Numerically controlled turning and milling combined machining center

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machining center technology, and specifically provides a CNC milling and turning machining center, comprising: a housing, multiple fixtures, and multiple cutting tools. A support is mounted on the housing, and a rotatable tool changer is mounted on the support. Multiple fixtures are spaced circumferentially on the tool changer. Multiple cutting tools are individually clamped in the multiple fixtures. After a cutting tool is removed from a fixture, the area on the fixture used to hold the tool shifts, so that when the tool is repositioned, the contact area between the tool and the fixture changes. The solution of this invention, by setting the area of ​​the fixture used to hold the tool to shift after the tool is removed, changes the contact area between the tool and the fixture when the tool is repositioned, thereby avoiding long-term contact between the fixture and the tool in the same position, distributing wear to multiple areas, and thus significantly improving the accuracy of the fixture in holding the tool for extended periods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining center technology, and in particular to a CNC turning and milling composite machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Existing disc tool magazines are indispensable devices in CNC milling and turning machining centers, playing a crucial role in tool changing. However, during repeated tool loading and unloading, the contact points between the fixture and the tool, such as the locating blocks, locating rollers, and the tool guide groove, experience collision, compression, and wear. Secondly, the uneven shape and mass distribution of the tools cause slight deflection and wobbling between the tool and fixture during tool magazine rotation, under the influence of centrifugal force and inertia, leading to frictional wear. Long-term accumulation of wear on the fixture reduces its positioning accuracy and clamping stability. Furthermore, when the tool is machining the workpiece, chips and coolant easily splash and adhere to the tool guide groove, indirectly transferring to the fixture. This causes dust and sludge to accumulate on the fixture surface, affecting clamping and positioning accuracy. Current regulations stipulate that the repeatability of tool magazine fixtures should be ≤0.02mm. However, when local wear occurs at the contact point between the fixture and the cutting tool (wear amount ≥ 0.015 mm), it will cause the tool to be misaligned, the clamping force to decrease, and vibration to occur under the action of high-speed rotation and cutting force. This will not only worsen the surface roughness of the machined surface, but also cause dimensional deviations, and in severe cases, even cause the tool to fall off. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to improve the positioning accuracy of the fixture for the cutting tool.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides a CNC milling and turning machining center, comprising: a housing, multiple fixtures, and multiple cutting tools; a support is provided on the housing, and a rotatable tool changer is provided on the support; multiple fixtures are circumferentially spaced on the tool changer; multiple cutting tools are clamped one by one in the multiple fixtures; after a cutting tool is removed from a fixture, the area on the fixture used to clamp the cutting tool shifts, so that when the cutting tool is reinserted into the fixture, the area on the fixture in contact with the cutting tool changes; the fixture includes a frame mounted on the tool changer and parts respectively hinged to both sides of the frame. The clamping jaws are connected by a first compression spring, and the tool is clamped between the two clamping jaws and the frame. Each of the two clamping jaws has a rotatable positioning wheel on the side facing the tool, which is engaged in a positioning groove on the tool. The positioning wheel rotates after the tool is released from the clamp. A movable cavity is provided on the end wall of the frame facing the tool, and a movable abutment block is provided in the movable cavity. The abutment block extends out of the movable cavity and abuts against the tool. The abutment block moves along the tangential direction of the tool changer after the tool is released from the frame.

