A method for quickly drawing electrical design drawings of a distributed photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The present application relates to photovoltaic power generation design technical field, specifically to a kind of distributed photovoltaic power station electrical design drawing fast drawing method, comprising: obtaining the field area geographic information data of target power station, photovoltaic module, inverter, junction box and grid access point etc.Basic design data;Site grading analysis is carried out to field area geographic information data, and elevation data is obtained, and the main equipment material list is obtained by type selection matching to various equipment parameters;Based on elevation data, equipment list and basic data, call preset electrical design knowledge graph to generate design logic tree containing component arrangement, group string connection, inverter configuration and grounding system connection logic;Design logic parameterization mapping generates drawing control parameter set;According to the set, data filling and graphic automatic layout are carried out on the preset drawing template, and initial version electrical design drawing is generated.The method can efficiently complete drawing, solve the problem of low efficiency and unstable quality of traditional design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation design technology, and in particular to a method for rapidly generating electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations. Background Technology

[0002] The creation of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic (PV) power stations is a crucial task in the early stages of power station construction. Based on fundamental data such as site geographic information, PV modules, inverters, combiner boxes, and grid connection points, the drawings must complete core design elements including PV module layout, string connections, inverter configuration, and grounding system connections, ultimately forming compliant electrical design drawings. Currently, the creation of electrical design drawings for distributed PV power stations largely employs a traditional manual design approach. Designers must first manually collect and organize various basic design data, then use specialized software to analyze site flatness and equipment selection, and finally rely on their personal experience to refine the design logic and create the drawings.

