A method for optimizing heat-affected zone of battery laser cutting

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of precision laser processing and new energy battery manufacturing technology, specifically to a battery laser cutting heat affected zone optimization method, comprising: parameter mapping coding unit, receiving material physical property parameters and laser energy density instruction, converting physical working condition into fluid mechanics state vector; Thixotropy operator calculation unit, real-time monitoring of virtual strain front, solving the stress offset item for physical inhibition of heat diffusion in reverse; Dynamic tensor damper unit, receiving stress offset item; MOPA laser execution unit, responding to time domain shaping instruction, while executing cutting, using perturbation signal to destroy plasma shielding layer to form a virtual cold ring with high thermal resistance; The present application overcomes the feedback lag caused by the limitation of sampling frequency in traditional infrared monitoring, and realizes the microsecond level active defense of the heat affected zone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of precision laser processing and new energy battery manufacturing technology, specifically a method for optimizing the heat-affected zone of battery laser cutting. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous upgrading of the manufacturing process of new energy power batteries, laser cutting technology has become the mainstream method for electrode forming and slitting due to its high energy density and non-contact processing characteristics. In order to ensure the quality of the cutting edge of the electrode, the heat accumulation in the cutting area usually needs to be strictly controlled in the industrial field. Currently, closed-loop feedback mechanisms are typically constructed using external sensing devices such as infrared thermal imagers to monitor the temperature field of the processing area. The control system determines the risk of overheating based on real-time temperature data collected by the thermal imager and adjusts the laser power output or scanning speed when abnormal temperature rise is detected. The interaction between the laser and the material occurs on a picosecond timescale, while heat diffusion occurs on a microsecond timescale, resulting in a significant timescale mismatch. Traditional feedback mechanisms based on external hardware sampling are limited by the sampling frequency, making it difficult to capture transient heat flow evolution. Adjustment commands are often only issued after thermal damage has actually occurred. This lag in control makes it difficult to effectively suppress the diffusion of the heat-affected zone, easily leading to melt accumulation or deformation at the cut edges. Furthermore, introducing expensive high-speed temperature measurement hardware to improve real-time detection significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the production line. Therefore, overcoming the lag in existing temperature control feedback mechanisms and achieving advanced prediction and real-time suppression of the heat-affected zone without relying on expensive hardware has become a pressing problem in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting. Specifically, the technical solution of this invention includes: Parameter mapping and field construction steps: The parameter mapping encoding unit receives material property parameters and laser energy density instructions, converts the physical conditions into a fluid dynamics state vector, where the laser energy density is mapped to the shear stress of the virtual fluid, and the heat-affected zone boundary is mapped to a zero-velocity rigid wall as a flow constraint; and constructs a meshed virtual field isomorphic to the cutting path in the memory of the computing unit, and calculates the virtual strain characterizing the degree of heat diffusion based on the fluid dynamics state vector; Inverse thixotropic calculation steps: The thixotropic operator calculation unit monitors the virtual strain front in real time. When it is determined that the virtual strain front is approaching the zero-velocity rigid wall, the inverse thixotropic calculation logic is triggered. Based on the constraint condition of maintaining the boundary velocity at zero, the stress cancellation term for physically suppressing heat diffusion is solved in reverse. Dynamic tensor damping modulation steps: The dynamic tensor damper unit receives the stress cancellation term and converts the abstract value into a time-domain shaping instruction for the main laser pulse through a waveform modulation algorithm. The time-domain shaping instruction includes the main pulse waveform clipping parameters and the gap perturbation sequence parameters. MOPA execution steps: In response to the time-domain shaping command, the MOPA laser execution unit performs cutting while simultaneously using a perturbation signal to disrupt the plasma shielding layer to form a virtual cold ring with high thermal resistance.

[0004] Optionally, the specific logical configuration for converting physical conditions into fluid dynamics state vectors is as follows: The laser energy density is qualitatively mapped as the driving potential energy that propels the diffusion of virtual fluid in a virtual computing field; The thermal diffusivity of a material is qualitatively mapped to its basic viscosity, which represents the material's property of impeding heat flow. The parameter mapping encoding unit outputs a fluid dynamics state vector containing the driving potential energy, basic viscosity, and the definition of a zero-velocity rigid wall, to drive the evolution of the virtual field.

