Blockchain-based strip material life cycle traceability and management method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on blockchain's strip material life cycle traceability and management method and system, for the technical field of ship material management.The present application generates unique digital identity when raw material large plate enters, packs and chains basic attribute, quality inspection hash, visual evidence, location information and operator digital signature;Automatic establish the parent-child relationship chain of raw material-strip-spare material when cutting processing;Material circulation and real-time acquisition multi-dimensional evidence and solidification are stored in the process of processing;Through smart contract, realize automatic check and abnormal alarm according to material balance relationship;Digitally identify and store management to available spare material, and complete whole life cycle verification through outsourcing return factory closed loop.The present application can realize strip material whole process tamper-proof traceability, data credible cross verification, loss accurate control and spare material efficient reuse, greatly improve material management efficiency and material utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ship material management, and in particular to a blockchain-based method and system for tracing and managing the lifecycle of bar materials. Background Technology

[0002] As a core basic material in shipbuilding, steel strips have a lifecycle encompassing multiple stages, including raw material entry, cutting and processing, transportation, deep processing, surplus material management, and return-to-factory verification. Currently, steel strip material management commonly suffers from problems such as fragmented data, difficulty in traceability, inaccurate verification, low utilization rate of surplus materials, and susceptibility to information tampering.

[0003] Currently, in shipbuilding, steel strips are typically obtained by cutting raw slabs. However, the process from the arrival of raw slabs to their selection is currently disorganized. Furthermore, the control over the leftover material after cutting is difficult, resulting in low utilization efficiency. Additionally, the lack of traceability of materials in the actual product and the inability to obtain complete information about the steel strips in a timely manner lead to an unclear relationship between steel strips, leftover material, and the mother slab, resulting in low utilization of leftover material and significant resource waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a blockchain-based method and system for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials, which can solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] On the one hand, a blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials is provided, which includes: Step S1: When the raw material slab enters the warehouse, acquire multi-dimensional evidence information including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and operator digital signature, generate a unique digital identity for the raw material slab, and submit the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information to the blockchain network for storage. Step S2: During the cutting and processing of the raw material plate, the cutting process data is acquired in real time, and digital identity identifiers of strips and available scraps are automatically generated based on the output results. At the same time, the parent-child relationship chain between the raw material plate and the strips and scraps is established and recorded to the blockchain. Step S3: When the strip or scrap material undergoes a location transfer including leaving and entering the site, obtain the transfer evidence including the bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and the operator's digital signature, and submit the transfer evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strip or scrap material. Step S4: When processing strips or scraps, real-time data on processing, output, and loss are collected, and the smart contract is invoked to automatically compare raw material consumption with output results according to preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence. Step S5: During the cutting or deep processing, identify the available scrap material generated, generate a new digital identity for the scrap material that meets the preset threshold, record its parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain.

[0007] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes: The attribute information of the raw material slabs is obtained through the data acquisition terminal; The physical parameters of the raw material slabs are automatically obtained through metering equipment; Calculate the hash value of the quality inspection information as evidence for storage; Acquire visual evidence containing timestamps and location tags using image acquisition devices; and The operator's digital signature is packaged together with the collected information, and then written into the distributed ledger after consensus verification.

[0008] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the raw material slab to be processed before cutting; Process parameters are automatically collected from the processing equipment, and visual evidence of the processing process is obtained through image acquisition equipment; After cutting, a digital identity identifier for the produced strip is generated based on the nesting information; The system automatically identifies available surplus materials and generates temporary identifiers based on preset surplus material determination criteria. Obtain the weight information of waste materials through weighing equipment; and The digital identity of raw materials is packaged with the identification of produced strips, residual material identification, waste material information and process data storage information and put on the blockchain to establish and record parent-child relationships.

[0009] Preferably, the preset residual material determination conditions include size conditions or weight conditions, and the conditions are dynamically configured according to the material type or process requirements.

[0010] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes: The digital identification of materials to be transferred is acquired in batches through the data acquisition terminal to generate a material list; Enter destination information, which includes the type of destination and recipient information; Visual evidence of material flow status is obtained through image acquisition devices, along with location information during the flow; and After obtaining the operator's digital signature, the transfer time, bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence hash value, and location information are packaged and uploaded to the blockchain to update the material status.

[0011] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the materials to be consumed before processing; Visual evidence of the processing is obtained through image acquisition equipment according to a preset strategy, and quality inspection data is obtained through inspection equipment. After processing, obtain the digital identity information of the finished product and associate it with the information of the raw materials consumed; The weight of the waste material is obtained by weighing equipment, and the newly generated usable waste material is identified according to the waste material judgment conditions, and a digital identity identifier for the waste material is generated. The smart contract automatically calculates the loss rate based on the write-off rules; if it exceeds a preset threshold, an anomaly is triggered. Pack raw material identification, finished product identification, waste information, surplus material identification, and write-off conclusions onto the blockchain and update the material status.