[0003] In traditional design models, site flatness analysis and equipment selection rely on the professional skills and experience of designers, which can easily lead to problems such as elevation data errors and equipment parameter mismatches. The design logic lacks systematic support, requiring designers to manually input basic data for derivation, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to logical confusion and omissions of key design steps due to differences in experience. In the drawing stage, the design logic needs to be manually converted into drawing parameters and manually filled into the drawing template, which is not only labor-intensive, but also prone to problems such as unreasonable graphic layout and incorrect parameter labeling, resulting in long drawing cycles and unstable drawing quality, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale and rapid construction of distributed photovoltaic power stations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and propose a method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations, comprising: Acquire basic design data for the target distributed photovoltaic power station, including site geographic information data, photovoltaic module technical parameters, inverter technical parameters, combiner box technical parameters, and grid connection point technical parameters; The site flatness analysis and processing are performed on the geographic information data of the site area to obtain the elevation data of the photovoltaic module installation area. The equipment selection and matching processing is performed on the technical parameters of the photovoltaic module, inverter, combiner box and grid connection point to obtain the main equipment and material list. Based on the elevation data, the main equipment and material list, and the basic design data, a pre-set electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree that includes photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic. The photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree are parameterized and mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters for various types of drawings. Based on the set of drawing control parameters, the preset drawing template is filled with data and the graphic elements are automatically laid out to generate a preliminary set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention, site flatness analysis is performed on the site geographic information data to obtain elevation data of the photovoltaic module installation area, including: The digital elevation model in the site geographic information data is gridded to obtain site terrain grid data; In the site topographic grid data, a target elevation threshold for the module mounting surface is set according to the installation tilt angle requirements of the photovoltaic modules; Using a contour line tracking algorithm, all continuous areas within the production area that meet the target elevation threshold are identified and marked as photovoltaic module installation areas; Elevation interpolation is performed on the photovoltaic module installation area to generate elevation data for the photovoltaic module installation area. The elevation data is used to determine the specific installation location coordinates of each photovoltaic module.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the technical parameters of the photovoltaic module, inverter, combiner box, and grid connection point are subjected to equipment selection and matching processing to obtain a list of main equipment materials, including: The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, and maximum power point current are extracted from the technical parameters of the photovoltaic module to form a set of electrical characteristics of the module. Extract the maximum DC input voltage, maximum DC input current, rated AC output power, and number of MPPT channels from the inverter's technical parameters to form a set of inverter electrical characteristics. Extract the number of incoming circuits, the number of outgoing circuits, the maximum input current per circuit, and the total output current from the technical parameters of the combiner box to form a set of electrical characteristics of the combiner box. The electrical characteristic sets of the components, inverters, combiner boxes, and grid connection point are input into the equipment matching model to perform string configuration calculations and determine the number of devices, thereby generating the main equipment material list. The main equipment material list includes the photovoltaic module model and quantity, inverter model and quantity, combiner box model and quantity, cable specifications and length, and switchgear model and quantity.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, based on the elevation data, the main equipment and material list, and the basic design data, a pre-set electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree containing photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic, including: The design rule set that matches the current target distributed photovoltaic power station type is retrieved from the pre-set electrical design knowledge graph. The design rule set includes component spacing specifications, string and parallel connection limit, inverter capacity ratio requirements and grounding resistance requirements. The elevation data, main equipment and material list, basic design data and design rule set are input into the logic tree generator to perform logical deduction under multiple constraints, and the root node of the design logic tree is generated. The root node is the overall electrical design target of the power plant. Starting from the root node, child nodes are generated sequentially according to the hierarchical order of component arrangement, string connection, inverter configuration, combiner box configuration, grounding system configuration, grid connection configuration, and auxiliary system configuration. Each child node contains specific logical judgment conditions and execution actions, forming the design logic tree.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree are parameterized and mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters for various types of drawings, including: The set of drawing control parameters includes component coordinates, string circuit numbers, inverter numbers, combiner box numbers, and grounding grid path coordinates; The initial version of the collection includes a photovoltaic module layout diagram, a photovoltaic string wiring diagram, an inverter system diagram, a photovoltaic area plan wiring diagram, a 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, a photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, a string wiring diagram, a lightning protection grounding diagram, an electrical equipment installation diagram, a grid-connected box detail diagram, a cable fireproof sealing diagram, and a communication topology diagram. The photovoltaic module layout logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the module installation position coordinates, module row spacing, column spacing and tilt angle, and generate photovoltaic module layout drawing control parameters. The string connection logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the serial connection order of components in the string, the string number, and the coordinates of the positive and negative connection points of the string, and to generate control parameters for drawing photovoltaic string wiring diagrams and control parameters for drawing string wiring schematic diagrams. The inverter configuration logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the inverter number, the connection relationship between the inverter and the combiner box, and the connection relationship between the inverter and the grid access point. This generates control parameters for drawing the inverter system diagram, control parameters for drawing the wiring configuration diagram of the 0.4kV grid-connected metering box, control parameters for drawing the layout diagram of the photovoltaic grid-connected metering box, and control parameters for drawing the communication topology diagram. The grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the grounding body location, grounding grid path, and grounding down conductor connection point, and to generate control parameters for drawing photovoltaic area planar grounding map, lightning protection grounding schematic diagram, electrical equipment installation schematic diagram, grid connection box detail drawing, and cable fireproof sealing schematic diagram. All types of drawing control parameters are summarized and deduplicated to form the set of drawing control parameters.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, based on the set of drawing control parameters, data filling and automatic layout of graphic elements are performed on a preset drawing template to generate a preliminary set of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station, including: Retrieve a template file corresponding to the type of drawing to be generated from the preset drawing template library. The template file includes a drawing frame, title block, signature block, legend, and reserved graphic element placeholders. The parameter subset related to the current drawing type in the drawing control parameter set is parsed. The parameter subset includes the coordinate data, number data, equipment model data and connection relationship data required by the current drawing type. The data in the parameter subset is filled into the corresponding placeholder positions in the template file using the graphics generation engine. At the same time, corresponding graphic elements are automatically generated in the drawing area of ​​the template based on the coordinate data. The graphic elements include component symbols, string lines, device symbols, connecting lines, text labels, and dimension labels. After automatic layout, perform layer management and display control on the graphic elements to ensure clear graphic hierarchy for each type of drawing, and generate the initial version set.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: After generating the initial set, the photovoltaic module layout diagram, photovoltaic string wiring diagram, inverter system diagram, photovoltaic area plan connection diagram, 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, string wiring diagram, lightning protection grounding diagram, electrical equipment installation diagram, grid-connected box detail diagram, cable fireproof sealing diagram, and communication topology diagram in the initial set are checked for completeness of drawing elements. The completeness check of drawing elements includes checking whether the frame information is complete, whether the title block information is filled in, whether the legend is complete, whether all equipment has a number, and whether all connecting lines have a wire number. For drawings that fail the element integrity check, the missing element data is extracted from the drawing control parameter set, and the drawings are supplemented by the graphics generation engine until all drawings pass the element integrity check, thus obtaining the final set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: After generating the initial draft set, the layout of each type of drawing in the initial draft set is adjusted to ensure its rationality. The adjustment of the layout rationality includes: For the photovoltaic module layout diagram, adjust the number of rows and columns of modules according to the actual shape of the site to make the overall diagram a regular rectangle and reduce blank areas at the corners; For the photovoltaic string wiring diagram and string wiring schematic diagram, adjust the curvature and inflection point position of the connecting lines according to the actual route of the strings to make the connecting lines less or no more cross, thus improving the readability of the diagram; For the inverter system diagram, the wiring configuration diagram of the 0.4kV grid-connected metering box and the communication topology diagram, adjust the arrangement of the equipment symbols according to the actual connection relationship of the equipment so that the connection lines are horizontal or vertical and form a neat wiring. Based on the actual construction requirements of the project, necessary construction instructions and enlarged views are added to the drawings of the photovoltaic area plan, lightning protection grounding diagram, electrical equipment installation diagram, grid connection box detail diagram, and cable fireproof sealing diagram to form the final set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: After generating the final version set, drawing information association processing is performed on the various types of drawings in the final version set. The drawing information association processing includes: Assign a unique drawing number to each drawing in the final set, and fill in the drawing number, project name, drawing title, drawing size, scale, designer, reviewer and date in the title block of the drawing; Add a reference note below the title bar of all drawings except the cover, table of contents, design description, main equipment and materials list, and aerial photographs of the project. The reference note includes the number and name of other drawings referenced by the drawing, as well as the fact that it is referenced by other drawings. Based on the logical relationships between different types of drawings, a catalog of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station is generated. The catalog is arranged in the order of photovoltaic area design, primary electrical design, secondary electrical design, grounding and fire protection design, and communication design, forming a complete set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, the step of identifying all continuous areas within the production area that meet the target elevation threshold using a contour tracking algorithm and marking them as photovoltaic module installation areas includes: In the site terrain grid data, based on the target elevation threshold, all grid points with elevation values ​​greater than or equal to the target elevation threshold are identified, and these grid points are marked as candidate installation points. Starting from any candidate installation point, according to the four-neighbor or eight-neighbor principle, search for adjacent grid points whose elevation values ​​also meet the target elevation threshold, and merge the adjacent grid points with the starting point to form a continuous region. Repeat the search and merge process until all adjacent grid points of all grid points in the current continuous area no longer meet the target elevation threshold. At this point, the identification and marking of a continuous area is completed. In the field terrain grid data, a new starting point is selected from the candidate installation points that have never been visited. The process of searching, merging and marking the area is repeated until all candidate installation points have been traversed, thereby identifying all continuous areas in the field area that meet the target elevation threshold. All identified continuous areas are sorted from largest to smallest based on their area. Continuous areas with an area greater than the preset minimum installation area threshold are ultimately marked as photovoltaic module installation areas.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the elevation data of the photovoltaic module installation area, the list of major equipment and materials, and basic design data, a pre-built electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree that integrates the photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic. This pre-built electrical design knowledge graph enables rapid association between various basic data and design logic, eliminating the need for designers to manually deduce and organize various design logics. This avoids logical confusion and omissions caused by differences in experience during manual organization, reduces human intervention in the logic organization process, makes the design logic more systematic and standardized, and significantly shortens the time required for logic organization, thus improving its efficiency.

