Battery management device, method of operating the same, and battery pack

Abstract

A battery pack according to embodiments disclosed herein may include: a plurality of battery cells; a first material located between the plurality of battery cells; a piezoelectric sensor adjacent to the first material; a temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the plurality of battery cells; and a battery management device configured to determine an anomaly of the plurality of battery cells, an anomaly of the piezoelectric sensor, and an anomaly of the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0187611, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on December 20, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to battery management devices, their operation methods, and battery packs. Background Technology

[0005] Recently, research and development of rechargeable batteries have been actively pursued. In this paper, rechargeable batteries, as rechargeable / dischargeable batteries, can include all conventional nickel (Ni) / cadmium (Cd) batteries, Ni / metal hydride (MH) batteries, and more recently, lithium-ion batteries. Among rechargeable batteries, lithium-ion batteries have a significantly higher energy density than conventional Ni / Cd and Ni / MH batteries. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries can be manufactured to be small and lightweight, making them suitable for use as power sources in mobile devices. More recently, their application has expanded to powering electric vehicles, attracting attention as a next-generation energy storage medium.

[0006] Rapid temperature changes within a battery can lead to performance degradation and fire risks, prompting the development of various technologies to prevent these temperature fluctuations. Specifically, rapid temperature changes in the battery cells within a battery pack can be prevented by arranging additional heat-absorbing materials around them. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical issues

[0008] The embodiments disclosed herein aim to provide a battery management device, its operation method, and a battery pack, wherein a piezoelectric sensor in the battery pack can be used to determine whether a phase change in paraffin adjacent to a battery cell is proceeding normally.

[0009] The embodiments disclosed herein are intended to provide a battery management device, its operation method, and a battery pack, wherein anomalies of multiple battery cells, piezoelectric sensors, or temperature sensors can be determined based on information obtained from piezoelectric sensors and temperature sensors.

[0010] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand other unmentioned technical problems based on the following description.

[0011] Technical solution

[0012] A battery pack according to an embodiment disclosed herein includes: a plurality of battery cells; a first material located between the plurality of battery cells; a piezoelectric sensor adjacent to the first material; a temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the plurality of battery cells; and a battery management device configured to determine an anomaly of the plurality of battery cells, an anomaly of the piezoelectric sensor, and an anomaly of the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.

[0013] In one implementation, the battery management device may also be configured to determine whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from a piezoelectric sensor.

[0014] In an embodiment, the battery management device may also be configured to determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of a plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

[0015] In an embodiment, the battery management device may also be configured to determine that multiple battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

[0016] In an implementation, the first material can suppress the temperature rise of the multiple battery cells during charging / discharging.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first material may include paraffin wax.

[0018] A battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein includes: an information acquisition unit configured to acquire the temperature of a plurality of battery cells from a temperature sensor and acquire pressure information of a first material between the plurality of battery cells from a piezoelectric sensor; and a controller configured to determine an anomaly of the plurality of battery cells, an anomaly of the piezoelectric sensor, and an anomaly of the temperature sensor based on the information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.

[0019] In one implementation, the controller may also be configured to determine whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor.

[0020] In an implementation, the controller may also be configured to determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

[0021] In an implementation, the controller may also be configured to determine that the multiple battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

[0022] In an implementation, the first material can suppress the temperature rise of the multiple battery cells during charging / discharging.

[0023] An operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein includes: acquiring the temperature of a plurality of battery cells from a temperature sensor, and acquiring pressure information of a first material between the plurality of battery cells from a piezoelectric sensor; and determining, based on the information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells, an anomaly of the plurality of battery cells, an anomaly of the piezoelectric sensor, and an anomaly of the temperature sensor.

[0024] In one implementation, determining anomalies in multiple battery cells, piezoelectric sensors, and temperature sensors based on information received from piezoelectric sensors and the temperatures of multiple battery cells may include determining whether a first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from piezoelectric sensors.

