Injector for blowing gaseous medium

Abstract

The invention relates to an injector for blowing gaseous media, in particular gaseous fuel, preferably hydrogen, into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising an axially movable valve closure element for opening and closing at least one opening on a sealing seat, an actuator for actuating the valve closure element, and a flow-influencing geometry arranged fluid-technically downstream of the sealing seat, which is formed in a sleeve downstream of the sealing seat, the sleeve having a hollow-cylindrical section in the region of the sealing seat, a flow-out region with at least one flow-out opening being adjoined to the hollow-cylindrical section, the flow-out opening having an inner contour, the flow-out opening merging into an outer contour of the sleeve, in particular on the end facing the combustion chamber. Here, the flow-out region has a recessed section downstream of the sealing seat, at least two flow-out openings being adjoined downstream of this section, an insert between the at least two flow-out openings serving as a beam splitter and assuming the beam shaping of the gas flow path in the flow-out openings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an injector for blowing gaseous media, particularly gaseous fuel, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Specifically, this invention relates to an injector by which hydrogen can be directly blown into the combustion chamber of a mixed-compression, externally ignited internal combustion engine. Background Technology

[0002] Gas injectors are known from existing technology in various configurations. In recent years, gaseous fuels have become increasingly popular due to their cost advantages and improved environmental compatibility. However, a problem here is that the volume occupied by the amount of gas to be injected is much larger than that of an equivalent amount of liquid fuel. This results in a greater stroke requirement for the shut-off element, which is typically operated by a magnetic actuator. Due to limited installation space, designing magnetic circuits using standard materials is very difficult or sometimes impossible. Materials with high magnetic force are expensive and sometimes harmful to health (e.g., FeCo).

[0003] DE 10 2021 206 438 A1 discloses a gas nozzle for a gas valve, comprising a nozzle body that is at least sectionally hollow and cylindrical, the nozzle body forming a sealing seat through which a gas flow path extends. Furthermore, the gas valve has a reciprocating valve closing element sectionally housed within the nozzle body, the valve closing element having an end section disposed outside the nozzle body and having a sealing profile that interacts with the sealing seat. Additionally, the gas valve has a sleeve surrounding the nozzle body and the end section of the valve closing element, the sleeve defining the gas flow path downstream of the sealing seat, wherein the gas flow path has a cross-sectional narrowing downstream of the sealing seat for achieving a Venturi effect, and at least one suction passage converges into the region of the cross-sectional narrowing. The sleeve is implemented in the form of a blow cap that can be applied to the nozzle body.

[0004] Another type of injector for blowing in a gaseous medium is also known from WO 2023 / 001384 A1. Here, the blow cap, which can be fitted onto the nozzle body, has a sleeve-shaped base with a surrounding outer circumferential surface that transitions into a bottom region at its downstream end. This bottom region is configured such that it has at least one obliquely or asymmetrically blown-out outlet, wherein a flow guide section is additionally constructed in the bottom region, pointing inwards towards the valve closing element against the flow direction, which deflects the flow of the gas to be blown out. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In contrast, the injector according to the invention for blowing gaseous media, especially gaseous fuel, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine has the following advantages: by designing the flow influence geometry downstream of the sealing seat in terms of geometry, optimized gas flow in the injector can be achieved, so that the internal flow of the gaseous media is configured as losslessly as possible through the inner contour of the cap-shaped housing, so that the back pressure located below the valve closing element, i.e. downstream, is reduced, and at the same time the jet can be selectively introduced into the combustion chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, the force acting on the valve closing element is reduced to a minimum in a special manner. As a result, the magnetic force required by the actuator to keep the injector open is reduced, and therefore cost-effective materials can be used in the actuator's magnetic circuit.

[0007] According to the invention, this is achieved by the injector having a valve closing element for releasing and closing at least one opening on the sealing seat. Preferably, the valve closing element is a valve needle capable of axial movement, having a disc-shaped end section. Furthermore, an actuator is provided for manipulating the valve closing element. Preferably, the actuator is a magnetic actuator, but it could also be, for example, a mechanically operated or (piezoelectric) operated actuator. More preferably, the actuator is configured to actively open and hold open the valve closing element by a stroke movement, while the valve closing element is closed by spring force.

