Device for testing the quality of bearing raceway surface and the matching characteristics of lubricating grease

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of bearing test, in particular to bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic test device. The device comprises a workbench, the workbench is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is provided with a sleeving section for sleeving the bearing on the driving shaft and synchronously rotating the inner ring of the bearing and the driving shaft, the workbench is provided with a fixing structure outside the radial direction of the driving shaft for fixing the outer ring of the bearing at the sleeving position of the bearing, the workbench is provided with a vibration sensor for monitoring the vibration signal of the bearing, a noise sensor for monitoring the noise signal of the bearing, and a stick-slip signal sensor for monitoring the stick-slip signal of the bearing, and the sensors collect signals when the driving shaft drives the inner ring of the bearing to rotate. The collected signals are used to establish a mathematical model to provide theoretical support for the manufacturing process of the bearing and the selection of the grease, so as to ensure the mutual matching of the surface quality of the bearing and the grease, and further reduce the vibration and noise generated by the bearing under high-speed working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing testing, and more specifically to a testing device for bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the vibration and noise generated by new energy vehicles during operation mainly originate from the high-speed ball bearings of the drive motor. Under high-speed operating conditions, the grease within these bearings undergoes shear thinning, reducing its viscosity. This leads to a decrease in the load-bearing capacity of the lubricating film on the rolling elements and raceway surfaces, altering the lubrication state and causing lubrication failure. The rolling elements then come into solid-solid contact with the protrusions on the raceway surface, generating vibration and noise. Prolonged operation can easily cause damage to the bearing raceway surface and exacerbate noise, affecting the bearing's service life. Of course, the surface quality of the bearing is also a significant factor causing vibration and noise. When the surface roughness of the bearing raceway is too small, vibration and noise increase; appropriately increasing the surface roughness can effectively reduce vibration.

[0003] In summary, both lubricating grease and bearing surface quality affect the operational stability of high-speed ball bearings at high speeds (above 10,000 r / min). Therefore, the selection of the appropriate grease type and bearing manufacturing process is crucial. Furthermore, matching the grease type to the bearing surface quality can significantly improve the smoothness of bearing operation. However, currently, there is no dedicated equipment for testing the compatibility between grease and bearing surface quality, resulting in a lack of testing data for grease selection and bearing manufacturing processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a testing device for the surface quality of bearing raceways and the matching characteristics of lubricating grease, so as to solve the problem of lack of basis for bearing manufacturing process and lubricating grease selection.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device, which includes a worktable, a drive shaft on the worktable, a fitting section on the drive shaft for fitting a bearing onto it and making the bearing inner ring and the drive shaft rotate synchronously, a fixing structure for fixing the bearing outer ring at the fitting position of the bearing on the worktable and on the radially outer side of the drive shaft, and a vibration sensor for monitoring bearing vibration signals, a noise sensor for monitoring bearing noise signals, and a stick-slip signal sensor abutting against the bearing outer ring for monitoring bearing stick-slip signals. When the drive shaft drives the bearing inner ring to rotate, each sensor collects signals.

[0006] Furthermore, the workbench is provided with a gantry-shaped mounting plate and the drive shaft passes through the gantry-shaped mounting plate. The stick-slip signal sensor is mounted on the gantry-shaped mounting plate and its position on the gantry-shaped mounting plate is adjustable to suit bearings of different specifications.