[0005] Optionally, the process of constructing a meshed virtual field and calculating virtual strain includes: In the memory of the FPGA or edge computing unit, a discretized viscoelastic model is established; the viscoelastic model is used to simulate the deformation and flow of fluid under the shear stress, and the deformation increment of each grid point in the virtual field at the current moment is calculated. The deformation increment is integrated to generate a virtual strain distribution state that is updated in real time, and this state is transmitted as a control input to the thixotropic operator calculation unit.

[0006] Optionally, the specific execution process of the inverse thixotropic computation logic includes: In the mathematical model, the local viscosity parameter of the virtual fluid at the boundary is instantly adjusted to approach infinity in order to simulate the establishment of an absolute barrier; Based on the physical law in fluid mechanics that stress equals viscosity multiplied by strain rate, in order to maintain the fluid velocity at the boundary at zero, the required reverse force value is calculated when laser energy is used as driving potential energy. The numerical value of the reverse force is output as the stress cancellation term, which characterizes the reverse physical inhibition required to prevent heat diffusion across the allowable boundary of the heat-affected zone.

[0007] Optionally, the process by which the dynamic tensor damper unit generates the peak-shaving parameters of the main pulse waveform based on the stress cancellation term includes: Real-time monitoring of the amplitude change of the stress compensation term; When the magnitude of the stress cancellation term increases, indicating that the virtual heat flow is about to break through the boundary, a microsecond-level truncation command is generated for the trailing edge of the current laser main pulse. The cutoff command is configured such that the cutoff amount is proportional to the amplitude of the stress relief term, thereby cutting off the pulsed heat tail that causes heat accumulation.

[0008] Optionally, the process by which the dynamic tensor damper element generates the gap perturbation sequence parameters based on the stress cancellation term includes: Based on the frequency characteristics of the stress cancellation term, a high-frequency, low-energy perturbation pulse sequence is generated; The perturbation pulse sequence is inserted into the gap between two high-energy main cutting pulses, i.e., during the laser turn-off period; The perturbation pulse sequence is configured to disturb the local plasma cloud at the cut point during the main pulse interval, preventing secondary thermal radiation caused by plasma stagnation.

[0009] Optionally, a method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting, wherein the physical parameters of the perturbation pulse sequence are limited as follows: The energy density is below the material's vaporization threshold to ensure that the sequence does not produce substantial cutting or removal effects; The frequency resonates with the thermal relaxation frequency of the material lattice, so as to utilize the phonon scattering characteristics to destroy the steady-state plasma shielding layer.

[0010] Optionally, after executing the time-domain shaping command, the MOPA laser execution unit generates negative thermal hysteresis at the physical level, specifically manifested as follows: The microsecond-level truncation command reduces invalid heat input; The perturbation pulse sequence accelerates convective heat dissipation in the slit region; By forming a high thermal resistance virtual cold ring, like a dam, in the micro-region of the cutting edge, heat is forced to be carried away mainly through material vaporization rather than conducted inward, thereby achieving the control target of a zero-velocity rigid wall in virtual space in physical space.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention transforms the solution of nonlinear heat conduction into linear fluid stress calculation by constructing a virtual field model of fluid mechanics, thereby realizing the advanced prediction of heat diffusion; by utilizing the real-time calculation of virtual strain, the system can predict risks before thermal damage occurs through inverse thixotropic logic, overcoming the feedback lag caused by the limitation of traditional infrared monitoring on sampling frequency, and realizing microsecond-level active defense of the thermally affected zone. 2. This invention adopts a computational dimensionality-upgrading strategy, using mathematical models in FPGA memory to replace physical sensors; through inverse solving based on fluid constitutive equations, the system can accurately quantify heat overflow trends without relying on expensive high-speed infrared temperature measurement equipment; this pure algorithm-based soft measurement scheme significantly reduces production line hardware costs while meeting the real-time requirements of high-precision temperature control in industrial settings. 3. This invention utilizes dynamic tensor damping technology to generate microsecond-level truncation commands in real time based on stress cancellation terms. When the heat flow is detected approaching the boundary, the command precisely clips the trailing edge of the laser main pulse, cutting off redundant energy that only generates thermal effects without contributing to cutting. This mechanism effectively blocks the lateral accumulation of heat inside the material while ensuring cutting efficiency, thus optimizing the processing energy efficiency ratio. 4. This invention inserts a high-frequency perturbation sequence into the main pulse gap and uses the resonance effect to destroy the steady-state plasma layer above the cutting point. This mechanism eliminates the thermal cage effect of the plasma and changes the cutting area from passive cooling to active induced heat dissipation, forming a high thermal resistance virtual cold ring in physical space, forcing heat to be carried away by vaporization rather than conducted inward, thereby greatly improving the smoothness of the cutting edge. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0014] Example 1: Please see Figure 1 A method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in laser cutting of batteries, comprising: Parameter mapping and field construction steps: The parameter mapping encoding unit receives material property parameters and laser energy density instructions, converts the physical conditions into a fluid dynamics state vector, where the laser energy density is mapped to the shear stress of the virtual fluid, and the heat-affected zone boundary is mapped to a zero-velocity rigid wall as a flow constraint; and a meshed virtual field is constructed in the memory of the computing unit that is isomorphic to the cutting path, and the virtual strain characterizing the degree of heat diffusion is calculated based on the fluid dynamics state vector; Inverse thixotropic calculation steps: The thixotropic operator calculation unit monitors the virtual strain front in real time. When it is determined that the virtual strain front is approaching the zero-velocity rigid wall, the inverse thixotropic calculation logic is triggered. Based on the constraint condition of maintaining the boundary velocity at zero, the stress cancellation term used to physically suppress thermal diffusion is solved in reverse. Dynamic tensor damping modulation steps: The dynamic tensor damper unit receives the stress cancellation term and transforms the abstract value into a time-domain shaping command for the main laser pulse through a waveform modulation algorithm. The time-domain shaping command includes the main pulse waveform clipping parameters and the gap perturbation sequence parameters. MOPA execution steps: The MOPA laser execution unit responds to the time-domain shaping command and, while performing the cutting, uses a perturbation signal to destroy the plasma shielding layer to form a virtual cold ring with high thermal resistance.

