Circuit breaker operation analysis method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a circuit breaker working analysis method and device, computer equipment, a readable storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of preset reference envelope curves, a circuit breaker working curve of a circuit breaker and circuit breaker configuration information; determining a target reference envelope curve matched with the circuit breaker configuration information from the reference envelope curves; the target reference envelope curve comprises a plurality of reference points; taking the circuit breaker working curve as a reference, performing numerical adjustment on the target reference envelope curve, so that the reference points in the obtained new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker working curve; and determining a working analysis result of the circuit breaker based on the comparison relationship between the numerical points and the reference points. The method can improve the accuracy of the working analysis result of the circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a circuit breaker operation analysis method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent and automated technologies in power systems, circuit breakers, as core equipment for ensuring the safe operation of the power grid, are facing increasingly higher requirements for the accuracy of performance analysis and condition assessment. Traditional circuit breaker characteristic analysis mainly relies on the direct comparison between a preset benchmark envelope curve and the actual operating curve. Its characteristic lies in judging whether the circuit breaker is within the normal operating range by using a fixed threshold.

[0003] However, traditional methods typically use a single universal reference envelope curve for comparison, without fully considering the significant impact of differences in circuit breaker models, rated parameters, and configurations on the characteristic curves. This leads to discrepancies between the analysis results and actual operating conditions, resulting in inaccurate circuit breaker operation analysis results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a circuit breaker operation analysis method, apparatus, computer equipment, readable storage medium, and program product that can improve the accuracy of circuit breaker operation analysis results in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for analyzing the operation of a circuit breaker, including:

[0006] Obtain multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker's operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information;

[0007] From the various reference envelope curves, a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information is determined; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points.

[0008] Using the circuit breaker operating curve as a reference, the target reference envelope curve is numerically adjusted so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve.

[0009] Based on the comparison between each numerical point and each benchmark point, the operational analysis results of the circuit breaker are determined.

[0010] In one embodiment, each reference envelope curve corresponds to a test condition; acquiring multiple preset reference envelope curves includes:

[0011] For each test condition, obtain multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under the test condition;

[0012] An initial baseline envelope curve is obtained by integrating working data from multiple historical working curves.

[0013] The normal vectors of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve are updated to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve; the candidate reference envelope curve encloses multiple candidate reference points.

[0014] Determine the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point;

[0015] The candidate reference envelope curves are updated according to each envelope bandwidth to obtain the reference envelope curve.

[0016] In one embodiment, an initial baseline envelope curve is obtained by integrating operating data from multiple historical operating curves, including:

[0017] For each historical working curve, determine the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in the historical working curve;

[0018] The instantaneous accelerations at each moment are traversed in chronological order, and the start and end times are determined from each moment based on the instantaneous accelerations; wherein, the start time is the minimum moment and the end time is the maximum moment to form a reference interval;

[0019] The baseline intervals of each historical working curve are aligned to obtain the aligned intervals.

[0020] For each alignment time in the alignment interval, the target travel value for the alignment time is determined based on the travel values ​​corresponding to the alignment time.

[0021] The initial reference envelope curve is determined based on each alignment time and the target travel value at each alignment time.

[0022] In one embodiment, each alignment time and the target travel value at the alignment time constitute a reference point, and the initial reference envelope curve includes head and tail reference points and multiple intermediate reference points; the normal vectors of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve are updated to obtain candidate reference envelope curves, including:

[0023] For each intermediate reference point, determine the initial intermediate normal vector of the reference point;

[0024] If the angle between the initial intermediate normal vector and the previous normal vector of the previous reference point does not meet the angle condition, the initial intermediate normal vector is adjusted based on the angle condition to obtain the intermediate normal vector.

[0025] For the head and tail reference points, the head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points are determined based on the initial head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points and the preset axial offset vectors.

[0026] Based on the intermediate normal vectors and the head and tail normal vectors, the initial reference envelope curve is updated to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve.

[0027] In one embodiment, the candidate reference envelope curve includes multiple curve stages; each curve stage corresponds to a different center weight; there is a transition region between adjacent curve stages; determining the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point includes:

[0028] When a candidate reference point exists in the transition zone, the candidate weight of the candidate reference point is determined based on the center weight of each of the two adjacent curve stages corresponding to the transition zone and the transition boundary time of the transition zone.

[0029] Based on the candidate normal vectors and candidate weights of the candidate reference points, the envelope bandwidth corresponding to the candidate reference points is determined.

[0030] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0031] For each curve stage, the distance standard deviation corresponding to the curve stage is determined based on the normal distance between each candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve in the curve stage.

[0032] The center weight of the curve stage is determined based on the distance standard deviation.

[0033] Secondly, this application also provides a circuit breaker operation analysis device, comprising:

[0034] The information acquisition module is used to acquire multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker's operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information;

[0035] The reference envelope curve determination module is used to determine the target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information from various reference envelope curves; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points;

[0036] The numerical adjustment module is used to adjust the target reference envelope curve based on the circuit breaker operating curve, so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve.

[0037] The working analysis result determination module is used to determine the working analysis results of the circuit breaker based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each benchmark point.

[0038] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0039] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0040] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0041] The aforementioned circuit breaker operation analysis methods, devices, equipment, media, and program products, by acquiring multiple preset reference envelope curves and circuit breaker configuration information, can dynamically match target reference envelope curves for circuit breakers of different models and parameters, solving the analysis deviation problem caused by the fixed reference in traditional methods. By using the circuit breaker operation curve as a reference to numerically adjust the target curve, aligning the reference points with the actual numerical points, dynamic parameter calibration is achieved, eliminating comparison distortion caused by operating condition fluctuations or measurement errors. Based on the precise comparison relationship between numerical points and reference points, the deviation degree of each key parameter of the circuit breaker can be quantitatively evaluated, generating refined operation analysis results. This provides data support for circuit breaker fault early warning, life prediction, and optimized configuration, ultimately significantly improving the accuracy of circuit breaker operation analysis results. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the application environment of a circuit breaker operation analysis method in one embodiment.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a circuit breaker operation analysis method in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the area integral between the portion of the curve's numerical points that exceed the boundary and the envelope boundary in one embodiment.

[0046] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of the normal offset of the circuit breaker operation in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bandwidth distribution of the reference envelope curve in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the overall architecture of a circuit breaker operation analysis method in one embodiment.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the circuit breaker operation analysis method in another embodiment;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a circuit breaker operation analysis device in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 9 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0053] The circuit breaker operation analysis method provided in this application can be applied to, for example, Figure 1In the application environment shown, terminal 102 communicates with server 104 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated onto server 104 or located on the cloud or other network servers. Terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart in-vehicle devices, projection devices, etc. Portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. Head-mounted devices can be virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, smart glasses, etc. Server 104 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services. Specifically, the method in this embodiment can be implemented through terminal 102 or server 104. During the circuit breaker operation analysis via terminal 102, terminal 102 obtains multiple preset reference envelope curves, the circuit breaker operation curve, and circuit breaker configuration information from server 104; from each reference envelope curve, it determines a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points; using the circuit breaker operation curve as a reference, it performs numerical adjustments on the target reference envelope curve so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operation curve; based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each reference point, it determines the circuit breaker operation analysis result. During the circuit breaker operation analysis via server 104, server 104 obtains multiple preset reference envelope curves, the circuit breaker operation curve, and circuit breaker configuration information from terminal 102; from each reference envelope curve, it determines a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points; using the circuit breaker operation curve as a reference, it performs numerical adjustments on the target reference envelope curve so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operation curve; based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each reference point, it determines the circuit breaker operation analysis result.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a circuit breaker operation analysis method is provided, which is applied to... Figure 1 Taking terminal 102 or server 104 as an example, the explanation includes the following steps S202 to S208. Wherein:

[0055] Step S202: Obtain multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information.