[0005] Furthermore, a guide block that can move vertically is also provided inside the moving cavity. The guide block has guide rods on the upper and lower sides of the abutment block, and a sliding post is provided on the inner side of each guide rod. Slide grooves are provided on the upper and lower sides of the abutment block. The slide grooves are continuously bent N-shaped, including multiple staggered first sections and second sections. The first section is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the tool changer, and the second section is inclined. When the guide block moves vertically, the sliding post above or below the abutment block extends into the corresponding slide groove and cooperates with the slide groove to guide the movement of the abutment block. A second compression spring is provided on the side of the abutment block away from the tool. After the tool is disengaged from the fixture, the second compression spring pushes the abutment block closer to the tool along the direction of the second section.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom of the groove in the first section slopes upward from the end furthest from the tool to the other end, and the bottom of the groove in the second section slopes upward from the end closest to the tool to the other end; and at the connection between each of the first and second sections, the groove depth at the end of the first section is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the second section, and the groove depth at the end of the second section is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the first section, so that the sliding column slides unidirectionally in the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a countersunk hole is provided on the side wall of the movable cavity, and a damping rod is provided inside the countersunk hole. One end of the damping rod is connected to the bottom of the countersunk hole, and the other end is connected to a push plate. The push plate abuts against the abutting block. A second compression spring is sleeved on the damping rod, so that the abutting block moves backward when the tool is disengaged from the fixture. A moving rod that can move along the tangential direction of the tool changer is provided on the abutting block. A sliding rod is hinged to each end of the moving rod. The two sliding rods are slidably set in the two clamping jaws and respectively make frictional contact with the two positioning wheels.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning wheel and the clamping pawl ball are hinged.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple turntables are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the abutment block facing the tool; when the tool is placed in the fixture, it abuts against the center of one of the turntables.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping claw is equipped with a scraper, which is located on the side of the positioning wheel and is used to scrape the wheel surface of the positioning wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, a movable scraper is provided inside the movable cavity. The scraper is located on the side of the abutment block facing the blade and abuts against the surface of the turntable to scrape impurities on the surface of the turntable.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The CNC milling and turning machining center of the present invention, by setting the area of ​​the fixture for holding the tool to shift after the tool is removed, changes the contact area between the tool and the fixture when the tool is put back into the fixture. This avoids the fixture and the tool from being in contact in the same position for a long time, and disperses wear to multiple areas. This significantly improves the accuracy of the fixture in holding the tool for a long time, ensures that the tool is accurately in the preset position after tool change, and makes the machining process stable and reliable, providing a strong guarantee for high-precision machining.

[0013] Furthermore, the CNC milling and turning machining center of the present invention sets the positioning wheel for holding the tool as a ball joint and sets a rotatable turntable on the surface of the abutment block that abuts the tool, so that when the tool is deflected under the action of centrifugal force when the tool changer rotates, the positioning wheel and the abutment block deflect synchronously, thereby reducing the risk of wear and ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0014] Furthermore, the CNC milling and turning machining center of the present invention cleans the surfaces of the positioning wheel and the turntable by setting scrapers and scrapers, thereby removing impurities from the surfaces of the positioning wheel and the turntable and improving positioning accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in a detailed manner by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or components. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a CNC milling and turning machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bracket, tool changer, fixture, and tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamp and a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture and cutting tool from another angle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is along Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view after cutting off section line AA and rotating it 90 degrees counterclockwise; Figure 6 It is along Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view after the section line BB is cut off and rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise; Figure 7 It is along Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view cut off by the section line CC; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic enlarged view of region D in the middle; Figure 9This is an exploded view of a fixture and a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abutment block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] in: 100. Housing; 110. Bracket; 111. Tool changer; 200. Fixture; 210. Frame; 211. Moving cavity; 212. Groove; 213. Countersunk hole; 214. Damping rod; 215. Push plate; 220. Clamping claw; 221. First compression spring; 222. Positioning wheel; 223. Scraper; 230. Abutment block; 231. Slide groove; 2311. First section; 2312. Second section; 232. Second compression spring; 233. Turntable; 240. Guide block; 241. Guide rod; 242. Sliding column; 243. Telescopic rod; 244. Third compression spring; 245. Fifth compression spring; 250. Moving rod; 251. Sliding rod; 252. Connecting rod; 253. Fourth compression spring; 260. Scraper; 300. Tool; 310. Positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" used herein are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature, that is, include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. When a feature "includes or contains" one or more of the features it encompasses, unless otherwise specifically stated, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may be further included.

[0019] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] The following reference Figures 1 to 12 This invention describes a CNC milling and turning machining center.

[0021] A CNC milling and turning machining center generally includes: a housing 100, multiple fixtures 200, and multiple cutting tools 300.