[0025] In an implementation, determining an anomaly of the multiple battery cells, an anomaly of the piezoelectric sensor, and an anomaly of the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the multiple battery cells may include: determining that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

[0026] In an implementation, determining the abnormality of the multiple battery cells, the abnormality of the piezoelectric sensor, and the abnormality of the temperature sensor based on the information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the multiple battery cells may include: determining that the multiple battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

[0027] Beneficial effects

[0028] The battery management device, its operation method, and battery pack according to the embodiments disclosed herein can detect the phase change of paraffin in the battery pack using a piezoelectric sensor and determine whether the temperature sensor or the piezoelectric sensor is faulty.

[0029] The battery management device, its operation method, and battery pack according to the embodiments disclosed herein can detect temperature sensor malfunctions, thereby improving fire resistance.

[0030] In addition, various effects that can be directly or indirectly confirmed through this document can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a block diagram showing the structure of a typical battery pack.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a battery pack according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In the following, the embodiments disclosed herein will be described in detail with reference to exemplary accompanying drawings. When adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, it should be noted that the same components should be labeled identically whenever possible, even when they are shown in different drawings. Furthermore, in describing the embodiments disclosed herein, detailed descriptions of related known configurations or functions will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions interfere with the understanding of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0037] To describe the components of the embodiments disclosed herein, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc., may be used. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another and are not limited to the nature, order, or sequence of the components. The terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art, provided that these terms are not defined differently. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant art and should not be interpreted as having an ideal or exaggerated meaning unless they are clearly defined in this application.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a block diagram showing the structure of a typical battery pack.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates a battery control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, including a battery pack 1 and a higher-level controller 2 included in a higher-level system.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 1 may include: a plurality of battery cells 10, each battery cell 10 comprising one or more battery cells and being rechargeable / dischargeable; a switching unit 14, which is connected in series to the positive (+) terminal or negative (-) terminal of the plurality of battery cells 10 to control the charging / discharging current flow of the plurality of battery cells 10; and a battery management system 20, which is used to control and manage the battery pack 1 by monitoring the voltage, current, temperature, etc., to prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The battery pack 1 may include a plurality of battery management systems 20, sensors 12, switching units 14, and a plurality of battery cells 10.

[0041] In this document, the switching unit 14, which is an element for controlling the current flow for charging or discharging multiple battery cells 10, may, for example, use at least one relay, magnetic contactor, etc., depending on the specifications of the battery pack 1.

[0042] The battery management system 20, serving as an interface for receiving measured values ​​of the various parameters described above, may include multiple terminals and circuits connected thereto to process input values. The battery management system 20 can control the switching unit 14, such as a relay or contactor, to turn on / off, and can be connected to multiple battery cells 10 to monitor the state of each battery cell 10. According to an embodiment, the battery management system 20 may include... Figure 3 The battery management device 100. According to another embodiment, the battery management system 20 may be different from... Figure 3 The battery management device 100. That is to say, Figure 3 The battery management device 100 can be included in the battery pack 1 and can be configured as other devices outside the battery pack 1. The following operations of the battery management device 100 can also be performed in various devices, such as not only battery management systems (BMS) in vehicles but also servers, cloud, chargers, chargers, etc.

[0043] The upper-level controller 2 can send control signals to the battery management system 20 regarding the plurality of battery cells 10. Therefore, the operation of the battery management system 20 can also be controlled based on the signals applied from the upper-level controller 2.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a battery pack according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 The battery pack 1 according to the embodiments disclosed herein may include a plurality of battery cells 10, a first material 20, a piezoelectric sensor 30, a temperature sensor 40, and a battery management device 100. According to an embodiment, the battery management device 100 may be connected to… Figure 1The battery management system 20 is basically the same or can be included in Figure 1 The battery management system 20.

[0046] The first material 20 may be located between the plurality of battery cells 10. For example, the first material 20 may be arranged between and adjacent to the plurality of battery cells 10. In another example, the first material 20 may be arranged at a location capable of absorbing heat when heat is generated from the plurality of battery cells 10. According to embodiments, the first material 20 may be, but is not limited to, paraffin wax.

[0047] According to an embodiment, the first material 20 can absorb heat based on the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 10, making a phase change possible. For example, when the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 10 rises, the first material 20 can liquefy by absorbing heat. In another example, when the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 10 decreases, the first material 20 can solidify by releasing heat.