[0007] Furthermore, the stick-slip signal sensor is mounted on a hoisting rod. The top plate of the portal-shaped mounting plate is provided with a through hole through which the hoisting rod can pass. The part of the hoisting rod that extends out of the top plate is provided with an adjustable stop that can stop against the top plate. The position of the stick-slip signal sensor in the vertical direction can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjustable stop on the hoisting rod, and the stick-slip signal sensor has a certain degree of freedom in the upward direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the top plate of the gantry mounting plate is provided with a top plate clearance hole extending along its width direction, which constitutes the through hole. An adjusting crossbeam is movably installed on the lower side of the top plate between the two side plates along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The adjusting crossbeam is provided with a through hole for the rod to pass through at the position corresponding to the top plate clearance hole. The adjusting crossbeam is provided with a positioning structure for positioning with the side plate. The position of the stick-slip signal sensor in the width direction is adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting crossbeam.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing structure is a clamping device that is placed on both sides of the rotating shaft to clamp the outer ring of the bearing from both sides.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping device includes a V-shaped connecting rod and a thrust mechanism. The two rods of the V-shaped connecting rod are hinged at one end and have a clamping structure for clamping the outer ring of the bearing at the other end. A tension spring is connected between the two rods to ensure the clamping force of the two rods on the outer ring of the bearing. The movable end of the thrust mechanism is connected to the hinged end of the V-shaped connecting rod to push the V-shaped connecting rod toward the bearing to clamp the outer ring of the bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, a clamping body is adjustablely mounted on the end of the V-shaped connecting rod away from the hinge end via a bolt and nut assembly around the horizontal axis. The clamping surface is set on the clamping body. The bolt and nut assembly is used to maintain the position of the clamping body before the thrust of the thrust mechanism is balanced with the tension spring force. After the clamping body is pressed against the outer ring of the bearing, the bolt and nut assembly is loosened to allow the clamping body to rotate adaptively and, under the action of the tension spring, make its clamping surface press against the outer ring of the bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, the thrust mechanism is provided with a sleeve for the hinged end of the V-shaped link to extend into and for limiting the expansion of the V-shaped link. The movable end of the thrust mechanism extends into the sleeve to connect with the hinged end of the V-shaped link.

[0013] Furthermore, the worktable includes a central worktable and side worktables located on both sides of the central worktable and independent of the central worktable. The drive shaft and each sensor are arranged on the central worktable, and the two clamping devices are placed on the two side worktables to avoid the vibration of the clamping devices being transmitted to the central worktable.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an anechoic chamber or semi-anechoic chamber in which all parts of the supply device are installed.

[0015] Furthermore, a magnetorheological damper is connected between the drive shaft and the output shaft of its drive device via a coupling to prevent the vibration of the drive device from affecting the accuracy of signal acquisition.

[0016] This invention proposes a pioneering technical solution to address the aforementioned technical problems. When the outer ring of the bearing is fixed while the inner ring rotates at high speed, vibration sensors for monitoring bearing vibration signals, noise sensors for monitoring bearing noise signals, and stick-slip signal sensors for monitoring bearing stick-slip signals are installed around the bearing. As the driving shaft rotates the inner ring of the bearing, each sensor collects signals, and the collected signals are used to establish a mathematical model to provide theoretical support for the bearing manufacturing process and the selection of lubricating grease. This ensures that the surface quality of the bearing and the lubricating grease are well-matched, thereby reducing the vibration and noise generated by the bearing under high-speed operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of the central workbench;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure for connecting the drive spindle to the abutment structure;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an acoustic emission sensor mounted on a gantry-type mounting plate.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a door-shaped mounting plate;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a structure in which an acoustic emission sensor is mounted on a pole, and the pole is equipped with a pipe clamp;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser vibration sensor and its support.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge end of the V-shaped connecting rod;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a top view of the central support and the side supports;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a semi-anechoic cabinet;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device of the present invention placed in a semi-anechoic cabinet.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Vibration damping pad; 2. Acoustic emission sensor; 3. Laser vibration sensor; 4. Bearing; 5. Fixing ring; 6. Drive shaft; 7. Condenser microphone; 8. Abutment structure; 9. Drive motor; 10. Central worktable; 11. Coupling; 12. Magnetorheological damper; 13. Door-shaped mounting plate; 131. Top plate clearance hole; 132. Side plate adjustment hole; 133. Adjustment beam; 134. Clearance hole; 14. Hoisting rod; 141. Mounting ring; 15. Central support seat; 16. Side support seat; 17. Piston cylinder; 18. V-shaped connecting rod; 19. Pipe clamp; 20. Bracket; 21. Sleeve; 22. Cylinder; 23. Tension spring; 24. Semi-anechoic chamber; 241. Central cabinet door; 242. Side cabinet door; 25. Clamping body; 251. Clamping surface; 26. Short rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention proposes a pioneering technical solution to address the aforementioned technical problems. The core concept of this invention is as follows: when the outer ring of the bearing is fixed and the inner ring rotates at high speed, vibration sensors for monitoring bearing vibration signals, noise sensors for monitoring bearing noise signals, and stick-slip signal sensors for monitoring bearing stick-slip signals are installed around the bearing. When the driving shaft drives the inner ring of the bearing to rotate, each sensor collects signals, and the collected signals are used to establish a mathematical model to provide a theoretical basis for the bearing manufacturing process and the selection of lubricating grease, thereby ensuring that the surface quality of the bearing and the lubricating grease are matched, and thus reducing the vibration and noise generated by the bearing under high-speed operating conditions.