[0016] The design logic tree contains four specific design logics: photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic. Each of these is parametrically mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters suitable for each type of drawing. This parametric mapping achieves a precise conversion of design logic into drawing parameters, eliminating the need for manual conversion and avoiding parameter deviations and errors that can occur during manual conversion. It ensures a high degree of matching between drawing control parameters and design logic, providing a precise basis for subsequent data filling in drawing templates and automatic layout of graphic elements. This reduces manual operations in the drawing process, lowers the error rate, and accelerates the drawing process, enabling rapid drawing output. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for rapidly generating electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station, as described in this invention. Figure 2 A flowchart for site flatness analysis and processing; Figure 3 A flowchart for generating a design logic tree; Figure 4 Heat map showing the compliance rate of the completeness check items for distributed photovoltaic power station drawings; Figure 5 A radar chart for checking the integrity of photovoltaic power plant drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] See Figure 1The process involves acquiring basic design data for the target distributed photovoltaic (PV) power station, including site geographic information, PV module technical parameters, inverter technical parameters, combiner box technical parameters, and grid connection point technical parameters. Site flatness analysis is performed on the site geographic information data to obtain elevation data for the PV module installation area. Simultaneously, equipment selection and matching processing is performed on the PV module, inverter, combiner box, and grid connection point technical parameters to obtain a list of main equipment and materials. Based on the obtained elevation data, main equipment and materials list, and basic design data, a pre-set electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree containing PV module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic. The various logic elements in this design logic tree are parameterized and mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters for various types of drawings. Based on this set of drawing control parameters, data is filled into a pre-set drawing template, and graphic elements are automatically laid out, ultimately generating a preliminary set of electrical design drawings for the distributed PV power station.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the site geographic information data includes a digital elevation model (DEM), which is a dataset representing ground elevation information. See also... Figure 2 The processing begins with gridding the digital elevation model. This gridding transforms continuous elevation data into a data structure composed of regularly arranged grid points. Each grid point contains its planar coordinates and elevation value, thus forming the site topographic grid data. In specific implementations, the required installation tilt angle for photovoltaic modules is a pre-defined design parameter, such as the optimal power generation tilt angle or a tilt angle range limited by structural safety. Based on this tilt angle requirement and combined with slope information from the site's geographic information data, the target elevation threshold required for the module installation surface can be calculated. In some embodiments, the purpose of setting the target elevation threshold is to provide a unified elevation reference benchmark for subsequently identifying suitable flat areas for installation.

[0022] In practice, identifying continuous regions that meet the target elevation threshold is accomplished using a contour line tracking algorithm. This algorithm operates on the site's topographic grid data. First, it iterates through all grid points based on the target elevation threshold, identifying all grid points with elevation values ​​greater than or equal to the threshold and marking them as candidate installation points. Then, starting from any unvisited candidate installation point, the algorithm searches for its neighboring grid points according to the four-neighbor or eight-neighbor principle. In practice, the four-neighbor principle considers the grid points adjacent to the current grid point in the four directions above, below, left, and right, while the eight-neighbor principle further includes adjacent grid points in the four diagonal directions: upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right. If an adjacent grid point is also marked as a candidate installation point, the algorithm classifies that adjacent grid point and the starting grid point into the same continuous region. In practice, this search and merging process continues recursively or iteratively, constantly incorporating new grid points that meet the conditions into the current continuous region until all grid points on the boundary of the current continuous region have elevation values ​​of all their adjacent grid points that no longer meet the target elevation threshold. At this point, the algorithm determines that the identification and marking of a continuous region is complete.

