A reduction device for long bone comminuted fracture surgery

Abstract

The application discloses a reduction device for long bone comminuted fracture operation, and relates to the technical field of medical devices. The device comprises a middle segment positioning mechanism and two groups of two-side segment positioning mechanisms symmetrically arranged. The middle segment positioning mechanism comprises a positioning tube provided with a wedge-shaped convex rib; the two-side segment positioning mechanism comprises a frame body, an inner movable block capable of adjusting the position in the axial direction and an outer flexible sheet, and realizes fine adjustment of the position through a lead screw and a bevel gear transmission group. The proximal ends of the two groups of frame bodies are designed in a step-shaped overlapping mode and are jointly sleeved outside the positioning tube. Through a one-way meshing structure formed by a rack in the mounting block and the wedge-shaped convex rib, and by using matched guide inclined surfaces and limiting stop surfaces, the two groups of frame bodies are realized to slide inwardly and be automatically locked. The application realizes the logic of central anchoring and two-side butt, ensures the tightness and in-operation stability of the joint between the side bone block and the middle bone block, supports vertical sliding and separation, and greatly facilitates post-operation removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a device for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones. Background Technology

[0002] In the surgical treatment of comminuted fractures of long bones (especially the more common three-segment fractures), the precise reduction of the three bone segments and the maintenance of tightness at the joints is a major challenge. Existing reduction instruments often struggle to simultaneously anchor the middle segment and apply pressure to both sides. Furthermore, maintaining the reduced state after reduction is difficult due to the complex structure of the instruments or the presence of reverse tension. In addition, the removal of some reduction devices after surgery is not convenient and can easily cause secondary interference to the reduced bone. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a device for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a device for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones, comprising:

[0005] The intermediate segment positioning mechanism includes a positioning tube for fixing to the intermediate bone block, and the outer wall of the positioning tube is provided with a radially outwardly protruding wedge-shaped ridge along the circumferential direction.

[0006] Two sets of side segment positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle segment positioning mechanism. Each set of side segment positioning mechanisms includes a long strip frame. The frame is provided with a movable block that can move along its length direction. The movable block is connected to a flexible piece that extends out of the frame for fixing the side bone block. Both sides of the frame are provided with strip-shaped openings that extend along its length direction. The flexible piece extends through the strip-shaped openings and can adjust its position along the length direction of the frame with the movable block.

[0007] The frame is provided with a mounting block at one end near the middle section positioning mechanism. The mounting block has a notch adapted to the positioning tube, and the inner wall of the notch is provided with a toothed rack.

[0008] The frames of the two sets of side segment positioning mechanisms overlap each other at their near ends and are sleeved on the outside of the positioning tube. The rack and the wedge-shaped protrusion have matching guide slopes and limiting stop surfaces. The guide slopes are used to guide the two sets of frames to slide relative to each other in the direction of approach. The limiting stop surfaces form a mechanical limit that abuts against each other when the two sets of frames move in opposite directions, so as to realize the one-way pressing, resetting and locking of the two side bone blocks to the middle bone block.

[0009] Furthermore, a lead screw is provided inside the frame, and the movable block is threadedly engaged with the lead screw and moves axially as it rotates;

[0010] The frame is provided with a first mounting base and a second mounting base for supporting the rotation of the lead screw, and the two ends of the lead screw are respectively rotatably connected to the first mounting base and the second mounting base.

[0011] Furthermore, a first bevel gear is coaxially mounted on the end of the lead screw, and a handle is provided on the frame, the handle being connected to a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0012] Furthermore, both sides of the movable block are provided with rigid plates that penetrate the strip-shaped opening and are connected to the flexible sheet.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible sheet has several positioning holes for inserting bone screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the two sets of frames are designed with mutually adaptable stepped ends at their overlapping ends, so that the two sets of frames maintain the same height after overlapping.

[0015] Furthermore, the notch on the mounting block is a U-shaped notch, and the rack is symmetrically arranged on the two inner sidewalls of the U-shaped notch.

[0016] Furthermore, the two-side positioning mechanism also includes a cover that covers the frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the positioning tube and the mounting block are in a sliding fit along the axial direction perpendicular to the length of the frame, so that the positioning tube can be pulled out from the overlapping frame.