[0032] Based on the above concept, the present invention provides a bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device, comprising a worktable, on which a drive motor 9 and a drive shaft 6 connected to the drive motor 9 are arranged. The drive shaft 6 has a mounting section for mounting a bearing 4 and causing the inner ring of the bearing 4 to rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 6. Specifically, a positioning step for axially positioning the bearing 4 is provided on the side of the drive shaft 6 near the drive device. After the bearing 4 is mounted on the drive shaft 6, one side of the bearing 4 is stopped by the positioning step. At this time, a retaining ring 5 is provided on the other side of the drive shaft 6 corresponding to the bearing 4. The mounting section of the drive shaft 6 is defined by the positioning step and the retaining ring 5, thus enabling the ball bearing to be installed on the drive shaft 6. A fixing structure for fixing the outer ring of the bearing at the mounting position of the bearing 4 is provided on the worktable, radially outside the drive shaft 6, so that when the drive shaft 6 rotates, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 6, while the outer ring of the bearing remains stationary. The workbench is also equipped with a vibration sensor for monitoring the vibration of bearing 4, a noise sensor for monitoring the noise signal of bearing 4, and a stick-slip signal sensor that is attached to the outer ring of bearing 4 to monitor the stick-slip signal of bearing 4. Each sensor collects signals when the rotating shaft 6 drives the inner ring of bearing 4 to rotate.

[0033] Specifically, the stick-slip signal sensor is an acoustic emission sensor 2. The acoustic emission sensor 2 is used to detect the stick-slip signal of high-frequency elastic waves generated during the periodic stagnation-slip process dominated by alternating frictional and inertial forces at the contact interface of the bearing 4. This signal is significantly different from the continuous vibration signal (low frequency) during normal operation of the bearing 4. Feature values ​​of the stick-slip signal are extracted using wavelet transform, and this set of feature frequencies is denoted as... The noise sensor is a high-sensitivity condenser microphone 7, which is mounted on the workbench at a distance of 10mm from the test bearing. The condenser microphone 7 is used to directionally acquire the noise signal of bearing 4 under high-speed operating conditions. A blind source separation algorithm is used to perform principal component analysis and eigenvalue extraction on the noise signal, resulting in the extraction of abnormal noise signal eigenvalues ​​of bearing 4 under high-speed operating conditions. This set of characteristic frequencies is denoted as... The vibration sensor is a laser vibration sensor 3, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the laser vibration sensor 3 is mounted on the side of the bearing 4 near the drive unit via a bracket 20 for convenient signal reception and transmission. The laser vibration sensor 3 utilizes the phase change of reflected light to test the peak value of high-frequency vibration acceleration and the low-frequency vibration velocity of the bearing 4 component. It primarily collects vibration signals caused by surface damage to the bearing 4. After vibration signal acquisition, a high-speed comparator first converts the analog signal into a digital signal. Noise is then processed through shaping and filtering to improve signal quality. The filtered signal is then subjected to a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method to extract the characteristic values ​​of the abnormal vibration signal of the bearing 4, and the characteristic frequencies of the abnormal vibration of the bearing 4 component are calculated. The set of characteristic frequencies is denoted as... .