[0015] This embodiment discloses an optimization method for the heat-affected zone of laser-cut batteries. This method aims to solve the time-scale mismatch problem between picosecond-level laser interaction and microsecond-level thermal diffusion. In the existing power battery electrode manufacturing process, the feedback mechanism based on infrared thermal imagers is limited by the sampling frequency, and adjustment commands are often issued only after thermal damage has formed. To address this lag problem, this embodiment adopts a computational dimensionality-upgrading strategy. By constructing an equivalent virtual viscoelastic field model, the nonlinear partial differential solution of thermal diffusion is transformed into stress balance calculation in fluid mechanics, thereby achieving advanced prediction and control. During the initialization phase of the control cycle, the parameter mapping and encoding unit performs the physical-to-digital space conversion task. This unit reads the number of electrode layers, coating thickness, and basic thermal properties of the material through the industrial bus, and simultaneously acquires the real-time laser energy density command from the CNC system. According to the preset mapping protocol, this unit parameterizes the physical conditions into a fluid dynamics state vector. In this specific technical context, the fluid dynamics state vector refers to a set of tensors that describe the behavior characteristics of the virtual medium in the virtual computing space. It includes not only the potential energy component that drives the flow of the virtual medium, but also the geometric constraint component that defines the flow boundary. In terms of configuration logic, this unit qualitatively converts the high-intensity laser energy density into shear stress input in the virtual fluid model, and defines the maximum heat-affected zone edge coordinates allowed in the process specifications as rigid wall constraints with zero velocity in the virtual space. Based on this state vector, the system establishes a gridded virtual field with topological isomorphism to the physical cutting path in the register array of the computing unit, and uses a discretized numerical integration method to deduce the rheological behavior of the virtual fluid under shear stress, and then calculates the virtual strain. The virtual strain, as a dimensionless process quantity, quantitatively characterizes the degree of heat accumulation from the heat source center to the edge inside the material. Upon entering the inverse thixotropic calculation step, the thixotropic operator calculation unit polls the virtual strain propagation front in the mesh at the microsecond level; once the monitoring algorithm determines that the gradient value of the front indicates that it is about to touch the set zero-velocity rigid wall, the unit immediately starts the inverse thixotropic calculation logic. In the context defined in this embodiment, inverse thixotropy specifically refers to a position-triggered transient limiting shear thickening mechanism, that is, when a virtual fluid comes into contact with a specific coordinate boundary, its constitutive properties are forced to undergo a step change, and the viscosity coefficient instantly tends to infinity, thereby simulating a rigid thermal barrier that cannot be overcome by physics. This logic does not employ conventional PID negative feedback regulation, but instead is based on the inverse solution of the fluid dynamics constitutive equation: under the boundary conditions of known driving force and zero boundary velocity, the numerical value of the reaction force required to maintain the equilibrium is derived in reverse; the specific inverse derivation logic is as follows: at the boundary grid node, the velocity vector at the next moment is forced to be zero, and this constraint is substituted into the discretized momentum conservation equation; at this time, the internal stress originally calculated by the viscosity term in the equation is replaced by the unknown quantity to be solved; through the rearrangement operation, the stress cancellation term is calculated to be numerically equal to the negative value of the sum of the nodal force generated by the driving potential energy at the current moment and the elastic force transmitted by the neighboring grid; This value is the stress cancellation term, and its physical meaning is to quantify the equivalent suppression energy amplitude that the physical system needs to apply in order to forcibly block the heat flow from crossing the set boundary at the microscale. In the dynamic tensor damping modulation step, the dynamic tensor damper unit acts as a bridge connecting abstract calculation and physical execution. It receives the stress cancellation term and maps it to the control parameters of the MOPA laser. Utilizing the high degree of freedom modulation characteristics of the master oscillation power amplifier architecture, the unit translates the abstract stress cancellation term into a time-domain shaping instruction containing two parts: pulse trailing edge truncation and pulse gap filling, through an embedded waveform analysis algorithm. In the MOPA execution step, the MOPA laser execution unit implements precise photon energy output according to the instruction; at the macroscopic level, the laser beam completes the removal and separation of the electrode material; at the microscopic time scale, by executing the time-domain shaping instruction, the system effectively reconstructs the time-domain distribution of energy input, and achieves thermal diffusion suppression without reducing processing efficiency. By utilizing the linear and low-delay characteristics of fluid stress balance calculation, the nonlinear solution of complex heat conduction equations is replaced, eliminating the delay in the calculation process and enabling real-time prediction of heat overflow. This model-based reverse control strategy significantly improves the flatness and consistency of the battery electrode cutting edges without the need for expensive high-speed temperature measurement hardware.