[0018] This invention also provides a method for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones, which uses the aforementioned reduction device and includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Fix the positioning tube to the intermediate bone block using bone screws;

[0020] S2: The overlapping ends of the frames of the two sets of side section positioning mechanisms are fitted onto the outer periphery of the positioning tube, so that the rack and the wedge-shaped protrusion enter the meshing area;

[0021] S3: Adjust the position of the flexible sheet along the length of the frame to align it with the bone blocks on both sides;

[0022] S4: Fix the two sets of side segment positioning mechanisms to the bone blocks on both sides respectively;

[0023] S5: Push the two sets of frames inward along the length of the long bone. Through the cooperation of the guide slope of the rack and wedge-shaped protrusion and the limiting stop surface, the two bone blocks move closer to the middle bone block and form a one-way repositioning lock.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention uses a lead screw and bevel gear transmission mechanism to drive the movable block to move, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the flexible sheet in the length direction of the frame, which can adapt to the bone nail implantation point needs of different patients and different fracture sites.

[0026] 2. The present invention achieves a smooth transition between the two positioning mechanisms at the connection point through the stepped overlapping design at the ends of the two sets of frames, avoiding uneven reset force or axial displacement caused by height difference.

[0027] 3. This invention utilizes the wedge-shaped protrusion on the outer wall of the positioning tube and the one-way meshing structure of the rack inside the mounting block. By employing the mechanical cooperation between the guide slope and the limiting stop surface, the device automatically locks and pressurizes when the operator pushes the frame in a mutually approaching direction. Furthermore, due to the presence of the limiting stop surface, the device will not slip backward, ensuring the tightness of the joints of the bone blocks.

[0028] 4. Through the axial sliding engagement logic between the positioning tube and the notch of the mounting block, the present invention allows the operator to directly pull the positioning tube out vertically from the overlapping frame after the bone screw is removed during surgery, thus achieving non-destructive and rapid disassembly of the device and reducing interference with the surgical site.

[0029] 5. This invention utilizes the material properties of flexible sheets to conform to the bone and form a semi-encircling shape, and nails bone blocks through positioning holes to achieve stable positioning and connection between the device and the bone blocks on both sides, thereby improving the stability during the repositioning process and the error tolerance of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the two-section positioning mechanism in this invention, used to show its internal lead screw and transmission structure;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle, used to show the rack structure inside the mounting block;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the intermediate segment positioning mechanism in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the two side section positioning mechanisms and the middle section positioning mechanism in the present invention, used to illustrate the overlapping step structure and the one-way meshing structure.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Strip-shaped opening; 3. First mounting base; 4. Second mounting base; 5. Lead screw; 6. Movable block; 7. Rigid plate; 8. Flexible plate; 9. Positioning hole; 10. First bevel gear; 11. Second bevel gear; 12. Handle; 13. Cover; 14. Mounting block; 15. Rack; 16. Positioning tube; 17. Wedge-shaped protrusion; 100. Positioning mechanism for both sides; 200. Positioning mechanism for the middle section. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Reference Figures 1-5The present invention discloses a device for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones, which consists of two sets of lateral segment positioning mechanisms 100 and one set of intermediate segment positioning mechanism 200. It is mainly used to reduce long bones that have been broken into three segments, including lateral bone segments and intermediate bone segments.

[0041] Each set of two-side positioning mechanisms 100 includes a long strip-shaped frame 1. The frame 1 has an overall strip-shaped structure, and its length direction is consistent with the direction of the long bone axis. Both sides of the frame 1 have strip-shaped openings 2 extending along its length direction, and the strip-shaped openings 2 penetrate the frame wall.

[0042] A movable block 6 is provided inside the frame 1 along its length, and the movable block 6 can slide along its length inside the frame 1. Rigid plates 7 are fixedly connected to both sides of the movable block 6, and the rigid plates 7 pass through the corresponding slots 2 and extend to the outside of the frame 1. The outer end of the rigid plate 7 is connected to a flexible plate 8. The flexible plate 8 is made of a flexible material and has several positioning holes 9 distributed on it for inserting bone screws and fixing lateral bone blocks.

[0043] The frame 1 also houses a transmission assembly for driving the movable block 6. This transmission assembly includes a lead screw 5, a first mounting base 3, and a second mounting base 4. The first mounting base 3 and the second mounting base 4 are fixed to both ends inside the frame 1 to support the rotation of the lead screw 5. The two ends of the lead screw 5 are rotatably connected to the first mounting base 3 and the second mounting base 4, respectively. The movable block 6 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 5; when the lead screw 5 rotates, the movable block 6 moves along the length of the frame 1.

[0044] One end of the lead screw 5 is coaxially mounted with a first bevel gear 10. A handle 12 is provided on the top or side of the frame 1. The shaft of the handle 12 is connected to a second bevel gear 11, which meshes with the first bevel gear 10. When the handle 12 is rotated, the lead screw 5 is rotated through the bevel gear transmission, thereby adjusting the position of the movable block 6 and the flexible plate 8 in the length direction of the frame 1.

[0045] A cover 13 is also provided on the outside of the frame 1. The cover 13 covers the outside of the frame 1 and has openings only at the flexible sheet 8 and handle 12 to expose the operating parts and protect the internal transmission structure.