[0034] The method for determining the surface quality of bearing raceway 4 and the matching characteristics of grease using this testing apparatus is as follows:

[0035] Step 1: Test the surface roughness, waviness, and surface texture of the inner and outer raceways of bearing 4 using a surface profilometer and record the relevant data.

[0036] Step 2: Select a commonly used bearing grease, test its rheological and lubrication properties, and record the relevant data.

[0037] Step 3: Start the testing device and change the speed of drive motor 9, gradually increasing the speed from low to high, and maintain the high speed for 160 hours. Under high-speed conditions, activate the stick-slip signal sensor, vibration sensor, and noise sensor to simultaneously capture the vibration signal of bearing 4 components, the stick-slip signal of the internal interface of bearing 4, and the noise signal of bearing 4.

[0038] Step 4: Utilize the vibration sensor to output vibration signals and record the extracted abnormal vibration frequency set as follows: The abnormal noise signal of bearing 4 is output by the noise sensor, and the characteristic frequency set of the abnormal noise signal is recorded as follows: The acoustic emission vibration sensor outputs a stick-slip signal, and the extracted stick-slip signal characteristic frequency set is denoted as... Subsequently, a normalized model for regulating the surface quality of the four raceways of a high-speed ball bearing and the matching characteristics of the grease was established:

[0039] ,in, To test the matching function of bearing 4, To test the viscosity function of the grease in bearing 4.

[0040] Step 5: Based on the test process data and test results The matching function first compares the stick-slip signal, vibration signal, and noise signal. If there are obvious noise and stick-slip signals but no obvious vibration signal, it can be determined that the noise signal is caused by the mismatch between the grease and the surface quality of the bearing 4 raceway. As the operating time increases, if noise, stick-slip, and vibration signals appear simultaneously, it indicates that the mismatch between the grease and the surface quality of the bearing 4 raceway has caused lubrication failure and surface damage to the rolling elements and raceway surfaces. Based on the above processing method, the specific component of bearing 4 that has experienced raceway damage can be identified based on the characteristic values ​​of the vibration signal. This achieves the matching test of the surface quality of bearing 4 components and the grease, and the rapid identification of the specific components causing vibration and abnormal noise in bearing 4. This provides theoretical support for the selection of grease and the manufacturing process of bearing 4, thereby ensuring that the surface quality of bearing 4 and the grease are matched, and thus reducing the vibration and noise generated by bearing 4 under high-speed operating conditions.