[0016] Example 2: The specific logical configuration for converting physical operating conditions into fluid dynamics state vectors is as follows: The laser energy density is qualitatively mapped as the driving potential energy that propels the diffusion of virtual fluids in a virtual computing field; The thermal diffusivity of a material is qualitatively mapped to its basic viscosity, which represents the material's property of impeding heat flow. The parameter mapping encoding unit outputs a hydrodynamic state vector containing the driving potential energy, basic viscosity, and zero-velocity rigid wall definition to drive the evolution of the virtual field.

[0017] In the parameter mapping logic of this embodiment, in order to ensure a rigorous correspondence between the virtual field calculation results and the physical heat conduction process, the parameter mapping encoding unit performs a qualitative mapping operation based on physical isomorphism. In terms of driving source mapping, this unit maps laser energy density to the driving potential energy of a virtual fluid. This mapping follows the analogy between energy conservation and momentum transfer: the high-density energy of the laser input is the source that causes heat to accumulate in the material lattice and generate a gradient, just as shear stress is the fundamental driving force for fluid deformation and flow. Considering the nonlinear absorption characteristics of the laser-material interaction, this unit employs a nonlinear weighted mapping strategy. The system introduces a photothermal coupling efficiency factor that varies with the estimated process temperature. , laser energy density Mapped to virtual shear stress Satisfying the relation ; in, For dimensionless unit conversion factors, The nonlinear correction term introduced is the photothermal coupling efficiency factor that changes dynamically with temperature. This factor is used to correct the actual proportion of laser energy absorbed by the material and converted into heat energy, thus compensating for the deficiency that the linear fluid model cannot directly characterize the abrupt change in the light absorption rate of the material during phase transition. The photothermal coupling efficiency factor is dynamically changed with temperature, and its value is determined by the material light absorption rate temperature lookup table pre-stored in the system. In the initial stage, the solid-state absorptivity value is used, and in the stabilization stage of cutting, it automatically switches to the molten-state absorptivity value. Specifically, the system has an internal heat accumulation counter that performs real-time integration of the laser energy density command. When the integrated value is lower than the preset melting threshold Q1, the process temperature is estimated. The temperature is set to room temperature, corresponding to the solid-state absorption rate; when the integral value exceeds Q1, it is determined to enter the melting stage, and the process temperature is estimated. The integral value is set to the material's melting point, corresponding to the molten state absorptivity. Simultaneously, this integral value is reset during laser turn-off according to a preset time constant following an exponential decay law to simulate the heat dissipation process. This dynamic mapping mechanism corrects the driving force error caused by simple linear analogy, ensuring that the virtual field energy truly reflects the heat input intensity at different processing stages; In terms of medium property mapping, this unit maps the inherent thermal diffusivity of the material to the base viscosity of the virtual fluid. At the same time, it uses the product of the coating thickness and the number of electrode layers to define the total number of grid nodes in the depth direction of the virtual field to construct a three-dimensional virtual field. Based on the mixing law, it uses the proportion of the coating thickness in the total thickness of a single electrode layer as a weight to perform a weighted average of the thermal diffusivity of the coating material and the current collector material, and maps the calculated weighted average value to the base viscosity of the virtual fluid. In this technical definition, the base viscosity does not refer to the macroscopic viscosity of the fluid, but rather to the damping coefficient that