[0048] The piezoelectric sensor 30 may be located in proximity to the first material 20. For example, the piezoelectric sensor 30 can sense pressure changes when the volume of the first material 20 changes due to a phase transition of the first material 20. According to one embodiment, when the first material 20 undergoes a phase transition to become a solid, the volume of the first material 20 increases and therefore the pressure increases, thereby activating the piezoelectric sensor 30. According to another embodiment, when the first material 20 undergoes a phase transition to become a liquid, the volume of the first material 20 decreases and therefore the pressure decreases, thereby deactivating the piezoelectric sensor 30.

[0049] Temperature sensor 40 can detect the temperature of multiple battery cells 10. For example, temperature sensor 40 can be arranged in multiples to detect the temperature of each of the multiple battery cells 10. In another example, temperature sensor 40 can be arranged in an odd or even plural manner to detect the temperature of some of the multiple battery cells 10. According to an embodiment, temperature sensor 40 can be attached to a battery cell.

[0050] The battery management device 100 can receive information from the piezoelectric sensor 30 and the temperature sensor 40. For example, the battery management device 100 can determine an anomaly in the multiple battery cells 10, an anomaly in the piezoelectric sensor 30, and an anomaly in the temperature sensor 40 based on the information received from the piezoelectric sensor 30 and the temperature of the multiple battery cells 10.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the battery management device 100 can determine the phase transition of the first material 20 based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor 30. For example, the battery management device 100 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase transition to a solid when the piezoelectric sensor 30 is not in operation and then in operation. In another example, the battery management device 100 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase transition to a liquid when the piezoelectric sensor 30 is in operation and then in operation.

[0052] The battery management device 100 can determine that either the piezoelectric sensor 30 or the temperature sensor 40 is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor 30 is not working and the temperature of a plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor 40 is less than or equal to a first set value. For example, the first set value may be the temperature at which the first material 20 undergoes a phase transformation to become a solid.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the battery pack 1 may include multiple piezoelectric sensors and multiple temperature sensors. In this case, the battery management device 100 can comprehensively consider the information received from the multiple piezoelectric sensors and multiple temperature sensors to determine whether any of the piezoelectric sensors and temperature sensors is faulty.

[0054] The battery management device 100 can determine that multiple battery cells 10 are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor 30 is not working and the temperature of multiple battery cells 10 detected by the temperature sensor 40 is greater than or equal to a second set value. For example, the second set value may be the temperature at which the first material 20 undergoes a phase change to become liquid.

[0055] According to the embodiment, the first material 20 can suppress temperature changes in the plurality of battery cells 10 during charging / discharging. For example, the first material 20 can be liquefied by absorbing heat generated from the plurality of battery cells 10, thereby suppressing temperature rise in the plurality of battery cells 10.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 The battery management device 100 according to the embodiments disclosed herein may include an information acquisition unit 110 and a controller 120. According to an embodiment, the battery management device 100 may be connected to... Figure 2 The battery management device 100 is basically the same.

[0058] The information acquisition unit 110 can acquire the temperature of multiple battery cells from a temperature sensor and the pressure information of a first material between the multiple battery cells from a piezoelectric sensor. For example, the temperature sensor can be attached to the multiple battery cells to sense the temperature of all or some of the battery cells. In another example, the piezoelectric sensor can be attached in proximity to the first material to sense the pressure information of the first material.

[0059] According to an embodiment, the first material can be located between multiple battery cells and can suppress the temperature rise of the multiple battery cells during charging / discharging. For example, the first material can be paraffin wax.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the piezoelectric sensor may be located in proximity to the first material. For example, the piezoelectric sensor can sense pressure changes when the volume of the first material changes due to a phase transition. According to one embodiment, when the first material undergoes a phase transition to become a solid, its volume increases and therefore its pressure increases, thereby activating the piezoelectric sensor. According to another embodiment, when the first material undergoes a phase transition to become a liquid, its volume decreases and therefore its pressure decreases, thereby deactivating the piezoelectric sensor.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of multiple battery cells. For example, the temperature sensor can be arranged in multiples to detect the temperature of each of the multiple battery cells. In another example, the temperature sensor can be arranged in an odd or even odd number to detect the temperature of some of the multiple battery cells. According to one embodiment, the temperature sensor can be attached to the battery cell.

