A rapid positioning system for removable batteries in electric vehicles

Abstract

This invention discloses a quick positioning system for a detachable battery in an electric vehicle, comprising a battery support plate, with the lower sides of the battery support plate fixedly supported on four battery positioning supports; each battery positioning support is provided with a positioning block lying groove, and each positioning block lying in the positioning block lying groove contains a plate-shaped positioning block; the lying plate-shaped positioning block can swing upward around an axis within the positioning block lying groove until it becomes vertical and is automatically locked by a locking structure, so that the four sides of the battery unit supported on the battery support plate are respectively positioned by four vertical plate-shaped positioning blocks, upgrading the traditional passive positioning structure into an active safety protection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the positioning of removable batteries in electric vehicles mostly relies on bolts or simple clips, which is cumbersome and cannot guarantee consistent installation every time. More importantly, existing solutions are merely mechanical fixations, completely lacking the ability to monitor the battery's condition during vehicle use. Abnormal bulging or expansion of the battery due to precursors to thermal runaway cannot be detected in time by the positioning structure, posing a serious safety hazard. Furthermore, traditional rigid fixing methods cannot accommodate the normal thermal expansion and contraction of the battery, potentially generating improper assembly stress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a rapid positioning system for detachable batteries of electric vehicles, which upgrades the traditional passive positioning structure into an active safety protection device.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a quick positioning system for a detachable battery in an electric vehicle, comprising a battery support plate, wherein the lower sides of the battery support plate are fixedly supported on four battery positioning supports; each battery positioning support is provided with a positioning block lying groove, and each positioning block lying groove contains a plate-shaped positioning block; the lying plate-shaped positioning block can swing upward around an axis within the positioning block lying groove until it becomes vertical and is automatically locked by a locking structure, so that the four sides of the battery unit supported on the battery support plate are respectively positioned by four vertically shaped plate-shaped positioning blocks.

[0005] Furthermore, each battery positioning support has a U-shaped groove cut out on the edge of the battery support plate on the upper side. The inner contour of the U-shaped groove coincides with the inner contour of the horizontal positioning block groove near the geometric center of the battery support plate. When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block swings to the vertical position, the plate-shaped positioning block is clamped in the U-shaped groove.

[0006] Furthermore, each positioning block has a horizontally arranged swing shaft in its horizontal groove; the ends of the swing shaft are fixed to the battery positioning support; one end of the plate-shaped positioning block has a horizontally through hole for the swing shaft to pass through, and the swing shaft rotates horizontally through the swing shaft through the hole.

[0007] Furthermore, a first guide hole and a second guide hole are provided on one side of the plate-shaped positioning block. The extension directions of the first guide hole and the second guide hole are both parallel to the swing axis, with the first guide hole being further away from the swing axis than the second guide hole. A first slide rod and a second slide rod are respectively guided and slidably arranged in the first guide hole and the second guide hole along their length direction. A linkage rod floating channel perpendicular to the swing axis is provided inside the plate-shaped positioning block. The bottom ends of the first guide hole and the second guide hole are respectively perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the linkage rod floating channel. A linkage rod is arranged in the linkage rod floating channel along its length direction, with its two ends being perpendicularly fixedly connected to one end of the first slide rod and the second slide rod, respectively. The width of the linkage rod floating channel is significantly greater than the width of the linkage rod, thereby allowing the linkage rod to float in the linkage rod floating channel along its width direction. A spring channel parallel to the swing axis is provided inside the plate-shaped positioning block. The spring channel is perpendicularly connected to the side of the linkage rod floating channel away from the first guide hole and the second guide hole. A spring is provided in the spring channel, with one end of the spring applying a vertical thrust to the linkage rod, thereby causing the linkage rod to be parallel and abut against the side of the linkage rod floating channel away from the spring.

[0008] Furthermore, when the linkage rod is parallel to and abuts against the side of the linkage rod floating channel away from the spring, the outer ends of the first slide rod and the second slide rod protrude outside the first guide hole and the second guide hole; when the linkage rod is parallel to and abuts against the side of the linkage rod floating channel close to the spring, the outer ends of the first slide rod and the second slide rod are just completely retracted into the first guide hole and the second guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore, when the plate-shaped positioning block is lying horizontally in the positioning block lying groove, the outer ends of the first and second slide rods are completely retracted into the first and second guide holes under the pressure of the inner wall of the positioning block lying groove; when the lying plate-shaped positioning block swings to change to a vertical state, the outer ends of the first and second slide rods are released from the pressure of the inner wall of the positioning block lying groove / U-shaped groove, and under the action of the spring, the outer ends of the first and second slide rods automatically protrude out of the first and second guide holes.