defines the transfer of momentum between grid nodes in the virtual medium; the lower the thermal diffusivity, the lower the phonon heat transfer efficiency inside the material, which corresponds to the higher viscosity coefficient of the fluid in the virtual field, and the greater its flow deformation resistance. The final output of the parameter mapping encoding unit is a fluid dynamics state vector, which is a structured data packet containing the driving potential energy tensor, the basic viscosity scalar, and the rigid wall geometric constraint matrix. This data packet is used as the initial boundary condition and is directly loaded into the subsequent differential equation solver to drive the spatiotemporal evolution of the virtual field. By establishing this mapping relationship based on the isomorphism of physical mechanisms, the system can reuse mature and highly efficient fluid dynamics numerical algorithms to simulate complex thermodynamic processes. While ensuring physical realism, the computational complexity is reduced by an order of magnitude, thereby meeting the timeliness requirements of microsecond-level real-time control in industrial settings.

[0018] Example 3: The process of constructing a gridded virtual field and calculating virtual strain includes: A discretized viscoelastic model is established in the memory of the FPGA or edge computing unit; The deformation and flow of fluid under shear stress are simulated using a viscoelastic model, and the deformation increment of each grid point in the virtual field at the current moment is calculated. The deformation increment is integrated to generate a virtual strain distribution state that is updated in real time, and this state is transmitted as a control input to the thixotropic operator calculation unit.

[0019] To address the extremely rapid transient changes in the thermal field during laser cutting, this embodiment employs a heterogeneous computing architecture, constructing a computing environment within the on-chip memory of an FPGA or dedicated edge computing unit. At this hardware level, the system establishes a discretized viscoelastic model. This model is based on Maxwell's or Kelvin-Woythe's viscoelastic constitutive theory, discretizing the continuous material region into a finite difference grid. Each grid node is assigned an elastic modulus parameter characterizing energy storage characteristics and a viscous modulus parameter characterizing energy dissipation characteristics. During the computation, when the mapped shear stress is applied to the mesh element, the system calculates the deformation increment of each mesh node in parallel within the current clock cycle according to the discretized viscoelastic constitutive equation. This calculation process takes into account the stress transfer and relaxation effects between neighboring meshes. By accumulating numerical integration of the deformation increment on the time axis, the system generates a dynamically updated virtual strain distribution state. This state, in the form of a two-dimensional floating-point matrix, quantifies the distribution topology and diffusion rate of the heat front inside the material in real time. By utilizing the massively parallel logic units of an FPGA in conjunction with a discretized differential model, the system can complete iterative calculations of the entire field data within the minute intervals of laser pulse emission, eliminating the time delay accumulation caused by traditional serial calculations and ensuring strict synchronization between control signal generation and physical laser pulse emission.

[0020] Example 4: The specific execution process of the inverse thixotropic calculation logic includes: In the mathematical model, the local viscosity parameter of the virtual fluid at the boundary is instantly adjusted to approach infinity in order to simulate the establishment of an absolute barrier; Based on the physical law in fluid mechanics that stress equals viscosity multiplied by strain rate, in order to maintain the fluid velocity at the boundary at zero, the required reverse force value is calculated when laser energy is used as driving potential energy. The numerical value of the reverse force is output as a stress cancellation term, which characterizes the reverse physical inhibition required to prevent heat diffusion across the allowable boundary of the heat-affected zone.