[0022] A support 110 is provided on the housing 100, and a rotatable tool changer 111 is provided on the support 110. Multiple clamps 200 are spaced circumferentially on the tool changer 111. Multiple tools 300 are clamped in the multiple clamps 200. After a tool 300 is removed from a clamp 200, the area on the clamp 200 used to hold the tool 300 shifts, so that when the tool 300 is reinserted into the clamp 200, the area of ​​contact between the clamp 200 and the tool 300 changes.

[0023] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the fixture 200 used to hold the tool 300 is shifted after the tool 300 is removed. This changes the contact area between the tool 300 and the fixture 200 when the tool 300 is reinserted into the fixture 200. This avoids the fixture 200 and the tool 300 from being in contact at the same position for a long time, distributing wear to multiple areas. Consequently, the accuracy of the fixture 200 in holding the tool 300 for a long time is significantly improved, ensuring that the tool 300 is accurately in the preset position after tool change. This makes the machining process stable and reliable, providing a strong guarantee for high-precision machining.

[0024] The fixture 200 includes a frame 210 mounted on a tool changer 111 and clamping jaws 220 hinged to both sides of the frame 210. A first compression spring 221 connects the two clamping jaws 220. The tool 300 is clamped between the two clamping jaws 220 and the frame 210. Each of the two clamping jaws 220 has a rotatable positioning wheel 222 on the side facing the tool 300. The positioning wheel 222 engages with the positioning groove 310 on the tool 300. The positioning wheel 222 rotates after the tool 300 is released from the fixture 200.

[0025] In this embodiment, two clamping jaws 220 are hinged to both sides of the frame 210 and connected by a first compression spring 221. This not only allows the clamp 200 to adaptively adjust according to the shape and size of the tool 300, ensuring good contact with the tool 300, but also ensures that the tool 300 is subjected to balanced forces during clamping, preventing deformation or damage to the tool 300 due to excessive local forces, thus improving clamping stability. A positioning wheel 222 is set to engage with the positioning groove 310 on the tool 300, thereby improving positioning accuracy. The positioning wheel 222 rotates after the tool 300 is removed, so that when the tool 300 is clamped again, the contact position between the positioning wheel 222 and the tool 300 changes, thus distributing wear to different areas of the positioning wheel 222, avoiding excessive concentration of wear in local areas, and further improving positioning accuracy.

[0026] A movable cavity 211 is provided on the end wall of the frame 210 facing the tool 300. A movable abutment block 230 is provided in the movable cavity 211. The abutment block 230 extends out of the movable cavity 211 and abuts against the tool 300. After the tool 300 is separated from the frame 210, the abutment block 230 moves along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111.

[0027] In this embodiment, the abutment block 230 that abuts against the tool 300 moves along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111 after the tool 300 is removed from the frame 210. This changes the contact position between the abutment block 230 and the tool 300 when the tool 300 is re-clamped, thereby dispersing wear to different areas of the abutment block 230, avoiding excessive concentration of wear in local areas, and thus improving positioning accuracy.

[0028] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 210 has an arc-shaped notch at the end facing the tool 300, and the arc of the notch matches the shape of the tool 300. The movable cavity 211 is located at the center of the notch, and the abutment block 230 extends out of the movable cavity 211 and abuts against the positioning groove 310 on the tool 300.

[0029] The movable cavity 211 is also equipped with a guide block 240 that can move vertically. The guide block 240 has guide rods 241 on its upper and lower sides of the abutment block 230, and each guide rod 241 has a sliding post 242 on its inner side. The abutment block 230 has sliding grooves 231 on its upper and lower sides. The sliding grooves 231 are continuously bent in an N-shape, including multiple interlocking first sections 2311 and second sections 2312. The first sections 2311 are perpendicular to the tangent direction of the tool changer 111, and the second sections 2312 are inclined. When the guide block 240 moves vertically, the sliding post 242 above or below the abutment block 230 extends into the corresponding sliding groove 231, cooperating with the sliding groove 231 to guide the movement of the abutment block 230. A second compression spring 232 is provided on the side of the abutment block 230 away from the tool 300. After the tool 300 is disengaged from the clamp 200, the second compression spring 232 pushes the abutment block 230 closer to the tool 300 along the direction of the second section 2312.