[0012] Preferably, the write-off rule is based on a material balance relationship, which is: Total weight of raw materials = Total weight of finished products + Weight of scrap + Weight of surplus materials + Reasonable loss; and The loss rate threshold is dynamically configured based on the material type or process requirements.

[0013] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes: Obtain the shape, size, and weight data of the scrap material; Visual evidence of leftover materials is obtained through image acquisition equipment, along with information on their storage location. The smart contract automatically generates new digital identities for surplus materials that meet preset conditions, inheriting the attribute information of the original template; and Pack the surplus material identifier, source material identifier, visual evidence hash value, location information, and attribute information onto the blockchain, and update the surplus material status to available inventory.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a closed-loop process for return-to-factory verification, specifically including: When materials that have been processed by outsourcing are returned to the factory, an entry confirmation is performed to obtain the digital identification of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information. The smart contract automatically retrieves the batch of materials' exit records and processing verification records, and compares the returned materials with the expected results to identify any discrepancies. Update the material status based on the comparison results, and trigger an anomaly when the deviation exceeds the limit; and By packaging and uploading return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and anomaly records to the blockchain, a closed loop in the material lifecycle is completed.

[0015] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a system for implementing the blockchain-based strip material lifecycle traceability and management method described above, comprising: The raw material entry coding and storage module is used to acquire multi-dimensional evidence information, including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and operator digital signature, when the raw material plate enters the warehouse. It generates a unique digital identity for the raw material plate and submits the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information to the blockchain network for storage. The parent-child relationship management module for cutting and processing is used to acquire cutting process data in real time during the cutting and processing of raw material slabs, and automatically generate digital identity identifiers for strips and available scraps based on the output results. At the same time, it establishes and records the parent-child relationship chain between the raw material slabs, strips, and scraps to the blockchain. The material flow management module is used to acquire flow evidence containing a bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and operator digital signature when strips or scraps undergo location transfers including leaving and entering the site, and submit the flow evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strips or scraps. The processing verification module is used to collect processing data, output data and loss data in real time when processing strips or scraps. It calls the smart contract to automatically compare the raw material consumption and output results according to the preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence. The scrap material regeneration management module is used to identify usable scrap materials generated during the cutting or processing process, generate new digital identity identifiers for scrap materials that meet the preset threshold, record their parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain. The blockchain consensus and evidence storage module is used to receive data packets submitted by each module, and write them into the distributed ledger after consensus verification to achieve immutable data storage. The smart contract execution module is used to pre-configure reconciliation rules, surplus material judgment thresholds, and loss rate thresholds, and automatically complete material reconciliation calculations, deviation comparisons, and anomaly triggering; and The return-to-factory verification closed-loop module is used to perform entry confirmation when materials processed outside the factory are returned to the factory, obtain the unique digital identity of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information; call the smart contract to automatically retrieve the batch of materials' exit records and processing verification records, compare the deviation of the returned materials with the expected results; update the material status according to the comparison results, and trigger an anomaly alarm when the deviation exceeds the limit; package the return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and anomaly records onto the blockchain to complete the closed loop of the material lifecycle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By using blockchain, multi-dimensional evidence is stored for all stages of raw material entry, cutting and processing, circulation and transportation, deep processing, surplus material management and return to the factory for verification. Once the data is on the chain, it cannot be tampered with, forming a complete and verifiable traceability chain, which fundamentally solves the problems of data dispersion, traceability difficulties and easy information falsification in traditional management.

[0017] Meanwhile, by automatically establishing a parent-child relationship chain between raw material slabs, strips, and scrap materials during the cutting and processing stage, every strip and every scrap material can be accurately traced back to the parent slab, realizing full-chain correlation of materials from raw materials to finished products and significantly improving the accuracy of material management. Furthermore, it can effectively address current issues in shipbuilding production such as data dispersion, difficulty in traceability, inaccurate write-offs, low utilization rate of scrap materials, and easy information tampering during the use of strip materials. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for a blockchain-based strip material lifecycle traceability and management method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a blockchain-based strip material lifecycle traceability and management system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] In the picture: 100. Raw material entry coding and storage module; 110. Cutting and processing parent-child relationship management module; 120. Material flow management module; 130. Processing verification module; 140. Surplus material regeneration management module; 150. Blockchain consensus storage module; 160. Smart contract execution module; 170. Return-to-factory verification closed-loop module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems solved by this application, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials, which can effectively improve the problems of data dispersion, difficulty in tracing, inaccurate write-off, low utilization rate of surplus materials, and easy tampering of information in the current shipbuilding process.

[0025] Specifically, the blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials provided in this disclosure includes the following steps.