[0023] After identifying a continuous region, the contour tracing algorithm searches for the next unvisited candidate installation point in the site topographic grid data as a new starting point, repeating the search, merging, and marking process. In practice, this process is repeated until all candidate installation points in the site topographic grid data have been visited and processed, ensuring that all continuous regions within the site that meet the target elevation threshold are identified. In practice, all identified continuous regions are sorted from largest to smallest based on the area calculated from the total number of grid points they cover. In some embodiments, there is a preset minimum installation area threshold, determined by the minimum footprint required for a single photovoltaic module array. The algorithm compares the sorted continuous regions with the minimum installation area threshold, and only continuous regions with an area greater than the minimum installation area threshold are ultimately marked as photovoltaic module installation areas suitable for installing photovoltaic modules. In practice, elevation interpolation calculations are performed for each ultimately marked photovoltaic module installation area. Elevation interpolation is performed based on the elevation values ​​of known grid points within the photovoltaic module installation area boundary. Using bilinear interpolation or Kriging interpolation methods, the precise elevation of any planned installation point within the area is calculated, thus generating elevation data for the photovoltaic module installation area. This elevation data is a dataset containing coordinates and elevation values, used in subsequent steps to determine the specific installation location coordinates of each photovoltaic module.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, see [reference] Figure 3The equipment selection and matching process begins with the analysis of input technical parameters. Open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, and maximum power point current are extracted from the photovoltaic module's technical parameters. These extracted parameters collectively constitute the module's electrical characteristic set. Similarly, maximum DC input voltage, maximum DC input current, rated AC output power, and number of MPPTs are extracted from the inverter's technical parameters. These parameters constitute the inverter's electrical characteristic set. The number of incoming circuits, number of outgoing circuits, maximum input current per circuit, and total output current are extracted from the combiner box's technical parameters. These parameters constitute the combiner box's electrical characteristic set. In specific implementations, the module electrical characteristic set, inverter electrical characteristic set, combiner box electrical characteristic set, and grid connection point technical parameters are jointly input into a preset equipment matching model for calculation. The equipment matching model performs string configuration calculations and determines the number of devices. In some embodiments, the string configuration calculation must ensure that the maximum open-circuit voltage of the string is within the inverter's maximum allowable DC input voltage range, and that the string's operating current is within the inverter's MPPT current tracking range. After the equipment matching model completes its calculations, it outputs a list of main equipment materials. This list is a structured list that explicitly includes the model and quantity of photovoltaic modules, inverters, combiner boxes, cables, and switchgear. It can be understood that the built-in logic of the equipment matching model can be adjusted according to specific design standards.

[0025] In practice, generating the design logic tree requires accessing a pre-built electrical design knowledge graph, a knowledge base storing various electrical design specifications, standards, and empirical rules. The knowledge graph retrieves a set of design rules matching the target distributed photovoltaic power station type. For example, the content of the design rule set differs for different types such as commercial / industrial rooftop power stations, residential power stations, or mountain power stations. The design rule set includes specific constraints such as component spacing specifications, string / parallel connection limits, inverter capacity requirements, and grounding resistance requirements. In practice, the elevation data, main equipment and material list, basic design data, and design rule set obtained in previous steps are input into the logic tree generator, a software module that performs reasoning based on rules and constraints. The logic tree generator performs logical deduction under multiple constraints to generate the root node of the design logic tree, which is defined as the overall electrical design target of the power station. Starting with the overall electrical design goal of the power plant as the root node, the logic tree generator generates the next level of sub-nodes sequentially according to the hierarchical order of component arrangement, string connection, inverter configuration, combiner box configuration, grounding system configuration, grid connection configuration, and auxiliary system configuration. In some embodiments, the logical judgment condition under the component arrangement sub-node may include "whether the minimum spacing between components meets the wind protection requirements," and the execution action is "output the component coordinate matrix." Each generated sub-node contains specific logical judgment conditions and execution actions. These nodes are linked through hierarchical relationships to form a complete tree structure, i.e., the design logic tree. Optionally, during the derivation process, the logic tree generator may follow the formula for calculating the number of strings connected in series:

[0026] Where: symbol Indicates the maximum number of photovoltaic modules allowed to be connected in series in a single string, symbol Indicates the maximum DC input voltage of the inverter, symbol This represents the open-circuit voltage of a photovoltaic module under standard test conditions, symbol [symbol missing]. Temperature coefficient representing the open-circuit voltage of a photovoltaic module, symbol This represents the historical lowest ambient temperature at the project location. It can be understood that this formula is the mathematical expression of a specific rule in the design rule set, which is called by the logic tree generator to complete the logical judgment of string configuration.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the generation of the drawing control parameter set is a process of traversing the design logic tree and extracting key parameters. The drawing control parameter set specifically includes various parameters such as component coordinates, string circuit numbers, inverter numbers, combiner box numbers, and grounding grid path coordinates. The initial set to be generated includes a photovoltaic module layout diagram, a photovoltaic string wiring diagram, an inverter system diagram, a photovoltaic area plan view, a 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, a photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, a string wiring diagram, a lightning protection grounding diagram, an electrical equipment installation diagram, a grid-connected box detail drawing, a cable fireproofing diagram, and a communication topology diagram. In a specific implementation, the photovoltaic module layout logic nodes in the design logic tree are traversed, and the component installation position coordinates, component row spacing, component column spacing, and component tilt angle are extracted from the node outputs. These extracted parameters are formatted to generate the drawing control parameters used to drive the drawing of the photovoltaic module layout diagram. The design logic tree is traversed through the string connection logic nodes. From the node outputs, the series sequence of components within each string, the string number assigned to each string, and the coordinates of the preset connection points of the positive and negative terminals of each string on the combiner box side are extracted. Based on this information, drawing control parameters for the photovoltaic string wiring diagram and string wiring schematic diagram are generated. The inverter configuration logic nodes are traversed through the design logic tree. From the node outputs, the inverter number, the connection correspondence between the inverter and the combiner box, and the connection correspondence between the inverter and the grid connection point are extracted. These data are used to generate drawing control parameters for the inverter system diagram, the 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, the photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, and the communication topology diagram. In specific implementation, the grounding system connection logic nodes are traversed through the design logic tree. From the node outputs, the layout location of the grounding electrode, the laying path coordinates of the grounding grid, and the connection point coordinates of the grounding wires led down from each electrical device are extracted. Based on this information, drawing control parameters for the photovoltaic area plan view, lightning protection grounding schematic diagram, electrical equipment installation schematic diagram, grid-connected box detail diagram, and cable fireproofing schematic diagram are generated. The drawing control parameters of all the above types of drawings are summarized, and duplicate or redundant parameter entries are deduplicated to form a unified and complete set of drawing control parameters.