[0056] The preset reference envelope curve is a pre-defined curve used as a reference standard. It represents the trend of parameter changes related to circuit breaker operation under a certain state. Different reference envelope curves correspond to different circuit breaker types, operating conditions, or performance requirements. The circuit breaker operating curve reflects the changes of key parameters (such as travel, current, and voltage) with time or other relevant factors during actual operation, demonstrating the actual operating state and performance of the circuit breaker. Circuit breaker configuration information is a collection of information about various setting parameters, model specifications, installation environment, etc., of the circuit breaker. This information determines the specific operating characteristics and requirements of the circuit breaker. For example, circuit breaker configuration information can be a structured parameter file (e.g., JSON or INI format) used to define various hyperparameters in the modeling process. Specifically, it may include: operation type (opening / closing), desired physical offset bandwidth, etc. (Unit: mm), center weight coefficient of each functional section and its smooth transition zone width Data acquisition frequency, threshold for motion zone identification, and threshold for constraint on the rate of change of normal vector. wait.

[0057] Specifically, during circuit breaker operation analysis, the terminal or server first needs to retrieve multiple pre-defined baseline envelope curves from the baseline envelope model library. These baseline envelope curves are based on different operating types and conditions, covering parameter changes of different types of circuit breakers under different operating conditions. Simultaneously, the operating curve of the circuit breaker currently being analyzed must be obtained. This curve can be obtained by actually monitoring parameter changes during the circuit breaker's operation, for example, by using specialized monitoring equipment to record data such as the circuit breaker's travel, current, and voltage at different time points and plotting them as curves. Furthermore, the circuit breaker's configuration information also needs to be obtained. For example, the circuit breaker configuration information includes the operation type (opening / closing) and the desired physical offset bandwidth. (Unit: mm), center weight coefficient of each functional section and its smooth transition zone width Data acquisition frequency, threshold for motion zone identification, and threshold for constraint on the rate of change of normal vector. This information can be obtained from the circuit breaker's product manual, circuit design drawings, or on-site configuration records.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the reference envelope curve can be obtained through a preset neural network model, or it can be obtained in the following way: for each test condition, multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under the test condition are obtained, and the operating data of the multiple historical operating curves are integrated to obtain an initial reference envelope curve. The normal vector of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve is updated to obtain a candidate reference envelope curve. The candidate reference envelope curve encloses multiple candidate reference points, and the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point is determined. The candidate reference envelope curve is updated according to each envelope bandwidth to obtain the reference envelope curve.

[0059] Step S204: Determine the target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information from each reference envelope curve.

[0060] The target reference envelope curve is selected from multiple preset reference envelope curves based on the circuit breaker configuration information, and is the one that best matches the current circuit breaker condition. It serves as a reference standard for subsequent analysis and adjustment. The target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points, which are specific points on the target reference envelope curve. These points represent parameter values ​​with specific significance on the curve and are used for comparative analysis with numerical points on the circuit breaker's operating curve.

[0061] Specifically, after obtaining multiple preset reference envelope curves and circuit breaker configuration information, the process begins to search for a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information. The specific procedure involves searching and matching the closest target reference envelope curve in the curve model library based on the real-time operating parameters contained in the circuit breaker's operating curve. If no perfectly matching operating condition is found, a universal reference envelope curve such as "normal temperature" is selected by default, with an uncertainty warning added. Once the target reference envelope curve is determined, its multiple reference points are also identified; these reference points will serve as reference standards for subsequent comparisons with the circuit breaker's operating curve.

[0062] Understandably, before matching, the terminal or server needs to perform a feature extraction process on the circuit breaker's operating curve to identify the start and end points of motion. During this process, a "feature extraction integrity verification" logic is added. If a valid end-point feature cannot be detected within a preset time window (e.g., acceleration consistently fails to return to near zero), the operation is deemed a serious fault (e.g., "mechanism movement obstructed" or "operation incomplete"). In this case, the subsequent comparison process will be directly interrupted, and a standardized output packet with a special fault marker (e.g., FAULT_TYPE: PRE_CHECK_FAILED) will be generated. This data packet will contain complete raw data and fault description information to ensure the compatibility and robustness of downstream system interfaces.

[0063] Step S206: Using the circuit breaker operating curve as a reference, the target reference envelope curve is numerically adjusted so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve.

[0064] Among them, the numerical point is a specific point on the circuit breaker's operating curve, reflecting the specific parameter values ​​of the circuit breaker at the corresponding time or under the corresponding conditions during actual operation.

[0065] Specifically, following the previous step, after extracting the effective motion range and verifying the integrity of the circuit breaker operating curve, a spatial alignment step is required to ensure the accuracy of subsequent comparisons. Since the number of numerical points N_test of the real-time acquired circuit breaker operating curve may differ from the number of reference points N_model of the target reference envelope curve, both must be transformed to a unified discrete coordinate reference. During the numerical adjustment process, using the circuit breaker operating curve as the reference, numerical interpolation methods (such as linear interpolation or higher-order spline interpolation) are employed to resample the upper and lower boundary curves of the reference envelope curve loaded from the curve model library, generating new upper and lower envelope curves with the same length as the curve under test (both N_test). After this step, the obtained curve under test and the resampled envelope have a one-to-one correspondence at each sampling point, providing a data foundation for subsequent accurate, point-to-point composite diagnostic calculations.

[0066] Step S208: Based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each benchmark point, determine the working analysis results of the circuit breaker.

[0067] The operational analysis results are derived by analyzing the comparison between the numerical points on the circuit breaker's operational curve and the adjusted target reference envelope curve and the reference point, and by drawing conclusions about whether the circuit breaker's operational status is normal and whether its performance meets the requirements.

[0068] Specifically, each numerical point on the pre-processed and aligned circuit breaker operating curve is compared with the upper and lower boundary values ​​of the target reference envelope curve at the corresponding position to determine whether it is "out of bounds," and all out-of-bounds points and their deviation distances are recorded. To replace the information loss problem caused by the traditional single "out-of-bounds" judgment, this embodiment adopts a set of multi-dimensional composite diagnostic criteria to quantitatively assess the fault. The system calculates the following three core indicators in parallel:

[0069] Criterion 1: Out-of-bounds ratio This criterion measures the percentage of numerical points falling outside the envelope of the sensor's data. It assesses the breadth or persistence of the bias and is primarily used to identify increased sensor noise or prevalent minor mechanical vibrations. .

[0070] Criterion 2: Area Integral : Calculate the area integral enclosed by all out-of-bounds portions and the envelope boundary (e.g. Figure 3 (As shown). This criterion characterizes the accumulation or severity of abnormal energy, and is particularly effective in capturing persistent, slow shifts caused by mechanical wear, jamming, etc. Its integral characteristics allow it to effectively filter out instantaneous, random noise glitches. To ensure the clarity of the calculation, the area integral... Defined as the cumulative integral of the excess distances of all out-of-limit numerical points on the circuit breaker operating curve in the normal direction of their corresponding reference curve points. Specifically, if any point on the circuit breaker operating curve... Points along the target reference envelope curve normal vector Direction, and its distance from the target reference envelope curve. The dynamic envelope halfwidth exceeds that point. Then its over-limit deviation is Area integral The result is obtained by summing up the out-of-limit deviations at all out-of-limit points: This definition transforms the complex two-dimensional area problem into a one-dimensional integral along the time axis, which is physically equivalent to the accumulation of "overlimit-time", ensuring the robustness and consistency of the computation.