[0026] First, in step S1, when the raw material slab enters the warehouse, multi-dimensional evidence information including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and the operator's digital signature is obtained to generate a unique digital identity for the raw material slab, and the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information is submitted to the blockchain network for storage.

[0027] Specifically, the purpose of step S1 is to generate a unique and tamper-proof blockchain digital identity for each raw material slab, which is equivalent to creating a "digital passport" for the material in the physical world. This identity will be used throughout the entire life cycle of the material, becoming the unique index and link for all subsequent operations (cutting, circulation, processing, and verification).

[0028] It should be noted that step S1 may include the following execution steps.

[0029] Step S101: Obtain the attribute information of the raw material plate through the data acquisition terminal, and automatically obtain the physical parameters of the raw material plate through the metering device.

[0030] Understandably, step S101 is used for collecting basic information about the materials.

[0031] For example, the furnace number, batch number, material, specifications, supplier, and arrival time of the raw material slabs can be collected by scanning with a PDA (industrial handheld terminal or data acquisition device) or by manual input. Simultaneously, the weight and dimensions of the slabs can be automatically acquired using a weighbridge or length measuring instrument to ensure the accuracy of the original data. However, this is not the only option; the specific method for collecting the raw material slab's attribute information can be determined based on actual needs.

[0032] Step S102: Calculate the hash value of the quality inspection information as evidence.

[0033] Understandably, step S102 is used for the notarization of quality inspection information. For example, the quality inspection information can be set on a quality inspection report file. The quality inspection report file can be uploaded to the system, the system calculates its hash value, and uses the hash value as the notarization basis. It should be noted that the quality inspection report hash algorithm uses SHA-256.

[0034] Step S103: Obtain visual evidence containing timestamps and location tags using an image acquisition device. Specifically, the operator can use a PDA to take at least two photos of the large board, including a panoramic image and a partial identification image. Simultaneously, timestamps and GPS coordinate information are automatically added to the photos, and the resolution of the photos must be higher than 1080P. The photos can be uploaded to the system, where the system calculates their hash value and uses the hash value as evidence.

[0035] Step S104: Package the operator's digital signature together with the collected information, and write it into the distributed ledger after consensus verification.

[0036] Specifically, after the operator signs and confirms all the above information using their personal digital certificate, the material ID, basic attributes, quality inspection hash, photo hash, operator signature, timestamp, GPS coordinates, etc., can be packaged into a data block and submitted to the blockchain network. Blockchain nodes verify the data through a consensus mechanism (such as PBFT) and write it into the distributed ledger, completing the creation of the board's digital identity. The number of consensus nodes must be greater than or equal to four. Packaging the above multi-dimensional evidence onto the chain, verifying it through consensus, and then writing it into the distributed ledger ensures that the incoming data possesses the characteristics of being tamper-proof, traceable, and verifiable from the source.

[0037] Specifically, by combining multi-dimensional evidence such as basic data, quality inspection hashes, visual evidence, and digital signatures, a complete chain of evidence can be constructed. Even if data in a single dimension is tampered with, evidence from other dimensions can cross-verify, significantly increasing the cost of forgery. Simultaneously, by using physical photographs containing timestamps and GPS data, the true state (appearance, identification, location) of physical materials is bound to their digital identities, ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between on-chain digital assets and off-chain physical entities. Furthermore, by using the operator's digital signature, data operations are linked to specific responsible parties, leaving a trace of accountability for any data uploaded to the blockchain.

[0038] Understandably, once data is uploaded to the blockchain, it gains consensus authentication from the blockchain network. Whether the data flows to the internal MES, the external supplier's system, or the customer's query terminal, its authenticity can be directly verified without relying on the endorsement of a centralized institution. Compared to traditional solutions, external suppliers often maintain a skeptical attitude towards the material data provided by the company, requiring manual verification. Through the blockchain consensus mechanism in step S1, cross-entity data trust is achieved.

[0039] Step S2: During the cutting and processing of the raw material slab, the cutting process data is acquired in real time, and digital identity identifiers of strips and available scraps are automatically generated based on the output results. At the same time, the parent-child relationship chain between the raw material slab, strips, and scraps is established and recorded to the blockchain.

[0040] Specifically, the purpose of step S2 is to use blockchain technology to lay the foundation for subsequent full-process traceability, surplus material management, and automatic write-off at the point where the physical form of the raw material slab changes.

[0041] It should be noted that step S2 may include the following execution steps.

[0042] Step S201: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the raw material plate to be processed before cutting. Before cutting, the operator can scan the code to bind the ID of the plate to be processed, and the system will record the binding time.

[0043] Step S202 involves automatically collecting process parameters from the processing equipment and obtaining visual evidence of the processing process through an image acquisition device. Step S202 is used in the raw material plate cutting process, and the PLC of the cutting equipment can automatically report the cutting start time, end time, and real-time process parameters (such as cutting speed, cutting current, and cutting temperature). Simultaneously, at key cutting nodes, a fixed camera must capture video clips longer than 10 seconds and upload the video hash.