[0028] In practice, the process of automatically generating a set of initial drawing drafts based on a set of drawing control parameters relies on a pre-set drawing template library. This library stores template files corresponding one-to-one with various drawing types, such as photovoltaic module layout diagrams and photovoltaic string wiring diagrams. When a specific type of drawing needs to be generated, the system retrieves the corresponding template file from the library. These template files include not only standard drawing frames, title blocks, signature blocks, and legends, but also numerous reserved placeholders for receiving dynamic data. The system parses the complete set of drawing control parameters and selects a subset of parameters strongly correlated with the type of drawing to be generated. For example, when generating a photovoltaic module layout diagram, the parameter subset will include module coordinates, row spacing, column spacing, and tilt angle, but not string circuit numbers. In some embodiments, the graphics generation engine is the core component for automatic drawing. The engine reads coordinate data, numbering data, equipment model data, and connection relationship data from the parameter subset and fills these data into the corresponding text or attribute placeholder positions in the template file. Simultaneously, the graphics generation engine automatically calculates and generates corresponding graphic elements within the drawing area of ​​the template file based on the coordinate data in the parameter subset. These generated graphic elements include rectangular symbols representing photovoltaic modules, string lines representing electrical connections, equipment symbols representing inverters and combiner boxes, connection lines between devices, explanatory text labels, and dimension labels expressing dimensions. In practical implementation, the calculation of module coordinates may require following a formula:

[0029] Where: symbol This represents the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic module in the i-th row and j-th column on the drawing, with the symbol... Represents the coordinates of the starting reference point of the component array, symbol This represents the horizontal spacing between photovoltaic modules determined according to the module layout logic in the design logic tree. (Symbol) This indicates the vertical spacing of the photovoltaic modules, determined according to the module layout logic in the design logic tree. In practice, after the graphics generation engine completes data filling and graphics generation, it performs layer management and display control on all graphic elements in the drawing. Layer management assigns different types of graphic elements to different software layers, while display control sets the color, line type, and printability of each layer. This process ensures that each final drawing has clear layers and easily identifiable elements, thus forming the initial set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drawing element integrity check is a systematic verification of all types of drawings included in the initial set. The types of drawings verified include photovoltaic module layout diagrams, photovoltaic string wiring diagrams, inverter system diagrams, photovoltaic area plan wiring diagrams, 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagrams, photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagrams, string wiring diagrams, lightning protection grounding diagrams, electrical equipment installation diagrams, grid-connected box detail drawings, cable fireproofing diagrams, and communication topology diagrams. In specific implementations, the drawing element integrity check includes multiple check items, including checking whether the drawing frame information is complete, whether all required information in the title block is filled in, whether the legends used in the drawing are complete and in place, whether all equipment graphic symbols drawn in the drawing have unique numbers, and whether all connecting lines representing electrical connections in the drawing are labeled with wire numbers. In some embodiments, the integrity check can be automatically executed by a software script, which traverses each graphic element and attribute block in the drawing database and compares it with preset integrity rules. When an inspection reveals missing elements in a drawing, such as an inverter symbol lacking its equipment number or a cable connection line lacking its wire number, the drawing is deemed to have failed the element integrity check. For failed drawings, the system automatically extracts the missing element data, such as the missing equipment number or wire number, from the set of drawing control parameters used to generate the drawing. It then calls the graphics generation engine to write the missing data as attributes into the graphic elements or generate new annotation text, thus completing the drawing. This completion process is repeated until all drawings meet the preset integrity rules, at which point a set of drawings that have passed the check is obtained.

