Burner heads and electric flame stoves that can automatically switch between long and short arcs

Abstract

This invention discloses a burner head and electric flame stove capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs, including a burner head top shell, a burner head bottom shell, a cathode nozzle, a ceramic tube, an anode needle, an adjustable speed air intake device, and a circuit board. The inner wall of the cathode nozzle adopts a multi-segment conical surface superposition structure, which can disperse the radial tension of the electric field, making the electric field lines more concentrated in the axial direction and effectively forming a rigid plasma beam; the bottom of the multi-segment conical surface provides a smooth transition channel for airflow and suppresses shock wave generation; the bottom of the anode needle is provided with a funnel-shaped mounting groove, and the spring guide needle elastically abuts against the mounting groove. The funnel-shaped structure has an automatic centering function, which can achieve reliable contact between the spring guide needle and the anode needle without precise calibration, ensuring the stability of the electrical connection. For high-power electric flame stoves with hundreds of electrode needles, this structure can greatly simplify the installation process, improve installation efficiency, and reduce the installation failure rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to an electric flame stove. Background Technology

[0002] Electric flame stoves employ multiple high-voltage discharge devices (connected in parallel with positive and negative electrodes in a closed-circuit discharge configuration). Each device generates an electric field by blasting gas flow through high voltage. The gas flow collides with electrons in this electric field, ionizing the gas molecules and exciting plasma. This plasma, with a temperature exceeding 1000 degrees Celsius, is used to heat cookware. Currently, electric flame stoves on the market are also known as electric fire stoves, electric fire starter stoves, electric flame stoves, electric gas stoves, electric open flame stoves, plasma stoves, etc. All of these stoves utilize the working principle of high-voltage breakdown to excite plasma for heating cookware.

[0003] For example, utility model patent CN221222772U discloses a burner head structure for an electric flame stove, including a burner head top plate, a burner head bottom plate, multiple flame tubes disposed on the burner head top plate for circuit return, multiple ceramic tubes corresponding to the flame tubes, electrode needles, and a rectifier circuit board; the connecting needle connects to the bottom of the electrode needles and restricts the downward movement of the locking ring. The flame tubes in this technical solution are conical in shape, tapering upwards, and are accelerated outwards when pneumatically driven plasma moves upwards.

[0004] The aforementioned patented technical solution uses a tangentially inlet rotating airflow that should constrain the electric arc. However, the single conical surface of the outlet tube causes the electric field lines to tilt on the side wall of the outlet tube, making the electric arc easily pulled by the radial electric field. The circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow is insufficient to counteract the radial pull of the electric field. At the same time, the tangentially inlet rotating airflow easily forms a "spiral vortex" within the single conical surface, causing the plasma beam to be disturbed by the vortex. Part of the aerodynamic energy is consumed in the radial disturbance, reducing the axial thrust. The vortex cannot counteract the radial pull of the electric field, ultimately leading to radial diffusion of the plasma and the inability to form a rigid plasma beam, which in turn makes the inner wall of the outlet tube easy to burn.

[0005] When switching from low power to high power, the air volume increases sharply, the speed of the rotating airflow changes abruptly, and the airflow is prone to forming shock waves in the single-cone transition zone. At the same time, the electric field strength increases sharply as the gap narrows, and the electric arc can easily jump directly from a "stable short arc" to a "drifting long arc" without a smooth transition. The airflow shock wave plus the sudden drifting long arc leads to arc blowing or arc extinguishing. When switching from high power to low power, the air volume decreases sharply, the circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow weakens, the electric arc loses the swirling constraint, and it is easy to quickly contract and adhere to the inner wall, causing local overheating of the fire tube and unstable electric flame.

[0006] In addition, the alignment between the connecting pin and the electrode pin is difficult, and the connecting pin is easily stuck on the inner wall of the connecting groove, resulting in installation failure or some electrode pins having no electrical connection. This is especially true for high-power electric flame stoves (which have hundreds of electrode pins), making installation extremely difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, the present invention aims to provide a technical solution that can solve the above problems.