[0044] Understandably, step S202 can make the cutting process transparent through "high-frequency process parameters" and "visual evidence," and solidify this evidence on the blockchain to provide real and complete data support for subsequent quality traceability, responsibility definition, and process optimization.

[0045] Step S203: After cutting is completed, a digital identity identifier for the produced strip is generated based on the nesting information; and a temporary identifier is generated based on the preset residual material judgment conditions.

[0046] Specifically, after the raw material slab is cut, the system can automatically generate an ID for each strip based on the results output by the nesting software, and record its theoretical weight and dimensions. Simultaneously, the system automatically identifies usable scrap generated during the cutting process based on a preset scrap judgment threshold. For scrap that meets the threshold, the system can also generate a scrap ID and record its parent slab ID, shape description, and dimensional data.

[0047] It should be noted that the preset conditions for determining surplus material include size conditions or weight conditions, which are dynamically configured according to the material type or process requirements.

[0048] Understandably, by establishing a corresponding entity in the digital world for each strip of material produced from the physical world's cutting process, subsequent inventory management, flow tracking, and processing verification have precise operational targets, effectively avoiding the chaotic state of "unclaimed outputs and untraceable records." In the traditional model, leftover materials are either directly treated as waste or manually visually registered, resulting in serious omissions and errors. Step S203 enables automated capture of leftover materials, ensuring that every piece of standard-compliant leftover material is promptly identified and included in the management scope, providing the data prerequisite for subsequent leftover material recycling (step S5).

[0049] Step S204: Obtain the weight information of the waste material through a weighing device. For example, the total weight of the waste material is automatically obtained by a weighing sensor on the waste conveyor belt for subsequent loss calculation.

[0050] Step S205: Package the digital identity of the raw material with the identification of the produced strip, the identification of the surplus material, the waste material information and the process data storage information and put them on the blockchain to establish and record the parent-child relationship.

[0051] Specifically, the raw material slab ID can be packaged with the list of produced strip IDs, the list of scrap IDs, the weight of waste materials, process data hashes, video hashes, etc., to generate a new block. The blockchain records the parent-child relationship of "slab ID → [strip ID1, strip ID2, ...] + [scrap ID1]", ensuring that every strip and every piece of scrap material can be traced back to its parent slab.

[0052] It is important to note that in step S2, the residual material judgment threshold can be dynamically configured according to the material type and subsequent process requirements, with a default value of minimum side length ≥ 300mm. Simultaneously, the sampling frequency for process parameters such as cutting speed and temperature is ≥ 1 time / second. Furthermore, the video hash algorithm uses SHA-256.

[0053] Step S3: When the strip or scrap material undergoes a location transfer including leaving and entering the site, obtain the transfer evidence containing the bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and the operator's digital signature, and submit the transfer evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strip or scrap material.

[0054] Specifically, step S3 occurs when strips or scraps are removed from the warehouse and enter the subsequent processing stage. When strips or scraps leave the warehouse and are sent to outsourced processing plants, internal workshops, or CNC machines, step S3 records every physical movement on the blockchain by collecting the material list, destination information, visual evidence, GPS location, and operator signature, allowing managers to keep track of the flow and location status of materials in real time.

[0055] It should be noted that step S3 may include the following execution steps.

[0056] Step S301: Obtain the digital identity identifiers of the materials to be transferred in batches through the data acquisition terminal and generate a material list.

[0057] Step S302: Enter destination information, which includes the type of destination and the recipient information.

[0058] Step S303: Obtain visual evidence of the material flow status through an image acquisition device, and obtain the location information during the flow.

[0059] Step S304: After obtaining the operator's digital signature, package the transfer time, bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence hash value and location information onto the blockchain and update the material status.

[0060] For example, in one embodiment, during the material leaving stage, multi-dimensional information about the material's departure is collected and uploaded to the blockchain. Specifically, the materials provided in this disclosure include strips or leftover materials used for processing.

[0061] Specifically, when strips or scrap materials need to leave the strip production line (to external suppliers, internal workshops, or CNC cutting machines), an outgoing operation is performed. First, the bill of materials is confirmed, including the operator using a PDA to scan the IDs of the materials to be shipped (supporting simultaneous scanning of multiple QR codes / RFID tags), and the system automatically generates a list of outgoing material IDs. Second, the destination information of the materials is entered, including selecting the destination type (outsourced, internal normal, internal CNC) on the PDA and entering the recipient information (outsourced supplier name / workshop name / machine number). If it is outsourced, carrier information, vehicle license plate number, and estimated arrival time also need to be entered. Third, visual and location evidence is collected for the materials, including the operator taking photos of the materials being loaded onto the truck (at least two photos showing the material stacking status and the truck's environment). Simultaneously, if there are seals, the seal number is entered, and a photo of the seal is taken; the PDA also automatically records the GPS coordinates at the time of departure. Finally, the operator signs and uploads the data to the blockchain. This includes the operator's digital signature, and then packaging and uploading the exit time, material ID list, destination, carrier information, photo hash, GPS coordinates, seal number, etc. to the blockchain. The material status is then updated to "outsourced in transit" or "internal transfer in progress".