[0071] Criterion 3: Peak deviation Calculate the maximum normal or perpendicular distance from the envelope boundary among all out-of-bounds points. The physical significance of this criterion lies in capturing instantaneous, severe mechanical shocks or electrical interference (such as sensor breakdown). It is a key supplement to "area integral" and "out-of-bounds ratio" in the time dimension, and is specifically designed to prevent the underreporting of "extremely short but extremely strong" devastating faults.

[0072] Furthermore, to address the information loss issues associated with traditional single threshold or fuzzy weighted scoring, this embodiment employs a physically meaningful and clearly interpretable hierarchical judgment strategy. Based on the working analysis results of three core criteria, the judgments are verified level by level in descending order of severity:

[0073] Level 1 Detection (Critical Fault): First check the peak deviation. If (D_{max}>Threshold_{D_max})THEN, it is considered a "critical fault," corresponding to emergency situations requiring immediate intervention, such as sensor breakdown or severe mechanical impact. Threshold_{D_max} is an extremely high threshold set based on the equipment's safety margin.

[0074] Secondary criterion (significant anomaly): If the primary criterion passes, continue checking the area integral. If (S_{error}>Threshold_S)THEN is considered "significantly abnormal", this level corresponds to faults requiring planned maintenance, such as persistent mechanical wear, jamming, or deterioration of buffer performance.

[0075] Level 3 Judgment (Minor Warning): If the first two judgments pass, the final check is the out-of-bounds ratio. If (R>Threshold_R)THEN, it is judged as a "minor warning". This level corresponds to increased sensor noise or atypical minor vibration of the equipment, prompting maintenance personnel to pay attention.

[0076] Finally, if no alarm is triggered at any level, the system is ultimately classified as "normal." If normal, standardized CSV analysis data is output. If abnormal (at any level), the corresponding alarm mechanism will be triggered, and a detailed report containing the data to be tested, envelope data, all calculated criterion values, and a clear fault level will be generated for technicians to trace the fault and conduct in-depth analysis.

[0077] The aforementioned circuit breaker operation analysis method, by acquiring multiple preset reference envelope curves and circuit breaker configuration information, can dynamically match target reference envelope curves for circuit breakers of different models and parameters, solving the analysis deviation problem caused by the fixed reference in traditional methods. By using the circuit breaker operation curve as a reference to numerically adjust the target curve, the reference points are aligned with the actual numerical points, achieving dynamic parameter calibration and eliminating comparison distortion caused by operating condition fluctuations or measurement errors. Based on the precise comparison relationship between numerical points and reference points, the deviation degree of each key parameter of the circuit breaker can be quantitatively evaluated, generating refined operation analysis results. This provides data support for circuit breaker fault early warning, life prediction, and optimized configuration, ultimately significantly improving the accuracy of circuit breaker operation analysis results.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, each reference envelope curve corresponds to a test condition; obtaining multiple preset reference envelope curves includes: for each test condition, obtaining multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under the test condition; integrating the operating data of the multiple historical operating curves to obtain an initial reference envelope curve; updating the normal vector of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve to obtain a candidate reference envelope curve; the candidate reference envelope curve encloses multiple candidate reference points; determining the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point; and updating the candidate reference envelope curve according to each envelope bandwidth to obtain a reference envelope curve.

[0079] The test conditions refer to the various environmental and parameter conditions set during circuit breaker testing, such as different operating types and conditions. Different test conditions affect the circuit breaker's performance. Historical operating curves are curves recording the changes in parameters over time during circuit breaker operation under different test conditions, reflecting the actual operation of the circuit breaker under specific conditions. The initial reference envelope curve is a preliminary reference curve obtained by integrating data from multiple historical operating curves, used for further optimization and determining the final reference envelope curve. The normal vector is the vector perpendicular to the tangent at a point in the curve, used to describe the curve's directional characteristics at that point; the curve shape can be adjusted during normal vector updates. The candidate reference envelope curve is the curve obtained by updating the normal vector of the initial reference envelope curve, containing multiple candidate reference points, and represents an intermediate form transitioning to the final reference envelope curve. Candidate reference points are specific points on the candidate reference envelope curves, used for subsequent operations such as determining the envelope bandwidth, and are fundamental elements in constructing the final reference envelope curve. Envelope bandwidth is used to measure the size of the coverage area of ​​candidate reference points when constructing the reference envelope curve, and it affects the extent to which the reference envelope curve covers the data.

[0080] Specifically, since each reference envelope curve corresponds to a specific test condition, to obtain multiple preset reference envelope curves, it is first necessary to collect multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under each test condition. These historical operating curves record the changes in the operating parameters of the circuit breaker at different times. Next, the operating data of these multiple historical operating curves are integrated and processed. By analyzing this data, patterns and common characteristics are identified, thereby obtaining the initial reference envelope curve. Afterward, the terminal or server needs to update the normal vectors of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve. Updating the normal vectors can change the directional characteristics of the curve at each point, thus obtaining candidate reference envelope curves, which contain multiple candidate reference points. Then, the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point needs to be determined. The envelope bandwidth determines the range within which the point is contained when constructing the final reference envelope curve. Finally, the candidate reference envelope curves are updated again according to each envelope bandwidth, thus obtaining the reference envelope curve that meets the requirements.

[0081] In this embodiment, by obtaining the baseline envelope curve under different test conditions, the performance characteristics of the circuit breaker under various actual working scenarios can be reflected more comprehensively and accurately, providing richer and more reliable reference for subsequent analysis of the circuit breaker's working status, and improving the accuracy and practicality of the analysis results.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, an initial reference envelope curve is obtained by integrating working data from multiple historical working curves, including: for each historical working curve, determining the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in the historical working curve; traversing the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in chronological order, and determining the start moment and end moment from each moment based on each instantaneous acceleration; wherein the start moment is the minimum moment and the end moment is the maximum moment to form a reference interval; performing interval alignment processing on the reference intervals of each historical working curve to obtain an aligned interval; for each aligned moment in the aligned interval, determining the target travel value of the aligned moment based on each travel value corresponding to the aligned moment; and determining the initial reference envelope curve based on each aligned moment and the target travel value of each aligned moment.

[0083] The instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration of the circuit breaker's operating parameters at a specific moment in the historical operating curve, reflecting the rate of change in the circuit breaker's operating state at that moment. The reference interval is a time interval defined by the start and end moments of the historical operating curves, used to align data from different historical operating curves. The alignment interval is a unified time interval obtained by aligning the reference intervals of each historical operating curve, facilitating subsequent comprehensive analysis of the curve data. The target travel value is a representative value determined by combining the travel values ​​corresponding to each historical operating curve at each alignment moment within the alignment interval, used to construct the initial reference envelope curve.

