened again to lift the accumulated fluid and start a new round of pumping operation. By continuously opening and closing the well, and by the upward and downward movement of the pumping device 2, the accumulated fluid below the position that the pumping device 2 cannot reach can be completely extracted. Step 5: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After operating according to the above well pumping cycle, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1. If the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1 is found to be basically drained, it is determined that the gas well shaft 1 has resumed normal production.

[0024] Example 3 provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining all the accumulated liquid in the wellbore. When operating in a horizontal well, this method can drain all the water in the horizontal section, allowing the gas well to resume normal production.

[0025] Example 4 This invention provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device 4. Since the branch well has multiple wellbores or branches, the movement trajectory and drainage strategy of the pumping device need to be designed before the pumping operation. At the same time, it is also necessary to check that the pumping device 2 and the single-flow device 4 are in good working condition. The pumping device 2 is equipped with a centralizer and a guiding system. The single-flow device 4 is deployed to the predetermined wellbore liquid accumulation 3 position of the branch well using a steel wire before the pumping operation begins. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device 4 is successfully deployed, the subsequent pumping operation can begin. After the well is opened, the pumping device 2 moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device 2 to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device 4 gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device 4 by the energy of the gas itself. Step 3: The pumping device 2 descends. After the pumping device 2 completes one upward lift, the gas well needs to be shut down. As the gas well is shut down, the pumping device 2 descends. Since the single-flow device 4 has the performance of unidirectional flow from bottom to top, the liquid in the gas well shaft 1 that has not been lifted to the ground pipeline falls back and will remain in the upper part of the single-flow device 4. The liquid that has been lifted will not fall back to the bottom of the well. Step 4: Reciprocating operation. After the single-flow device 4 descends to the position of the well fluid accumulation 3, the well is opened again to lift the accumulated fluid and start a new round of pumping operation. By continuously opening and closing the well, and by the upward and downward movement of the pumping device 2, the accumulated fluid below the position that the pumping device 2 cannot reach can be completely extracted. Step 5: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After operating according to the above well pumping cycle, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1. If the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft 1 is found to be basically drained, it is determined that the gas well shaft 1 has resumed normal production.

[0026] Example 4 provides a gas well pumping and drainage method for draining liquid from the entire wellbore. This method, combined with a centralizer and a guiding system, not only prevents the pumping device 2 from shifting due to irregularity or tilt during the pumping process, but also ensures that the pumping tool can accurately enter the target branch wellbore and successfully complete the drainage work of the branch well with a complex structure.

Claims

1. A gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1: Deploy the single-flow device (4). Before pumping, check that the pumping device (2) and the single-flow device (4) are in good working condition. Use a steel wire to deploy the single-flow device (4) to the predetermined wellbore liquid accumulation (3) position of the gas wellbore (1) before starting the pumping operation. Step 2: Start the pumping operation. After the single-flow device (4) is successfully deployed, the subsequent pumping operation can begin. After the well is opened, the pumping device (2) moves upward and lifts the liquid in the upper part of the pumping device (2) to the wellhead. The back pressure in the upper part of the single-flow device (4) gradually decreases, the pressure balance is broken, and the liquid in the lower part is lifted to the upper part of the single-flow device (4) by the energy of the gas itself. Step 3: The pumping device (2) descends. After the pumping device (2) completes one upward lift, the gas well needs to be shut down. As the gas well is shut down, the pumping device (2) descends. Since the single-flow device (4) has the performance of unidirectional flow from bottom to top, the liquid in the gas well shaft (1) that has not been lifted to the ground pipeline falls back and will remain in the upper part of the single-flow device (4). The liquid that has been lifted will not fall back to the bottom of the well again. Step 4: Reciprocating operation. After the single-flow device (4) descends to the position of the wellbore liquid (3), the well is opened again to lift the liquid and carry out a new round of pumping operation. By continuously opening and closing the well, and the upward and downward movement of the pumping device (2), the liquid below the position that the pumping device (2) cannot reach can be completely extracted. Step 5: Check the liquid accumulation and resume production. After running the well pumping cycle as described above, monitor the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft (1). It is found that the liquid accumulation in the gas well shaft (1) has been basically drained, and it is determined that the gas well shaft (1) has resumed normal production.

2. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the power source for the pumping device (2) is a wire rope trolley.

3. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The single-flow device (4) is located at the lower end of the pumping device (2); the top of the pumping device (2) is connected to the wire rope of the wire rope working vehicle.

4. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation method of the single-flow device (4) in steps two to four is as follows: the steel ball (7) inside the single-flow device (4) is fixed on the spring bracket (8). After pushing the spring bracket (8) and the steel ball (7), the central channel of the single-flow device (4) forms a channel in which gas and liquid can only flow from the formation to the wellbore in one direction. After the gas and liquid pass through, they return to the sealing groove (10) by relying on the compression spring (9) to achieve effective sealing and prevent gas and liquid backflow.

5. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex mechanism (11) of the single-flow device (4) in steps two to four is located at the bottom of the entire single-flow device (4).

6. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 4, characterized in that: This vortex speed changer differs from conventional structures. It mainly consists of a cylindrical outer frame and an inner spiral blade. Before the airflow passes through the single-flow valve, the upward gas and liquid are rotated by the vortex speed changer. First, a negative pressure can be formed at the top, which is more conducive to the flow of the liquid in the bottom to the top of the single-flow device (4). Second, after the gas and liquid enter the single-flow device (4), the rotation enhances the gas-liquid agitation and improves the gas penetration.

7. The gas well pumping and drainage method for producing gas by draining liquid from the entire wellbore as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Gas well shafts (1) include straight gas wells, parallel gas wells, and branch gas wells.

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