[0062] It is important to note that during the outbound operation, loading photos must clearly show material identification and the loading scene. Additionally, the estimated arrival time error should be ≤1 hour; failure to arrive on time and without confirmation of receipt will trigger an alert. Furthermore, the GPS coordinate recording time must be synchronized with the departure time.

[0063] Furthermore, when materials arrive at the site, multi-dimensional information verification and status updates of the materials are required.

[0064] Specifically, upon arrival of materials at their destination, the recipient must confirm entry, thus forming a closed loop. For example, firstly, the material list is checked, including scanning the list of outgoing material IDs using the recipient's PDA; the system automatically retrieves the outgoing records for that batch of materials. Secondly, receiving information is collected, including taking at least two photos of the received materials (showing their condition after unloading); the PDA automatically obtains the GPS coordinates of the receiving location. If environmental requirements exist (such as temperature and humidity), environmental data is recorded using sensors. Thirdly, a status check is performed, including the operator inspecting the material's appearance; if damage, quantity discrepancies, or other anomalies are found, the anomaly type is recorded on the PDA and a photo is taken. Finally, the recipient signs and uploads the data to the blockchain, including digital signature by the recipient, packaging the receiving time, photo hash, GPS coordinates, environmental data, and anomaly records, and updating the material status to "Arrived" or "Received (Abnormal)".

[0065] It is important to note that during the entry operation, the deviation threshold between the GPS positioning and the exit GPS should be ≤50 kilometers. If the deviation is too large and there is no reasonable explanation, it is considered abnormal. Simultaneously, environmental sensor data should be collected at a frequency of ≥1 time / minute and continuously recorded until confirmed to be accurate.

[0066] Step S4: When processing strips or scraps, real-time data on processing, output, and loss are collected. The smart contract is invoked to automatically compare raw material consumption with output results according to preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence.

[0067] Specifically, in step S4, when deep processing of strips or scraps (such as outsourced processing or internal CNC cutting) is carried out, processing data, output data and loss data are collected in real time to make the originally closed processing site transparent. Managers can remotely monitor the processing progress and quality to ensure that the processing process is real and standardized.

[0068] It should be noted that step S4 may include the following execution steps.

[0069] Step S401: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the material to be consumed before processing. The operator can bind the material ID (strip or scrap) to be consumed by scanning the code.

[0070] Step S402 involves acquiring visual evidence of the processing procedure using an image acquisition device according to a preset strategy, and acquiring quality inspection data using an inspection device. Step S402 is used to acquire processing procedure data, including photos captured by a fixed-point camera at key processes (at least once every 30 minutes) or short videos uploaded; quality inspection data automatically uploaded by inspection instruments (such as dimensional measurement results and flaw detection results); and automatic recording of the operator, equipment ID, and process start or end time.

[0071] Step S403: After processing is completed, the digital identity information of the finished product is obtained and associated with the information of the consumed raw materials. Specifically, this includes the operator scanning a code to report the ID / quantity of the finished product (such as welded parts), and the system automatically associating it with the ID of the consumed raw materials.

[0072] Step S404: Obtain the weight of the waste material using a weighing sensor. The weight of the waste material is obtained through a weighing device, and newly generated usable waste material is identified based on waste material determination criteria, generating a digital identification identifier for the waste material.

[0073] In step S405, the smart contract automatically calculates the loss rate according to the write-off rules. If the loss rate exceeds a preset threshold, an anomaly is triggered. It is important to note that the write-off rules are based on a material balance relationship, where the material balance relationship is: Total weight of raw materials = Total weight of finished products + Weight of scrap + Weight of surplus materials + Reasonable loss; and the loss rate threshold is dynamically configured according to the material type or process requirements.

[0074] Step S5: During the cutting or deep processing, identify the available scrap material generated, generate a new digital identity for the scrap material that meets the preset threshold, record its parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain.

[0075] Specifically, raw material identifiers, finished product identifiers, waste information, surplus material identifiers, and verification conclusions can be packaged and uploaded to the blockchain to update the material status. The consumed raw material ID, finished product ID, waste weight, surplus material ID, loss rate, verification conclusion, process data hash, etc., are packaged and uploaded to the blockchain, the raw material status is updated to "verified", and the finished product and surplus material obtain a new digital identity (inheriting the batch attributes of the raw material).