[0008] According to the present invention, a notable feature of the flow influence geometry, particularly when disposed in a cap-shaped assembly (hereinafter referred to as a blow cap), is that the assembly has a hollow cylindrical section in the region of the sealing seat, to which an outflow region having at least two outflow openings is connected, each of the outflow openings having an inner contour, the outflow openings converging particularly in the end side facing the combustion chamber, wherein the outflow region has a groove-shaped section downstream of the sealing seat, downstream, the at least two outflow openings are connected to the groove-shaped section, wherein the insert between the at least two outflow openings serves as a beam splitter and undertakes the beam shaping of each gas flow path in the outflow opening.

[0009] In this way, the formation of the gas mixture and the scavenging behavior of residual gases, especially hydrogen, remaining in the outflow opening are particularly improved. Therefore, hydrogen pre-combustion can be advantageously and effectively avoided. Optimized combustion results can be achieved through the flow influence geometry provided according to the invention, via the corresponding inner contour configuration and the resulting flow guidance. This provides maximum possible flexibility in beam design.

[0010] Furthermore, no blocked ineffective volume is generated inside the suit, which could adversely lead to premature pre-ignition.

[0011] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the form of preferred extensions.

[0012] The kit according to the invention has the following advantages: great versatility in modification and high flexibility in the design of inserts integrated into the kit. Furthermore, it enables simple and reproducible production. Preferably, the kit is manufactured using MIM (Metal Injection Molding) or 3D printing, especially 3D metal printing.

[0013] The insert is a single, technically independent component integrated into the assembly. Advantageously, the insert has an axially elongated shape, forming a profiled pin or stud. In the centrally inserted configuration, the insert is inserted along the central axis of the assembly.

[0014] Of particular advantage, the insert is constructed in a coaxial and symmetrical manner, which enables cost-effective mass production.

[0015] The solution according to the invention allows for exceptionally high flexibility in terms of the configuration beam pattern. Gas flow can be distributed very uniformly throughout the combustion chamber, which improves mixture formation and increases efficiency.

[0016] The highly configurable inner profile allows for very flexible use of the sleeve or sleeve body on the injector in different combustion chamber geometries of the internal combustion engine.

[0017] Preferably, the present invention is used in an injection system that directly injects hydrogen into the combustion chamber. In particular, the injector is suitable for directly injecting hydrogen into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an injector for blowing in a gaseous medium, according to the prior art, is shown. Figure 2 Showing the use of according to Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the known cap-shaped body of the injector; Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped assembly for an injector according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 5A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium; and Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cap-shaped housing for an injector according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention is shown, the injector being used to blow in a gaseous medium. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand this invention, the following is based on... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Describe the basic construction of an injector for blowing in a gaseous medium and the known structures of flow-influence geometry arranged downstream of the valve seat in fluid technology.

[0020] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, a known injector 1 for blowing in a gaseous medium is schematically shown in cross-section. Since the present invention addresses the flow-influencing geometry 10 arranged downstream of the valve seat 3 in a fluidic manner, only this assembly of structures will be described in detail here, even with the known injector 1. For manipulating the injector 1, a magnetic actuator 21 is provided, for example, so that the injector 1 can be manipulated in a targeted manner.

[0021] Furthermore, the injector 1 has a nozzle body 2, which has a valve seat 3, for example, tapered on its end side on the inlet side. This valve seat is for an outwardly opening valve closing element 5, i.e., an opening in the direction toward the combustion chamber 20. The valve closing element 5 is axially guided within the nozzle body 2 via a guide 18. In addition, the valve closing element 5 has an end section 6 in the form of a valve disc, which mates with the valve seat 3 to form a sealing seat 7. Here, both sealing seat mating parts, namely the valve seat 3 and the valve closing element 5, are constructed of metal. The geometric and material technology design here ensures sufficient sealing during hydrogen engine operation. In case of failure, for safety reasons, a shut-off system, not shown, fluidly arranged upstream of the injector 1, is responsible for interrupting the supply of the gaseous medium, especially the easily escaping hydrogen. The sealing profile of the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5 is, for example, rounded, while the valve seat 3 on the nozzle body 2 is tapered. However, other profiles are also possible.