[0008] A furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs includes: a furnace head top shell, a furnace head bottom shell, a cathode nozzle, a ceramic tube, an anode needle, an adjustable speed air inlet device, and a circuit board; the furnace head top shell and the furnace head bottom shell together form a furnace head cavity; The outer wall of the cathode nozzle is conical and its inner wall is formed by at least two conical surfaces arranged from bottom to top and stacked one after another. The ceramic tube includes a coaxial upper circumferential wall and a lower circumferential wall. The outer diameter of the upper circumferential wall is larger than the outer diameter of the lower circumferential wall. The upper circumferential wall is housed within the furnace head cavity, and the lower circumferential wall extends downward through a through hole in the bottom shell of the furnace head. The cathode nozzle is provided with an installation ring on the outer side of its bottom. The installation ring abuts against the top surface of the upper circumferential wall. The cathode nozzle extends upward through the through hole of the furnace head shell. The anode needle is disposed inside the ceramic tube, and the tip of the anode needle extends into the lowest conical surface of the cathode nozzle. The circuit board is equipped with a spring guide pin corresponding to the anode pin. The other end of the spring guide pin elastically abuts against the bottom of the anode pin. The lower end face of the furnace head shell is also provided with a cathode column. The cathode column is fixedly connected to the cathode connection point of the circuit board. Preferably, the inner diameter of the contracting conical surface gradually decreases from bottom to top, and any two adjacent segments of the contracting conical surface are separated by an arc-shaped stepped surface; Preferably, the upper circumferential wall is provided with multiple tangential holes, and the airflow delivered to the furnace head cavity by the adjustable speed air inlet device enters the upper circumferential wall through the tangential holes to form a spiraling upward rotating airflow. Preferably, the air volume of the adjustable speed air inlet device is proportional to the output power of the plasma furnace head module; Preferably, the lower end of the anode needle extends downward through the interior of the lower end circumferential wall, and a funnel-shaped mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the anode needle, with the spring guide needle abutting against the mounting groove; The present invention also proposes an electric flame stove, wherein the electric flame stove includes a burner head that can automatically switch between long arc and short arc as described in any of the above claims.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: The inner wall of the cathode nozzle of the present invention adopts a multi-segment conical surface superposition structure, combined with arc-shaped stepped surface separation, which can disperse the radial tension of the electric field and make the electric field lines more concentrated in the axial direction. At the same time, the multi-segment conical surface guides the airflow to accelerate step by step, avoids the generation of "spiral vortex", concentrates the aerodynamic energy into axial thrust, and completely solves the problem of radial diffusion of plasma. The bottom of the multi-segment contracting conical surface provides a smooth transition channel for the airflow, suppressing the generation of shock waves. The electric field intensity changes gradually with the power. Under the joint constraint of the segmented conical surface and the gradually changing vortex, the electric arc achieves a smooth switching between long and short arcs, without the phenomena of arc blowing or arc extinguishing. When the electric flame stove is at its highest power, the air volume reaches its maximum value, the circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow is strongest, and the superimposed structure of the multi-segment contracting conical surface makes the electric field lines more concentrated in the axial direction, reducing the radial tension; under the combined action of strong swirling current and axial electric field, the plasma beam forms a slender and stable long arc between the tip of the anode needle and the outlet of the cathode nozzle, increasing the probability of collision between electrons and gas molecules, resulting in a wider heating range and higher heating efficiency. The anode needle of this invention has a funnel-shaped mounting groove at the bottom, and the spring guide needle elastically abuts against the mounting groove. The funnel-shaped structure has an automatic centering function, which can achieve reliable contact between the spring guide needle and the anode needle without precise calibration, ensuring the stability of the electrical connection. For high-power electric flame stoves with hundreds of electrode needles, this structure can greatly simplify the installation process, improve installation efficiency, and reduce the installation failure rate.

[0010] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of circle A in the middle.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the cathode nozzle.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the working principle of an electric flame stove at low power.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the working principle of an electric flame stove at high power. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components; they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-2 In this embodiment of the invention, a furnace head that can automatically switch between long arc and short arc includes: a furnace head top shell 1, a furnace head bottom shell 2, a cathode nozzle 3, a ceramic tube 4, an anode needle 5, an adjustable speed air intake device 6, and a circuit board 7; the furnace head top shell 1 and the furnace head bottom shell 2 together form a furnace head cavity 100.

[0023] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 3-4As shown, the outer wall of the cathode nozzle 3 retains a single conical contraction shape, while its inner wall is processed into at least two segments of constricted conical surfaces 30 stacked sequentially from bottom to top (the number of segments can be adjusted according to actual power requirements). Adjacent segments of the constricted conical surfaces 30 are smoothly transitioned by arc-shaped step surfaces 31, and the inner diameter of each segment of the constricted conical surface 30 gradually decreases from bottom to top, ensuring the continuity of airflow guidance. An integrally formed or welded mounting ring 32 is fixed to the outer bottom of the cathode nozzle 3, and the outer diameter of the mounting ring 32 matches the inner diameter of the upper circumferential wall 41 of the ceramic tube 4. The inner wall of the cathode nozzle 3 uses a multi-segment constricted conical surface 30 stacked structure, separated by arc-shaped step surfaces 31, which can disperse the radial tension of the electric field, making the electric field lines more concentrated in the axial direction. Simultaneously, the multi-segment constricted conical surfaces 30 guide the airflow to accelerate step by step, avoiding the generation of "spiral vortices," increasing the axial thrust and circumferential enveloping force of the airflow, effectively constraining the plasma to form a rigid plasma beam, completely solving the problem of radial plasma diffusion, and reducing the risk of burning the inner wall of the cathode tube.