[0041] The workbench is equipped with, for example Figure 5 , Figure 6 The gate-shaped mounting plate 13 is shown, and the drive shaft 6 passes through the gate-shaped mounting plate 13. The acoustic emission sensor 2 is mounted on the gate-shaped mounting plate 13, and its position on the gate-shaped mounting plate 13 is adjustable. Figure 7 As shown, the acoustic emission sensor 2 is mounted on a long lifting rod 14. Specifically, a mounting ring 141 is provided at the end of the long lifting rod 14. When the acoustic emission sensor 2 is placed in the mounting ring 141, there is a certain gap between the two. A certain amount of gelatinous material is added into the gap, and the acoustic emission sensor 2 is squeezed into the gelatinous material. After the gelatinous material cools, the acoustic emission sensor 2 is fixedly installed in the mounting ring 141 to achieve its installation with the long lifting rod 14. The top plate of the portal-shaped mounting plate 13 is provided with a through hole for the long lifting rod 14 to pass through. The part of the long lifting rod 14 that extends upward through the top plate is provided with an adjustable stop that can stop against the top plate, i.e. Figure 7 The pipe clamp 19 shown is used to adjust the position of the acoustic emission sensor 2 in the vertical direction by adjusting the position of the lifting rod 14. The pipe clamp 19 has a simple structure, making it convenient to adjust the position of the acoustic emission sensor 2. During testing, the acoustic emission sensor has a certain degree of freedom in the upward direction, allowing it to move relative to the outer ring of the bearing, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test. The top plate of the portal mounting plate 13 has a top plate clearance hole 131 extending along its width direction, which constitutes the through hole. An adjusting beam 133 is movably mounted on the lower side of the top plate between the two side plates along the axial direction of the drive shaft 6. Specifically, the two side plates have side plate adjusting holes 132 extending along their width direction at the same height position. The adjusting beam 133 is slidably mounted between the two side plate adjusting holes 132. A through hole corresponding to the position of the top plate clearance hole 131 is provided on the adjusting beam 133 for the hoisting rod 14 to pass through. The adjusting beam 133 has a positioning structure for positioning with the side plates; the positioning structure is a screw, which positions the slider with the side plates. The position of the hoisting rod 14 in the width direction of the portal mounting plate 13 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting beam 133 in the side plate adjusting hole 132. Thus, the acoustic emission sensor 2 can adjust its position on the gantry mounting plate 13 by adjusting the position of the tube clamp 19 and the adjusting beam 133, so that the acoustic emission sensor 2 on the gantry mounting plate 13 can be adapted to different specifications of bearings 4 by adjusting its own position, thereby improving the testing flexibility of the testing device.

[0042] The fixing structure is a clamping device positioned on both sides of the rotating shaft to hold the outer ring of bearing 4 from both sides. The clamping device includes, for example, Figure 9 , Figure 10The V-shaped connecting rod 18 and the thrust mechanism shown have two rods, one end of which is hinged, and the other end has an arc-shaped clamping surface 251 for clamping the outer ring of the bearing. A tension spring 23 connects the two rods to ensure the clamping force of the two rods on the outer ring of the bearing. Figure 9 As shown, a clamping body 25 is adjustablely mounted on the end of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 away from the hinge end via a bolt and nut assembly around the horizontal axis. A clamping surface 251 is disposed on the clamping body 25. The bolt and nut assembly is used to maintain the position of the clamping body 25 before the thrust of the thrust mechanism is balanced with the elastic force of the tension spring 23. After the clamping body 25 is pressed against the outer ring of the bearing, the bolt and nut assembly is loosened to allow the clamping body 25 to rotate adaptively and, under the action of the tension spring, to make its clamping surface 251 press tightly against the outer ring of the bearing. Short rods 26 are also hinged to the ends of the two rods near the clamping structure. The other ends of the two short rods 26 are hinged to each other between the two rods. This ensures that the two rods of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 are on the same vertical plane and that the two rods of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 expand outwards to the same degree during operation, so that the pressure exerted by the V-shaped connecting rod on the outer ring of the bearing is relatively uniform. A rubber pad is provided on the clamping surface 251 to increase the friction between it and the outer ring of the bearing, reduce slippage during clamping, and thus ensure the clamping effect. The movable end of the thrust mechanism is connected to the hinged end of the V-shaped connecting rod to push the V-shaped connecting rod towards the bearing to clamp the outer ring of the bearing. The thrust mechanism is provided with a sleeve 21 for the hinged end of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 to extend into and for limiting the expansion of the V-shaped connecting rod 18. The sleeve 21 includes a straight cylindrical body with a square cross-section welded to the thrust mechanism and a flared cylindrical body with a square cross-section for the hinged end of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 to extend into. During the process of the thrust mechanism pushing the V-shaped connecting rod 18 to clamp the outer ring of the bearing, the V-shaped connecting rod 18 expands outward. At this time, the tension spring 23 provides an inward elastic force to the two rods to ensure that the V-shaped connecting rod 18 clamps the outer ring of the bearing. The flared cylindrical body of the sleeve 21 limits the expansion of the V-shaped connecting rod outside the V-shaped connecting rod 18. The thrust mechanism includes an air source 22 and a piston cylinder 17. A sleeve 21 is mounted on the piston cylinder 17. The air source 22 inputs gas into the piston cylinder 17, causing the movable end of the piston cylinder 17, i.e., the push rod, to push the V-shaped connecting rod 18 towards the outer ring of the bearing 4 and clamp the outer ring of the bearing 4. The air source 22 and the piston cylinder 17 exhibit minimal vibration during use, which can reduce interference with the testing of various sensors.