[0022] The end sections 6 of the nozzle body 2 and the valve closing element 5 are surrounded by the beam-forming sleeve 8. Hereinafter, with particular reference to the invention, the flow-influencing geometry 10, arranged fluidically downstream of the sealing seat 7, is discussed generally. This flow-influencing geometry can, on the one hand, be directly molded as a single piece on the nozzle body 2, but this requires high production costs, or it can be integrated into additional components, wherein, with reference to… Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the prior art implementation, this component is generally referred to as sleeve 8. Sleeve 8 has a large overlap length with nozzle body 2 so that sleeve 8 can be securely and reliably fastened. However, in principle, a cap-shaped sleeve body 8 can also be discussed, which is also defined as a blow cap 8 according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0023] The end section 6 of the sleeve 8 and the valve closing element 5 together define the gas flow path 4, into which at least one intake passage 15 constructed in the sleeve 8 converges. Air from the environment can be drawn into the gas flow path 4 via one or more intake passages 15.

[0024] If the valve closing element 5 is in the open position, raised from the valve seat 3, the gas flow path 4 extends via the valve seat 3 into the internal space of the sleeve 8, which is characterized by a special shape with an inner contour 9. Starting from the cylindrical section 11 of the sleeve 8, following the valve closing element 5 in the flow direction, a reduction in cross-section occurs in the central cylindrical axial region 13 of the flow influence geometry 10 of the sleeve 8, with a large axial distance from the valve closing element 5. This narrowing is achieved through a tapered extension section 12 in the inner contour 9 of the sleeve 8. The suction channel 15 merges precisely into the inner contour 9 of the sleeve 8 in the central axial region 13.

[0025] The reduced cross-section within the gas flow path 4 is responsible for the following effect: as the gas flows out of the gas flow path 4 toward the outlet 19, ambient air is drawn into the gas flow path 4 via the intake channel 15 (“Venturi effect”). That is to say, the gas is mixed with air before reaching the outlet 19, thereby improving the preparation of the mixed gas.

[0026] This reduction in cross-section is offset again by a tapered extension of section 14 following the central axial region 13, but in this case, tapering in the flow direction, wherein section 14 extends to outlet 19. In this respect, the reduction in cross-section in the inner contour 9 of sleeve 8 is configured to achieve a Venturi effect, which is optimized in conjunction with air mixing. Empirically, with such a solution or with other known geometries or inner contours of the cap-shaped sleeve, sufficiently good results have not been achieved for optimizing combustion in terms of introducing the beam into the combustion chamber 20, or in terms of beam guidance and beam shaping. Furthermore, there is a risk of engine pre-ignition due to insufficient scavenging characteristics, particularly for hydrogen residing within the sleeve.

[0027] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an inner contour 9 of a cap-shaped housing 8 having a flow-influencing geometry 10 arranged fluidically downstream of a sealing seat 7, utilizing this flow-influencing geometry to achieve optimized combustion results based on the inner contour configuration according to the invention and the resulting flow guidance. In this regard, maximum possible flexibility in beam design is desirable.

[0028] A blow-in system for directly introducing a gaseous medium, particularly hydrogen, but also CNG, methane, ammonia, or a mixture thereof, has the following task: to selectively control the metering and direction of one or more gas jets into the combustion chamber 20 via a blow-in valve or, generally, via injector 1. For this purpose, as previously mentioned, a suitable sleeve or blow-in cap 8 can be used on injector 1. Furthermore, in principle, a blow-in system for direct (hydrogen) blowing requires a large stroke of the valve needle with valve closing element 5. Due to limited installation space, magnetic circuit design (magnetic actuator 21) using known standard materials is very difficult or sometimes impossible. Materials with higher magnetic force and therefore better B / H characteristics are very expensive and sometimes harmful to health (e.g., FeCo). In this regard, magnetic force reduction should also be achieved through improved jet guidance.

[0029] The core of this invention lies in configuring the internal flow of the gaseous medium with minimal loss through the inner contour 9 of the cap-shaped sleeve 8 according to the invention, thereby reducing the back pressure downstream of the disc-shaped end section 6 of the valve closing element 5, and simultaneously allowing multiple gas jets to be selectively introduced into the combustion chamber 20 in a desired beam-forming manner. This defined inner contour 9 is particularly designed for improved mixture formation and optimized jet intrusion into the combustion chamber 20. Due to the highly variable profile shaping of the inner contour 9, the sleeve or sleeve 8 can be used very flexibly on the injector 1 in different combustion chamber geometries of the internal combustion engine.