[0010] Furthermore, when the plate-shaped positioning block is in a vertical position, the bearing surface of the battery bearing plate makes limiting contact with the lower side of the first sliding rod that protrudes outward.

[0011] Furthermore, when the plate-shaped positioning block is in a vertical position, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface of the battery support plate and the lower side of the first sliding rod that protrudes outward; the plate-shaped positioning block is provided with a partially hollowed-out groove, which exposes the middle part of the swing shaft, and the exposed middle part of the swing shaft is engaged with a torque disk through a bearing rotation; a horizontal metal tension bar is provided at the bottom of the positioning block's horizontal groove, the extension direction of the tension bar is perpendicular to the swing shaft, and a tension sensor capable of detecting tension is provided on the tension bar. One end of the tension bar is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer ring of the torque disk, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the positioning block's horizontal groove away from the geometric center of the battery support plate; the torque disk is kept fixed under the constraint of the tension bar; a coupling hole is provided in the upper part of the torque disk through a horizontal hollowed-out design. The spring channel has a synchronizing rod through-hole at one end away from the linkage rod floating channel, with the inner diameter of the synchronizing rod through-hole being smaller than the spring diameter. It also includes a synchronizing rod that coaxially passes through the spring channel axis and the synchronizing rod through-hole. One end of the synchronizing rod is vertically fixed to the middle of the linkage rod, and the other end is vertically fixed to one end of the floating arm in the partially hollowed-out groove. The end of the floating arm extends to one side of the torque disk, and a coupling column is vertically fixed to the side of the floating arm closest to the torque disk. The coupling column corresponds to the coupling hole. When the plate-shaped positioning block is in a vertical position, the coupling column and coupling hole are coaxially aligned. When the plate-shaped positioning block is in a vertical position, and the outer ends of both the first and second sliding rods protrude outwards from the first and second guide holes, the coupling column is inserted into the coupling hole.

[0012] Furthermore, when the four vertically shaped plate-like positioning blocks enclose and limit the battery cell, the pressure of the side of the battery cell on the inner side of the plate-like positioning block is converted into the tension of the tension bar under the coupling effect. At this time, the tension sensor on the tension bar detects an initial tension F. When the battery cell expands abnormally, the continuous pressure on the plate-like positioning block from the battery cell increases significantly, far exceeding the preset fluctuation value. At this time, based on the continuous abnormal tension detected by the tension sensor, it is judged that the battery has a bulging problem, reminding the user of the fault and actively making a power-off decision. Thus, when the plate-like positioning block is subjected to the side pressure of the battery cell, the tension sensor will be slightly stretched, so that the plate-like positioning block will slightly swing around the swing axis to relieve the pressure. When the tension sensor is stretched beyond the range, the swing angle of the plate-like positioning block makes the gap between the bearing surface of the battery support plate and the lower side of the outwardly protruding part of the first sliding rod become zero, and the first sliding rod begins to apply rigid limitation to the plate-like positioning block.

[0013] Beneficial Effects: This invention presents an intelligent battery positioning system integrating rapid mechanical locking and real-time status monitoring. It achieves rapid battery centering and fixation through a plate-shaped positioning block that can be stored horizontally and automatically locks when upright, improving assembly and disassembly efficiency. Its purely mechanical locking structure incorporates mechanical sensing and coupling mechanisms, transforming the positioning module into a battery health monitoring terminal while fulfilling physical constraints. The system converts the battery's lateral pressure into a quantifiable electrical signal through an elastic tensile sensor and utilizes a clever gap and rigid limit design to achieve automatic switching from flexible monitoring to rigid protection. This allows for in-situ, real-time diagnosis of abnormal battery expansion without the need for additional complex sensor placement, upgrading the traditional passive positioning structure into an active safety protection device. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall initial state of the device;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning status of this device;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the device after the battery unit has been installed;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the "first embodiment";