[0043] In use, rotating the switch knob on the air source 22 inflates the piston cylinder 17. The push rod of the piston cylinder 17 pushes the V-shaped connecting rod 18 within the sleeve 21. When the piston thrust and the elastic force of the tension spring 23 are balanced, the clamping body 25 presses against the outer ring of the bearing. Under the action of the tension spring 23, the two rods of the V-shaped connecting rod 18 tend to move closer together. At this time, loosening the bolt and nut assembly on the clamping body 25 allows the clamping body 25 to rotate adaptively and, under the action of the tension spring 23, its clamping surface 251 to press against the outer ring of the bearing. Subsequently, tightening the bolt and nut assembly achieves the clamping of the outer ring of the bearing by the V-shaped connecting rod 18. When it is necessary to release the clamping of the outer ring of the bearing, rotating the switch knob on the piston cylinder 17 reduces the gas in the piston cylinder 17, and simultaneously loosening the bolt on the clamping body 25 releases the clamping of the outer ring of the bearing by the V-shaped connecting rod 18.

[0044] The worktable includes a central worktable 10 and side worktables located on both sides of the central worktable and independent of it. The drive shaft and sensors are arranged on the central worktable, and two clamping devices are placed on the two side worktables to prevent vibrations from the clamping devices from being transmitted to the central worktable. Figure 11 As shown, two side support seats 16 are provided on both sides of the central worktable 10. The table surface of the side support seats 16 constitutes the side worktable. In this way, the vibration of the clamping device is prevented from being transmitted to the bearing 4 through the worktable during use, thus improving the testing accuracy of the entire device. Figure 1 As shown, the clamping device is placed on both sides of the gantry mounting plate 13. Correspondingly, the side plate of the gantry mounting plate 13 is provided with clearance holes 134 into which the V-shaped connecting rod 18 can extend.

[0045] A central support base 15 is provided between the two side support bases 16. The central worktable 10 is plate-shaped and mounted on the central support base 15. A shock-absorbing pad 1 is installed between the bottom surface of the central worktable 10 and the central support base 15 to prevent external vibrations from being transmitted to the central worktable. This is to prevent vibrations from other testing devices in the vicinity from being transmitted to the central worktable 10.

[0046] It also includes a semi-anechoic chamber, where the workbench and all testing devices are housed. For example... Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the workbench is installed in a cabinet. A central cabinet door 241 is provided at the position corresponding to the central workbench, and side cabinet doors 242 are provided at the positions corresponding to the two clamping devices. Except for the bottom surface, the other walls of the cabinet adopt a multi-layer composite structure to form the semi-anechoic chamber. In this way, external noise interference can be isolated to ensure that the condenser microphone can accurately test the abnormal noise signal generated by the bearing 4 under high-speed operating conditions. At the same time, it can also prevent internal sound leakage.