[0030] When the tool 300 is placed into the fixture 200, the abutment block 230 moves radially along the tool changer 111 under the push of the tool 300, compressing the second compression spring 232. At the same time, the sliding column 242 slides in the first section 2311. After the tool 300 is fully placed into the fixture 200, the sliding column 242 slides to the connection between the first section 2311 and the second section 2312. When the tool 300 is removed from the fixture 200, the second compression spring 232 returns to its original position. Under the elastic force of the second compression spring 232, the abutment block 230 moves away from the tool changer 111, and the sliding column 242 slides in the second section 2312. This causes the abutment block 230 to move away from the tool changer 111 in the radial direction while moving along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111. As a result, when the tool 300 is reinserted into the fixture 200, the contact position between the tool 300 and the abutment block 230 changes, thereby preventing excessive concentration of wear on the abutment block 230 in a local area and improving the positioning accuracy.

[0031] The solution in this embodiment utilizes the elastic force of the second compression spring 232, combined with the movement of the cutter 300 during pick-up and drop, to automatically shift the contact block 230, changing the contact position between the contact block 230 and the cutter 300. This solution is not only simple in structure and stable in operation, but also low in cost, highly practical, and easy to promote.

[0032] The bottom of the groove in the first section 2311 slopes upward from the end furthest from the tool 300 to the other end, and the bottom of the groove in the second section 2312 slopes upward from the end closest to the tool 300 to the other end. Furthermore, at the connection between each of the first section 2311 and the second section 2312, the groove depth at the end of the first section 2311 is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the second section 2312, and the groove depth at the end of the second section 2312 is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the first section 2311, allowing the sliding column 242 to slide unidirectionally within the groove 231.

[0033] The solution in this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 11 The bottom of the grooves in both the first section 2311 and the second section 2312 are set as inclined surfaces. The groove depth at the end of the first section 2311 is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the second section 2312, and the groove depth at the end of the second section 2312 is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the first section 2311. Taking the upper end face of the abutment block 230 as an example, at the end near the tool 300, the bottom of the groove in the first section 2311 is higher than the bottom of the groove in the second section 2312, and at the end away from the tool 300, the bottom of the groove in the first section 2311 is lower than the bottom of the groove in the second section 2312. This forms a stepped structure at the connection between the first section 2311 and the second section 2312, so that the sliding column 242 can only slide in one direction in the sliding groove 231, thereby improving the smoothness of sliding and the stability of operation.

[0034] like Figure 11 As shown, both ends of the slide groove 231 are configured as first sections 2311, and the bottom of the first section 2311 at the end of the slide groove 231 extends obliquely to be flush with the upper end face of the abutment block 230. This allows the abutment block 230 to move to its end along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111 (i.e., after abutting against the side wall of the moving cavity 211), and the sliding column 242 moves in the slide groove 231 to contact the upper end face of the abutment block 230. Under the pushing force of the abutment block 230, the guide block 240 moves downward in the vertical direction, causing the sliding column 242 located below the abutment block 230 to extend into the slide groove 231 below the abutment block 230. With the cooperation of the slide groove 231 and the sliding column 242 below the abutment block 230, when the tool 300 is picked up and put down again, the abutment block 230 moves in the opposite direction, and this cycle repeats.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, a groove 212 is provided on the side wall of the movable cavity 211. One end of the guide block 240 extends into the groove 212. A protrusion is provided on the side wall of the groove 212, and a corresponding guide groove is provided on the guide block 240. The protrusion and the guide groove cooperate to guide the guide block 240 to move up and down in the vertical direction. A telescopic rod 243 is provided on the side of the guide block 240 away from the abutment block 230. The two ends of the telescopic rod 243 are respectively hinged to the abutment block 230 and the bottom of the groove 212, and a third compression spring 244 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 243. When the abutment block 230 moves in the movable cavity 211, and the sliding column 242 has not moved to the upper or lower end face of the abutment block 230, the third compression spring 244 pushes against the guide block 240, preventing the guide block 240 from moving freely in the vertical direction.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, a fifth compression spring 245 may be provided between the sliding post 242 and the guide rod 241, so that when the sliding post 242 slides on the inclined bottom of the groove 231 before sliding to the upper or lower end face of the abutment block 230, the sliding post 242 extends and retracts relative to the guide rod 241, thereby avoiding frequent vibration of the guide block 240.