[0046] The intermediate segment positioning mechanism 200 includes a positioning tube 16. The positioning tube 16 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its central hole is used to insert a bone screw to fix the positioning tube to the intermediate bone block.

[0047] The outer wall of the positioning tube 16 is provided with multiple radially protruding wedge-shaped ridges 17 at intervals along the circumference. The wedge-shaped ridges 17 extend along the axial direction of the positioning tube, and their cross-section is composed of a guide slope and a limiting stop surface. The guide slope is arranged at an inclination relative to the outer wall of the positioning tube, and the limiting stop surface is set basically perpendicular to the outer wall of the positioning tube.

[0048] Each set of two side positioning mechanisms 100 has a mounting block 14 at one end of its frame 1 near the middle positioning mechanism 200. The mounting block 14 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and its interior has a notch that matches the shape of the positioning tube 16, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the notch is preferably a U-shaped notch to fit the shape of the positioning tube 16.

[0049] Racks 15 are respectively provided on the two inner sidewalls of the U-shaped notch. The racks 15 extend along the length of the frame, and their tooth structure matches the cross-section of the wedge-shaped protrusion 17, thus forming a guide slope and a limiting stop surface.

[0050] In the assembled state, the frames 1 of the two sets of side-section positioning mechanisms 100 overlap each other at their near ends. Both frames have stepped structures at their ends, with one frame having an upper step and the other having a lower step, and they overlap to maintain the same height. The mounting block 14 is located in the overlapping area and is fitted around the periphery of the positioning tube 16.

[0051] When the frame 1 is fitted onto the outside of the positioning tube 16, the rack 15 and the wedge-shaped protrusion 17 enter the engagement area. The guide slope of the rack 15 and the guide slope of the wedge-shaped protrusion 17 cooperate with each other, allowing the frame 1 to slide along the direction close to the middle bone block; when the frame 1 moves in the opposite direction, the limiting stop surface of the rack 15 and the limiting stop surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion 17 abut against each other to form a mechanical limit, thereby realizing unidirectional pressing and locking.

[0052] The positioning tube 16 and the mounting block 14 are in a sliding fit relationship in the axial direction perpendicular to the length of the frame 1, so that the positioning tube 16 can be inserted into or pulled out of the overlapping mounting block area in the vertical direction.

[0053] When the positioning tube 16 is inserted, its outer wall wedge-shaped protrusion 17 engages with the rack 15; when it is necessary to remove the device, the positioning tube 16 can be pulled out of the mounting block 14 in the vertical direction, thereby disconnecting it from the positioning mechanism 100 on both sides.

[0054] When used in surgery, the positioning tube 16 is first fixed to the middle bone block by the bone screw, so that the middle segment positioning mechanism 200 forms a stable reference.

[0055] Subsequently, the overlapping ends of the frames 1 of the two sets of side section positioning mechanisms 100 are fitted onto the outer periphery of the positioning tube 16, so that the rack 15 and the wedge-shaped protrusion 17 enter the meshing area.

[0056] Then, by rotating the handle 12, the lead screw 5 is rotated, causing the movable block 6 to move along the length of the frame 1, thereby adjusting the position of the flexible sheet 8 so that it fits against the surface of the bone blocks on both sides, and fixing the flexible sheet 8 to the bone blocks on both sides by passing the bone nail through the positioning hole 9.

[0057] After the positioning mechanisms 100 on both sides are fixed to the bone blocks, the operator pushes the two frames 1 inward along the long bone axis. Due to the guiding slope between the rack 15 and the wedge-shaped protrusion 17, the frame 1 can slide towards the middle bone block and drive the two bone blocks on both sides to gradually move closer to the middle bone block; when the external force stops, the limiting stop surfaces abut against each other, preventing the frame 1 from moving in the opposite direction, and realizing one-way reset locking.

[0058] As the two frames 1 continue to advance inward, the three bone segments are gradually spliced ​​together and maintain a stable position, thereby completing the reduction of the comminuted fracture of the long bone.

[0059] After the surgery, the bone screws are removed and the connection between the flexible sheet 8 and the bone block is released. Then, the positioning tube 16 is pulled out from the mounting block 14 in a vertical direction, and the entire repositioning device can be separated from the bone.