[0084] Specifically, the terminal or server can batch load multiple sets of historical working curves under the same test conditions, and process each historical working curve... Perform the following preprocessing steps to ensure the reliability of the spatiotemporal alignment reference:

[0085] For each historical working curve, the second-order difference operator is used. The instantaneous acceleration sequence of the entire stroke curve is calculated. Compared to velocity or displacement signals, this indicator can more sensitively capture the dynamic abrupt change in the circuit breaker mechanism from rest to the initial motion stage. Subsequently, to avoid single-point pulse interference in the high-voltage electromagnetic environment, the traditional single-point triggering logic is not adopted. Instead, a continuous feature verification mechanism is introduced, that is, the acceleration sequence is monitored in real time to identify the first breach of the start-up threshold. At the time point, starting from the trigger point, a sliding window is used to detect subsequent continuous events. sampling points ( (This is the preset continuity check window length). If this The acceleration values ​​at each point remained stable at The above is considered a substantial start-up caused by the mechanism overcoming static friction, and the first trigger point is defined as the starting moment. This logic physically filters out durations that are typically in microseconds by using the dimension of "duration of time". The system employs a narrow pulse of electromagnetic interference at the (level 1) to ensure robustness in determining the starting point. After detecting an acceleration peak during motion, the system searches for characteristics indicating that the mechanism has completed its opening and closing and entered a stationary state, monitoring when the acceleration sequence returns to the preset zero-noise range. Specifically, it requires continuous acceleration. sampling points ( The point in time when the system remains stable within the zero-position range (within the preset stability verification window length) and no longer experiences significant mechanical rebound or aftershocks is considered the termination point. Identified After the baseline interval, invalid static segments (i.e., invalid noise segments before and after the action) outside this interval are automatically removed. The valid motion sequences are then uniformly shifted and aligned on the time axis to provide clean data input for subsequent baseline calculations. Finally, the statistical central tendency of these aligned sample curves is calculated to construct a single, highly representative "initial baseline envelope curve." A preferred implementation is to perform alignment of all historical working curves at each aligned time point. travel value on This is accomplished by averaging. This baseline envelope curve represents the expected operating trajectory of the equipment under optimal health conditions.

[0086] In this embodiment, by performing detailed data processing and analysis on historical operating curves, determining and aligning the reference intervals, and then combining the data from each curve to determine the target travel value, the initial reference envelope curve can be constructed more scientifically and reasonably. This allows the curve to more accurately reflect the average operating state of the circuit breaker under specific conditions, laying a good foundation for further optimization of the reference envelope curve.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, each alignment time and the target travel value at the alignment time constitute a reference point. The initial reference envelope curve includes head and tail reference points and multiple intermediate reference points. The normal vectors of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve are updated to obtain candidate reference envelope curves, including: for each intermediate reference point, determining the initial intermediate normal vector of the reference point; if the angle between the initial intermediate normal vector and the previous normal vector of the previous reference point does not meet the angle condition, adjusting the initial intermediate normal vector based on the angle condition to obtain an intermediate normal vector; for the head and tail reference points, determining the head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points based on the initial head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points and a preset axial offset vector; and updating the initial reference envelope curve based on each intermediate normal vector and the head and tail normal vectors to obtain candidate reference envelope curves.

[0088] In this context, intermediate reference points are the points in the initial reference envelope curve excluding the head and tail reference points. Updating their normal vectors plays a crucial role in adjusting the curve shape. The initial intermediate normal vector is the first normal vector determined for the intermediate reference point and needs subsequent adjustment based on certain conditions. The previous normal vector is the normal vector corresponding to the reference point preceding the intermediate reference point, used to determine whether the initial intermediate normal vector needs adjustment. The initial head and tail normal vectors are the first normal vectors determined for the head and tail reference points, and are combined with a preset axial offset vector to determine the final head and tail normal vectors. The axial offset vector is a preset vector used to adjust the initial head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points, making the head and tail normal vectors more consistent with actual requirements.

[0089] Specifically, to address the envelope "self-intersection" problem caused by discrete data noise in existing technologies (see comparison of effects), Figure 4 This embodiment introduces a geometrically constrained method for calculating normal offset. For the initial reference envelope curve, the terminal or server calculates its tangent using the central difference method in its main body, and constructs the unit normal vector accordingly. To prevent topological errors such as "self-intersection" of the envelope due to abrupt changes in the normal vector at points of severe oscillation, a normal vector limiting mechanism is introduced. Specifically, after calculating the first... The initial intermediate normal vector of each intermediate reference point Then, it will calculate the previous normal vector of the previous reference point. The angle between .like Exceeding the preset maximum allowable turning angle threshold It is believed that the included angle condition is not met, and will be applied to Make corrections: Adjust it to use Based on the original Direction rotation The new vector is obtained from the angle. This process ensures that the rate of change of the normal vector field is constrained, thus guaranteeing the local smoothness and topological correctness of the generated envelope. To further improve the model's adaptability, a maximum allowable angle threshold is set. It is not fixed, but a function that can be dynamically adjusted according to the stage of motion. For example, in the main stroke section where the curvature of the curve changes gently, a more stringent (smaller) [mechanical] approach is adopted. To suppress noise; however, in physical stages where the curvature itself undergoes drastic changes, such as at the end of the opening and closing circuits, the curvature should be appropriately relaxed (increased). This allows the envelope to accurately follow the normal physical characteristics of the reference envelope curve, avoiding misjudgments caused by rigid geometric constraints.

[0090] Meanwhile, to address the numerical instability caused by missing data neighborhoods at the beginning and end of the curve, and to avoid geometrical abrupt changes at the connection points between different offset methods, a more advanced smooth transition mechanism was adopted to replace the old hard switching. Specifically, a transition zone was defined at both the beginning and end of the curve. Within this zone, the beginning and end reference points are ultimately used to determine the beginning and end normal vectors. It is the axial offset vector (To ensure robustness, it is usually a perpendicular vector) and the initial head and tail normal vectors calculated from the curve geometry. Dynamic weighted average:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, the weighting coefficient Controlled by a smoothing function (such as cosine interpolation), the edge processing smoothly transitions from 0 (using axial offset) to 1 (using local normal vector) within the transition region. This advanced edge processing method ensures that the envelope's direction is continuous and smooth as it enters and leaves the main body region, fundamentally eliminating visual and geometric sharp points or angles caused by algorithm switching.

[0093] For example, before calculating the normal vector, to eliminate the interference of potential discrete point noise fluctuations on local geometric features, the initial reference envelope curve can be adjusted. Apply a window with a width of A smoother curve is obtained by pre-smoothing with a moving average or Gaussian filter.

[0094] In this embodiment, by updating the normal vectors of each reference point of the initial reference envelope curve, the shape of the curve can be optimized, making the curve better adapt to the changing characteristics of the actual working state of the circuit breaker, improving the fitting degree of the reference envelope curve to the circuit breaker working data, and providing more favorable conditions for the subsequent accurate determination of the envelope bandwidth.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the candidate reference envelope curve includes multiple curve stages; each curve stage corresponds to a different center weight; there is a transition zone between two adjacent curve stages; determining the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point includes: when a candidate reference point is located in the transition zone, determining the candidate weight of the candidate reference point based on the center weight of the two adjacent curve stages corresponding to the transition zone and the transition boundary time of the transition zone; and determining the envelope bandwidth corresponding to the candidate reference point based on the candidate normal vector and the candidate weight of the candidate reference point.

[0096] The transition zone is the area between two adjacent curve stages, containing a transition boundary time. The envelope bandwidth of candidate reference points within this zone is determined using a unique method. The transition boundary time represents the start and end points of the transition zone and is used to determine the candidate weights of the candidate reference points within it. The candidate weights are determined by the center weights of the two adjacent curve stages and the transition boundary time, and they influence the envelope bandwidth. The candidate normal vector is the normal vector of the candidate reference point, and it, along with the candidate weights, is used to determine the envelope bandwidth.