[0062] The controller 120 can determine anomalies in multiple battery cells, piezoelectric sensors, and temperature sensors based on information received from the piezoelectric sensors and the temperatures of the multiple battery cells.

[0063] According to one implementation, the controller 120 can determine whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor. For example, the controller 120 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase transition to a solid when the piezoelectric sensor is not operating and then operating. In another example, the controller 120 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase transition to a liquid when the piezoelectric sensor is operating and then not operating.

[0064] The controller 120 can determine anomalies in multiple battery cells, piezoelectric sensors, and temperature sensors based on whether the first material has undergone a phase change and the temperature of multiple battery cells.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the controller 120 can determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value. For example, the first set value may be the temperature at which the first material undergoes a phase transformation to become a solid.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the controller 120 can determine that multiple battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value. For example, the second set value may be the temperature at which the first material undergoes a phase change to become liquid.

[0067] According to the implementation, temperature sensors and piezoelectric sensors can be arranged in multiples. Therefore, the controller 120 can determine whether the multiple temperature sensors and multiple pressure sensors are functioning properly based on information received from the multiple temperature sensors and multiple pressure sensors. For example, when there are two temperature sensors and one pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is not working, and both temperature sensors indicate that the temperature of multiple battery cells is less than or equal to a first set value, the controller 120 can determine that the pressure sensor is malfunctioning.

[0068] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the battery management device 100 and battery pack 1 can detect the phase change of paraffin in the battery pack using a piezoelectric sensor and determine whether the temperature sensor or the piezoelectric sensor is faulty.

[0069] The battery management device 100 and battery pack 1 according to the embodiments disclosed herein can detect temperature sensor malfunctions, thereby improving fire resistance.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein. According to the embodiment, Figure 4 The operations shown can be performed by Figure 3 The battery management device 100 is executed.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 In operation 210, the information acquisition unit 110 can acquire the temperature of multiple battery cells from the temperature sensor and acquire the pressure information of the first material between the multiple battery cells from the piezoelectric sensor.

[0072] In operation 220, controller 120 can determine anomalies in multiple battery cells, piezoelectric sensors, and temperature sensors based on information received from piezoelectric sensors and the temperatures of multiple battery cells.

[0073] According to an implementation, in operation 220, the controller 120 can determine whether the first material has undergone a phase change based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor. For example, the controller 120 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase change to become a solid when the piezoelectric sensor is not operating and then operating. In another example, the controller 120 can determine that the first material 20 has undergone a phase change to become a liquid when the piezoelectric sensor is operating and then not operating.

[0074] According to an embodiment, in operation 220, the controller 120 can determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value. For example, the first set value may be the temperature at which the first material undergoes a phase transformation to become a solid.

[0075] According to an embodiment, in operation 220, the controller 120 can determine that multiple battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of multiple battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value. For example, the second set value may be the temperature at which the first material undergoes a phase change to become liquid.

[0076] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0077] Reference Figure 5 The computing system 1000 according to the embodiments disclosed herein may include a microcontroller unit (MCU) 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface (I / F) 1030, and a communication I / F 1040.

[0078] MCU 1010 can be a processor that executes various programs (e.g., phase transition determination program, anomaly determination program, etc.) stored in memory 1020; processes various information including anomalies of multiple battery cells, anomalies of piezoelectric sensors, anomalies of temperature sensors, and whether a phase transition of the first material has occurred; and executes... Figure 3 The battery management device shown includes the controller with the aforementioned functions.

[0079] The memory 1020 can store various programs, such as phase transition determination programs and anomaly determination programs. The memory 1020 can store various information, including anomalies of multiple battery cells, anomalies of piezoelectric sensors, anomalies of temperature sensors, and whether a phase transition of the first material has occurred.