[0076] For example, for leftover materials generated in processes such as CNC cutting machines, a regeneration and warehousing process is required. This specifically includes: Obtain the shape, size, and weight data of the scrap material; Visual evidence of leftover materials is obtained through image acquisition equipment, along with information on their storage location. The smart contract automatically generates new digital identities for surplus materials that meet preset conditions, and inherits the attribute information of the motherboard; and Pack the surplus material identifier, source material identifier, visual evidence hash value, location information, and attribute information onto the blockchain, and update the surplus material status to available inventory.

[0077] For example, the system obtains the shape, size, and theoretical weight of the surplus material based on the calculation results of the nesting software or manual measurement. Surplus material that meets the preset threshold is marked as "usable surplus material". The operator takes photos of the surplus material (at least 2 photos, showing the outline and identification of the surplus material) and scans the barcode to record the storage location, thereby visually recording the surplus material.

[0078] Furthermore, the smart contract automatically generates a new unique ID for the scrap material (format: motherboard ID + "-YL" + sequence number), inheriting the batch attributes of the motherboard (furnace number, material, supplier, etc.). At the same time, the blockchain records the parent-child relationship of "motherboard ID → scrap material ID", thereby realizing the digital identity generation of the scrap material.

[0079] Finally, the surplus materials are put into the blockchain, including packaging the surplus material ID, motherboard ID, photo hash, storage location, size data, generation time, operator signature, etc., and updating the surplus material status to "available inventory", so that subsequent work orders can use it first.

[0080] In one embodiment, the blockchain-based strip material lifecycle traceability and management method provided in this disclosure further includes a return-to-factory verification closed-loop step, specifically including: When materials that have been processed by outsourcing are returned to the factory, an entry confirmation is performed to obtain the digital identification of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information. The smart contract automatically retrieves the batch of materials' exit records and processing verification records, and compares the returned materials with the expected results to identify any discrepancies. Update the material status based on the comparison results, and trigger an anomaly when the deviation exceeds the limit; and By packaging and uploading return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and anomaly records to the blockchain, a closed loop in the material lifecycle is completed.

[0081] Understandably, based on the aforementioned publicly available blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials, high-density data collection and blockchain-based evidence storage have been achieved throughout the entire process, from the entry of raw material slabs to final consumption or return to the factory.

[0082] By automatically establishing the lineage between large plates, strips, and scrap materials during the cutting process, this method ensures that every piece of scrap material is traceable back to the parent plate. Simultaneously, it automatically identifies usable scrap materials based on preset thresholds and generates new IDs, transforming scrap into visible assets and improving material utilization. By forcibly collecting multi-dimensional information such as photos, GPS data, seals, and signatures during each material transfer, data credibility is enhanced, and false declarations are prevented. Furthermore, by connecting the strip material production line's MES with the CNC cutting machine's nesting software via blockchain, closed-loop management of whole-sheet allocation, cutting verification, and scrap material recycling is achieved, solving the data gap problem of traditional methods. Therefore, this method is applicable to processing scenarios for various strip materials (such as flat iron, section steel, and aluminum), and is particularly suitable for enterprises with outsourced processing, multi-workshop collaboration, and scrap material recycling needs.

[0083] Based on this, please refer to Figure 2 This disclosure also provides a system for implementing a blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials in any of the above embodiments.

[0084] Specifically, the system disclosed herein includes a raw material entry coding and storage module 100, a cutting and processing parent-child relationship management module 110, a material flow management module 120, a processing verification module 130, a surplus material regeneration management module 140, a blockchain consensus storage module 150, a smart contract execution module 160, and a return-to-factory verification closed-loop module 170.

[0085] The raw material entry coding and evidence storage module 100 is used to obtain multi-dimensional evidence information, including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and operator digital signature, when the raw material plate enters the warehouse. It generates a unique digital identity for the raw material plate and submits the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information to the blockchain network for evidence storage.

[0086] The parent-child relationship management module 110 for cutting and processing is used to acquire cutting process data in real time during the cutting and processing of raw material slabs, and automatically generate digital identity identifiers for strips and available scraps based on the output results. At the same time, it establishes and records the parent-child relationship chain between raw material slabs, strips, and scraps to the blockchain.

[0087] The material flow management module 120 is used to obtain flow evidence including a bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and operator digital signature when strips or scraps undergo location transfers including leaving and entering the site, and submit the flow evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strips or scraps.

[0088] The processing verification module 130 is used to collect processing data, output data and loss data in real time when processing strips or scraps, and call the smart contract to automatically compare the raw material consumption and output results according to the preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence.

[0089] The scrap material regeneration management module 140 is used to identify the available scrap materials generated during the cutting or processing process, generate new digital identity identifiers for scrap materials that meet the preset threshold, record their parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain.

