Whole house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system

Abstract

The application discloses a whole-house power circuit safety redundancy protection control system, which comprises a data acquisition module for collecting current instantaneous value, voltage fluctuation rate and node temperature data in real time; a dual-core processing module comprising a main processing unit and a standby processing unit; an execution control module for driving a circuit breaker to act according to a verified result; and a redundancy switching module with a built-in bypass circuit and a standby energy storage unit. The application solves the technical problems of single-point failure and lack of predictive maintenance of the traditional protection system by constructing a multiple redundancy architecture. The system can not only monitor electrical parameters in real time, but also identify potential risks in advance through trend analysis, and seamlessly switch to a standby circuit when the main circuit fails. This design significantly improves the safety of whole-house power consumption, avoids protection failure caused by single device failure, ensures the continuity of power supply, reduces property loss and inconvenience caused by accidental power failure, and has significant practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart home and electrical safety technology, specifically to a whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing whole-house electrical protection systems mostly rely on traditional circuit breakers or residual current devices (RCDs). Their operating mechanism is primarily based on passive response to current overload or short circuit, resulting in delayed response and limited functionality. When hidden faults such as poor contact or insulation aging occur in the wiring, traditional devices often fail to provide effective early warning before a fire occurs. Furthermore, in a single-level protection architecture, if the main protection device fails, there is a risk of losing accurate protection at that level, posing a significant safety hazard. In addition, existing systems cannot provide a backup power path after a power outage due to a fault, leading to unexpected power outages for critical household loads such as security and medical equipment, affecting users' normal lives and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address this issue, the present invention provides a whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection and control system to solve the problem in the prior art where the entire circuit loses protection and poses a significant safety hazard once the main protection device fails.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system includes:

[0006] The data acquisition module is deployed at the inlet and each branch circuit to collect instantaneous current values, voltage fluctuation rate and node temperature data in real time.

[0007] The dual-core processing module includes a main processing unit and a backup processing unit. The two run the same security assessment algorithm in parallel and verify each other's output results. If the results are inconsistent, a self-test program is triggered and third-party arbitration logic is enabled.

[0008] The execution control module drives the circuit breaker to operate based on the verification results.

[0009] The redundancy switching module has a built-in bypass circuit and backup energy storage unit. When the main circuit fault level reaches the preset threshold, the load is seamlessly switched to the bypass circuit before the main circuit is disconnected.

[0010] The system dynamically adjusts the redundancy strategy according to the fault type, issues an alarm for instantaneous overload, initiates physical isolation for continuous overheating or insulation degradation, and eliminates the risk of single-point malfunction through dual-core comparison.

[0011] Opto-isolation technology is used between each module to prevent high voltage interference to the logic circuit, realizing a dual redundancy protection architecture for both hardware and logic. The redundancy switching module monitors the voltage phase during the switching process to ensure in-phase switching.

[0012] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a Hall sensor and an infrared temperature measurement array. The infrared temperature measurement array covers all wiring terminals in the distribution box to monitor temperature in a non-contact manner, avoiding measurement errors caused by the aging of contact sensors.

[0013] Preferably, the dual-core processing unit is pre-loaded with a thermo-electric coupling fault model, which is used to calculate the deviation between the theoretical value of the current thermal effect and the measured temperature. When the deviation exceeds a set range, it is determined to be an abnormal contact resistance. The thermo-electric coupling fault model also combines environmental humidity data to dynamically adjust the judgment threshold of insulation faults. In humid environments, it automatically lowers the action threshold of leakage protection to prevent misjudgment or missed judgment due to environmental factors. In addition, the thermo-electric coupling fault model supports a self-learning function, which optimizes parameters based on historical fault data, so that the fault recognition rate gradually improves over time.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a wireless communication module that uses dual-band transmission technology to automatically switch to a backup frequency band when the main frequency band is interfered with, ensuring that control commands and status data are reliably transmitted to the cloud server.

[0015] Preferably, the execution control module includes both mechanical and electronic trip units. The electronic trip unit is used for rapid response, while the mechanical trip unit serves as a physical safeguard. The two operate independently, and either trigger can cut off the circuit.