[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the ceramic tube 4 is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant ceramic material, including an upper circumferential wall 41 and a lower circumferential wall 42 that are coaxial. Four to eight tangential holes 410 are evenly opened on the side wall of the upper circumferential wall 41.

[0025] In one embodiment, the upper circumferential wall 41 and the lower circumferential wall 42 are both independent ceramic structures. The outer diameter of the top of the lower circumferential wall 42 is similar to the outer diameter of the upper circumferential wall 41, while the outer diameter of the main body of the lower circumferential wall 42 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper circumferential wall 41. The top of the lower circumferential wall 42 and its main body form a stepped structure.

[0026] In another embodiment, the upper circumferential wall 41 and the lower circumferential wall 42 are an integrated ceramic structure, with the outer diameter of the upper circumferential wall 41 being larger than the outer diameter of the lower circumferential wall 42, forming a stepped structure.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top of the anode needle 5 is a pointed structure, and a funnel-shaped mounting groove 50 is opened at its bottom. The funnel-shaped groove surface facilitates the precise guidance and contact of the spring guide needle 71. The top of the anode needle 5 can extend into the lowest section of the converging conical surface 30 of the cathode nozzle 3 and maintain a preset gap with the inner wall of the cathode nozzle 3.

[0028] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the circuit board 7 has a pre-set anode connection point corresponding to the anode needle 5. This anode connection point is the mounting position of the spring guide needle 71. The spring guide needle 71 adopts a metal spring with good elasticity and conductivity and an integrated structure with the guide needle. The cathode column 120 is welded and fixed on the lower end face of the furnace head bottom shell 2. The cathode column 120 is fixedly connected to the cathode connection point of the circuit board 7, which realizes both physical fixation and current conduction.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the top shell 1 and bottom shell 2 of the furnace head are both conductive structures. The connecting needle, anode needle 5, cathode nozzle 3, top shell 1, bottom shell 2, and cathode column 120 form a complete circuit loop.

[0030] In this embodiment, the overall assembly arrangement of the present invention is as follows: S1. Connect the adjustable speed air inlet device 6 to the furnace head cavity 100 through the air duct; S2. The cathode nozzle 3 extends upward through the through hole of the furnace head shell 1, and the bottom mounting ring 32 of the cathode nozzle 3 abuts against the edge of the through hole of the furnace head shell 1. S3. The top of the upper circumferential wall 41 is embedded in the mounting ring 32 at the bottom of the cathode nozzle 3. The tip of the anode needle 5 is passed through the electrode hole at the bottom of the upper circumferential wall 41, so that the tip of the anode needle 5 extends into the lowest section of the constricting conical surface 30 of the cathode nozzle 3. S4. The lower circumferential wall 42 is fitted on the outer side of the lower end of the anode needle 5, and the bottom of the anode needle 5 extends to the outside of the lower circumferential wall. The limiting ring of the anode needle 5 is stuck between the upper circumferential wall 41 and the lower circumferential wall 42. S5. Pass the lower circumferential wall 42 through the through hole of the bottom shell 2 of the furnace head, and fix the top shell 1 of the furnace head to the bottom shell 2 of the furnace head by means of buckles or bolts; S6. Each spring guide pin 71 is aligned with the corresponding anode pin 5 mounting groove 50 and elastically abuts against it, and the cathode post 120 abuts against the corresponding cathode connection point of the circuit board 7. The cathode post 120 is fixed inside the cathode post 120 by bolts passing through the circuit board 7, thereby realizing the overall installation and fixation of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the anode needle 5 of this invention has a funnel-shaped mounting groove 50 at its bottom, and the spring guide needle 71 elastically abuts against the mounting groove 50. The funnel-shaped groove surface has an automatic centering function, achieving reliable contact between the spring guide needle 71 and the anode needle 5 without precise calibration. The elastic structure of the spring guide needle 71 can compensate for installation errors; even with slight installation deviations, the stability of the electrical connection can be ensured through elastic deformation. For high-power electric flame stoves with hundreds of electrode needles, this structure can significantly simplify the installation process, improve installation efficiency, and reduce the installation failure rate.