[0018] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the "Second Embodiment";

[0019] Figure 6 of" Figure 5 A sectional view of “”. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a quick positioning system for a detachable battery in an electric vehicle includes a battery support plate 1. The lower sides of the battery support plate 1 are fixedly supported on four battery positioning supports 3. Each battery positioning support 3 is provided with a positioning block recess 2, and a plate-shaped positioning block 4 is horizontally positioned within each recess 2. The horizontally positioned plate-shaped positioning block 4 can swing upwards along an axis within the recess 2 until it becomes vertical, after which it is automatically locked by a locking structure. This allows the four sides of the battery unit 7 supported on the battery support plate 1 to be respectively positioned by four vertically shaped plate-shaped positioning blocks 4. The four plate-shaped positioning blocks 4 move independently from four directions, collectively forming an enclosed positioning frame to ensure that the battery unit 7 is accurately positioned at the center of the support plate.

[0022] Each battery positioning support 3 has a U-shaped groove 5 cut out on the edge of the battery support plate 1 on the upper side. The inner contour of the U-shaped groove 5 coincides with the inner contour of the horizontal positioning block groove 2 near the geometric center of the battery support plate 1. When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swings to the vertical position, the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is clamped in the U-shaped groove 5.

[0023] Each positioning block has a horizontally arranged swing shaft 13 in its horizontal groove 2; the swing shaft ends 13a at both ends of the swing shaft 13 are fixed on the battery positioning support 3; one end of the plate-shaped positioning block 4 has a horizontally through-hole 15 for the swing shaft, and the swing shaft 13 rotates horizontally through the swing shaft through-hole 15.

[0024] A first guide hole 10 and a second guide hole 11 are provided on one side of the plate-shaped positioning block 4. The extension directions of the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11 are both parallel to the swing shaft 13, and the first guide hole 10 is further away from the swing shaft 13 than the second guide hole 11. A first slide rod 6 and a second slide rod 7 are respectively guided and slidably arranged along the length direction in the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11. A linkage rod floating channel 14 perpendicular to the swing shaft 13 is provided inside the plate-shaped positioning block 4. The bottom ends of the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11 are respectively perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the linkage rod floating channel 14. A linkage rod 12 is arranged along the length direction in the linkage rod floating channel 14. The two ends of the linkage rod 12 are respectively vertically fixed to one end of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7. The width of the linkage rod floating channel 14 is significantly larger than the width of the linkage rod 12, so that the linkage rod 12 can float in the width direction in the linkage rod floating channel 14. The plate-shaped positioning block 4 has a spring channel 9 parallel to the swing shaft 13 inside. The spring channel 9 is vertically connected to the side of the linkage rod floating channel 14 away from the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11. A spring 8 is provided in the spring channel 9. One end of the spring 8 applies a vertical thrust to the linkage rod 12, so that the linkage rod 12 is parallel to and abuts against the side of the linkage rod floating channel 14 away from the spring 8. The first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are rigidly connected by the linkage rod 12 to ensure that the two always move synchronously.

[0025] With the linkage rod 12 parallel to and abutting against the side of the linkage rod floating channel 14 away from the spring 8, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 protrude out of the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11.

[0026] With the linkage rod 12 parallel to and abutting against the side of the linkage rod floating channel 14 near the spring 8, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are just fully retracted into the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11.

[0027] With the plate-shaped positioning block 4 lying horizontally in the positioning block lying groove 2, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are completely retracted into the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11 under the pressure of the inner wall of the positioning block lying groove 2.

[0028] When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swings to the vertical position, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are both released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / U-shaped groove 5 of the positioning block. Under the action of the spring 8, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 automatically protrude outward from the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11.

[0029] First embodiment: When the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is in the vertical position, the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1 makes limiting contact with the lower side of the first sliding rod 6, which protrudes outward. This is the trigger moment for the locking action. When the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is in the vertical position, the external constraint disappears, the preset elastic force of the internal spring 8 is released, and the sliding rod is pushed out instantly.

[0030] Working principle of the first embodiment:

[0031] In the initial state, the four plate-shaped positioning blocks 4 lie horizontally in their respective positioning block lying grooves 2. At this time, the four plate-shaped positioning blocks 4 are all lower than the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Then, the battery unit 7 to be positioned is placed flat on the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Then, the battery unit 7 is slid forward, backward, left and right to make the battery unit 7 horizontally centered on the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Finally, each lying plate-shaped positioning block 4 is manually or with the help of tools swung upward around the swing axis 13 until it is converted into a vertical state.