[0016] Preferably, the cloud server is equipped with a user interface that allows users to remotely view the load power and health score of each circuit; when the system detects a non-emergency fault, it pushes maintenance suggestions instead of directly cutting off the power, and the user can confirm whether to cut off the power immediately through the interface; if the user does not respond within the specified time and the fault level is upgraded, the system will force the power-off operation to realize a human-machine collaborative safety management strategy.

[0017] Preferably, the system is equipped with an independent backup power supply to power the logic circuit during a power outage, ensuring the completion of the last fault data saving and transmission, and preventing data loss.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] This invention solves the technical problems of single-point failure and lack of predictive maintenance in traditional protection systems by constructing a multi-redundancy architecture. The system can not only monitor electrical parameters in real time, but also identify potential risks in advance through trend analysis, and seamlessly switch to the backup circuit in the event of a main circuit failure. This design significantly improves the safety of electricity use throughout the house, avoids protection failure caused by the failure of a single component, ensures the continuity of power supply, and reduces property damage and inconvenience caused by unexpected power outages, thus having significant practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0021] Figure 1 A block diagram of a whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described content.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system includes:

[0024] The data acquisition module is deployed at the inlet and each branch circuit to collect instantaneous current values, voltage fluctuation rate and node temperature data in real time.

[0025] The dual-core processing module includes a main processing unit and a backup processing unit. The two run the same security assessment algorithm in parallel and verify each other's output results. If the results are inconsistent, a self-test program is triggered and third-party arbitration logic is enabled.

[0026] The execution control module drives the circuit breaker to operate based on the verification results.

[0027] The redundancy switching module has a built-in bypass circuit and backup energy storage unit. When the main circuit fault level reaches the preset threshold, the load is seamlessly switched to the bypass circuit before the main circuit is disconnected.

[0028] The system dynamically adjusts its redundancy strategy based on the fault type. It only alarms for instantaneous overloads, while physical isolation is activated for continuous overheating or insulation degradation. It also eliminates the risk of single-point malfunctions through dual-core comparison, ensuring the accuracy of protection actions and the continuity of power supply. Furthermore, opto-isolation technology is used between modules to prevent high-voltage interference with logic circuits, achieving a dual redundancy protection architecture for both hardware and logic. The redundancy switching module monitors the voltage phase during switching to ensure in-phase switching and avoid damage to the load equipment from inrush current.

[0029] After the system is powered on, the data acquisition module uses Hall sensors and an infrared temperature measurement array to collect the current, voltage, and terminal temperature of each branch circuit in the whole house at a millisecond frequency. Infrared non-contact temperature measurement avoids sensor aging errors.

[0030] After receiving data, the dual-core processing module runs the thermo-electric coupling fault model in parallel with the primary unit, calculating the deviation between the current thermal effect and the measured temperature. If the deviation is abnormal or the ambient humidity changes, the system dynamically adjusts the threshold. If the dual-core results are inconsistent, arbitration logic is activated. The execution control module drives the dual trip units according to instructions; the electronic trip provides a fast response, while the mechanical trip serves as a physical safeguard.

[0031] When a serious fault such as continuous overheating occurs in the main circuit, the redundancy switching module monitors the voltage phase, first closing the bypass circuit to achieve seamless in-phase switching, and then disconnecting the main circuit. The wireless communication module uploads data to the cloud via dual-band, and users can view the health status through an interactive interface. For non-emergency faults, the system pushes suggestions instead of directly cutting off power. If the user does not respond and the fault escalates, the system forces a power outage. If the mains power is interrupted, the supercapacitor maintains system operation, ensuring that the last fault record is successfully uploaded for easy traceability, thereby achieving comprehensive safety redundancy protection for the entire house's power supply.

[0032] To accurately determine whether the fault source is located inside the protection device (such as contact oxidation or mechanical jamming) or on the external load side (such as electrical short circuit or circuit overload), the system's judgment logic is as follows:

[0033] When the infrared temperature measurement array detects an abnormal temperature rise, the central processing module compares the temperature rise rate of each area.