[0030] Overall, the optimized beamforming cap geometry allows for improved intake motion, along with enhanced scavenging of residual gas and hydrogen within the internal volume of the housing 8. Relatedly, robust measures are provided to prevent pre-ignition, even in the event of increased seat leakage from the hydrogen injector during engine operation.

[0031] Below, in reference Figures 3 to 10 In this case, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an injector 1 having a flow-influencing geometry 10 arranged fluidically downstream of the valve seat 3 according to the invention is described in detail. These flow-influencing geometries 10 are integrated into a cap-shaped housing 8 (referred to simply as the blow cap 8). Here, with... Figure 1 Compared to the case shown, the sleeve 8 typically has a significantly smaller overlap length with the nozzle body 2. The only important aspect is the secure and reliable fastening to the nozzle body 2, which ensures perfect and axially parallel orientation relative to the injector 1. Known joining methods can be used, such as extrusion, welding, brazing, bonding, or combinations thereof. Fastening with a retaining ring can also be considered.

[0032] exist Figure 3 The diagram shows a first embodiment of the flow-influencing geometry 10, which, in fluid technology, is arranged downstream of the valve seat 3 within a cap-shaped housing 8 and is generated by the inner contour 9 according to the invention. Here, the valve closing element 5 and its disc-shaped end section 6 are shown only schematically and very simply as a chamfered rectangle in cross-section. However, the end section 6 may also have additional chamfers or roundings on its outer contour, or may be entirely rectangular.

[0033] Accordingly, the blow-in end of the flow-influencing geometry 10 with injector 1 is arranged facing the combustion chamber 20 of the internal combustion engine. The flow-influencing geometry 10 generated by means of the inner contour 9 according to the invention has important geometric specifications that first generate a radially inward deflection of the gas flow in the downstream direction within the housing 8 so that the gas to be blown out, especially hydrogen, can then be discharged in at least two outflow openings 17.

[0034] For according to Figures 3 to 10 The embodiments described and shown generally apply whereby the housing 8 has a hollow cylindrical section in the region of the sealing seat 7, to which an outflow region 16 with at least two outflow openings 17 connects, generally converging on the outer contour of the housing 8, particularly on the end side 25 facing the combustion chamber 20. According to the invention, the outflow region 16 has a recessed section 22 directly downstream of the sealing seat 7. Due to the specific inner contour 9, the medium flowing from the sealing seat 7 into the housing 8 is stably guided, and the flow velocity remains largely constant up to the inflow cross-section of the outflow opening 17. This adjustment, combined with different shapes of the outflow openings 17, enables targeted shaping of the gas jet and optimized gas-mix formation in the combustion chamber 20. Furthermore, the resulting increased flow rate reduces the back pressure in the internal volume of the housing 8, thereby reducing the force that improves purging and thus acts on the underside of the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5.

[0035] The flow-influencing geometry 10 generated by the inner contour 9 has several important aspects and geometric specifications. Downstream of the valve shut-off element 5, the inner contour 9 of the housing 8 is shaped such that a narrowed, particularly tapered or grooved section 22 is attached, which is responsible for the significant narrowing of the inner contour 9 over its short axial extension. This, in a particularly advantageous manner, contributes to the desired, optimized flow results. Here, the jet guidance from the sealing seat 7 takes place via the inner contour 9 in the grooved section 22, which is implemented with an inclination angle of 30° to 80°. With the help of this considerable angle of section 22, a strong, radially inwardly oriented flow component is generated over a very short axial length, so that the flow deflection is advantageously achieved in this region directly downstream of the valve shut-off element 5 in the form of an "S-shaped impact". The inner contour 9 is responsible for ensuring supercritical flow and for limiting the back pressure below the valve shut-off element 5.

[0036] The thin-walled sleeve profile for fastening to the nozzle body 2 in the overlapping region also largely continues in the downstream direction, where wall thickness variations along the axial length of the sleeve body 8 can be fully accounted for. In the subsequent axial outflow region 16, a significantly larger wall thickness is provided to allow for stable placement of the at least two outflow openings 17. In all the illustrated embodiments, two sectional outflow openings 17 are shown. The measures according to the invention are particularly suitable for sleeve bodies 8 having two to ten outflow openings 17.