[0047] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a magnetorheological damper 12 is connected between the drive shaft 6 and the output shaft of the drive device via a coupling 11 to prevent the vibration of the drive device from affecting the accuracy of signal acquisition. The magnetorheological damper 12 includes a rotor, an excitation coil, and a magnetorheological fluid. When the speed of the drive motor 9 is too high (>15000 r / min), the drive motor 9 vibrates, the magnetorheological damper 12 is energized, and when the current passes through the excitation coil, the excitation coil generates a controllable magnetic field, causing the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid to instantly arrange into a chain-like structure, and the magnetorheological fluid changes from a liquid-like state to a solid-like state, effectively blocking the transmission of high-frequency vibration of the drive motor 9; when the speed of the drive motor 9 is low (<10000 r / min), the power supply to the magnetorheological damper 12 stops, the magnetic field disappears, and the magnetorheological fluid returns from a solid-like state to a liquid-like state. Thus, by setting the magnetorheological damper 12, the drive motor 9 can be prevented from transmitting its own vibration to the drive shaft 6 under high-speed conditions, thereby improving the testing accuracy of the noise signal sensor, vibration signal sensor and stick-slip signal sensor.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, a conical abutment structure 8 is provided on the worktable at the position corresponding to the overhanging end of the drive shaft 6, with its apex abutting against the rotational geometric center of the drive shaft 6's end face, to ensure the stability of the drive shaft 6's rotation. The abutment mechanism is conical and mounted on the worktable via a support column. After the abutment structure 8 abuts against the rotational geometric center of the overhanging end face of the drive shaft 6, it can restrict the drive shaft 6 at its overhanging end, ensuring that the rotational axes at both ends of the drive shaft 6 coincide when it rotates, thus ensuring the stability of the drive shaft 6's rotation and consequently ensuring the testing accuracy of the noise signal sensor, vibration signal sensor, and stick-slip signal sensor.

[0049] Regarding the installation of the stick-slip signal sensor, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the bearing can be installed on the drive shaft through a bearing housing. The bearing housing is installed on the worktable, and the bearing housing is used to fix the outer ring of the bearing. A through hole is provided on the top of the bearing housing for the stick-slip signal sensor to pass through and abut against the outer ring of the bearing, thereby realizing the installation of the stick-slip signal sensor.

[0050] Regarding the installation of the stick-slip signal sensor on the portal mounting plate, this invention also provides other embodiments. In one embodiment, the lifting rod is a screw rod, and a nut is provided on the portion of the lifting rod that protrudes from the top plate to stop against the top plate. The cooperation between the nut and the lifting rod allows for adjustment of the stick-slip signal sensor's position in the vertical direction and provides the sensor with a certain degree of freedom in the upward direction. In another embodiment, guide rails are provided at the same height on both sides of the portal mounting plate. The guide rails replace the side plate adjustment holes, and the adjusting beam cooperates with the guide rails to adjust the stick-slip signal sensor's position in the width direction. After adjustment to the appropriate position, screws are used to position the adjusting beam relative to the side plate.

[0051] Regarding the stick-slip signal sensor, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the stick-slip signal sensor may also be a strain sensor, which is attached to the bearing and obtains the stick-slip signal of the bearing by measuring the strain change of the bearing.

[0052] Regarding the clamping device, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, an arc-shaped clamping plate can be used instead of a V-shaped connecting rod. The arc-shaped clamping plate is directly connected to the output end of the thrust mechanism, and it is only necessary to ensure the reliability of the clamping.

[0053] Regarding the thrust mechanism, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In one embodiment, the thrust mechanism may include an oil pump and a hydraulic piston cylinder; in another embodiment, the thrust mechanism may also be a linear motor, as long as it can drive the V-shaped connecting rod to clamp the outer ring of the bearing from both sides.

[0054] Regarding the placement of the clamping device, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the clamping device may also be mounted on the same worktable as the drive shaft and the various sensors.

[0055] Regarding the placement environment of the workbench and various testing devices, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the workbench and various testing devices can be placed in a soundproof chamber, that is, all the walls of the cabinet are composed of a multi-layer composite structure.

[0056] The present invention also provides other embodiments regarding vibration sensors. In another embodiment, the vibration sensor may also be a contact vibration sensor, in which the vibration sensor is directly installed on the bearing to collect the bearing vibration signal.

[0057] Regarding the installation of the laser vibration sensor, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the laser vibration sensor can be mounted on the axial rear side of the bearing, i.e., the side facing away from the drive motor, via a bracket.

