A method for improving saline-alkali soil
By preparing and applying a scientific ratio of wood ash granules to specific organic matter granules and precisely applying them, the problems of high cost and unstable effect of saline-alkali land transformation have been solved, realizing the effective improvement of saline-alkali land and the resource utilization of waste, thereby improving soil quality and crop yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411974513.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for improving saline-alkali land are costly, have unstable effects, and may cause secondary pollution, making them difficult to promote and apply on a large scale. They also cannot effectively utilize the waste plant ash from biomass power plants for saline-alkali land improvement.
By preparing wood ash granules and specific organic matter granules, and combining them with precise application, a mixture of wood ash and organic matter from biomass power plant waste is used to neutralize soil alkalinity, improve soil permeability and water retention, and employ scientific formulation and precise application techniques.
It significantly reduces soil alkalinity, improves soil permeability and water retention, transforms saline-alkali land into fertile land suitable for crop growth, increases arable land area, realizes waste recycling, and reduces environmental pollution, thus having economic, social and environmental benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN122296108A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of land improvement technology, and in particular to an innovative and efficient method for the comprehensive improvement of saline-alkali land by combining plant ash from biomass power plant waste with specific organic matter. Background Technology
[0002] Saline-alkali land is unsuitable for normal agricultural production due to its high salinity, low permeability, and poor water retention. Current common methods for saline-alkali land improvement, such as water conservancy engineering, chemical improvement, and biological improvement, often suffer from high costs, unstable results, potential secondary pollution, or difficulty in large-scale application.
[0003] With increasing societal emphasis on environmental protection and resource recycling, the search for an economical, environmentally friendly, and sustainable method for the transformation of saline-alkali land has become urgent. This invention arose from this context, aiming to fully utilize the waste wood ash from biomass power plants, combined with scientifically proportioned organic matter, to effectively improve saline-alkali land. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention aims to provide a novel and comprehensive method for transforming saline-alkali land. By utilizing waste from biomass power plants and combining it with a specific organic matter formula, it reduces soil alkalinity and significantly improves soil permeability, water retention, and fertility, thereby converting saline-alkali land into fertile land suitable for crop growth. This not only helps increase arable land area and ensure national food security but also enables the recycling of waste and reduces environmental pollution, thus possessing significant economic, social, and environmental benefits.
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
[0006] A method for improving saline-alkali land includes the preparation of wood ash particles, the preparation of mixed organic matter particles, particle mixing, and precise determination of the application amount.
[0007] The preparation of the aforementioned wood ash granules: Wood ash collected from biomass power plants first undergoes rigorous screening to remove impurities and large particles. Then, using specialized pulverizing equipment, the wood ash is pulverized to a specific particle size range, namely 2.5-3.5 mm. This particle size ensures uniform distribution in the soil while effectively fulfilling its soil-improving function.
[0008] The preparation of the mixed organic matter particles involves selecting high-quality polyglutamic acid, amino acids, and organic nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium components. These are mixed in precise proportions to ensure synergistic effects and optimal improvement. The mixed material is then granulated using advanced granulation technology, with the particle size controlled between 2.5 and 4.0 mm.
[0009] Regarding the particle mixing: Through repeated experiments and research, the optimal mixing ratio of wood ash particles and mixed organic matter particles was determined to be 60-80 parts wood ash particles to 30-40 parts mixed organic matter particles. This ratio can fully utilize the neutralizing effect of wood ash on alkalinity, while simultaneously improving soil fertility and physical properties with the help of organic matter particles.
[0010] The precise application rate is determined by accurately measuring the alkalinity of saline-alkali land and considering factors such as soil physical structure and fertility. The required amount of organic matter particles per acre is then precisely calculated. Generally, the application rate is between 400-600 kg per acre. For soils with lower alkalinity, a smaller application rate is needed, and transformation can be achieved within the same year. However, for soils with higher alkalinity, continuous application for up to three years may be required to complete the transformation.
[0011] The aforementioned low-neutral alkaline land treatment technology uses a material ratio of 4 parts neutral wood ash, 3 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 1 part desulfurized gypsum.
[0012] The aforementioned high-alkaline soil treatment technology uses a material ratio of 4 parts neutral wood ash, 2 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 2 parts desulfurized gypsum.
[0013] Low-salinity saline-alkali land can be transformed into fertile land in one year; high and extremely high saline-alkali land requires 3-5 years to be transformed.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using the waste plant ash from biomass power plants as the main raw material, the procurement cost of raw materials is greatly reduced. Compared with traditional improvement materials, the successfully transformed saline-alkali land can be used to grow various crops, thereby increasing the output value of the land. The originally barren saline-alkali land is transformed into fertile farmland, and the economic value of the land is significantly improved, which can continuously bring economic benefits to farmers in long-term agricultural production. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.
[0018] A method for improving saline-alkali land includes the preparation of wood ash particles, the preparation of mixed organic matter particles, particle mixing, and precise determination of the application amount.