[0060] In summary, this invention constructs a repositioning system consisting of a middle section positioning mechanism 200 and two sets of side section positioning mechanisms 100 working in concert. The middle section positioning mechanism 200 has a wedge-shaped protrusion 17 on its outer wall of the positioning tube 16. The frames 1 of the side section positioning mechanisms 100 are connected to the positioning tube 16 via mounting blocks 14. A rack 15 and the wedge-shaped protrusion 17 form a cooperative relationship with a guide slope and a limiting stop surface, allowing the two sets of frames 1 to achieve unidirectional advancement and mechanical locking along the long bone axis while overlapping. Simultaneously, the first mounting seat 3 and the second mounting seat 4 support the rotation of the lead screw 5 within the frame 1. The lead screw 5 drives the movable block 6 to move along its length. The movable block 6, via a rigid plate 7, drives a flexible plate 8 to extend through the strip-shaped opening 2 to fix the bone block. The flexible plate 8 has positioning holes 9 for bone nail insertion and is controllably adjustable via a first bevel gear 10, a second bevel gear 11, and a handle 12. An external cover 13 protects and stabilizes the frame 1. Through the overall coordination of the above structures, the bone blocks on both sides can gradually move towards the middle bone block under the guidance and limiting effect and form a stable reduction state. This not only improves the reduction accuracy and operational controllability, but also avoids secondary damage caused by repeated adjustments in traditional traction methods. It achieves the technical effects of structural stability, reliable reduction, simple operation and repeatable positioning, and is suitable for rapid reduction and fixation in the surgery of comminuted fractures of long bones.

[0061] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones, characterized in that, include: The intermediate section positioning mechanism (200) includes a positioning tube (16), the outer wall of which is provided with a radially outwardly protruding wedge-shaped ridge (17). Two sets of side segment positioning mechanisms (100) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle segment positioning mechanism (200). Each set of side segment positioning mechanisms (100) includes a long strip frame (1). The frame (1) is provided with a movable block (6) that can move along its length direction. The movable block (6) is connected to a flexible piece (8) that extends out of the frame (1) for fixing the side bone block. Both sides of the frame (1) are provided with strip-shaped openings (2) that extend along its length direction. The flexible piece (8) extends out through the strip-shaped openings (2). The frame (1) has a mounting block (14) at one end near the middle section positioning mechanism (200). The mounting block (14) has a notch that matches the positioning tube (16), and the inner wall of the notch has a rack (15). The frames (1) of the two sets of side section positioning mechanisms (100) overlap each other at their near ends and are sleeved on the outside of the positioning tube (16). The rack (15) and the wedge-shaped protrusion (17) have matching guide slopes and limiting stop surfaces. The guide slopes are used to guide the two sets of frames (1) to slide relative to each other in the direction of approaching each other. The limiting stop surfaces form a mechanical limit that abuts each other when the two sets of frames (1) move in opposite directions.

2. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a lead screw (5), and the movable block (6) is threadedly engaged with the lead screw (5) and moves axially as it rotates; The frame (1) is provided with a first mounting seat (3) and a second mounting seat (4) for supporting the rotation of the lead screw (5). The two ends of the lead screw (5) are respectively rotatably connected to the first mounting seat (3) and the second mounting seat (4).

3. The reset device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the lead screw (5) is coaxially mounted with a first bevel gear (10), and the frame (1) is provided with a handle (12). The handle (12) is connected to a second bevel gear (11) that meshes with the first bevel gear (10).

4. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the movable block (6) are provided with rigid plates (7) that pass through the strip opening (2) and are connected to the flexible sheet (8).

5. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sheet (8) has several positioning holes (9) for inserting bone nails.

6. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sets of frames (1) are set in a stepped shape at their overlapping ends so that the two sets of frames (1) remain at the same height after overlapping.

7. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch on the mounting block (14) is a U-shaped notch, and the rack (15) is symmetrically arranged on the two inner sidewalls of the U-shaped notch.

8. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side segment positioning mechanisms (100) also include a cover (13) covering the frame (1).

9. The reset device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning tube (16) and the mounting block (14) are in a sliding fit in the axial direction perpendicular to the length of the frame (1) so that the positioning tube (16) can be pulled out from the overlapping frame (1).

10. A method for intraoperative reduction of comminuted fractures of long bones, characterized in that, Using the reset device according to any one of claims 1-9, the process includes the following steps: S1: Fix the positioning tube (16) to the intermediate bone block using bone screws; S2: The overlapping ends of the frames (1) of the two sets of side section positioning mechanisms (100) are fitted onto the outer periphery of the positioning tube (16), so that the rack (15) and the wedge-shaped protrusion (17) enter the meshing area; S3: Adjust the position of the flexible sheet (8) in the length direction of the frame (1) so that it corresponds to the bone blocks on both sides; S4: Fix the two sets of side segment positioning mechanisms (100) to the bone blocks on both sides respectively; S5: Push the two sets of frames (1) inward along the length of the long bone. Through the cooperation of the guide slope of the rack (15) and the wedge-shaped protrusion (17) with the limiting stop surface, the two sides of the bone block move closer to the middle bone block and form a one-way repositioning lock.

Images