[0097] Specifically, this embodiment further introduces a dynamic bandwidth modulation mechanism (bandwidth distribution diagram as shown in Figure 1). Figure 5 (As shown). To address the potential "step-like" abrupt changes in envelope width at stage boundaries that may result from piecewise constant weighting functions, this embodiment employs a higher-order continuous smooth weighting function. Define the center weights for each stage in the configuration file. and the transition zone boundary. Assume the center weights of two adjacent curve stages are respectively... and The transition zone in between is At that point in time When in this transition zone, a cosine smoothing interpolation function can be used to calculate the weight of the current point. :

[0098]

[0099] This function ensures At the transition boundary time and Not only are the values ​​at this point continuous, but its first derivative is also zero and continuous, thus generating a visually and geometrically smooth envelope boundary. Finally, the upper and lower envelope points of this point... and It is calculated using the following formula, where The first on the reference envelope curve Data points, The base physical bandwidth defined in the configuration file: This method generates a smooth and continuous curve in both visual and geometric logic, fundamentally eliminating the problem of false alarms at critical points caused by boundary steps.

[0100] Furthermore, to solve the weighting coefficient Regarding the issue of setting the transition zone width, this embodiment further proposes a parameter calibration method based on physical characteristics, which correlates the parameters with the actual movement process of the circuit breaker:

[0101] First, in the constructed baseline envelope curve Based on its first derivative (velocity) and second derivative (acceleration) characteristics, the system automatically identifies and marks key physical nodes, such as "motion start point," "contact separation / contact point," "main stroke end point," "buffer phase start point," and "motion termination point." These physical nodes precisely divide the stroke curve into multiple stages with clear physical meaning (such as the starting acceleration stage, uniform motion stage, contact action stage, and buffer deceleration stage).

[0102] Understandably, a time width is automatically defined on both sides of the boundary point between two adjacent physical phases. The transition area. This width It can be set to a fixed percentage (e.g., 10%) of the smaller of the durations of two adjacent stages to ensure that the duration of the transition zone can adaptively scale during motion at different rates, thus guaranteeing the rationality of the smooth transition of weights. Through the above calibration method, the key parameters of dynamic bandwidth modulation are no longer simply set manually, but are automatically generated after in-depth physical analysis of a large amount of sample data, which greatly enhances the objectivity, adaptability, and technical depth of the method.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the circuit breaker operation analysis method further includes: for each curve stage, determining the distance standard deviation corresponding to the curve stage based on the normal distance between each candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve in the curve stage; and determining the center weight of the curve stage based on the distance standard deviation.

[0104] The normal distance is the perpendicular distance between the candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve, used to determine the standard deviation of the distance for each curve stage. The standard deviation of the distance reflects the dispersion of the normal distance between the candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve during the curve stage, and is used to determine the center weight.

[0105] Specifically, for each defined curve stage, the terminal or server statistically quantifies the degree of variation of the candidate reference envelope curve within that stage. A preferred implementation is to calculate the standard deviation of the distances between the normal distances of all candidate reference points in that curve stage and the candidate reference envelope curve for each stage. (in (This is for the stage index). The standard deviation of this distance directly reflects the inherent dispersion of the equipment during normal operation at that stage. Finally, the center weights of each curve stage are... Set to the standard deviation of this distance Proportional to or based on its calculated quantified value. For example, it can be set as follows: ( (As an adjustable gain coefficient), it ensures that stages with large inherent fluctuations (such as buffer sections) have a wider envelope margin, while stages with high consistency requirements (such as contact action sections) have a narrower margin, thus realizing adaptive and data-driven weight setting.

[0106] In one specific embodiment, a circuit breaker operation analysis method is provided, the overall architecture and workflow of which are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. This method is logically divided into two core stages: Stage 1: offline modeling of the baseline envelope and Stage 2: online diagnosis of the curve under test.

[0107] Phase 1: Offline modeling of the baseline envelope.

[0108] This stage is an offline execution process. Its core task is to use multiple sets of historical operating curves collected under specific operation types (opening / closing) and "normal" operating conditions to construct and generate a high-confidence benchmark diagnostic envelope that can comprehensively reflect the health operation characteristics of the equipment through a series of algorithm processing, and store it in the "benchmark envelope model library" for online diagnosis.

[0109] Input A consists of multiple sets of historical operating curves under specific working conditions, forming the basis for a single modeling iteration. To construct an accurate single-condition baseline envelope, each input should consist of multiple sets of stroke-time curves collected under the same operation type (opening or closing) and the same target working condition (e.g., "high temperature," "normal temperature," or "low temperature"). These data are typically stored in CSV or Excel files. When building a "baseline envelope model library" covering multiple working conditions, multiple batches of such datasets need to be prepared, and a complete modeling process needs to be executed for each batch of data.

[0110] Input B is the configuration file, a structured parameter file (e.g., JSON or INI format) used to define various hyperparameters during the modeling process. Specifically, this includes: operation type (opening / closing), and desired physical offset bandwidth. (Unit: mm), center weight coefficient of each functional section and its smooth transition zone width Data acquisition frequency, threshold for motion zone identification, and threshold for constraint on the rate of change of normal vector. wait.

[0111] In this process, the motion interval dynamic recognition and preprocessing engine based on acceleration continuity characteristics first reads the configuration file to obtain the hyperparameters required by the algorithm. Then, it batch loads multiple sets of sample data under normal operating conditions and processes each original stroke curve... The following rigorous preprocessing procedures are performed to ensure the reliability of the spatiotemporal alignment benchmark:

[0112] For each historical working curve, the second-order difference operator is used. The instantaneous acceleration sequence of the entire stroke curve is calculated. Compared to velocity or displacement signals, this indicator can more sensitively capture the dynamic abrupt change in the circuit breaker mechanism from rest to the initial motion stage. Subsequently, to avoid single-point pulse interference in the high-voltage electromagnetic environment, the traditional single-point triggering logic is not adopted. Instead, a continuous feature verification mechanism is introduced, that is, the acceleration sequence is monitored in real time to identify the first breach of the start-up threshold. At the time point, starting from the trigger point, a sliding window is used to detect subsequent continuous events. sampling points ( (This is the preset continuity check window length). If this The acceleration values ​​at each point remained stable at The above is considered a substantial start-up caused by the mechanism overcoming static friction, and the first trigger point is defined as the starting moment. This logic physically filters out durations that are typically in microseconds by using the dimension of "duration of time". The system employs a narrow pulse of electromagnetic interference at the (level 1) to ensure robustness in determining the starting point. After detecting an acceleration peak during motion, the system searches for characteristics indicating that the mechanism has completed its opening and closing and entered a stationary state, monitoring when the acceleration sequence returns to the preset zero-noise range. Specifically, it requires continuous acceleration. sampling points ( The point in time when the system remains stable within the zero-position range (within the preset stability verification window length) and no longer experiences significant mechanical rebound or aftershocks is considered the termination point. Identified After the baseline interval, invalid static segments (i.e., invalid noise segments before and after the action) outside this interval are automatically removed. The valid motion sequences are then uniformly shifted and aligned on the time axis to provide clean data input for subsequent baseline calculations. Finally, the statistical central tendency of these aligned sample curves is calculated to construct a single, highly representative "initial baseline envelope curve." A preferred implementation is to perform alignment of all historical working curves at each aligned time point. travel value on This is accomplished by averaging. This baseline envelope curve represents the expected operating trajectory of the equipment under optimal health conditions.

[0113] Furthermore, the core innovation of this embodiment lies in the adaptive envelope generation based on optimized geometric constraints and dynamic bandwidth. By introducing multiple optimization measures, it ensures that the generated envelope is geometrically continuous, topologically correct, and closely related to physical reality. This step includes the following key technologies:

[0114] Before calculating the normal vector, to eliminate the interference of potential discrete point noise fluctuations on local geometric features, the initial reference envelope curve can be... Apply a window with a width of A smoother curve is obtained by pre-smoothing with a moving average or Gaussian filter.