[0032] During the process of the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swinging upward around the swing axis 13 but not yet fully changing to a vertical state, at least one of the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 is pressed by the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / U-shaped groove 5 of the positioning block. Therefore, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are always fully retracted into the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11.

[0033] When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swings upward around the swing axis 13 until it is completely transformed into a vertical state, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are both released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / U-shaped groove 5 of the positioning block. Under the action of the spring 8, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 automatically protrude outward from the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11. At this time, the bearing surface 1a of the battery carrier plate 1 makes a limiting contact with the lower side of the protruding part of the first slide rod 6. At this time, the protruding second slide rod 7 makes a limiting contact with the bearing surface 1a, so that the battery carrier plate 1 enters a rigid locking state. Thus, the four sides of the battery unit 7 supported on the battery carrier plate 1 are respectively fitted and positioned by four rigidly locked vertical plate-shaped positioning blocks 4.

[0034] When it is necessary to release the positioning of the battery unit 7, press the outward protruding part of the first slide rod 6 on one side of each plate-shaped positioning block 4, so that the first slide rod 6 is fully retracted into the first guide hole 10. Under the action of the linkage rod 12, the outer end of the second slide rod 7 will also be fully retracted into the second guide hole 11, thereby releasing the locking state of each plate-shaped positioning block 4. The plate-shaped positioning block 4, which is now unlocked, can be swung downward around the swing axis 13 to a lying position.

[0035] To identify abnormal pressure or bulging phenomena in battery cell 7, the following further optimization scheme was designed based on the basic structure:

[0036] Second embodiment: Unlike the "first embodiment", when the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is in a vertical state, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1 and the lower side of the outwardly protruding part of the first sliding rod 6. This gap is a key structural feature for realizing the pressure monitoring function in the second embodiment. It allows the plate-shaped positioning block 4 to not be completely rigidly fixed after being vertically locked, but to have the possibility of swinging slightly around the pendulum axis 13 within a certain range. This amount of swing is controlled and measured by the subsequent sensing and coupling mechanism.

[0037] Based on this, the following structure was further designed:

[0038] like Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the plate-shaped positioning block 4 has a partially hollowed-out groove 18, which exposes the middle part of the swing shaft 13. A torque disk 23 rotates around the exposed middle part of the swing shaft 13 via a bearing 22. A horizontal metal tension bar 24 is installed at the bottom of the positioning block's horizontal groove 2. The tension bar 24 extends perpendicularly to the swing shaft 13. A tension sensor 47 capable of detecting tension is installed on the tension bar 24. One end of the tension bar 24 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer ring 23a of the torque disk 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the positioning block's horizontal groove 2 away from the geometric center of the battery support plate 1. The torque disk 23 remains fixed under the constraint of the tension bar 24. The torque disk 23 can rotate independently of the plate-shaped positioning block 4 around the swing shaft 13 via the bearing 22. The tension bar 24 and its integrated tension sensor 47 constitute a basic measurement anchor point. When uncoupled, the torque disk 23 is fixed by the tension bar 24, and the plate-shaped positioning block 4 can swing relative to it; after coupling, the plate-shaped positioning block 4 and the torque disk 23 become one, and its swing will directly pull the tension bar 24, so that the battery pressure is converted into a measurable tension signal.