[0019] Preparation of wood ash granules: Wood ash collected from biomass power plants first undergoes rigorous screening to remove impurities and large particles. Then, specialized pulverizing equipment is used to pulverize the wood ash to a specific particle size range of 2.5-3.5 mm. This particle size ensures uniform distribution in the soil while effectively enhancing its soil-improving properties.
[0020] Preparation of mixed organic matter granules: High-quality polyglutamic acid, amino acids, and organic nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium components are selected. They are mixed in precise proportions to ensure synergistic effects and optimal improvement. The mixed material is then granulated using advanced granulation technology, with the particle size controlled between 2.5-4.0 mm.
[0021] Granular Mixing: Through repeated experiments and research, the optimal mixing ratio of wood ash granules and mixed organic matter granules was determined to be 60-80 parts wood ash granules to 30-40 parts mixed organic matter granules. This ratio can fully utilize the alkalinity neutralizing effect of wood ash, while simultaneously improving soil fertility and physical properties with the help of organic matter granules.
[0022] Precise application rate determination: Based on accurate measurement of the alkalinity of saline-alkali land, combined with factors such as soil physical structure and fertility, the required amount of organic matter particles per acre is precisely calculated. Generally, the application rate is between 400-600 kg per acre. For soils with lower alkalinity, the application rate is relatively small, and transformation can be achieved in the same year; while for soils with higher alkalinity, it may be necessary to continuously apply organic matter for three years to complete the transformation.
[0023] Low-neutral alkaline land treatment technology: The material ratio is 4 parts neutral wood ash, 3 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 1 part desulfurized gypsum.
[0024] High-alkalinity saline-alkali land treatment technology: The material ratio is 4 parts neutral wood ash, 2 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 2 parts desulfurized gypsum.
[0025] Low-salinity saline-alkali land can be transformed into fertile land in one year; high and extremely high saline-alkali land requires 3-5 years to be transformed.
[0026] 1. Raw material collection and pretreatment
[0027] Sufficient amounts of wood ash are collected from biomass (straw) power plants and pre-treated by screening and drying to remove impurities and moisture. Using specialized pelletizing equipment, the treated wood ash is then processed into uniform granules of 2.5-3.5 mm.
[0028] 2. Preparation of mixed particles
[0029] Accurately weigh polyglutamic acid, amino acids, organic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other components, and mix them thoroughly in a stirring container according to a predetermined ratio. Then, use granulation equipment to make the mixture into granules of 2.5-4.0 mm, and dry them to ensure the stability and quality of the granules.
[0030] 3. Mixing and Proportion Control
[0031] The prepared wood ash granules and mixed organic matter granules are thoroughly mixed in a large mixing device at a ratio of 60-80 parts wood ash granules and 30-40 parts mixed organic matter granules to ensure uniform mixing.
[0032] 4. Soil alkalinity testing
[0033] Before the transformation, professional soil testing instruments and methods were used to conduct a comprehensive and accurate test on the alkalinity of the saline-alkali land, obtaining key indicators such as soil pH value, salinity, and nutrient content.
[0034] 5. Precise application and management
[0035] Based on the soil alkalinity test results, calculate the required amount of mixed granules per acre. Apply the mixed granules evenly to the soil surface, followed by deep tillage or rotary tillage to ensure thorough mixing. For soils with high alkalinity, increase the application rate and treatment time accordingly; for soils with low alkalinity, reduce the application rate, aiming to complete the treatment within the same year. During the treatment process, regularly monitor soil properties and crop growth, adjusting management measures such as irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control as needed.
[0036] Location: [Limin Town, Hulan District, Harbin City]
[0037] Land conditions: The area has a large area of saline-alkali land with severe salinization. The soil pH value is as high as 9.2, the salt content exceeds 0.6%, the soil texture is heavy and clayey, and the aeration and water retention are extremely poor.
[0038] Renovation measures:
[0039] First, a comprehensive soil alkalinity test is conducted to determine the specific salinity index.
[0040] Apply 600 kg of mixed granules per acre, including 400 kg of wood ash granules and 200 kg of mixed organic matter granules. Use a large fertilizer spreader to spread the mixture evenly, and then use a deep plow to till the soil to a depth of 35 cm.
[0041] For irrigation, flood irrigation should be carried out within a week after the application of granules, followed by appropriate irrigation every 10-15 days depending on soil moisture.
[0042] In terms of fertilization management, apply an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting crops, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer as top dressing during the growth period according to the needs of crops.
[0043] Regular weeding and pest and disease control work should be carried out, using a strategy that prioritizes biological control and supplements it with chemical control.
[0044] Improvement Results: After three years of continuous improvement, the soil pH value dropped below 7.5, the salinity decreased to below 0.2%, the soil texture improved significantly, becoming loose and porous, with greatly enhanced aeration and water retention. Crops grew well, and yields increased year by year, from almost no harvest initially to over 500 kg per mu after the improvement.