[0115] To address the envelope "self-intersection" problem caused by discrete data noise in existing technologies (see comparison of effects), Figure 4 This embodiment introduces a geometrically constrained method for calculating normal offset. For the initial reference envelope curve, the terminal or server calculates its tangent using the central difference method in its main body, and constructs the unit normal vector accordingly. To prevent topological errors such as "self-intersection" of the envelope due to abrupt changes in the normal vector at points of severe oscillation, a normal vector limiting mechanism is introduced. Specifically, after calculating the first... The initial intermediate normal vector of each intermediate reference point Then, it will calculate the previous normal vector of the previous reference point. The angle between .like Exceeding the preset maximum allowable turning angle threshold It is believed that the included angle condition is not met, and will be applied to Make corrections: Adjust it to use Based on the original Direction rotation The new vector is obtained from the angle. This process ensures that the rate of change of the normal vector field is constrained, thus guaranteeing the local smoothness and topological correctness of the generated envelope. To further improve the model's adaptability, a maximum allowable angle threshold is set. It is not fixed, but a function that can be dynamically adjusted according to the stage of motion. For example, in the main stroke section where the curvature of the curve changes gently, a more stringent (smaller) [mechanical] approach is adopted. To suppress noise; however, in physical stages where the curvature itself undergoes drastic changes, such as at the end of the opening and closing circuits, the curvature should be appropriately relaxed (increased). This allows the envelope to accurately follow the normal physical characteristics of the reference envelope curve, avoiding misjudgments caused by rigid geometric constraints.

[0116] Meanwhile, to address the numerical instability caused by missing data neighborhoods at the beginning and end of the curve, and to avoid geometrical abrupt changes at the connection points between different offset methods, a more advanced smooth transition mechanism was adopted to replace the old hard switching. Specifically, a transition zone was defined at both the beginning and end of the curve. Within this zone, the beginning and end reference points are ultimately used to determine the beginning and end normal vectors. It is the axial offset vector (To ensure robustness, it is usually a perpendicular vector) and the initial head and tail normal vectors calculated from the curve geometry. Dynamic weighted average:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, the weighting coefficient Controlled by a smoothing function (such as cosine interpolation), the edge processing smoothly transitions from 0 (using axial offset) to 1 (using local normal vector) within the transition region. This advanced edge processing method ensures that the envelope's direction is continuous and smooth as it enters and leaves the main body region, fundamentally eliminating visual and geometric sharp points or angles caused by algorithm switching.

[0119] This embodiment further introduces a dynamic bandwidth modulation mechanism (bandwidth distribution diagram as shown in the figure). Figure 5 (As shown). To address the potential "step-like" abrupt changes in envelope width at stage boundaries that may result from piecewise constant weighting functions, this embodiment employs a higher-order continuous smooth weighting function. Define the center weights for each stage in the configuration file. and the transition zone boundary. Assume the center weights of two adjacent curve stages are respectively... and The transition zone in between is At that point in time When in this transition zone, a cosine smoothing interpolation function can be used to calculate the weight of the current point. :

[0120]

[0121] This function ensures At the transition boundary time and Not only are the values ​​at this point continuous, but its first derivative is also zero and continuous, thus generating a visually and geometrically smooth envelope boundary. Finally, the upper and lower envelope points of this point... and It is calculated using the following formula, where The first on the reference envelope curve Data points, The base physical bandwidth defined in the configuration file: This method generates a smooth and continuous curve in both visual and geometric logic, fundamentally eliminating the problem of false alarms at critical points caused by boundary steps.

[0122] Furthermore, to solve the weighting coefficient Regarding the issue of setting the transition zone width, this embodiment further proposes a parameter calibration method based on physical characteristics, which correlates the parameters with the actual movement process of the circuit breaker:

[0123] First, in the constructed baseline envelope curve Based on its first derivative (velocity) and second derivative (acceleration) characteristics, the system automatically identifies and marks key physical nodes, such as "motion start point," "contact separation / contact point," "main stroke end point," "buffer phase start point," and "motion termination point." These physical nodes precisely divide the stroke curve into multiple stages with clear physical meaning (such as the starting acceleration stage, uniform motion stage, contact action stage, and buffer deceleration stage).

[0124] Understandably, a time width is automatically defined on both sides of the boundary point between two adjacent physical phases. The transition area. This width It can be set to a fixed percentage (e.g., 10%) of the smaller of the durations of two adjacent stages to ensure that the duration of the transition zone can adaptively scale during motion at different rates, thus guaranteeing the rationality of the smooth transition of weights. Through the above calibration method, the key parameters of dynamic bandwidth modulation are no longer simply set manually, but are automatically generated after in-depth physical analysis of a large amount of sample data, which greatly enhances the objectivity, adaptability, and technical depth of the method.

[0125] After the above steps, the final generated complete diagnostic envelope model, including the upper boundary curve, lower boundary curve, and central reference curve, along with its related metadata (such as equipment model, creation time, and sample summary used), is serialized and stored in the "Reference Envelope Model Library." To address the impact of environmental temperature and other operating condition changes on the mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers, the system supports building a refined multi-condition model library based on operation type (opening / closing) and environmental conditions. During modeling, for both "opening" and "closing" operations, sample data collected at different temperature ranges (e.g., low temperature, normal temperature, high temperature) can be independently modeled to generate corresponding reference envelopes. These envelopes are stored along with the operation type and operating condition label (e.g., temperature range) for intelligent matching and retrieval by the online diagnostic engine based on actual operating conditions.

[0126] Phase Two: Online fault diagnosis of the curve under test.

[0127] This stage represents the practical application, and is an online or near real-time execution process. It receives new test data with an unknown state, calls upon the baseline envelope from the model library, and performs rapid analysis and diagnosis.

[0128] The input information includes the test data and circuit breaker configuration information. The test data is a real-time acquisition or historical playback of the circuit breaker's operating curve, which is required for health status assessment. The circuit breaker configuration information defines relevant parameters during the online diagnostic process, such as the thresholds for fault determination at each level (Threshold_D_max, Threshold_S, Threshold_R, etc.).

[0129] Intelligent Model Loading: After the diagnostic analysis engine starts, it first reads the circuit breaker configuration information. Then, based on the model of the device under test, its operation type (opening / closing), and current environmental operating parameters (such as real-time temperature), it intelligently matches and loads the most suitable baseline envelope model from the multi-condition model library built in the first phase. The terminal or server will search and match the closest operating condition model in the model library based on the real-time operating parameters. If no perfectly matching operating condition is found, a universal baseline model such as "normal temperature" will be selected by default, with an uncertainty warning added.

[0130] Before matching, the terminal or server needs to perform a feature extraction process on the circuit breaker's operating curve to identify the start and end points of motion. During this process, a "feature extraction integrity verification" logic is added. If a valid end-point feature cannot be detected within a preset time window (e.g., acceleration consistently fails to return to near zero), the operation is determined to be a serious fault (e.g., "mechanism movement obstructed" or "operation incomplete"). In this case, the subsequent comparison process will be directly interrupted, and a standardized output packet with a special fault marker (e.g., FAULT_TYPE: PRE_CHECK_FAILED) will be generated. This data packet will contain complete raw data and fault description information to ensure the compatibility and robustness of downstream system interfaces.

[0131] After extracting the effective motion range and verifying the integrity of the circuit breaker operating curve, a spatial alignment step is required to ensure the accuracy of subsequent comparisons. Since the number of numerical points N_test of the real-time acquired circuit breaker operating curve may differ from the number of reference points N_model of the target reference envelope curve, both must be transformed to a unified discrete coordinate reference. During the numerical adjustment process, using the circuit breaker operating curve as the reference, numerical interpolation methods (such as linear interpolation or higher-order spline interpolation) are employed to resample the upper and lower boundary curves of the reference envelope curve loaded from the curve model library, generating new upper and lower envelope curves with the same length as the curve under test (both N_test). After this step, the obtained curve under test and the resampled envelope have a one-to-one correspondence at each sampling point, providing a data foundation for subsequent accurate, point-to-point composite diagnostic calculations.