[0037] A countersunk hole 213 is provided on the side wall of the movable cavity 211. A damping rod 214 is provided inside the countersunk hole 213. One end of the damping rod 214 is connected to the bottom of the countersunk hole 213, and the other end is connected to a push plate 215. The push plate 215 abuts against the abutment block 230. A second compression spring 232 is sleeved on the damping rod 214, so that the abutment block 230 moves with a lag when the tool 300 is disengaged from the fixture 200. A moving rod 250 that can move along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111 passes through the abutment block 230. A sliding rod 251 is hinged to each end of the moving rod 250. The two sliding rods 251 are slidably disposed in the two clamping jaws 220 and respectively make frictional contact with the two positioning wheels 222.

[0038] In this embodiment, by incorporating a damping rod 214 within the second compression spring 232, the movement of the abutment block 230 lags behind the disengagement of the tool 300 during the spring's return to its original position after the tool 300 has disengaged from the abutment block 230. This ensures that the movement of the abutment block 230 and the disengagement of the tool 300 do not interfere with each other, allowing the abutment block 230 to smoothly reposition itself after the tool 300 has disengaged from the fixture 200.

[0039] In this embodiment, a movable rod 250 is inserted through the abutment block 230, and a sliding rod 251, which is hinged at both ends of the movable rod 250 and in frictional contact with the positioning wheel 222, is connected to it. This allows the movable rod 250 to move synchronously with the sliding rod 251 as the abutment block 230 moves, thereby causing the positioning wheel 222 to rotate. This design is not only simple in structure but also stable in operation. Because the movement of the abutment block 230 is delayed, the movement of the sliding rod 251 is also delayed. After the tool 300 is removed from the fixture 200, the delayed movement of the sliding rod 251 drives the rotation of the positioning wheel 222 through friction. This causes the contact positions between the tool 300 and the abutment block 230 and the positioning wheel 222 to change when the tool 300 is reinserted into the fixture 200.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, telescopic connecting rods 252 are provided at both ends of the moving rod 250. One end of the connecting rod 252 is connected to the moving rod 250 via a fourth compression spring 253, and the other end is hinged to the sliding rod 251. When picking up or placing the tool 300, the clamping jaw 220 rotates relative to the frame 210, and the connecting rod 252 and the sliding rod 251 move and rotate accordingly, making the picking up and placing of the tool 300 smoother.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, two countersunk holes 213 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove 212 on the side wall of the movable cavity 211. Each countersunk hole 213 is equipped with a damping rod 214 and a second compression spring 232. The two damping rods 214 push the abutment block 230 together through the push plate 215, so that the force on the abutment block 230 is more even and the movement is smoother.

[0042] When the tool 300 is clamped in the fixture 200, the contact point between the tool 300 and the fixture 200 and the center of gravity of the tool 300 cannot be guaranteed to be on the same water surface. Therefore, when the tool changer 111 rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the tool 300 will tend to deflect relative to the fixture 200, which will aggravate the wear at the contact point between the tool 300 and the fixture 200.

[0043] In a further embodiment, the positioning wheel 222 and the clamping claw 220 are ball-jointed.