[0021] In this embodiment, the inverse thixotropic calculation logic executed by the thixotropic operator calculation unit constitutes the core active defense mechanism of the system. When the monitoring algorithm confirms that the gradient direction of the virtual heat flow front points to and approaches the boundary coordinates of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), the system performs a parameter mutation operation at the mathematical model level: the local viscosity parameter of the grid point at the boundary position is assigned to the maximum value allowed by the system through a step function. This operation aims to simulate the shear thickening limit of non-Newtonian fluids, that is, to build an absolutely rigid barrier at the boundary where flow cannot occur. According to the constitutive law of fluid mechanics, under the boundary conditions where the viscosity approaches infinity and the strain rate is forcibly set to zero, a reverse compensation term with a very large amplitude must be introduced to continuously input the driving potential energy at the other end of the equilibrium equation. This unit calculates the specific value of the reverse compensation term, i.e., the stress cancellation term, by solving this equilibrium equation. This value has clear guiding significance at the physical control level, i.e., it indicates that if the control system wants to achieve thermal diffusion cutoff at the boundary under continuous high-energy laser loading, it must apply a reverse suppression energy equivalent to this value. This logic innovatively utilizes the inverse solution characteristics of fluid dynamics constitutive equations to mathematically transform the control objective into quantifiable control variables, thereby transforming the fuzzy problem of thermal diffusion suppression into a precise numerical equilibrium problem, providing a quantitative benchmark for subsequent precise modulation of laser waveforms.

[0022] Example 5: The process by which the dynamic tensor damper unit generates the peak-shaving parameters of the main pulse waveform based on the stress cancellation term includes: Real-time monitoring of the magnitude change of the stress compensation term; When the magnitude of the stress cancellation term increases, indicating that the virtual heat flow is about to break through the boundary, a microsecond-level truncation command is generated for the trailing edge of the current laser main pulse. Configure a cutoff command so that the cutoff amount is proportional to the magnitude of the stress relief term, thereby cutting off the pulsed heat tail that causes heat accumulation.

[0023] In this embodiment, the dynamic tensor damper unit dynamically shapes the temporal shape of the laser main pulse; the unit monitors the amplitude fluctuation of the input stress cancellation term in real time with an extremely high sampling rate; in the control logic, when the amplitude exceeds the preset safety threshold and shows an upward trend, it indicates that the virtual heat flow is trying to break through the set physical boundary, and the system determines that the current heat input is approaching oversaturation. To prevent further heat accumulation without weakening the peak power required for cutting, this unit generates a precise microsecond-level truncation command. This command acts on the falling edge of the laser main pulse. Physically, the trailing portion of a long pulse often fails to effectively vaporize the material due to energy density decay, instead dissipating heat through conduction, which is the main cause of heat accumulation. This unit uses a linear mapping algorithm to configure the truncation time to be proportional to the amplitude of the stress compensation term. That is, the greater the stress compensation requirement, the earlier the pulse trailing edge is forcibly turned off. By performing precise tail removal on the laser pulse, the system retains the high-energy front for material removal while eliminating redundant energy that only generates thermal effects and does not contribute to processing, thus optimizing the processing energy efficiency ratio and minimizing heat input.

[0024] Example 6: The process by which a dynamic tensor damper element generates a sequence of gap perturbation parameters based on stress cancellation terms includes: Based on the frequency characteristics of the stress cancellation term, a high-frequency, low-energy perturbation pulse sequence is generated; The perturbation pulse sequence is inserted into the gap between two high-energy main cutting pulses, i.e., during the laser turn-off period; The perturbation pulse sequence is configured to disturb the local plasma cloud at the cut point during the main pulse interval, preventing secondary thermal radiation caused by plasma stagnation.

[0025] In this embodiment, the dynamic tensor damper unit not only shapes the main pulse, but also actively intervenes in the pulse off-time by utilizing the duty cycle characteristics of laser emission; the unit analyzes the time series frequency characteristics of the stress cancellation term through fast Fourier transform to generate a set of parameter-specific perturbation pulse sequences; in terms of timing control, this sequence is precisely inserted into the zero-power output period between two high-energy main cutting pulses. The physical mechanism is that during high-power laser cutting, a steady-state local plasma cloud is generated above the material surface due to photoionization. This plasma layer not only shields the subsequent laser but also forms a heat cage effect, hindering the dissipation of heat from the cut to the environment and forcing heat to be conducted into the material. The micro-perturbation pulse sequence introduced in this embodiment aims to continuously disturb and destroy the steady-state structure of the plasma cloud through high-frequency photoelectric pressure impact, preventing it from lingering and accumulating above the cut. By filling the blank area in the time domain with functional perturbation signals, the system effectively removes the plasma barrier that hinders heat dissipation, transforming the slit region from passive natural cooling to active induced heat dissipation, and further suppressing the lateral spread of heat.