[0045] Case 2
[0046] Location: [Limin Town, Hulan District, Harbin City]
[0047] Land conditions: The soil is moderately salinized, with a pH of about 8.7 and a salt content of about 0.4%. The soil texture is loam, and its aeration and water retention are average.
[0048] Renovation measures:
[0049] Accurately measure soil alkalinity and fertility indicators.
[0050] Apply 500 kg of mixed granules per acre, including 300 kg of wood ash granules and 200 kg of mixed organic matter granules. After spreading evenly, till the soil to a depth of 30 cm.
[0051] Irrigation is carried out using drip irrigation, and the amount of water is flexibly adjusted according to the crop growth stage and weather conditions.
[0052] Fertilization should combine organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, with a reasonable combination of base fertilizer and top dressing.
[0053] Strengthen field patrols to promptly identify and address weed and pest problems.
[0054] Results of the renovation: After two years of renovation, the soil pH value stabilized at around 7.8, and the salinity decreased to around 0.15%. Crops were able to grow normally, and the yield increased by about 30% compared to before the renovation, significantly enhancing the sustainable use of the land.
[0055] Case 3
[0056] Location: [Limin Town, Hulan District, Harbin City]
[0057] Land conditions: The degree of salinization is relatively mild, the soil pH value is about 8.2, the salt content is about 0.2%, the soil texture is sandy loam, the soil has good air permeability but insufficient water retention.
[0058] Renovation measures:
[0059] Detailed testing of soil properties.
[0060] Apply 450 kg of mixed granules per acre, including 280 kg of wood ash granules and 170 kg of mixed organic matter granules. After spreading, perform shallow tillage to a depth of 25 cm.
[0061] Irrigation is done by sprinkler irrigation, keeping the soil moist but not too wet.
[0062] Apply organic fertilizers and micronutrient fertilizers appropriately to meet the nutritional needs of crop growth.
[0063] Perform routine weeding and pest and disease monitoring.
[0064] Results of the transformation: After the transformation was completed that year, the soil properties were significantly improved, the pH value dropped to around 7.5, and the water retention capacity was significantly enhanced. Crops grew well and achieved the expected yield, and the land's productive potential was effectively tapped.
[0065] In summary, the saline-alkali land improvement method of this invention has been verified through extensive practical application, demonstrating significant effectiveness and broad application prospects. Through continuous optimization and refinement of implementation details, it can provide an innovative, efficient, and sustainable solution for saline-alkali land improvement in my country and globally, making a significant contribution to ensuring food security, promoting sustainable agricultural development, and protecting the ecological environment.
[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for improving a saline soil, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Preparation of wood ash granules: Wood ash is collected from biomass power plants, screened to remove impurities and large particles, and then crushed to a particle size range of 2.5-3.5mm using specialized crushing equipment. Preparation of mixed organic matter particles: Polyglutamic acid, amino acids, and organic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are selected, mixed in a precise ratio, and then made into particles by advanced granulation technology, with the particle size controlled at 2.5-4.0 mm. Granular mixing: Mix wood ash granules and mixed organic matter granules in a large mixing device at a ratio of 60-80 parts wood ash granules to 30-40 parts mixed organic matter granules; Precise application rate determination: Based on the precise measurement of the alkalinity value of saline-alkali land, combined with factors such as soil physical structure and fertility, the amount of organic matter particles required per acre is precisely calculated. The application rate per acre is between 400-600 kg. The transformation period is determined according to the alkalinity of the soil. Soils with lower alkalinity can be transformed in one year, while soils with higher alkalinity can be transformed by continuous application for three years.
2. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned low-neutral alkaline land treatment technology uses a material ratio of 4 parts neutral wood ash, 3 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 1 part desulfurized gypsum.
3. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned high-efficiency saline-alkali land treatment technology uses a material ratio of 4 parts neutral wood ash, 2 parts organic matter, 2 parts amino acids, and 2 parts desulfurized gypsum.
4. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation step of the plant ash granules, the screening operation must ensure the removal of particles with a diameter greater than 3.5 mm and impurities.
5. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation step of the mixed organic matter particles, the precise proportions are determined through multiple experiments based on soil fertility requirements, salinity neutralization requirements, and the synergistic effects of each component, ensuring that the mixed material can optimize soil properties to the greatest extent.
6. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the particle mixing step, the large mixing equipment has a stirring rate adjustment function, which can adjust the stirring rate according to the material characteristics during the mixing process to ensure that the wood ash particles and the mixed organic matter particles are uniformly mixed and avoid agglomeration.
7. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the precise application amount determination step, the alkalinity value of the saline-alkali land is accurately measured using a professional soil testing instrument with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1 pH.
8. The method for reconstructing saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformation process also includes subsequent management steps, such as regular monitoring of the transformed land, including changes in soil properties and crop growth, and adjustments to management measures such as irrigation, fertilization, and pest and disease control based on the monitoring results.