[0044] In this embodiment, the positioning wheel 222 and the clamping jaw 220 are configured as ball joints, so that when the tool 300 deflects relative to the fixture 200, the positioning wheel 222 rotates synchronously, thereby avoiding relative movement between the positioning wheel 222 and the tool 300, thus reducing the risk of wear and ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0045] In a further embodiment, a plurality of turntables 233 are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the abutment block 230 facing the tool 300. When the tool 300 is placed in the fixture 200, it abuts against the center of one of the turntables 233.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting a turntable 233 on the side wall of the abutment block 230, the turntable 233 that abuts against the tool 300 rotates synchronously when the tool 300 deflects relative to the fixture 200, thereby further reducing the wear risk of the turntable 233 and ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0047] like Figure 11 As shown, the spacing between the centers of every two adjacent turntables 233 and the spacing between the centerlines of every two adjacent first segments 2311 are the same, so that after each displacement of the abutment block 230, when the tool 300 is repositioned into the fixture 200, the tool 300 just abuts against the center of one turntable 233.

[0048] The clamping claw 220 is equipped with a scraper 223, which is located on the side of the positioning wheel 222 and is used to scrape the wheel surface of the positioning wheel 222.

[0049] In this embodiment, by providing a scraper 223 on the clamping jaw 220, the scraper 223 can scrape the surface of the positioning wheel 222 when the positioning wheel 222 rotates, thereby removing impurities from the positioning wheel 222 and ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, two scraper blades 223 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning wheel 222 to further improve the cleaning effect.

[0051] A movable scraper 260 is provided inside the movable cavity 211. The scraper 260 is located on the side of the abutment block 230 facing the cutter 300 and abuts against the surface of the turntable 233 to scrape impurities on the surface of the turntable 233.

[0052] In this embodiment, a scraper 260 is provided in the movable cavity 211. When the abutment block 230 is displaced, the scraper 260 scrapes the surface of the turntable 233, thereby removing impurities from the surface of the turntable 233 and ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0053] like Figure 5 , 6As shown, two scrapers 260 are symmetrically arranged inside the movable cavity 211. The two scrapers 260 are respectively disposed on two opposite side walls inside the movable cavity 211, and move synchronously along the side walls of the movable cavity 211 as the abutment block 230 moves, so as to ensure that impurities on the surface of the turntable 233 can be scraped off when the abutment block 230 moves along the tangential direction of the tool changing disc 111. In some embodiments, sliders and slide rails may be respectively provided at the contact positions between the scrapers 260 and the side walls of the movable cavity 211.

[0054] The specific working process of the CNC milling and turning machining center provided by the present invention will be described in conjunction with the above embodiments: When the tool 300 is clamped in the fixture 200, the positioning wheel 222 extends into the positioning groove 310 on the tool 300, the turntable 233 on the abutment block 230 abuts against the tool 300, and the second compression spring 232 is in a compressed state.

[0055] When the tool 300 is removed from the fixture 200 in a horizontal direction, the second compression spring 232 returns to its original position. Under the elastic force of the second compression spring 232, the push plate 215 pushes the abutment block 230 away from the tool changer 111. At the same time, due to the damping effect of the damping rod 214, the action of the push plate 215 pushing the abutment block 230 lags behind the disengagement action of the tool 300.

[0056] When the abutment block 230 moves away from the tool changer 111, the sliding column 242 slides along the second section 2312 of the slide groove 231, causing the abutment block 230 to move away from the tool changer 111 while simultaneously moving along the tangential direction of the tool changer 111. At the same time, the abutment block 230 drives the moving rod 250 to move, thereby driving the sliding rod 251 to move, causing the positioning wheel 222, which is in frictional contact with the sliding rod 251, to rotate.

[0057] When the tool 300 is repositioned into the fixture 200, the tool 300 pushes against the clamping jaw 220, causing the clamping jaw 220 to deflect relative to the frame 210. After the tool 300 and the turntable 233 come into contact, the abutment block 230 is pushed closer to the tool changer 111. As the abutment block 230 approaches the tool changer 111, the sliding column 242 slides along the first section 2311 of the slide groove 231, causing the abutment block 230 to approach directly along the radial direction of the tool changer 111 and push the damping rod 214 and the second compression spring 232 to retract. At the same time, the abutment block 230 drives the sliding rod 251 to reset via the moving rod 250.