[0039] The upper part of the torque disk 23 is horizontally hollowed out with a coupling hole 19; the end of the spring channel 9 away from the floating channel 14 of the linkage rod is hollowed out with a synchronous rod through hole 31, the inner diameter of the synchronous rod through hole 31 is smaller than the diameter of the spring 8; it also includes a synchronous rod 17 that passes coaxially through the axis of the spring channel 9 and the synchronous rod through hole 31; one end of the synchronous rod 17 is vertically fixedly connected to the middle of the linkage rod 12, and the other end is vertically fixedly connected to one end of the floating arm 21 in the partially hollowed-out groove 18. The end of the floating arm 21 extends to one side of the torque disk 23, and the end of the floating arm 21 is vertically fixedly connected to a coupling column 19 on the side of the side of the floating arm 21 close to the torque disk 23; the coupling column 19 corresponds to the coupling hole 19; when the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is in the vertical state, the coupling column 19 and the coupling hole 19 are coaxially aligned; when the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is in the vertical state, and the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 both protrude outward from the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11, the coupling column 19 is inserted into the coupling hole 19. Synchronizing rod 17 connects the internal sliding linkage mechanism with the external coupling mechanism. The state of the floating arm 21 and the coupling post 19 is determined by the position of the linkage rod 12. Only when the sliding rod pops out will the coupling post 19 move to the accurate position aligned with and inserted into the coupling hole 19. This achieves strict synchronization and linkage between the two actions of "mechanical locking" and "sensory coupling", ensuring the consistency of the system state.

[0040] Working principle of the second embodiment:

[0041] In the initial state, the four plate-shaped positioning blocks 4 lie horizontally in their respective positioning block lying grooves 2. At this time, the four plate-shaped positioning blocks 4 are all lower than the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Then, the battery unit 7 to be positioned is placed flat on the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Then, the battery unit 7 is slid forward, backward, left and right to make the battery unit 7 horizontally centered on the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1. Finally, each lying plate-shaped positioning block 4 is manually or with the help of tools swung upward around the swing axis 13 until it is converted into a vertical state.

[0042] During the process of the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swinging upward around the swing axis 13 but not yet fully turning into a vertical state, at least one of the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 is pressed by the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / U-shaped groove 5 of the positioning block. Therefore, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are always fully retracted into the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11. The coupling column 19 is in a decoupled state from the coupling hole 19, and the tension sensor 47 on the tension bar 24 senses zero tension.

[0043] When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block 4 swings upward around the swing axis 13 until it is completely transformed into a vertical state, the coupling post 19 and the coupling hole 19 are aligned coaxially. At the same time, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 are released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / U-shaped groove 5 of the positioning block. Under the action of the spring 8, the outer ends of the first slide rod 6 and the second slide rod 7 automatically protrude outward from the first guide hole 10 and the second guide hole 11. At the same time, the coupling post 19 is inserted into the coupling hole 19, so that the vertical plate-shaped positioning block 4 and the torque disk 23 enter a synchronous coupling state. At the same time, there is a certain gap between the bearing surface 1a of the battery bearing plate 1 and the lower side of the protruding part of the first slide rod 6.

[0044] At this time, four vertically shaped plate-like positioning blocks 4 are respectively attached to the four sides of the battery unit 7 supported on the battery carrier plate 1; the four vertically shaped plate-like positioning blocks 4 provide enclosed positioning for the battery unit 7; at this time, the pressure of the side of the battery unit 7 on the inner side of the plate-like positioning blocks 4 is converted into the tension of the tension bar 24 under the coupling effect, and the tension sensor 47 on the tension bar 24 detects an initial tension F0; the pressure of the battery on the positioning blocks generates a torque that makes the positioning blocks tend to swing outward. Since the plate-like positioning blocks 4 are coupled with the torque disk 23, this torque is transmitted to the torque disk 23 and converted into a lateral tension on the tension bar 24. Therefore, F0 measured by the tension sensor 47 directly reflects the initial lateral pressure state after the battery is assembled.

[0045] The tension detected by the tension sensor 47 is linearly positively correlated with the pressure exerted by the side of the battery cell 7 on the inner side of the plate-shaped positioning block 4;

[0046] Under normal thermal expansion and contraction of battery cell 7, the tension detected by tension sensor 47 will fluctuate within a predetermined range with F0 as the reference. At the same time, when the electric vehicle brakes and accelerates, tension sensor 47 will also detect pulse changes, and the system will automatically filter the pulse changes sensed by tension sensor 47.

[0047] When the battery cell 7 expands abnormally, the plate-shaped positioning block 4 experiences a significant increase in continuous pressure from the battery cell 7, far exceeding the preset fluctuation value. At this time, based on the continuous abnormal tension detected by the tension sensor 47, it is determined that the battery has problems such as "bulging", reminding the user of the fault and proactively making a power-off decision.