[0132] Each numerical point on the pre-processed and aligned circuit breaker operating curve is compared with the upper and lower boundary values ​​of the target reference envelope curve at the corresponding position to determine whether it is "out of bounds," and all out-of-bounds points and their deviation distances are recorded. To replace the information loss problem caused by the traditional single "out-of-bounds" judgment, this embodiment adopts a set of multi-dimensional composite diagnostic criteria to quantitatively assess the fault. The system calculates the following three core indicators in parallel:

[0133] Criterion 1: Out-of-bounds ratio This criterion measures the percentage of numerical points falling outside the envelope of the sensor's data. It assesses the breadth or persistence of the bias and is primarily used to identify increased sensor noise or prevalent minor mechanical vibrations. .

[0134] Criterion 2: Area Integral : Calculate the area integral enclosed by all out-of-bounds portions and the envelope boundary (e.g. Figure 3 (As shown). This criterion characterizes the accumulation or severity of abnormal energy, and is particularly effective in capturing persistent, slow shifts caused by mechanical wear, jamming, etc. Its integral characteristics allow it to effectively filter out instantaneous, random noise glitches. To ensure the clarity of the calculation, the area integral... Defined as the cumulative integral of the excess distances of all out-of-limit numerical points on the circuit breaker operating curve in the normal direction of their corresponding reference curve points. Specifically, if any point on the circuit breaker operating curve... Points along the target reference envelope curve normal vector Direction, and its distance from the target reference envelope curve. The dynamic envelope halfwidth exceeds that point. Then its over-limit deviation is Area integral The result is obtained by summing up the out-of-limit deviations at all out-of-limit points: This definition transforms the complex two-dimensional area problem into a one-dimensional integral along the time axis, which is physically equivalent to the accumulation of "overlimit-time", ensuring the robustness and consistency of the computation.

[0135] Criterion 3: Peak deviation Calculate the maximum normal or perpendicular distance from the envelope boundary among all out-of-bounds points. The physical significance of this criterion lies in capturing instantaneous, severe mechanical shocks or electrical interference (such as sensor breakdown). It is a key supplement to "area integral" and "out-of-bounds ratio" in the time dimension, and is specifically designed to prevent the underreporting of "extremely short but extremely strong" devastating faults.

[0136] Furthermore, to address the information loss issues associated with traditional single threshold or fuzzy weighted scoring, this embodiment employs a physically meaningful and clearly interpretable hierarchical judgment strategy. Based on the working analysis results of three core criteria, the judgments are verified level by level in descending order of severity:

[0137] Level 1 Detection (Critical Fault): First check the peak deviation. If (D_{max}>Threshold_{D_max})THEN, it is considered a "critical fault," corresponding to emergency situations requiring immediate intervention, such as sensor breakdown or severe mechanical impact. Threshold_{D_max} is an extremely high threshold set based on the equipment's safety margin.

[0138] Secondary criterion (significant anomaly): If the primary criterion passes, continue checking the area integral. If (S_{error}>Threshold_S)THEN is considered "significantly abnormal", this level corresponds to faults requiring planned maintenance, such as persistent mechanical wear, jamming, or deterioration of buffer performance.

[0139] Level 3 Judgment (Minor Warning): If the first two judgments pass, the final check is the out-of-bounds ratio. If (R>Threshold_R)THEN, it is judged as a "minor warning". This level corresponds to increased sensor noise or atypical minor vibration of the equipment, prompting maintenance personnel to pay attention.

[0140] Finally, if no alarm is triggered at any level, the system is ultimately classified as "normal." If normal, standardized CSV analysis data is output. If abnormal (at any level), the corresponding alarm mechanism will be triggered, and a detailed report containing the data to be tested, envelope data, all calculated criterion values, and a clear fault level will be generated for technicians to trace the fault and conduct in-depth analysis.

[0141] Through the above implementation methods, this embodiment constructs a complete, closed-loop equipment status monitoring and fault diagnosis system, from offline modeling to online diagnosis. This system not only boasts a high degree of automation but also significantly improves the accuracy, robustness, and reliability of diagnosis by introducing geometric normal bias, dynamic bandwidth modulation, and multi-dimensional composite diagnostic criteria.

[0142] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, a circuit breaker operation analysis method is also provided, including:

[0143] Step S701: For each test condition, obtain multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under the test condition;

[0144] Step S702: For each historical working curve, determine the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in the historical working curve.

[0145] Step S703: Iterate through the instantaneous accelerations at each moment in chronological order, and determine the start and end times from each moment based on the instantaneous accelerations.

[0146] The reference interval is defined by the start time as the minimum time and the end time as the maximum time.

[0147] Step S704: Align the reference intervals of each historical working curve to obtain the aligned intervals;

[0148] Step S705: For each alignment time in the alignment interval, determine the target travel value for the alignment time based on the travel values ​​corresponding to the alignment time.

[0149] Step S706: Determine the initial reference envelope curve based on each alignment time and the target travel value at each alignment time;

[0150] Each alignment time and the target travel value at the alignment time constitute a reference point. The initial reference envelope curve includes head and tail reference points and multiple intermediate reference points.

[0151] Step S707: For each intermediate reference point, determine the initial intermediate normal vector of the reference point.

[0152] Step S708: If the angle between the initial intermediate normal vector and the previous normal vector of the previous reference point does not meet the angle condition, the initial intermediate normal vector is adjusted based on the angle condition to obtain the intermediate normal vector.

[0153] Step S709: For the head and tail reference points, determine the head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points based on the initial head and tail normal vectors and the preset axial offset vectors.

[0154] Step S710: Based on each intermediate normal vector and the head and tail normal vectors, update the initial reference envelope curve to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve.

[0155] The candidate benchmark envelope curve includes multiple candidate benchmark points; the candidate benchmark envelope curve includes multiple curve stages; each curve stage corresponds to a different center weight; there is a transition zone between two adjacent curve stages.

[0156] Step S711: For each curve stage, determine the distance standard deviation corresponding to the curve stage based on the normal distance between each candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve in the curve stage.

[0157] Step S712: Determine the center weight of the curve stage based on the distance standard deviation;

[0158] Step S713: When there is a candidate reference point located in the transition zone, determine the candidate weight of the candidate reference point based on the center weight of each of the two adjacent curve stages corresponding to the transition zone and the transition boundary time of the transition zone.

[0159] Step S714: Determine the envelope bandwidth corresponding to the candidate reference point based on the candidate normal vector and candidate weight of the candidate reference point;

[0160] Step S715: Update the candidate reference envelope curves according to each envelope bandwidth to obtain the reference envelope curves;

[0161] Step S716: Obtain the circuit breaker operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information;

[0162] Step S717: Determine the target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information from each reference envelope curve; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points;

[0163] Step S718: Using the circuit breaker operating curve as a reference, the target reference envelope curve is numerically adjusted so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve.

[0164] Step S719: Based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each benchmark point, determine the working analysis results of the circuit breaker.

[0165] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0166] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a circuit breaker operation analysis device for implementing the circuit breaker operation analysis method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the circuit breaker operation analysis device provided below can be found in the limitations of the circuit breaker operation analysis method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0167] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a circuit breaker operation analysis device 800 is provided, including: an information acquisition module 802, a reference envelope curve determination module 804, a numerical adjustment module 806, and an operation analysis result determination module 808, wherein:

[0168] The information acquisition module 802 is used to acquire multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information.