[0058] Regarding the noise sensor, the present invention also provides other embodiments. In another embodiment, the noise sensor may be a piezoelectric noise sensor or a resistive noise sensor, as long as it can collect noise signals under high-speed bearing conditions.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristics, characterized in that: The device includes a worktable with a drive shaft. The drive shaft has a mounting section for mounting the bearing and making the inner ring of the bearing rotate synchronously with the drive shaft. On the worktable, radially outside the drive shaft, is a fixing structure for fixing the outer ring of the bearing at the mounting position. The worktable also has a vibration sensor for monitoring bearing vibration signals, a noise sensor for monitoring bearing noise signals, and a stick-slip signal sensor that abuts against the outer ring of the bearing to monitor bearing stick-slip signals. Each sensor collects signals when the drive shaft rotates the inner ring of the bearing.

2. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is provided with a gantry-shaped mounting plate and the drive shaft passes through the gantry-shaped mounting plate. The stick-slip signal sensor is mounted on the gantry-shaped mounting plate and its position on the gantry-shaped mounting plate is adjustable to suit bearings of different specifications.

3. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stick-slip signal sensor is mounted on a long hoisting rod. The top plate of the portal-shaped mounting plate has a through hole through which the long hoisting rod can pass. The part of the long hoisting rod that extends out of the top plate is equipped with an adjustable stop that can stop against the top plate. The position of the stick-slip signal sensor in the vertical direction can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjustable stop on the long hoisting rod, and the stick-slip signal sensor has a certain degree of freedom in the upward direction.

4. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate of the gantry mounting plate is provided with a top plate clearance hole extending along its width direction. The top plate clearance hole constitutes the through hole. An adjusting beam is movably installed on the lower side of the top plate between the two side plates along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The adjusting beam is provided with a through hole for the rod to pass through at the position corresponding to the top plate clearance hole. The adjusting beam is provided with a positioning structure for positioning with the side plates. The position of the stick-slip signal sensor in the width direction is adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting beam.

5. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The fixing structure is a clamping device that is placed on both sides of the rotating shaft to clamp the outer ring of the bearing from both sides.

6. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping device includes a V-shaped connecting rod and a thrust mechanism. The two rods of the V-shaped connecting rod are hinged at one end and have an arc-shaped clamping surface at the other end for clamping the outer ring of the bearing. A tension spring is connected between the two rods to ensure the clamping force of the two rods on the outer ring of the bearing. The movable end of the thrust mechanism is connected to the hinged end of the V-shaped connecting rod to push the V-shaped connecting rod toward the bearing to clamp the outer ring of the bearing.

7. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the V-shaped connecting rod away from the hinge end is adjustablely mounted with a clamping body around the horizontal axis via a bolt and nut assembly. The clamping surface is set on the clamping body. The bolt and nut assembly is used to maintain the position of the clamping body before the thrust of the thrust mechanism is balanced with the elastic force of the tension spring. After the clamping body is pressed against the outer ring of the bearing, the bolt and nut assembly is loosened to allow the clamping body to rotate adaptively and, under the action of the tension spring, make its clamping surface press against the outer ring of the bearing.

8. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The thrust mechanism is provided with a sleeve for the hinged end of the V-shaped link to extend into and for limiting the expansion of the V-shaped link. The movable end of the thrust mechanism extends into the sleeve to connect with the hinged end of the V-shaped link.

9. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The worktable includes a central worktable and side worktables located on both sides of the central worktable and independent of the central worktable. The drive shaft and each sensor are arranged on the central worktable, and two clamping devices are placed on the two side worktables to avoid the vibration of the clamping devices being transmitted to the central worktable.

10. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: It also includes an anechoic chamber or semi-anechoic chamber in which all parts of the power supply device are installed.

11. The bearing raceway surface quality and grease matching characteristic testing device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: A magnetorheological damper is connected between the drive shaft and the output shaft of its drive device via a coupling to prevent the vibration of the drive device from affecting the accuracy of signal acquisition.

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