[0034] If the temperature of the circuit breaker body area is significantly higher than that of the incoming and outgoing terminals (e.g., Tbody - Toutgoing > ΔTthreshold), and the temperature of the incoming terminal is normal, it is determined that the protection device itself is faulty (e.g., excessive internal contact resistance). At this time, the redundancy switching module executes the "bypass switching" strategy, that is, closes the bypass contactor to bypass the faulty circuit breaker and maintain power supply.

[0035] If the temperature in the outgoing line area and the downstream line area rises simultaneously, and the circuit breaker body temperature is relatively low, then a fault is determined to be on the load side or the line side. At this time, the system is prohibited from switching to bypass (to prevent the fault from being introduced into the backup circuit), and instead directly executes the "cut-off protection" strategy, disconnecting the power supply to the branch from the main circuit and the backup circuit, while only keeping other healthy circuits running.

[0036] In the dual-core processing module, the incoming voltage Uin and outgoing voltage Uout of the circuit breaker are collected through high-precision voltage sampling points, and the loop current I is also collected.

[0037] Calculation logic: The system calculates the voltage drop across the circuit breaker in real time ΔU=Uin-Uout, and calculates the dynamic impedance R=ΔU / I.

[0038] Judgment logic:

[0039] If the current I is within the rated range, but the dynamic impedance R shows a monotonically increasing trend over time (indicating accelerated contact oxidation), it is determined to be an aging fault of the protection device itself. The system triggers an early warning and prepares for bypass switching.

[0040] If the current I suddenly increases sharply, and the voltage drop ΔU is mainly caused by the line impedance (following the linear relationship of Ohm's law), it is determined that there is an overload or short circuit on the load side. The system immediately triggers the trip unit to disconnect the circuit and does not activate the bypass.

[0041] Traditional contact temperature sensors often suffer from measurement distortion due to oxidation or loose wiring after long-term operation. To solve this technical problem, the following technical solution is provided: The data acquisition module includes a Hall sensor and an infrared temperature measurement array. The infrared temperature measurement array covers all terminals in the distribution box, monitoring temperature in a non-contact manner, avoiding measurement errors caused by the aging of contact sensors, and improving the long-term stability of data acquisition.

[0042] The infrared temperature measurement array used in this system is installed at the top inside the distribution box. Its field of view is optically designed to fully cover the wiring terminals of all circuit breakers inside the box. Combined with Hall effect sensors to collect current, the system can obtain the thermal status of critical nodes without physical contact, avoiding the risk of altering the original electrical clearances due to sensor installation, and significantly improving the long-term stability and security of data acquisition.

[0043] The dual-core processing unit is pre-loaded with a thermo-electric coupling fault model (which calculates the theoretical temperature rise under the current current based on Joule's law and compares it with the infrared measured temperature. If the measured temperature is significantly higher than the theoretical value, it indicates an abnormal increase in contact resistance and a potential for a loose connection). This model is used to calculate the deviation between the theoretical value of the current thermal effect and the measured temperature. When the deviation exceeds a set range, it is determined that the contact resistance is abnormal. The model also incorporates environmental humidity data (because a humid environment reduces the air insulation strength) to dynamically adjust the threshold for judging insulation faults. In humid environments, it automatically lowers the action threshold of the leakage protection to prevent false or missed judgments due to environmental factors. This ensures that potential electrical fire hazards can be accurately identified under different climatic conditions, improving the system's environmental adaptability. In addition, the model supports a self-learning function. By recording the actual operating conditions after each false alarm or missed alarm, it gradually corrects the baseline parameters under different seasons and load types, optimizes parameters based on historical fault data, and gradually improves the fault recognition rate over time.

[0044] It also includes a wireless communication module that uses dual-band transmission technology. When the main band is interfered with, it automatically switches to the backup band to ensure that control commands and status data are reliably transmitted to the cloud server. For example, the main band is 2.4GHz WiFi and the backup band is a proprietary Sub-1GHz protocol.

[0045] The execution control module includes both mechanical and electronic trip units. The electronic trip unit is used for rapid response, while the mechanical trip unit serves as the final physical safeguard. Both operate independently, and either triggering can disconnect the circuit. The electronic trip unit is controlled by logic circuitry, enabling millisecond-level rapid disconnection, suitable for handling leakage current or instantaneous overloads. The mechanical trip unit, on the other hand, is based on the principle of bimetallic strip thermal deformation or electromagnetic force, operating completely independently of the electronic circuitry. When the system encounters a lightning surge that damages electronic components, the electronic trip unit may fail. However, if the current remains excessively high, the mechanical trip unit will still activate due to physical thermal effects to disconnect the circuit.