[0169] The reference envelope curve determination module 804 is used to determine the target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information from each reference envelope curve; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points;

[0170] The numerical adjustment module 806 is used to perform numerical adjustment on the target reference envelope curve based on the circuit breaker operating curve, so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve.

[0171] The working analysis result determination module 808 is used to determine the working analysis result of the circuit breaker based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each benchmark point.

[0172] In one exemplary embodiment, each reference envelope curve corresponds to a test condition. In this embodiment, the information acquisition module 802 includes:

[0173] The historical operating curve acquisition unit is used to acquire multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under each test condition.

[0174] The data integration unit is used to integrate working data from multiple historical working curves to obtain an initial baseline envelope curve.

[0175] The normal vector update unit is used to update the normal vector of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve; the candidate reference envelope curve encloses multiple candidate reference points;

[0176] Envelope bandwidth determination unit, used to determine the envelope bandwidth of each candidate reference point;

[0177] The reference envelope curve determination unit is used to update the candidate reference envelope curves according to each envelope bandwidth to obtain the reference envelope curve.

[0178] In one exemplary embodiment, the data integration unit is specifically used for:

[0179] For each historical working curve, determine the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in the historical working curve;

[0180] The instantaneous accelerations at each moment are traversed in chronological order, and the start and end times are determined from each moment based on the instantaneous accelerations; wherein, the start time is the minimum moment and the end time is the maximum moment to form a reference interval;

[0181] The baseline intervals of each historical working curve are aligned to obtain the aligned intervals.

[0182] For each alignment time in the alignment interval, the target travel value for the alignment time is determined based on the travel values ​​corresponding to the alignment time.

[0183] The initial reference envelope curve is determined based on each alignment time and the target travel value at each alignment time.

[0184] In an exemplary embodiment, each alignment time and the target travel value at that alignment time constitute a reference point, and the initial reference envelope curve includes head and tail reference points and multiple intermediate reference points. In this embodiment, the normal vector update unit is specifically used for:

[0185] For each intermediate reference point, determine the initial intermediate normal vector of the reference point;

[0186] If the angle between the initial intermediate normal vector and the previous normal vector of the previous reference point does not meet the angle condition, the initial intermediate normal vector is adjusted based on the angle condition to obtain the intermediate normal vector.

[0187] For the head and tail reference points, the head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points are determined based on the initial head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points and the preset axial offset vectors.

[0188] Based on the intermediate normal vectors and the head and tail normal vectors, the initial reference envelope curve is updated to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve.

[0189] In an exemplary embodiment, the candidate reference envelope curve includes multiple curve stages; each curve stage corresponds to a different center weight; and there is a transition region between adjacent curve stages. In this embodiment, the envelope bandwidth determination unit is specifically used for:

[0190] When a candidate reference point exists in the transition zone, the candidate weight of the candidate reference point is determined based on the center weight of each of the two adjacent curve stages corresponding to the transition zone and the transition boundary time of the transition zone.

[0191] Based on the candidate normal vectors and candidate weights of the candidate reference points, the envelope bandwidth corresponding to the candidate reference points is determined.

[0192] In an exemplary embodiment, the circuit breaker operation analysis device 800 further includes a center weight determination module, specifically used for:

[0193] For each curve stage, the distance standard deviation corresponding to the curve stage is determined based on the normal distance between each candidate reference point and the candidate reference envelope curve in the curve stage.

[0194] The center weight of the curve stage is determined based on the distance standard deviation.

[0195] Each module in the aforementioned circuit breaker operation analysis device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0196] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a circuit breaker operation analysis method. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the computer device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0197] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0198] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0199] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0200] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0201] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0202] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0203] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0204] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker operation analysis method characterized by, The method includes: Obtain multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker's operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information; From each of the aforementioned reference envelope curves, a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information is determined; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points. Using the circuit breaker operating curve as a reference, the target reference envelope curve is numerically adjusted so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve. Based on the comparison relationship between each numerical point and each benchmark point, the working analysis result of the circuit breaker is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned reference envelope curves corresponds to a test condition; obtaining multiple preset reference envelope curves includes: For each of the aforementioned test conditions, obtain multiple historical operating curves of the circuit breaker under the test conditions; The initial baseline envelope curve is obtained by integrating the working data from the multiple historical working curves. The normal vectors of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve are updated to obtain candidate reference envelope curves; the candidate reference envelope curves enclose multiple candidate reference points. Determine the envelope bandwidth of each of the candidate reference points; The candidate reference envelope curves are updated according to the specified envelope bandwidths to obtain the reference envelope curves.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of integrating the working data from the multiple historical working curves to obtain the initial baseline envelope curve includes: For each of the aforementioned historical operating curves, determine the instantaneous acceleration at each moment in the historical operating curve; The instantaneous accelerations at each of the stated times are iterated in chronological order, and the start and end times are determined from each of the stated times based on the instantaneous accelerations; wherein, the start time is the minimum time and the end time is the maximum time to form a reference interval; The reference intervals of each of the historical working curves are aligned to obtain the aligned intervals. For each alignment time in the alignment interval, the target travel value for the alignment time is determined based on the travel values ​​corresponding to the alignment time. The initial reference envelope curve is determined based on each alignment time and the target travel value at each alignment time.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each alignment time and the target travel value at that alignment time constitute a reference point. The initial reference envelope curve includes head and tail reference points and multiple intermediate reference points. Updating the normal vector of each reference point in the initial reference envelope curve to obtain a candidate reference envelope curve includes: For each of the intermediate reference points, determine the initial intermediate normal vector of the reference point; If the angle between the initial intermediate normal vector and the previous normal vector of the previous reference point does not meet the angle condition, the initial intermediate normal vector is adjusted based on the angle condition to obtain the intermediate normal vector. For the head and tail reference points, the head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points are determined based on the initial head and tail normal vectors of the head and tail reference points and the preset axial offset vectors. Based on the intermediate normal vectors and the head and tail normal vectors, the initial reference envelope curve is updated to obtain the candidate reference envelope curve.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The candidate baseline envelope curve includes multiple curve stages; each curve stage corresponds to a different center weight. There is a transition zone between two adjacent curve stages; Determining the envelope bandwidth of each of the candidate reference points includes: When a candidate reference point is located in the transition zone, the candidate weight of the candidate reference point is determined based on the center weight of each of the two adjacent curve stages corresponding to the transition zone and the transition boundary time of the transition zone. Based on the candidate normal vector and candidate weight of the candidate reference point, the envelope bandwidth corresponding to the candidate reference point is determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: For each curve stage, the distance standard deviation corresponding to the curve stage is determined based on the normal distance between each candidate reference point in the curve stage and the candidate reference envelope curve. The center weight of the curve stage is determined based on the distance standard deviation.

7. A circuit breaker operation analysis device, characterized in that, The device includes: The information acquisition module is used to acquire multiple preset reference envelope curves, as well as the circuit breaker's operating curve and circuit breaker configuration information; The reference envelope curve determination module is used to determine a target reference envelope curve that matches the circuit breaker configuration information from each of the reference envelope curves; the target reference envelope curve includes multiple reference points; The numerical adjustment module is used to perform numerical adjustment on the target reference envelope curve based on the circuit breaker operating curve, so that the reference points in the new target reference envelope curve are aligned with the numerical points in the circuit breaker operating curve. The working analysis result determination module is used to determine the working analysis result of the circuit breaker based on the comparison relationship between each of the numerical points and each of the reference points.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images