[0026] Example 7: The physical parameters of the perturbation pulse sequence are defined as follows: The energy density is below the material's vaporization threshold to ensure that the sequence does not produce substantial cutting or removal effects; The frequency resonates with the thermal relaxation frequency of the material lattice, so as to utilize the phonon scattering characteristics to destroy the steady-state plasma shielding layer.

[0027] This embodiment strictly limits the key physical parameters of the perturbation pulse sequence to ensure the purity and safety of its function; the energy density of the sequence is set to be below the vaporization threshold of the material being cut; this parameter constraint ensures that the perturbation pulse only produces photophysical perturbation effects and is insufficient to induce phase change in the material, thereby ensuring that the geometry of the cutting edge is completely determined by the main cutting pulse, avoiding edge burrs or secondary recast layers caused by the introduction of perturbation signals. The repetition frequency of the sequence is set to match the thermal relaxation frequency of the material lattice to produce a resonance effect; here, the thermal relaxation frequency refers to the characteristic frequency of energy exchange and transfer between phonons in the material lattice; by locking the frequency of the perturbation signal in this resonance range, the interaction between the laser and the material surface can maximize the excitation of the phonon scattering effect, thereby efficiently breaking up the electron-ion clusters focused above the cutting point. This frequency parameter setting based on the principle of resonance enables the system to destroy the plasma shielding layer to the greatest extent with extremely low energy cost, significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency of the slit region and embodying the idea of ​​energy efficiency optimization based on physical microscopic mechanisms.

[0028] Example 8: After executing time-domain shaping commands, the MOPA laser actuator exhibits negative thermal hysteresis at the physical level, specifically manifested as follows: Reduce unnecessary heat input by trunculating instructions at the microsecond level; Accelerate convective heat dissipation in the slit region by using perturbation pulse sequences; By forming a high thermal resistance virtual cold ring, like a dam, in the micro-region of the cutting edge, heat is forced to be carried away mainly through material vaporization rather than conducted inward, thereby achieving the control target of a zero-velocity rigid wall in virtual space in physical space.

[0029] In this embodiment, the MOPA laser execution unit, as the final response mechanism of the physical layer, induces a negative thermal hysteresis phenomenon in the microscopic thermodynamic environment of the battery electrode by comprehensively executing pulse truncation and perturbation insertion commands. Specifically, the microsecond-level truncation command cuts off the subsequent heat source that leads to heat accumulation in the time dimension, while the perturbation pulse sequence strengthens the convective heat dissipation mechanism of the cut area in the spatial dimension by destroying the plasma retention layer. The spatiotemporal synergy of these two mechanisms creates a high-temperature gradient, high-thermal-resistance virtual cold ring at the cut edge. The thermal resistance of this cold ring region is significantly higher than that of the surrounding material, forming a thermodynamic isolation barrier that greatly increases the resistance to heat conduction into the material's interior. Due to this physical barrier, the high heat generated by the laser is forced to change its dissipation path, mainly carried away vertically through the phase change process of material vaporization, rather than diffused laterally to the surrounding active coating. This physical-level heat lock-in effect accurately replicates the boundary constraints of the zero-velocity rigid wall in the virtual computing model in the real physical space, thereby constructing a closed-loop control system that can autonomously maintain the stability of the heat-affected zone without external sensor feedback, effectively solving the technical contradiction between high-power, high-efficiency cutting and low thermal damage control.

