A reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification provides a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspension winding framework, which comprises a support framework, a power driving module, a stator, a rotor and a measurement and data acquisition system, the support framework adopts a vertical layered tower structure and comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer from bottom to top; the power driving module is arranged on the bottom layer; the measurement and data acquisition system is arranged on the top layer; the stator is a suspension air-core stator arranged on the middle layer, which comprises a plurality of non-magnetic suspension columns and three-phase windings wound thereon, and the three-phase windings adopt star connection; the rotor is a modular reconfigurable rotor, which is coaxially arranged on a transmission shaft of the power driving module and located inside a cylindrical space surrounded by the columns of the suspension air-core stator, and the rotor is provided with a magnet mounting groove for detachably mounting magnets, so that the number of magnets, the number of pole pairs and the polarity arrangement mode can be self-defined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the field of physics experimental teaching instruments, and in particular to a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture. Background Technology

[0002] Since its discovery by Faraday, electromagnetic induction has become a core component of modern electrical engineering and physics education. In physics experimental teaching and electromagnetic energy harvesting research, how to visually demonstrate the principles of electromagnetic induction and accurately quantify energy conversion efficiency remains a crucial issue.

[0003] Currently, in basic physics laboratories at middle schools and universities, the devices used to demonstrate electromagnetic induction and power generation principles are mainly hand-cranked generators and simple disc generators. In existing technology, hand-cranked generators typically employ a stator structure with an iron core. While they can generate a high induced electromotive force, they have significant drawbacks: First, the presence of the iron core leads to significant "cogging torque" (magnetic resistance), making it difficult for the rotor to start at low speeds. Furthermore, the high mechanical losses during rotation make it difficult to distinguish between load losses and iron losses, hindering accurate energy conversion efficiency calculations. Second, the hand-cranking operation results in unstable rotational speed and large output voltage fluctuations, making it difficult to meet the data acquisition requirements of quantitative experiments.

[0004] Furthermore, the magnetic pole structure of existing disc-type generators or experimental teaching aids is usually fixed. For example, magnets are often glued together or embedded in the disc, and once manufactured, the number of magnetic poles (pole pairs), their arrangement (like poles or opposite poles), and the magnetic field strength are fixed. Students or researchers cannot flexibly change the magnetic field layout on the same device to explore its impact on power generation performance, resulting in limited experimental content and an inability to explore the nonlinear relationship between magnetic field distribution characteristics and output power through the controlled variable method.

[0005] Although there has been in-depth research on efficient electromagnetic energy harvesting in both academic research and industrial applications, existing technologies still have the following problems: Complex structure and high cost: Cutting-edge research focuses on power optimization in specific scenarios. The devices are complex and difficult to manufacture, and usually involve customized irregular magnets or complex transmission mechanisms, making it difficult to transform them into low-cost, reusable teaching instruments. Stator magnetoresistance interference still exists: most high-efficiency generators still rely on high-permeability materials to concentrate magnetism, and the problem of interference of "ferromagnetic attraction" on the measurement of minute energy conversion has not been solved. Lack of modular design: Existing devices are often optimized for a single magnetic field arrangement, lacking a general experimental platform that can support users to customize the number and polarity of magnets.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology lacks an integrated power generation experimental device that can effectively eliminate stator core magnetic reluctance interference, flexibly reconfigure rotor magnetic field layout, and integrate real-time measurement functions for parameters such as speed and voltage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture, including a support frame, a power drive module, a stator, a rotor, and a measurement and data acquisition system. The support frame adopts a vertically layered tower structure, including a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer from bottom to top. The power drive module is located at the bottom layer, and the measurement and data acquisition system is located at the top layer. The stator is a suspended hollow stator located in the middle layer, which includes several non-magnetic suspension columns and three-phase windings wound on them, wherein the three-phase windings are connected in a star configuration. The rotor is a modular and reconfigurable rotor, which is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft of the power drive module and located inside the cylindrical space enclosed by the columns of the suspended hollow stator. The rotor is provided with a magnet mounting slot for detachable installation of magnets, so that the number of magnets, the number of pole pairs and the polarity arrangement can be customized.

[0008] Furthermore, the suspension column of the suspended hollow stator is a non-ferromagnetic column that is set vertically downwards, and the three-phase winding is suspended or wound on the column by insulating fasteners.