[0031] In practice, adjusting the layout of the drawings is an optimization process for the visualization and readability of the drawings after the integrity check. In practice, the adjustment of the photovoltaic module layout is based on the actual shape of the site, adjusting the number of rows and columns of modules. The aim is to make the overall arrangement of the modules on the drawing approximate a regular rectangle and reduce the blank area in the corners of the drawing. An optional quantitative reference formula for this adjustment is:

[0032] Where: symbol The symbol represents the evaluation value of the regularity of the arrangement of components in the drawing. This represents the total area of ​​blank space within the drawing area that is not occupied by component graphics. (Symbol) This indicates the total area of ​​the drawing area. Adjustments to the photovoltaic string wiring diagram and string wiring schematic are based on the actual electrical connection routes of the strings. The curvature and inflection point positions of the lines in the diagram are adjusted to minimize or eliminate intersections between lines from different strings, thereby improving the visual readability of the drawing. Adjustments to the inverter system diagram, 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, and communication topology diagram are based on the actual connection relationships between the equipment. The relative arrangement of equipment symbols in the diagram is adjusted to ensure that the wiring routes of the connecting equipment are horizontal or vertical, forming a neat wiring pattern. In some embodiments, adjustments can be implemented based on force-directed algorithms or grid-based automatic wiring algorithms. Adjustments to the photovoltaic area planar wiring diagram, lightning protection grounding schematic diagram, electrical equipment installation schematic diagram, grid-connected box detail drawing, and cable fireproofing schematic diagram need to be combined with the actual construction requirements of the project. Necessary construction explanatory text should be added to appropriate locations on the drawing, and enlarged views should be added to complex or critical parts to show details. It is understandable that layout adjustments may involve multiple iterative calculations and rearrangements of the positions of graphic elements. See Table 1 for a possible comparison of key parameters before and after the adjustment.

[0033] Table 1: Comparison of Key Parameters for Drawing Layout Adjustment

[0034] By sequentially performing the above-mentioned adjustments to the layout of different drawing types, a final set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations with a better layout and easier readability is finally formed.

[0035] See Figure 4 This is a heatmap showing the compliance rate of completeness checks on distributed photovoltaic power station drawings. It visually displays the compliance rate of five core drawing types on five key completeness check items. The greener the color, the higher the compliance rate; the more orange / red, the lower the compliance rate. Complete drawing frames, filled title blocks, and complete legends have extremely high overall compliance rates (95%~100%), representing the most stable stage in the current design process. Equipment numbering and connection wire numbers have significantly lower compliance rates (80%~95%), representing the main weaknesses in completeness checks. Inverter system diagrams and grid-connected metering box diagrams perform best overall, with compliance rates for all check items approaching or exceeding 90%. String wiring diagrams have the lowest compliance rates (approximately 80%~85%) for "equipment numbering" and "connection wire numbers," making them a key drawing type requiring optimization. The core weaknesses are concentrated in equipment identification and electrical connection labeling, rather than basic drawing frames, title blocks, or other format-related check items, reflecting room for improvement in the "automation / completeness of electrical information labeling" within the design process.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drawing information association process begins by assigning a unique drawing number to each drawing in the final version set. In some embodiments, the generation of the drawing number follows a predefined encoding rule, which may include project code, professional code, drawing type code, and serial number, and its structure can be expressed as follows:

[0037] Where: symbol Indicates the final generated complete drawing number, symbol A unique project code, symbol, assigned to a specific project. The symbol represents the professional code for electrical design. This indicates the type code used to distinguish different drawing types, symbol This indicates the sequential number within drawings of the same type. In practice, after assigning drawing numbers, the drawing number, project name, drawing title, drawing size, scale, designer, reviewer, and date must be filled in the designated fields in the title bar of each drawing. The assignment and filling in of drawing numbers is a fundamental step in establishing drawing identification and standardizing drawing information.

[0038] In practice, the drawing information association processing also includes adding reference descriptions below the title block of specific drawings. Reference descriptions are not added to all drawings. In practice, cover pages, tables of contents, design specifications, main equipment and material lists, and aerial photographs of the project do not have reference descriptions added. However, all other drawings in the final version set, excluding the aforementioned categories, require a reference description column below their title block. The reference description column must clearly list the numbers and names of other drawings referenced by this drawing during the design process, as well as the numbers and names of other drawings that reference this drawing. In some embodiments, the establishment of reference relationships relies on the logical relationships defined in the design logic tree and the data flow recorded in the drawing control parameter set. The software automatically parses these relationships and generates a list of reference descriptions. Adding reference descriptions makes the logical dependencies between drawings explicit, facilitating design review and construction reference.

[0039] In practice, the final step in the drawing information association process is generating a catalog of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic (PV) power stations. The catalog is generated based on the inherent logical relationships between different types of drawings, determined by the design process and system structure. In practice, the software system automatically sorts all drawings in the final set according to the classification order: PV zone design, primary electrical design, secondary electrical design, grounding and fire protection design, and communication design. Under the PV zone design category, PV module layout diagrams and PV zone floor plans can be arranged; under the primary electrical design category, PV string wiring diagrams, inverter system diagrams, and 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagrams can be arranged; under the secondary electrical design category, communication topology diagrams can be arranged; and under the grounding and fire protection design category, lightning protection grounding diagrams and cable fireproofing diagrams can be arranged. It is understood that this classification and sorting order can be adjusted according to specific design habits or company standards. The catalog itself is created as an independent drawing, listing the drawing number, title, size, and page number of each drawing. By integrating all drawings with unique drawing numbers, complete title block information, clear reference relationships, and structured catalogs, a complete set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations with high internal correlation is finally formed.