[0037] According to the invention, at least two outflow openings 17 are separated by an insert 30 located radially between them. The insert 30 between the at least two outflow openings 17 serves as a beam splitter and undertakes beam shaping of the respective gas flow paths 4 within the outflow openings 17. Figures 3 to 10 In the eight embodiments, the insert 30 between the outflow openings 17 is modified in particular to produce the desired beam pattern. The insert 30, which splits the beam within the housing 8 and ultimately performs beam shaping, can be manufactured in a highly individualized manner.

[0038] Insert 30 is a single, technologically independent component introduced into the housing 8. Ideally, insert 30 is implemented as a pin, wherein, in the centrally inserted state, it is inserted into the housing 8 along the central axis of the housing 8. Typically, insert 30 is constructed symmetrically with coaxial extension. Insert 30 is a metal insert, but materials such as plastic or ceramic can also be considered for insert 30. Insert 30 can be manufactured using MIM (Metal Injection Molding) or 3D printing, especially 3D metal printing. Similarly, insert 30 can be manufactured as a turned part. Overall, insert 30 has a shape that elongates in the axial direction, forming a profiled pin or stud.

[0039] The insert 30 is introduced into the housing 8, particularly from the upstream side via a recessed section 22. To securely and reliably fasten the insert 30 within the housing 8, the insert 30 has, for example, a serrated annular flange 34 in cross-section, which prevents the insert 30 from sliding relative to the housing 8 and itself, through its outer contour, facilitates flow shaping in the outlet opening 17. That is, the insert 30 forms a first section upstream of the outlet opening 17 on its radially inner side by means of its outer contour itself. If the housing 8 is manufactured, for example, as a plastic cap, the insert 30, made of metal or ceramic, can also be embedded in the plastic injection molding tool as a punch or like a slider. Alternatively, the insert 30 can also be securely connected to the housing 8 by screwing, pressing, by an additional locking ring, or by welding.

[0040] Of particular interest is that the outflow openings 17, originating from the grooved section 22, first extend radially toward each other, and then, via a turning bend, generate a radially outward-pointing flow toward the combustion chamber 20 through the diverging outflow openings 17 in the flow direction. The outflow openings 17 thus converge accordingly in the radially outer region of the end side 25 of the housing 8. Here, the inner insert 30 protrudes, for example, by a protruding dimension in the upstream direction beyond the entry plane of the outflow opening 17. In this region, the insert 30 functions as a conventional splitter. In cross-section, the insert 30 appears in this section as an anvil, dome, or mushroom head. Here, the upper side of the end section 6 of the insert 30 facing the valve closing element 5 can be either flat and smooth ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 ), or it is slanted, or it is arched ( Figure 5 , Figure 6 ).

[0041] In addition to beam splitting achieved through insert 30, insert 30 also facilitates beam shaping because the profile of the outflow opening 17 can be configured very individually. Additionally, beam shaping can also be achieved through the specific shaping of the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5. Therefore, according to... Figure 4 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5 is shaped such that an annular bulge 31 is formed on the lower side facing the outlet opening 17, which allows gas from the sealing seat 7 to flow into the outlet opening 17 in an optimized manner.

[0042] According to Figures 7 to 9 In this embodiment, the insert 30 is implemented in a shortened manner when viewed in the axial direction. The protruding dimensions described above are absent. Instead, the end section of the now plate-like construction of the insert 30 is axially located either downstream of the inlet plane of the outlet opening 17 ( Figure 7 ), or very precisely in the region of the inlet plane of the outflow opening 17 ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 It terminates in the transition region of the groove-shaped section 22. As shown, the embodiment of the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5 can be combined with the profile shape of the outflow opening 17 in all conceivable variations. Figure 9 The figure shows the end section 6 of the valve closing element 5, which does not have an annular protrusion 31 on its lower side, but instead has a conical flow-forming portion 32 to ensure that gas from the sealing seat 7 flows into the outflow opening 17 in an optimized manner. As shown, additionally, the conical flow-forming portion 32 may also have a concave outer contour.