[0058] As the tool 300 is repeatedly picked up and put down, the abutment block 230 gradually approaches the side wall of the moving cavity 211 until it abuts. At this time, the sliding column 242 moves along the slide groove 231 to the first section 2311 at the end, and slides to the upper or lower end face of the abutment block 230 under the push of the inclined groove bottom of the first section 2311, causing the guide block 240 to be displaced in the vertical direction. At this time, the sliding column 242 on the opposite side extends into the opposite slide groove 231. When the tool 300 is picked up again, the abutment block 230 moves in the opposite direction in the tangential direction of the tool changer 111. As the tool 300 is repeatedly picked up and put down, the abutment block 230 gradually approaches the side wall of the other side of the moving cavity 211 until it abuts, and then this process is repeated.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A CNC turning and milling combined machining center, characterized in that, include: The housing has a support frame on it, and a rotatable tool changer is mounted on the support frame. Multiple clamps are arranged at circumferential intervals on the tool changer; Multiple cutting tools are clamped one by one in multiple of the aforementioned fixtures; After the cutting tool is removed from the fixture, the area on the fixture used to hold the cutting tool is displaced, so that when the cutting tool is put back into the fixture, the area on the fixture that contacts the cutting tool changes. The clamp includes a frame mounted on the tool changer and clamping jaws respectively hinged to both sides of the frame. A first compression spring is connected between the two clamping jaws, and the tool is clamped between the two clamping jaws and the frame. Each of the two clamping jaws has a rotatable positioning wheel on the side facing the tool, and the positioning wheel engages in a positioning groove on the tool; and the positioning wheel rotates after the tool is released from the clamp. A movable cavity is provided on the end wall of the frame facing the tool. A movable abutment block is provided in the movable cavity. The abutment block extends out of the movable cavity and abuts against the tool. After the tool is separated from the frame, the abutment block moves along the tangential direction of the tool changer.

2. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable cavity is also provided with a guide block that can move in the vertical direction. The guide block is provided with guide rods on the upper and lower sides of the abutment block, and a sliding column is provided on the inner side of each guide rod. The upper and lower sides of the abutment block are respectively provided with sliding grooves. The sliding grooves are in the shape of a continuously bent N and include multiple intersecting first sections and second sections. The first section is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the tool changer, and the second section is inclined. When the guide block moves vertically, the sliding post above or below the abutment block extends into the corresponding groove and, in conjunction with the groove, guides the movement of the abutment block. A second compression spring is provided on the side of the abutment block away from the tool. After the tool is disengaged from the clamp, the second compression spring pushes the abutment block closer to the tool along the direction of the second section.

3. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the groove in the first section slopes upward from the end furthest from the tool to the other end, and the bottom of the groove in the second section slopes upward from the end closest to the tool to the other end; and at each connection between the first section and the second section, the groove depth at the end of the first section is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the second section, and the groove depth at the end of the second section is less than the groove depth at the beginning of the first section, so that the sliding column slides unidirectionally in the groove.

4. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, A countersunk hole is provided on the side wall of the movable cavity, and a damping rod is provided in the countersunk hole. One end of the damping rod is connected to the bottom of the countersunk hole, and the other end is connected to a push plate. The push plate abuts against the abutting block. The second compression spring is sleeved on the damping rod, so that the abutting block moves backward when the tool is disengaged from the fixture. The abutment block is provided with a movable rod that can move along the tangential direction of the tool changer. A sliding rod is hinged to each end of the movable rod. The two sliding rods are slidably disposed in the two clamping claws and respectively make frictional contact with the two positioning wheels.

5. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning wheel and the clamping claw ball are hinged together.

6. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple turntables are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the abutment block facing the tool; when the tool is placed in the fixture, it abuts against the center of one of the turntables.

7. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping claw is equipped with a scraper, which is located on the side of the positioning wheel and is used to scrape the wheel surface of the positioning wheel.

8. The CNC milling and turning machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, A movable scraper is provided inside the movable cavity. The scraper is located on the side of the abutment block facing the blade and abuts against the surface of the turntable to scrape impurities on the surface of the turntable.

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