[0040] See Figure 5 This is a radar chart for the integrity check of photovoltaic power station drawings. It quantitatively evaluates the overall integrity level of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations from five core dimensions, with values ​​ranging from 0 to 100. Higher values ​​indicate better compliance / completeness of the check item. Frame information and connection line numbers are core strengths, scoring above 90, reflecting a high degree of automation in the "basic format specifications" and "electrical connection annotations" of the drawing generation process. Legend integrity is the lowest-scoring dimension and a key breakthrough point for improving drawing integrity; equipment number integrity needs to be strengthened simultaneously to avoid impacts on construction and operation due to missing equipment identification. "Legend verification" and "automatic equipment number annotation" are identified as core directions for automation optimization, providing input for the subsequent development of a more intelligent drawing generation engine. The compliance requirements of the five check items are transformed into quantifiable scoring standards, promoting the transformation of drawing design specifications from "textual requirements" into "executable numerical indicators."

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly generating electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire basic design data for the target distributed photovoltaic power station, including site geographic information data, photovoltaic module technical parameters, inverter technical parameters, combiner box technical parameters, and grid connection point technical parameters; The site flatness analysis and processing are performed on the geographic information data of the site area to obtain the elevation data of the photovoltaic module installation area. The equipment selection and matching processing is performed on the technical parameters of the photovoltaic module, inverter, combiner box and grid connection point to obtain the main equipment and material list. Based on the elevation data, the main equipment and material list, and the basic design data, a pre-set electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree that includes photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic. The photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree are parameterized and mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters for various types of drawings. Based on the set of drawing control parameters, the preset drawing template is filled with data and the graphic elements are automatically laid out to generate a preliminary set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations.

2. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The site flatness analysis was performed on the geographic information data of the site to obtain the elevation data of the photovoltaic module installation area, including: The digital elevation model in the site geographic information data is gridded to obtain site terrain grid data; In the site topographic grid data, a target elevation threshold for the module mounting surface is set according to the installation tilt angle requirements of the photovoltaic modules; Using a contour line tracking algorithm, all continuous areas within the production area that meet the target elevation threshold are identified and marked as photovoltaic module installation areas; Elevation interpolation is performed on the photovoltaic module installation area to generate elevation data for the photovoltaic module installation area. The elevation data is used to determine the specific installation location coordinates of each photovoltaic module.

3. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The technical parameters of the photovoltaic modules, inverters, combiner boxes, and grid connection points are analyzed to perform equipment selection and matching processes, resulting in a list of main equipment and materials, including: The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, and maximum power point current are extracted from the technical parameters of the photovoltaic module to form a set of electrical characteristics of the module. Extract the maximum DC input voltage, maximum DC input current, rated AC output power, and number of MPPT channels from the inverter's technical parameters to form a set of inverter electrical characteristics. Extract the number of incoming circuits, the number of outgoing circuits, the maximum input current per circuit, and the total output current from the technical parameters of the combiner box to form a set of electrical characteristics of the combiner box. The electrical characteristic sets of the components, inverters, combiner boxes, and grid connection point are input into the equipment matching model to perform string configuration calculations and determine the number of devices, thereby generating the main equipment material list. The main equipment material list includes the photovoltaic module model and quantity, inverter model and quantity, combiner box model and quantity, cable specifications and length, and switchgear model and quantity.

4. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the elevation data, the main equipment and material list, and the basic design data, a pre-set electrical design knowledge graph is invoked to generate a design logic tree that includes photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic, including: The design rule set that matches the current target distributed photovoltaic power station type is retrieved from the pre-set electrical design knowledge graph. The design rule set includes component spacing specifications, string and parallel connection limit, inverter capacity ratio requirements and grounding resistance requirements. The elevation data, main equipment and material list, basic design data and design rule set are input into the logic tree generator to perform logical deduction under multiple constraints, and the root node of the design logic tree is generated. The root node is the overall electrical design target of the power plant. Starting from the root node, child nodes are generated sequentially according to the hierarchical order of component arrangement, string connection, inverter configuration, combiner box configuration, grounding system configuration, grid connection configuration, and auxiliary system configuration. Each child node contains specific logical judgment conditions and execution actions, forming the design logic tree.

5. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module layout logic, string connection logic, inverter configuration logic, and grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree are parameterized and mapped to generate a set of drawing control parameters for various types of drawings, including: The set of drawing control parameters includes component coordinates, string circuit numbers, inverter numbers, combiner box numbers, and grounding grid path coordinates; The initial version of the collection includes a photovoltaic module layout diagram, a photovoltaic string wiring diagram, an inverter system diagram, a photovoltaic area plan wiring diagram, a 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, a photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, a string wiring diagram, a lightning protection grounding diagram, an electrical equipment installation diagram, a grid-connected box detail diagram, a cable fireproof sealing diagram, and a communication topology diagram. The photovoltaic module layout logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the module installation position coordinates, module row spacing, column spacing and tilt angle, and generate photovoltaic module layout drawing control parameters. The string connection logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the serial connection order of components in the string, the string number, and the coordinates of the positive and negative connection points of the string, and to generate control parameters for drawing photovoltaic string wiring diagrams and control parameters for drawing string wiring schematic diagrams. The inverter configuration logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the inverter number, the connection relationship between the inverter and the combiner box, and the connection relationship between the inverter and the grid access point. This generates control parameters for drawing the inverter system diagram, control parameters for drawing the wiring configuration diagram of the 0.4kV grid-connected metering box, control parameters for drawing the layout diagram of the photovoltaic grid-connected metering box, and control parameters for drawing the communication topology diagram. The grounding system connection logic in the design logic tree is traversed to extract the grounding body location, grounding grid path, and grounding down conductor connection point, and to generate control parameters for drawing photovoltaic area planar grounding map, lightning protection grounding schematic diagram, electrical equipment installation schematic diagram, grid connection box detail drawing, and cable fireproof sealing schematic diagram. All types of drawing control parameters are summarized and deduplicated to form the set of drawing control parameters.

6. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the set of drawing control parameters, data is filled into the preset drawing template and graphic elements are automatically laid out to generate a preliminary set of electrical design drawings for distributed photovoltaic power stations, including: Retrieve a template file corresponding to the type of drawing to be generated from the preset drawing template library. The template file includes a drawing frame, title block, signature block, legend, and reserved graphic element placeholders. The parameter subset related to the current drawing type in the drawing control parameter set is parsed. The parameter subset includes the coordinate data, number data, equipment model data and connection relationship data required by the current drawing type. The data in the parameter subset is filled into the corresponding placeholder positions in the template file using the graphics generation engine. At the same time, corresponding graphic elements are automatically generated in the drawing area of ​​the template based on the coordinate data. The graphic elements include component symbols, string lines, device symbols, connecting lines, text labels, and dimension labels. After automatic layout, perform layer management and display control on the graphic elements to ensure clear graphic hierarchy for each type of drawing, and generate the initial version set.

7. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: After generating the initial set, the photovoltaic module layout diagram, photovoltaic string wiring diagram, inverter system diagram, photovoltaic area plan connection diagram, 0.4kV grid-connected metering box wiring configuration diagram, photovoltaic grid-connected metering box layout diagram, string wiring diagram, lightning protection grounding diagram, electrical equipment installation diagram, grid-connected box detail diagram, cable fireproof sealing diagram, and communication topology diagram in the initial set are checked for completeness of drawing elements. The completeness check of drawing elements includes checking whether the frame information is complete, whether the title block information is filled in, whether the legend is complete, whether all equipment has a number, and whether all connecting lines have a wire number. For drawings that fail the element integrity check, the missing element data is extracted from the drawing control parameter set, and the drawings are supplemented by the graphics generation engine until all drawings pass the element integrity check, thus obtaining the final set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

8. The method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: After generating the initial draft set, the layout of each type of drawing in the initial draft set is adjusted to ensure its rationality. The adjustment of the layout rationality includes: For the photovoltaic module layout diagram, adjust the number of rows and columns of modules according to the actual shape of the site to make the overall diagram a regular rectangle and reduce blank areas at the corners; For the photovoltaic string wiring diagram and string wiring schematic diagram, adjust the curvature and inflection point position of the connecting lines according to the actual route of the strings to make the connecting lines less or no more cross, thus improving the readability of the diagram; For the inverter system diagram, the wiring configuration diagram of the 0.4kV grid-connected metering box and the communication topology diagram, adjust the arrangement of the equipment symbols according to the actual connection relationship of the equipment so that the connection lines are horizontal or vertical and form a neat wiring. Based on the actual construction requirements of the project, necessary construction instructions and enlarged views are added to the drawings of the photovoltaic area plan, lightning protection grounding diagram, electrical equipment installation diagram, grid connection box detail diagram, and cable fireproof sealing diagram to form the final set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

9. A method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: After generating the final version set, drawing information association processing is performed on the various types of drawings in the final version set. The drawing information association processing includes: Assign a unique drawing number to each drawing in the final set, and fill in the drawing number, project name, drawing title, drawing size, scale, designer, reviewer and date in the title block of the drawing; Add a reference note below the title bar of all drawings except the cover, table of contents, design description, main equipment and materials list, and aerial photographs of the project. The reference note includes the number and name of other drawings referenced by the drawing, as well as the fact that it is referenced by other drawings. Based on the logical relationships between different types of drawings, a catalog of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station is generated. The catalog is arranged in the order of photovoltaic area design, primary electrical design, secondary electrical design, grounding and fire protection design, and communication design, forming a complete set of electrical design drawings for the distributed photovoltaic power station.

10. A method for rapid generation of electrical design drawings for a distributed photovoltaic power station according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of identifying all continuous areas within the production area that meet the target elevation threshold using a contour tracking algorithm and marking them as photovoltaic module installation areas includes: In the site terrain grid data, based on the target elevation threshold, all grid points with elevation values ​​greater than or equal to the target elevation threshold are identified, and these grid points are marked as candidate installation points. Starting from any candidate installation point, according to the four-neighbor or eight-neighbor principle, search for adjacent grid points whose elevation values ​​also meet the target elevation threshold, and merge the adjacent grid points with the starting point to form a continuous region. Repeat the search and merge process until all adjacent grid points of all grid points in the current continuous area no longer meet the target elevation threshold. At this point, the identification and marking of a continuous area is completed. In the field terrain grid data, a new starting point is selected from the candidate installation points that have never been visited. The process of searching, merging and marking the area is repeated until all candidate installation points have been traversed, thereby identifying all continuous areas in the field area that meet the target elevation threshold. All identified continuous areas are sorted from largest to smallest based on their area. Continuous areas with an area greater than the preset minimum installation area threshold are ultimately marked as photovoltaic module installation areas.

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