[0009] Furthermore, the modular reconfigurable rotor has multiple magnet mounting slots, and the rotor is configured as a replaceable component with different numbers of mounting slots to correspond to different pole pair patterns.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnet embedded in the mounting slot includes a main magnet and auxiliary magnets that can be stacked on the outside of the main magnet, and the magnetic field strength can be adjusted in multiple levels by increasing or decreasing the number of auxiliary magnets.

[0011] Furthermore, the polarity arrangement of the magnets in the mounting slot is configured as alternating opposite polarities or grouped same polarities.

[0012] Furthermore, the power drive module includes a DC motor and a PWM speed controller, and the adjustment component of the PWM speed controller is located on the operation panel of the system.

[0013] Furthermore, the measurement and data acquisition system includes a Hall sensor for detecting rotational speed, a three-phase rectifier bridge for rectifying three-phase AC power into DC power, a voltage divider circuit, a microcontroller, and a display module. The voltage divider circuit is connected between the output terminal of the three-phase rectifier bridge and the analog-to-digital conversion pin of the microcontroller.

[0014] Furthermore, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the drive shaft of the power drive module via a coupling, and the drive shaft passes through the middle layer and extends to the top layer; The drive shaft of the power drive module is equipped with a flange bearing at each partition, and the bottom frame is equipped with arc-shaped reinforcing plates on both sides.

[0015] Furthermore, the display module is a digital tube or OLED display screen, used to display the rotational speed and power generation voltage values ​​processed by the microcontroller in real time.

[0016] Furthermore, the support frame is made of wood, acrylic, or 3D printing resin.

[0017] By employing a suspended hollow stator structure, the cogging torque and iron loss of traditional iron-core stators are eliminated, enabling the rotor to start smoothly even with weak power. The output power originates purely from the conductor cutting magnetic field lines, significantly improving the accuracy of energy conversion efficiency measurement. The modular embedded rotor design allows experimenters to freely combine magnetic field strength, pole pair number, and polarity arrangement, enabling flexible multi-dimensional reconstruction of magnetic field parameters. This facilitates comparative experiments of various magnetic circuit topologies on a single platform, deepening the exploration of the relationship between magnetic field distribution and power generation performance. The layered tower-style integrated design combines power drive, power generation core, and data acquisition. Real-time display of speed and voltage via a built-in microcontroller and sensors, coupled with intuitive speed control, significantly reduces operational complexity and experimental barriers, making it particularly suitable for multi-level teaching demonstrations and student-led exploration. This effectively unifies teaching visualization, parameter adjustability, and operational simplicity.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification or in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture, provided for one or more embodiments of this specification. Attached image description: 1. Support frame; 2. Power drive module; 3. Stator; 4. Rotor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, and not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this document.

[0023] According to embodiments of the present invention, a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture is provided. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture, provided for one or more embodiments of this specification, is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: a support frame 1, a power drive module 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, and a measurement and data acquisition system. The support frame 1 adopts a vertically layered tower structure. The overall support frame 1 is made of non-magnetic materials such as wood, acrylic, or 3D printed resin to ensure structural stability and avoid interference with the magnetic field. The system includes three functional layers from bottom to top: a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer. The bottom layer is the power drive module 2, the middle layer is the core power generation module, and the top layer is the measurement and data acquisition system.

[0024] The power drive module 2 is located at the bottom layer and includes a DC motor and a PWM speed controller. The adjustment component of the PWM speed controller is located on the system's operation panel. The motor output shaft is connected to a vertically upward main drive shaft via a coupling. This drive shaft passes through the middle layer and extends to the top layer, forming the power transmission hub of the entire system. To ensure smooth operation, flange bearings are installed where the drive shaft passes through each layer of partitions. Arc-shaped reinforcing plates are installed on both sides of the bottom frame to effectively suppress vibration and ensure rotational concentricity.

[0025] The core power generation module is located in the middle layer and adopts a suspended hollow stator 3 and a modular reconfigurable rotor 4. The suspended hollow stator 3, located in the middle layer, uses multiple vertically extending non-magnetic suspension columns as a support frame. The three-phase windings are suspended and wound on these columns by insulating straps or clips and connected and led out in a star (Y) configuration.

[0026] The modular reconfigurable rotor 4 is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft of the power drive module 2 via fasteners and is located inside the cylindrical space enclosed by the columns of the suspended hollow stator 3. The rotor 4 has multiple magnet mounting slots, such as 4, 6, or 8, for mounting detachable magnets, allowing for customized configuration of the number of magnets, the number of pole pairs, and the polarity arrangement. The magnets embedded in the mounting slots include rectangular main magnets and auxiliary magnets, such as circular patch magnets, that can be stacked on the outside of the main magnets. The magnetic field strength can be adjusted in multiple levels by increasing or decreasing the number of auxiliary magnets. The experimenter can freely set the polarity orientation of the magnets in each slot, for example, arranging them in an alternating opposite pole pattern of "NSNS" or a same pole grouping pattern of "NNSS," thereby constructing different magnetic circuit topologies.