[0032] The basic working principle of this invention is based on the principle of forming a heating medium by discharging and breaking down the gas flow. Wherein: like Figure 5As shown, when the electric flame stove is heating at the lowest power, the circuit board 7 outputs a lower power, the adjustable speed air intake device 6 outputs the lowest air volume, the aerodynamic energy is small, resulting in a smaller circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow, the lowest section of the cathode nozzle 3's contraction cone surface 30 disperses the radial tension of the electric field through the arc-shaped step surface 31, preventing the electric arc from being radially pulled, the electric arc is constrained at the inner axis of the lower section of the cathode nozzle 3's contraction cone surface 30, forming a stable short arc, the plasma beam is rigid and not easy to diffuse, preventing the cathode nozzle 3 from being locally burned.

[0033] When the user adjusts the power of the electric flame stove to increase, the circuit board 7 simultaneously increases the output power, and the air volume of the adjustable speed air intake device 6 increases proportionally, gradually strengthening the circumferential enveloping force of the rotating airflow. The multi-segment contracting conical surface 30 of the cathode nozzle 3 provides a channel for the airflow to accelerate step by step, and the bottom of each segment of the contracting conical surface 30 provides a smooth transition channel, avoiding abrupt changes in airflow caused by a single conical surface and effectively suppressing the generation of shock waves; at the same time, the electric field strength gradually increases with the increase of power, and the electric arc extends from a short arc to a long arc under the constraint of the progressively contracting conical surface and the progressively strengthening vortex, achieving a smooth transition without arc blowing or arc extinguishing phenomena.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, when the electric flame stove is at its highest power, the air volume reaches its maximum value, the circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow is strongest, and the superimposed structure of the multi-segment contracting conical surface 30 makes the electric field lines more concentrated in the axial direction, reducing the influence of radial tension; under the combined action of strong swirling current and axial electric field, the plasma beam forms a slender and stable long arc between the tip of the anode needle 5 and the outlet of the cathode nozzle 3, increasing the probability of collision between electrons and gas molecules, resulting in a wider heating range and higher heating efficiency.

[0035] When the user adjusts the power of the electric flame stove to reduce, the air volume decreases proportionally, the circumferential wrapping force of the rotating airflow gradually weakens, the electric field strength decreases synchronously, and the multi-segment contracting conical surface 30 on the inner wall of the cathode nozzle 3 guides the airflow to accelerate step by step, avoiding the generation of "spiral vortex", concentrating the aerodynamic energy into axial thrust, improving the injection speed and rigidity of the plasma beam, and completely solving the problem of radial diffusion of plasma.

[0036] The present invention also proposes an electric flame stove, which includes a burner head that can automatically switch between long arc and short arc as described above.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs, characterized in that, include: The furnace head includes a top shell, a bottom shell, a cathode nozzle, a ceramic tube, an anode needle, an adjustable speed air inlet device, and a circuit board; the top shell and the bottom shell together form the furnace head cavity. The outer wall of the cathode nozzle is conical and its inner wall is formed by at least two conical surfaces arranged from bottom to top and stacked one after another. The ceramic tube includes a coaxial upper circumferential wall and a lower circumferential wall. The outer diameter of the upper circumferential wall is larger than the outer diameter of the lower circumferential wall. The upper circumferential wall is housed within the furnace head cavity, and the lower circumferential wall extends downward through a through hole in the bottom shell of the furnace head. The cathode nozzle is provided with an installation ring on the outer side of its bottom. The installation ring abuts against the top surface of the upper circumferential wall. The cathode nozzle extends upward through the through hole of the furnace head shell. The anode needle is disposed inside the ceramic tube, and the tip of the anode needle extends into the lowest conical surface of the cathode nozzle. The circuit board is equipped with a spring guide pin corresponding to the anode pin. The other end of the spring guide pin elastically abuts against the bottom of the anode pin. The lower end face of the furnace head shell is also provided with a cathode post, which is fixedly connected to the cathode connection point of the circuit board.

2. The furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the contracting conical surface gradually decreases from bottom to top, and any two adjacent segments of the contracting conical surface are separated by an arc-shaped stepped surface.

3. The furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper circumferential wall has multiple tangential holes. The airflow delivered to the furnace head cavity by the adjustable speed air inlet device enters the upper circumferential wall through the tangential holes, forming a spiraling upward rotating airflow.

4. The furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air volume of the adjustable speed air intake device is proportional to the output power of the plasma furnace module.

5. The furnace head capable of automatically switching between long and short arcs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the anode needle extends downward through the interior of the lower end circumferential wall, and a funnel-shaped mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the anode needle, in which the spring guide needle abuts.

6. An electric flame stove, characterized in that, The electric flame stove includes the burner head described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which can automatically switch between long and short arcs.

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