[0080] The memory 1020 can be configured in multiple ways as needed. The memory 1020 can be volatile or non-volatile. For the memory 1020 as volatile memory, random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), etc., can be used. For the memory 1020 as non-volatile memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically variable ROM (EAROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, etc., can be used. The examples of memory 1020 listed above are merely examples and are not limited to these.

[0081] The Input / Output I / F 1030 can provide an interface for sending and receiving data by connecting input devices (not shown) such as a keyboard, mouse, touch panel, etc., and output devices (not shown) such as a display, etc., to the MCU 1010.

[0082] The communication I / F 1040, which is a component capable of sending and receiving various types of data from a server, can be any type of device capable of supporting wired or wireless communication. For example, a battery management device can use the communication I / F 1040 to send and receive various information, including anomalies in multiple battery cells, anomalies in piezoelectric sensors, anomalies in temperature sensors, and whether a phase change in the first material has occurred, from a separately configured external server.

[0083] Therefore, a computer program according to the embodiments disclosed herein can be recorded in memory 1020 and processed by MCU 1010, thereby being implemented to execute... Figure 3 The module with the functions shown.

[0084] The above description is merely an illustration of the technical concepts disclosed herein, and various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments disclosed herein pertain without departing from the essential characteristics of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0085] Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein are intended to describe, and not limit, the technical spirit of the embodiments disclosed herein, and the scope of the technical spirit disclosed herein is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the technical spirit disclosed herein should be interpreted by the appended claims, and all technical spirit within the same scope should be understood to be included within the scope of this document.

[0086] [Figure Labels]

[0087] 1: Battery pack

[0088] 2: Upper-level controller

[0089] 10: Multiple battery cells

[0090] 12: Sensors

[0091] 14: Switching Unit

[0092] 20: Battery Management System

[0093] 100: Battery Management Device

[0094] 110: Information Acquisition Unit

[0095] 120: Controller

[0096] 1000: Computing System

[0097] 1010: MCU

[0098] 1020: Memory

[0099] 1030: Input / Output I / F

[0100] 1040: Communication I / F

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising: Multiple battery cells; The first material located between the plurality of battery cells; A piezoelectric sensor adjacent to the first material; A temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the plurality of battery cells; as well as A battery management device configured to determine anomalies in the plurality of battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, The battery management device is also configured to determine whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, The battery management device is further configured to determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, The battery management device is further configured to determine that the plurality of battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, The first material suppresses the temperature rise of the plurality of battery cells during charging / discharging.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, The first material includes paraffin wax.

7. A battery management device, comprising: An information acquisition unit is configured to acquire the temperature of a plurality of battery cells from a temperature sensor and to acquire pressure information of a first material between the plurality of battery cells from a piezoelectric sensor. as well as A controller configured to determine anomalies in the plurality of battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.

8. The battery management device according to claim 7, wherein, The controller is also configured to determine whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor.

9. The battery management device according to claim 7, wherein, The controller is also configured to determine that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

10. The battery management device according to claim 7, wherein, The controller is also configured to determine that the plurality of battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

11. The battery management device according to claim 7, wherein, The first material suppresses the temperature rise of the plurality of battery cells during charging / discharging.

12. A method of operating a battery management device, the method comprising: The temperature of multiple battery cells is obtained from a temperature sensor, and the pressure information of a first material between the multiple battery cells is obtained from a piezoelectric sensor; as well as Anomalies in the multiple battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor are determined based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the multiple battery cells.

13. The operating method according to claim 12, wherein, Determining anomalies in the plurality of battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells includes: determining whether the first material has undergone a phase transition based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor.

14. The operating method according to claim 12, wherein, Determining anomalies in the plurality of battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells includes: determining that either the piezoelectric sensor or the temperature sensor is faulty when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is less than or equal to a first set value.

15. The operating method according to claim 12, wherein, Determining anomalies of the plurality of battery cells, the piezoelectric sensor, and the temperature sensor based on information received from the piezoelectric sensor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells includes: determining that the plurality of battery cells are in an overheated state when the piezoelectric sensor is not working and the temperature of the plurality of battery cells detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to a second set value.

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