[0027] The measurement and data acquisition system includes a Hall sensor for detecting rotational speed, a three-phase rectifier bridge for converting three-phase AC power to DC power, a voltage divider circuit, a microcontroller, and a display module. The voltage divider circuit is connected between the output terminal of the three-phase rectifier bridge and the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin of the microcontroller. Rotational speed is measured by installing a small magnet at the top of the drive shaft and using a Hall sensor on one side. The three-phase AC power generated by the generator is converted to DC power by the three-phase rectifier bridge and then input to the ADC pin of a microcontroller such as an STM32 through the voltage divider circuit. The microcontroller processes the pulse signals and voltage data, ultimately driving a digital tube or OLED screen to display the rotational speed (RPM) and generated voltage values ​​in real time.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By employing a suspended hollow stator structure, the cogging torque and iron loss of traditional iron-core stators are eliminated, enabling the rotor to start smoothly even with weak power. The output power originates purely from the conductor cutting magnetic field lines, significantly improving the accuracy of energy conversion efficiency measurement. The modular embedded rotor design allows experimenters to freely combine magnetic field strength, pole pair number, and polarity arrangement, enabling flexible multi-dimensional reconstruction of magnetic field parameters. This facilitates comparative experiments of various magnetic circuit topologies on a single platform, deepening the exploration of the relationship between magnetic field distribution and power generation performance. The layered tower-style integrated design combines power drive, power generation core, and data acquisition. Real-time display of speed and voltage via a built-in microcontroller and sensors, coupled with intuitive speed control, significantly reduces operational complexity and experimental barriers, making it particularly suitable for multi-level teaching demonstrations and student-led exploration. This effectively unifies teaching visualization, parameter adjustability, and operational simplicity.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reconfigurable magnetic field three-phase power generation system based on a suspended winding architecture, characterized in that, It includes a support frame, a power drive module, a stator, a rotor, and a measurement and data acquisition system. The support frame adopts a vertically layered tower structure, which includes a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer from bottom to top. The power drive module is located at the bottom layer, and the measurement and data acquisition system is located at the top layer. The stator is a suspended hollow stator located in the middle layer, which includes several non-magnetic suspension columns and three-phase windings wound on them, wherein the three-phase windings are connected in a star configuration. The rotor is a modular and reconfigurable rotor, which is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft of the power drive module and located inside the cylindrical space enclosed by the columns of the suspended hollow stator. The rotor is provided with a magnet mounting slot for detachable installation of magnets, so that the number of magnets, the number of pole pairs and the polarity arrangement can be customized.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension column of the suspended hollow stator is a non-ferromagnetic column that is set vertically downwards, and the three-phase windings are suspended or wound on the column by insulating fasteners.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular reconfigurable rotor has multiple magnet mounting slots, and the rotor is configured as a replaceable component with different numbers of mounting slots to correspond to different pole pair patterns.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnets embedded in the mounting slot include a main magnet and auxiliary magnets that can be stacked on the outside of the main magnet. The magnetic field strength can be adjusted in multiple levels by increasing or decreasing the number of auxiliary magnets.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarity arrangement of the magnets in the mounting slot is configured as either alternating opposite polarities or grouped with the same polarity.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power drive module includes a DC motor and a PWM speed controller, and the adjustment component of the PWM speed controller is located on the operation panel of the system.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement and data acquisition system includes a Hall sensor for detecting rotational speed, a three-phase rectifier bridge for rectifying three-phase AC power into DC power, a voltage divider circuit, a microcontroller, and a display module. The voltage divider circuit is connected between the output terminal of the three-phase rectifier bridge and the analog-to-digital conversion pin of the microcontroller.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output shaft of the motor is connected to the drive shaft of the power drive module via a coupling, and the drive shaft passes through the middle layer and extends to the top layer; The drive shaft of the power drive module is equipped with a flange bearing at each partition, and the bottom frame is equipped with arc-shaped reinforcing plates on both sides.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The display module is a digital tube or OLED display screen, used to display the rotational speed and power generation voltage values ​​processed by the microcontroller in real time.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is made of wood, acrylic, or 3D printing resin.

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