[0030] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in laser cutting of batteries, characterized in that, include: Parameter mapping and field construction steps: The parameter mapping encoding unit receives material property parameters and laser energy density instructions, converts the physical conditions into a fluid dynamics state vector, where the laser energy density is mapped to the shear stress of the virtual fluid, and the heat-affected zone boundary is mapped to a zero-velocity rigid wall as a flow constraint; and constructs a meshed virtual field isomorphic to the cutting path in the memory of the computing unit, and calculates the virtual strain characterizing the degree of heat diffusion based on the fluid dynamics state vector; Inverse thixotropic calculation steps: The thixotropic operator calculation unit monitors the virtual strain front in real time. When it is determined that the virtual strain front is approaching the zero-velocity rigid wall, the inverse thixotropic calculation logic is triggered. Based on the constraint condition of maintaining the boundary velocity at zero, the stress cancellation term for physically suppressing heat diffusion is solved in reverse. Dynamic tensor damping modulation steps: The dynamic tensor damper unit receives the stress cancellation term and converts the abstract value into a time-domain shaping instruction for the main laser pulse through a waveform modulation algorithm. The time-domain shaping instruction includes the main pulse waveform clipping parameters and the gap perturbation sequence parameters. MOPA execution steps: In response to the time-domain shaping command, the MOPA laser execution unit performs cutting while simultaneously using a perturbation signal to disrupt the plasma shielding layer to form a virtual cold ring with high thermal resistance.

2. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific logical configuration for converting physical conditions into fluid dynamics state vectors is as follows: The laser energy density is qualitatively mapped as the driving potential energy that propels the diffusion of virtual fluid in a virtual computing field; The thermal diffusivity of a material is qualitatively mapped to its basic viscosity, which represents the material's property of impeding heat flow. The parameter mapping encoding unit outputs a fluid dynamics state vector containing the driving potential energy, basic viscosity, and the definition of a zero-velocity rigid wall, to drive the evolution of the virtual field.

3. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of constructing a gridded virtual field and calculating virtual strain includes: In the memory of the FPGA or edge computing unit, a discretized viscoelastic model is established; the viscoelastic model is used to simulate the deformation and flow of fluid under the shear stress, and the deformation increment of each grid point in the virtual field at the current moment is calculated. The deformation increment is integrated to generate a virtual strain distribution state that is updated in real time, and this state is transmitted as a control input to the thixotropic operator calculation unit.

4. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific execution process of the inverse thixotropic calculation logic includes: In the mathematical model, the local viscosity parameter of the virtual fluid at the boundary is instantly adjusted to approach infinity in order to simulate the establishment of an absolute barrier; Based on the physical law in fluid mechanics that stress equals viscosity multiplied by strain rate, in order to maintain the fluid velocity at the boundary at zero, the required reverse force value is calculated when laser energy is used as driving potential energy. The numerical value of the reverse force is output as the stress cancellation term, which characterizes the reverse physical inhibition required to prevent heat diffusion across the allowable boundary of the heat-affected zone.

5. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process by which the dynamic tensor damper unit generates the peak-shaving parameters of the main pulse waveform based on the stress cancellation term includes: Real-time monitoring of the amplitude change of the stress compensation term; When the magnitude of the stress cancellation term increases, indicating that the virtual heat flow is about to break through the boundary, a microsecond-level truncation command is generated for the trailing edge of the current laser main pulse. The cutoff command is configured such that the cutoff amount is proportional to the amplitude of the stress relief term, thereby cutting off the pulsed heat tail that causes heat accumulation.

6. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process by which the dynamic tensor damper unit generates gap perturbation sequence parameters based on the stress cancellation term includes: Based on the frequency characteristics of the stress cancellation term, a high-frequency, low-energy perturbation pulse sequence is generated; The perturbation pulse sequence is inserted into the gap between two high-energy main cutting pulses, i.e., during the laser turn-off period; The perturbation pulse sequence is configured to disturb the local plasma cloud at the cut point during the main pulse interval, preventing secondary thermal radiation caused by plasma stagnation.

7. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone of battery laser cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The physical parameters of the perturbation pulse sequence are defined as follows: The energy density is below the material's vaporization threshold to ensure that the sequence does not produce substantial cutting or removal effects; The frequency resonates with the thermal relaxation frequency of the material lattice, so as to utilize the phonon scattering characteristics to destroy the steady-state plasma shielding layer.

8. The method for optimizing the heat-affected zone in battery laser cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, After executing the time-domain shaping command, the MOPA laser execution unit generates negative thermal hysteresis at the physical level, specifically manifested as follows: The microsecond-level truncation command reduces invalid heat input; The perturbation pulse sequence accelerates convective heat dissipation in the slit region; By forming a high thermal resistance virtual cold ring, like a dam, in the micro-region of the cutting edge, heat is forced to be carried away mainly through material vaporization rather than conducted inward, thereby achieving the control target of a zero-velocity rigid wall in virtual space in physical space.

Images