[0090] The blockchain consensus and evidence storage module 150 is used to receive data packets submitted by each module, and write them into the distributed ledger after consensus verification, so as to achieve immutable data storage.

[0091] The smart contract execution module 160 is used to pre-configure reconciliation rules, surplus material judgment thresholds, and loss rate thresholds, automatically completing material reconciliation calculations, deviation comparisons, and anomaly triggering. The return-to-factory verification closed-loop module 170 is used to perform entry confirmation when materials processed outside the factory are returned to the factory, obtain the unique digital identity of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information; call the smart contract to automatically retrieve the exit record and processing verification record of the batch of materials, compare the deviation of the returned materials with the expected results; update the material status according to the comparison results, and trigger an abnormal alarm when the deviation exceeds the limit; package the return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and abnormal records onto the blockchain to complete the closed loop of the material life cycle.

[0092] In summary, this disclosure provides a blockchain-based method and system for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials. By using blockchain, multi-dimensional evidence is stored throughout the entire process, from raw material entry, cutting and processing, transportation, deep processing, surplus material management, and return-to-factory verification. Once data is uploaded to the blockchain, it cannot be tampered with, forming a complete and verifiable traceability chain. This fundamentally solves the problems of scattered data, difficult traceability, and easy falsification of information in traditional management. Simultaneously, by automatically establishing a parent-child relationship chain between raw material slabs, strips, and surplus materials during the cutting and processing stage, every strip and every piece of surplus material can be accurately traced back to the parent slab, achieving full-chain correlation of materials from raw materials to finished products and significantly improving the accuracy of material management.

[0093] By establishing a multi-dimensional evidence system through basic attributes, quality inspection hashes, visual evidence, GPS location, and operator digital signatures, the system achieves strong binding between physical materials and digital identities, and between operational behaviors and responsible persons, preventing false data and human tampering, and meeting the data trust needs in cross-entity and outsourced scenarios. Furthermore, based on material balance relationships, smart contracts automatically calculate and compare raw material consumption, finished product output, waste and surplus materials, and loss rates. Automatic alarms are triggered when thresholds are exceeded, replacing manual calculations, improving reimbursement efficiency and accuracy, and reducing material waste and cost losses.

[0094] The system mandates the collection of visual evidence, location information, and responsible personnel signatures at all stages of material flow, including outbound, inbound, outsourced, and return processes. It updates material status in real time, ensuring traceable transportation routes and early warnings for anomalies, effectively preventing risks such as material loss, misdelivery, and out-of-bounds distribution. A return-to-factory verification mechanism automatically compares the quantity and weight discrepancies between outbound and returned materials, forming a complete closed loop. This addresses the pain points of difficult supervision of outsourced processing and opaque verification, ensuring complete, standardized, and controllable material lifecycle management.

[0095] In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and have no special meaning.

[0096] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0097] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0098] The technical principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of this application without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based method for tracing and managing the lifecycle of strip materials, characterized in that, include: Step S1: When the raw material slab enters the warehouse, acquire multi-dimensional evidence information including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and operator digital signature, generate a unique digital identity for the raw material slab, and submit the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information to the blockchain network for storage. Step S2: During the cutting and processing of the raw material plate, the cutting process data is acquired in real time, and digital identity identifiers of strips and available scraps are automatically generated based on the output results. At the same time, the parent-child relationship chain between the raw material plate and the strips and scraps is established and recorded to the blockchain. Step S3: When the strip or scrap material undergoes a location transfer including leaving and entering the site, obtain the transfer evidence including the bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and the operator's digital signature, and submit the transfer evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strip or scrap material. Step S4: When processing strips or scraps, real-time data on processing, output, and loss are collected, and the smart contract is invoked to automatically compare raw material consumption with output results according to preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence. Step S5: During the cutting or deep processing, identify the available scrap material generated, generate a new digital identity for the scrap material that meets the preset threshold, record its parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain.

2. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: The attribute information of the raw material slabs is obtained through the data acquisition terminal; The physical parameters of the raw material slabs are automatically obtained through metering equipment; Calculate the hash value of the quality inspection information as evidence for storage; Acquire visual evidence containing timestamps and location tags using image acquisition devices; and The operator's digital signature is packaged together with the collected information, and then written into the distributed ledger after consensus verification.

3. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the raw material slab to be processed before cutting; Process parameters are automatically collected from the processing equipment, and visual evidence of the processing process is obtained through image acquisition equipment; After cutting, a digital identity identifier for the produced strip is generated based on the nesting information; The system automatically identifies available surplus materials and generates temporary identifiers based on preset surplus material determination criteria. Obtain the weight information of waste materials through weighing equipment; and The digital identity of raw materials is packaged with the identification of produced strips, residual material identification, waste material information and process data storage information and put on the blockchain to establish and record parent-child relationships.