[0043] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, there is also a special case. In all other illustrated embodiments, the insert 30 extends to the end side 25 of the housing 8, where the insert 30 is selected as a very short insert that terminates in a blind hole in the insert 30, such that the insert is encircled by the housing 8 toward the end side 25 and therefore does not extend to the end side 25 itself.

[0044] exist Figure 10The following embodiment is shown as an eighth example. On the one hand, this eighth example is distinguished by having an anvil-shaped insert 30 with a prominent dimension; on the other hand, it has outflow openings 17 that branch off from each other. Specifically, a branch opening 17a is formed from each outflow opening 17. Here, the branch openings 17a do not necessarily converge on the end side 25 of the housing 8 facing the combustion chamber 20, but rather, for example, on its outer peripheral side 33. In this way, the desired beam separation or deployment can be achieved.

[0045] In all the described embodiments, at least two outflow openings 17 are arranged symmetrically or mirror-symmetrically around the centrally inserted insert 30. Theoretically, the insert 30 may also be introduced eccentrically into the housing 8 to, for example, create a special unilateral beam shape toward the combustion chamber 20.

[0046] In addition to the optimized beam guidance achievable with the sleeve 8 according to the invention, other advantages of the sleeve 8 constructed in this way include increased strength and improved thermal conductivity. High pressure independence exists in this region while avoiding back pressure downstream of the sealing seat 7, enabling optimized purging from the sleeve 8 at any time.

[0047] The solution according to the invention allows for particularly high flexibility in terms of the configuration beam pattern. The gas flow can be distributed very uniformly throughout the combustion chamber 20, which improves mixture formation and increases efficiency.

Claims

1. An injector (1) for blowing a gaseous medium into the combustion chamber (20) of an internal combustion engine, said gaseous medium being, in particular, a gaseous fuel, preferably hydrogen, said injector comprising: A valve closing element (5) capable of axial movement, the valve closing element being used to release and close at least one opening on a sealing seat (7); Actuator (21) for manipulating the valve closing element (5); and A flow-influencing geometry (10) is arranged downstream of the sealing seat (7) in a fluidic manner, wherein the flow-influencing geometry (10) is formed in a housing (8) downstream of the sealing seat (7), wherein the housing (8) has a hollow cylindrical section in the region of the sealing seat (7), and an outflow region (16) having at least one outflow opening (17) is connected to the hollow cylindrical section, the outflow opening having an inner contour (9), the outflow opening merging on the outer contour of the housing (8), particularly on the end side (25) facing the combustion chamber (20). Its features are, The outflow region (16) has a grooved section (22) downstream of the sealing seat (7), and at least two outflow openings (17) are connected to the grooved section downstream, wherein the insert (30) between the at least two outflow openings (17) serves as a beam splitter and undertakes the beam shaping of each gas flow path (4) in the outflow opening (17).

2. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insert (30) is a single component that is independent in terms of manufacturing technology and is integrated into the kit (8).

3. The injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The insert (30) has a shape that elongates in the axial direction, forming a contoured pin or stud.

4. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, In the central insertion state, the insert (30) is inserted along the central axis of the kit (8).

5. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The insert (30) is constructed symmetrically with a coaxial extension.

6. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The insert (30) is an embedded component made of metal, plastic or ceramic.

7. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The inner insert (30) has an anvil, dome, or mushroom head shape in cross-section between the at least two outflow openings (17) facing the valve closing element (5).

8. The injector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The inner insert (30) extends in a plate-like manner between the at least two outflow openings (17) facing the valve closing element (5).

9. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The inner insert (30) protrudes in the upstream direction beyond the inlet plane of the outflow opening (17) by a protruding dimension.

10. The injector according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The inner insert (30) terminates axially either downstream of the entry plane of the outflow opening (17) or at the height of the entry plane of the outflow opening (17) in the transition region of the grooved section (22).

11. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The upper side of the insert (30) facing the valve closing element (5) is either flat and level, or inclined, or arched.

12. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The insert (30) has a surrounding annular flange (34), particularly a serrated annular flange (34) in cross-section, which is responsible for the safe and reliable fastening of the insert (30) in the housing (8).

13. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The at least two outflow openings (17) are divergently oriented within the housing (8).

14. The injector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The insert (30) can be set as an insert in a plastic injection tool, or the insert (30) can be securely connected to the kit (8) by screwing, pressing, by an additional locking ring or by welding.

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