[0048] In this case, the tension sensor 47 has a certain degree of elasticity, so that when the plate-shaped positioning block 4 is subjected to pressure from the side of the battery cell 7, the tension sensor 47 will be slightly stretched, causing the plate-shaped positioning block 4 to slightly swing around the pendulum axis 13 to relieve pressure. This elastic design gives the system a certain degree of "compliance," allowing the battery to freely expand and contract within its normal expansion range, avoiding excessive internal stress, and ensuring continuous monitoring. When the tension sensor 47 is stretched beyond its range, the swing angle of the plate-shaped positioning block 4 makes the gap between the bearing surface 1a of the battery support plate 1 and the lower side of the outwardly protruding part of the first sliding rod 6 become zero. The first sliding rod 6 begins to apply a rigid limit to the plate-shaped positioning block 4, preventing the plate-shaped positioning block 4 from swinging further outward and preventing the tension sensor 47 from being broken. This constitutes a dual protection mechanism. Within the normal monitoring range, the system is flexible; in extreme abnormal situations, the first slide bar 6 contacts the bearing surface 1a to prevent damage to the sensing element and provides the final physical constraint on the battery, ensuring the safety of the system in fault conditions.

[0049] When it is necessary to release the positioning of the battery unit 7, press the outward protruding part of the first slide rod 6 on one side of each plate-shaped positioning block 4, so that the first slide rod 6 is fully retracted into the first guide hole 10. Under the action of the linkage rod 12, the outer end of the second slide rod 7 will also be fully retracted into the second guide hole 11, and the coupling post 19 will automatically disengage from the coupling hole 19, thereby releasing the locking state of each plate-shaped positioning block 4. The plate-shaped positioning block 4, which is now unlocked, can be swung downward around the swing axis 13 to a lying position.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning system for a detachable battery in an electric vehicle, characterized in that: The battery carrier plate (1) is fixedly supported on the four lower sides of the battery carrier plate (1) and mounted on four battery positioning supports (3); each battery positioning support (3) is provided with a positioning block lying groove (2), and each positioning block lying groove (2) is provided with a plate-shaped positioning block (4); the lying plate-shaped positioning block (4) can swing upward around an axis in the positioning block lying groove (2) until it is converted to a vertical position and then automatically locked by the locking structure, so that the four sides of the battery unit (7) supported on the battery carrier plate (1) are respectively attached and positioned by four vertical plate-shaped positioning blocks (4).

2. The electric vehicle detachable battery quick positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each battery positioning support (3) has a U-shaped groove (5) cut out on the edge of the battery support plate (1) on the upper side of its position. The inner contour of the U-shaped groove (5) coincides with the inner contour of the positioning block lying groove (2) near the geometric center of the battery support plate (1). When the lying plate-shaped positioning block (4) swings to the vertical position, the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is clamped in the U-shaped groove (5).

3. The electric vehicle removable battery quick positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the positioning blocks has a horizontally arranged swing shaft (13) in the horizontally lying groove (2); the swing shaft ends (13a) at both ends of the swing shaft (13) are fixed on the battery positioning support (3); one end of the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is provided with a swing shaft through hole (15) through horizontally, and the swing shaft (13) rotates horizontally through the swing shaft through hole (15).

4. The electric vehicle removable battery quick positioning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first guide hole (10) and a second guide hole (11) are provided on one side of the plate-shaped positioning block (4). The extension directions of the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11) are both parallel to the swing shaft (13). The first guide hole (10) is further away from the swing shaft (13) than the second guide hole (11). A first slide rod (6) and a second slide rod (7) are respectively slidably arranged in the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11) along the length direction. The plate-shaped positioning block (4) has a linkage rod floating channel (14) perpendicular to the swing shaft (13) inside. The bottom ends of the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11) are respectively perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the linkage rod floating channel (14). A linkage rod (12) is arranged along the length direction in the linkage rod floating channel (14). The two ends of the linkage rod (12) are respectively perpendicularly fixed to one end of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7). The width of the linkage rod floating channel (14) is significantly greater than the width of the linkage rod (12), so that the linkage rod (12) The linkage rod can float in the width direction in the linkage rod floating channel (14); the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is provided with a spring channel (9) parallel to the swing shaft (13), and the spring channel (9) is vertically connected to the side of the linkage rod floating channel (14) away from the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11); a spring (8) is provided in the spring channel (9), and one end of the spring (8) applies a vertical thrust to the linkage rod (12), so that the linkage rod (12) is parallel to the side of the linkage rod floating channel (14) away from the spring (8).