[0046] The cloud server is equipped with a user interface that allows users to remotely view the load power and health score of each circuit. When the system detects a non-emergency fault, it pushes maintenance suggestions instead of directly cutting off the power. Users can confirm whether to cut off the power immediately through the interface. If the user does not respond within the specified time and the fault level is upgraded, the system will force a power-off operation to realize a human-machine collaborative safety management strategy and avoid over-protection from affecting normal life.

[0047] When the system detects a non-emergency fault (such as a minor overload or trend warning), it will not directly cut off the power and disrupt daily life. Instead, it will push a "suggested check" message through the app, which the user can remotely confirm or ignore within a specified time. However, if the user does not respond and the fault level escalates (such as the temperature continuing to rise), the system will determine that the user has not intervened and the risk has increased, thereby forcibly cutting off the power.

[0048] The system is equipped with a supercapacitor as an independent backup power source to supply power to the logic circuits during a power outage, ensuring the completion of the last fault data saving and transmission and preventing data loss.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is deployed at the inlet and each branch circuit to collect instantaneous current values, voltage fluctuation rate and node temperature data in real time. The dual-core processing module includes a main processing unit and a backup processing unit. The two run the same security assessment algorithm in parallel and verify each other's output results. If the results are inconsistent, a self-test program is triggered and third-party arbitration logic is enabled. The execution control module drives the circuit breaker to operate based on the verification results. The redundancy switching module has a built-in bypass circuit and backup energy storage unit. When the main circuit fault level reaches the preset threshold, the load is seamlessly switched to the bypass circuit before the main circuit is disconnected. The system dynamically adjusts the redundancy strategy according to the fault type, issues an alarm for instantaneous overload, initiates physical isolation for continuous overheating or insulation degradation, and eliminates the risk of single-point malfunction through dual-core comparison. Opto-isolation technology is used between each module to prevent high voltage interference to the logic circuit, realizing a dual redundancy protection architecture for both hardware and logic. The redundancy switching module monitors the voltage phase during the switching process to ensure in-phase switching.

2. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes a Hall sensor and an infrared temperature measurement array. The infrared temperature measurement array covers all terminals in the distribution box to monitor temperature in a non-contact manner, avoiding measurement errors caused by the aging of contact sensors.

3. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-core processing unit is pre-loaded with a thermo-electric coupling fault model, which is used to calculate the deviation between the theoretical value of the current thermal effect and the measured temperature. When the deviation exceeds the set range, it is judged as an abnormal contact resistance. The thermo-electric coupling fault model also combines environmental humidity data to dynamically adjust the judgment threshold of insulation faults. In humid environments, it automatically lowers the action threshold of leakage protection to prevent misjudgment or missed judgment due to environmental factors. In addition, the thermo-electric coupling fault model supports a self-learning function, which optimizes parameters based on historical fault data, so that the fault recognition rate gradually improves over time.

4. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a wireless communication module that uses dual-band transmission technology. When the main band is interfered with, it automatically switches to the backup band to ensure that control commands and status data are reliably transmitted to the cloud server.

5. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The execution control module includes a mechanical trip unit and an electronic trip unit. The electronic trip unit is used for rapid response, while the mechanical trip unit serves as a physical safeguard. The two operate independently, and either one can cut off the circuit upon triggering.

6. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cloud server is equipped with a user interface that allows users to remotely view the load power and health score of each circuit. When the system detects a non-emergency fault, it pushes maintenance suggestions instead of directly cutting off the power. Users can confirm whether to cut off the power immediately through the interface. If the user does not respond within the specified time and the fault level is upgraded, the system will force a power-off operation to realize a human-machine collaborative safety management strategy.

7. The whole-house electrical circuit safety redundancy protection control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system is equipped with an independent backup power supply to power the logic circuit during a moment of mains power failure, ensuring the completion of the last fault data saving and transmission, and preventing data loss.

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