4. The blockchain-based method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset residual material determination conditions include size conditions or weight conditions, which are dynamically configured according to material type or process requirements.

5. The blockchain-based method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: The digital identification of materials to be transferred is acquired in batches through the data acquisition terminal to generate a material list; Enter destination information, which includes the type of destination and recipient information; Visual evidence of material flow status is obtained through image acquisition devices, along with location information during the flow; and After obtaining the operator's digital signature, the transfer time, bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence hash value, and location information are packaged and uploaded to the blockchain to update the material status.

6. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: Obtain the digital identity binding information of the materials to be consumed before processing; Visual evidence of the processing is obtained through image acquisition equipment according to a preset strategy, and quality inspection data is obtained through inspection equipment. After processing, obtain the digital identity information of the finished product and associate it with the information of the raw materials consumed; The weight of the waste material is obtained by weighing equipment, and the newly generated usable waste material is identified according to the waste material judgment conditions, and a digital identity identifier for the waste material is generated. The smart contract automatically calculates the loss rate based on the write-off rules; if it exceeds a preset threshold, an anomaly is triggered. Pack raw material identification, finished product identification, waste information, surplus material identification, and write-off conclusions onto the blockchain and update the material status.

7. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The write-off rules are based on the material balance relationship, which is: Total weight of raw materials = Total weight of finished products + Weight of scrap + Weight of surplus materials + Reasonable losses; and The loss rate threshold is dynamically configured based on the material type or process requirements.

8. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: Obtain the shape, size, and weight data of the scrap material; Visual evidence of leftover materials is obtained through image acquisition equipment, along with information on their storage location. The smart contract automatically generates new digital identities for surplus materials that meet preset conditions, inheriting the attribute information of the original template; and Pack the surplus material identifier, source material identifier, visual evidence hash value, location information, and attribute information onto the blockchain, and update the surplus material status to available inventory.

9. The method for lifecycle traceability and management of strip materials based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a closed-loop process for returning the product to the factory for verification, specifically including: When materials that have been processed by outsourcing are returned to the factory, an entry confirmation is performed to obtain the digital identification of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information. The smart contract automatically retrieves the batch of materials' exit records and processing verification records, and compares the returned materials with the expected results to identify any discrepancies. Update the material status based on the comparison results, and trigger an anomaly when the deviation exceeds the limit; and By packaging and uploading return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and anomaly records to the blockchain, a closed loop in the material lifecycle is completed.

10. A system for implementing the blockchain-based strip material lifecycle traceability and management method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The raw material entry coding and storage module is used to acquire multi-dimensional evidence information, including basic attribute information, quality inspection information, visual evidence information and operator digital signature, when the raw material plate enters the warehouse. It generates a unique digital identity for the raw material plate and submits the data packet containing the digital identity and multi-dimensional evidence information to the blockchain network for storage. The parent-child relationship management module for cutting and processing is used to acquire cutting process data in real time during the cutting and processing of raw material slabs, and automatically generate digital identity identifiers for strips and available scraps based on the output results. At the same time, it establishes and records the parent-child relationship chain between the raw material slabs, strips, and scraps to the blockchain. The material flow management module is used to acquire flow evidence containing a bill of materials, destination information, visual evidence, location information and operator digital signature when strips or scraps undergo location transfers including leaving and entering the site, and submit the flow evidence to the blockchain network for storage, while updating the material status of the corresponding strips or scraps. The processing verification module is used to collect processing data, output data and loss data in real time when processing strips or scraps. It calls the smart contract to automatically compare the raw material consumption and output results according to the preset verification rules. If the preset threshold is exceeded, an abnormal alarm is triggered, and the verification results and abnormal records are stored on the blockchain for evidence. The scrap material regeneration management module is used to identify usable scrap materials generated during the cutting or processing process, generate new digital identity identifiers for scrap materials that meet the preset threshold, record their parent-child relationship with the mother board and inventory information, and store the relevant information on the blockchain. The blockchain consensus and evidence storage module is used to receive data packets submitted by each module, and write them into the distributed ledger after consensus verification to achieve immutable data storage. The smart contract execution module is used to pre-configure reconciliation rules, surplus material judgment thresholds, and loss rate thresholds, and automatically complete material reconciliation calculations, deviation comparisons, and anomaly triggering; and The return-to-factory verification closed-loop module is used to perform entry confirmation when materials processed outside the factory are returned to the factory, obtain the unique digital identity of the returned materials, visual evidence of receipt, and location information; call the smart contract to automatically retrieve the batch of materials' exit records and processing verification records, compare the deviation of the returned materials with the expected results; update the material status according to the comparison results, and trigger an anomaly alarm when the deviation exceeds the limit; package the return-to-factory receipt information, comparison results, and anomaly records onto the blockchain to complete the closed loop of the material lifecycle.

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