5. The electric vehicle removable battery quick positioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: With the linkage rod (12) parallel to the side of the linkage rod floating channel (14) away from the spring (8), the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) protrude out of the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11); With the linkage rod (12) parallel to the side of the linkage rod floating channel (14) near the spring (8), the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) are just fully retracted into the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11).

6. The electric vehicle removable battery quick positioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is lying horizontally in the positioning block lying groove (2), the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) are completely retracted into the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11) under the pressure of the inner wall of the positioning block lying groove (2); When the horizontal plate-shaped positioning block (4) swings to the vertical position, the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) are both released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove (2) / U-shaped groove (5) of the positioning block. Under the action of the spring (8), the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) automatically protrude outward from the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11).

7. The electric vehicle removable battery quick positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is in a vertical state, the bearing surface (1a) of the battery bearing plate (1) limits contact with the lower side of the first sliding rod (6) that protrudes outward.

8. A rapid positioning system for a removable battery in an electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is in a vertical state, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface (1a) of the battery bearing plate (1) and the lower side of the first sliding rod (6) protruding outward; a partial hollow groove (18) is provided on the plate-shaped positioning block (4), which exposes the middle part of the swing shaft (13), and the exposed middle part of the swing shaft (13) is rotated and engaged with the torque disk (23) through the bearing (22); a horizontal groove (2) is provided at the bottom of the positioning block horizontal groove (2). The tension bar (24) is made of metal and extends perpendicularly to the swing shaft (13). A tension sensor (47) capable of detecting tension is provided on the tension bar (24). One end of the tension bar (24) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer ring (23a) of the torque disk (23), and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner side of the end of the positioning block lying groove (2) away from the geometric center of the battery support plate (1). The torque disk (23) is kept fixed under the constraint of the tension bar (24). The upper part of the torque disk (23) is horizontally hollowed out with a coupling hole (19); the end of the spring channel (9) away from the linkage rod floating channel (14) is hollowed out with a synchronizing rod through hole (31), the inner diameter of the synchronizing rod through hole (31) is smaller than the diameter of the spring (8); it also includes a synchronizing rod (17) that coaxially passes through the axis of the spring channel (9) and the synchronizing rod through hole (31); one end of the synchronizing rod (17) is vertically fixed to the middle of the linkage rod (12), and the other end is vertically fixed to one end of the floating arm (21) in the partially hollowed-out groove (18), the end of the floating arm (21) extends Extending to one side of the torque disk (23), the end of the floating arm (21) is vertically fixed to the side of the torque disk (23) with a coupling column (19); the coupling column (19) corresponds to the coupling hole (19); when the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is in the vertical state, the coupling column (19) and the coupling hole (19) are aligned coaxially; when the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is in the vertical state, and the outer ends of the first slide rod (6) and the second slide rod (7) protrude outward from the first guide hole (10) and the second guide hole (11), the coupling column (19) is inserted into the coupling hole (19).

9. A rapid positioning system for a detachable battery in an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the four vertical plate-shaped positioning blocks (4) enclose the battery unit (7), the pressure of the side of the battery unit (7) on the inner side of the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is converted into the tension of the tension bar (24) under the coupling effect. At this time, the tension sensor (47) on the tension bar (24) detects an initial tension F0. When the battery cell (7) expands abnormally, the plate-shaped positioning block (4) experiences a significant increase in continuous pressure from the battery cell (7), far exceeding the preset fluctuation value. At this time, based on the continuous abnormal tension detected by the tension sensor (47), the battery is judged to have a bulging problem, the user is reminded of the fault, and the power is automatically cut off. This causes the tension sensor (47) to stretch slightly when the plate-shaped positioning block (4) is subjected to the side pressure of the battery cell (7), so that the plate-shaped positioning block (4) will swing slightly around the swing axis (13) to relieve the pressure. When the tension sensor (47) is stretched beyond its range, the swing angle of the plate-shaped positioning block (4) makes the gap between the bearing surface (1a) of the battery bearing plate (1) and the lower side of the first sliding rod (6) protruding outwards become zero, and the first sliding rod (6) begins to apply rigid limit to the plate-shaped positioning block (4).

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