A multi-channel molecular interaction detection device and detection method based on imaging and photodiode array detection

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-channel molecular interaction detection device and method based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, and relates to the technical field of molecular interaction detection. The device comprises a multi-channel optical fiber array, an imaging optical system, a photoelectric detection unit and a signal processing module. The imaging optical system can perform spatial separation imaging on multiple light signals, or perform time sequence separation imaging through a high-speed shutter and channel polling. The photoelectric detection unit adopts a CMOS / CCD area sensor, a photodiode array or a photomultiplier tube array, so that a single detection module replaces traditional multiple spectrometers. The signal processing module realizes non-crosstalk signal extraction and analysis of each channel through ROI partition, time sequence division or channel addressing. The application can be compatible with multiple signals such as biological layer interference spectrum, laser reflection spectrum and up-conversion nanometer material probe emission spectrum, has the advantages of low cost, small size, high channel consistency and strong expansibility, can effectively suppress channel crosstalk, and is suitable for high-throughput detection scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of molecular interaction detection technology, specifically relating to a device and method that uses area array / single-point optical / electric detectors such as CMOS / CCD cameras, photodiode arrays, and PMT arrays to replace spectrometers, and achieves multi-channel parallel detection through a single detection module. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular interaction detection is widely used in biopharmaceuticals, in vitro diagnostics, and basic life science research. Among them, biolayer interferometry (BLI) has become one of the mainstream detection methods due to its advantages of label-free, real-time, and rapid detection. Existing BLI molecular interaction detection systems generally have the following technical defects: (1) High cost of signal acquisition unit: Traditional BLI detection uses a spectrometer as the core signal acquisition unit. The price of a single spectrometer is high, resulting in a high overall cost; (2) Poor multi-channel scalability: Multi-channel parallel detection requires one-to-one configuration of multiple spectrometers. As the number of channels increases, the cost increases exponentially, and the optical path structure becomes drastically complex, resulting in a large device size that is difficult to integrate and miniaturize; (3) Poor channel consistency: When multiple spectrometers work in parallel, differences in device parameters and optical path deviations can easily cause signal drift and uneven sensitivity between channels, affecting detection accuracy and repeatability; (4) Difficulty in system integration: The multi-spectral architecture significantly increases the difficulty of optical path coupling, signal synchronization, and data analysis, which is not conducive to the engineering implementation of high-throughput (such as 384-well plates and 128-channel) detection scenarios.

[0003] The aforementioned problems also exist in molecular interaction detection technologies based on soil upconversion nanomaterial probes. For example, Chinese patent applications CN121595868A and CN121113974A, etc., similarly only use a spectrometer to collect the emission spectra generated by the excited UCNPs of a single detection channel sensor.

[0004] While existing technologies have proposed using CMOS / CCD cameras to replace spectrometers for single-channel signal acquisition, a mature multi-channel coplanar imaging and partition / temporal analysis scheme has not yet been developed. This makes it impossible to truly achieve low-cost, high-consistency multi-channel detection by replacing multispectral instruments with a single set of optoelectronic modules, which is insufficient to meet the industrialization needs of high-throughput molecular interaction detection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] This invention aims to overcome the problems of high cost, large size, poor channel consistency, and weak scalability of existing technologies, and provides a device and method for realizing multi-channel parallel detection with a single set of optical / electric detectors, which significantly reduces hardware costs, improves channel consistency, simplifies system structure, and broadens the types of detection signals to meet the needs of high-throughput molecular interaction detection.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel molecular interaction detection device based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, comprising: a multi-channel fiber array, an imaging optical system, an optical / electric detector, and a signal processing module;

[0009] The multi-channel fiber array contains N independent optical fibers, each optical fiber corresponding to a detection channel.

[0010] The imaging optical system is used to collimate and focus the optical signals output from multiple optical fibers to achieve spatial separation imaging, or to achieve temporal separation imaging by using a high-speed shutter in conjunction with channel polling, and to project each optical signal onto the photosensitive surface of the photo / electric detector.

[0011] The optical / electric detector is a detection device that converts optical signals into electrical signals. It is used to receive the light spot signal projected by the imaging optical system and output electrical signals or image signals that can be read by the signal processing module. The optical / electric detector is selected from CMOS / CCD area array sensor, photodiode array (PD array), photomultiplier tube array (PMT array), or area array and single-point hybrid detection module.

[0012] The signal processing module is used to receive electrical signals / image signals output by the photoelectric detector, extract detection data of each channel according to channel partitioning, time sequence differentiation or addressing method, complete signal processing, calculation and output the molecular interaction detection results corresponding to each detection channel in the multi-channel.

[0013] Preferably, the output ends of the multi-channel fiber array are arranged linearly or in a matrix; multiple optical signals are converged by the same imaging optical system and imaged on the photosensitive surface of the same photo / electric detector to form independent, non-overlapping, and crosstalk-free light spots.

[0014] Preferably, when the optical / electric detector is a single CMOS / CCD area array camera, the optical signals of all channels are projected onto the same target surface using spatially separated coplanar imaging or high-speed shutter timing polling imaging. The signal processing module achieves crosstalk-free analysis of the signals of each channel through ROI partitioning or timing differentiation. When the optical / electric detector is a photodiode array (PD array) or photomultiplier tube array (PMT array), each optical fiber corresponds to an independent detection unit, and each independent detection unit converts the optical signal of the corresponding optical path into an electrical signal. The signal processing module achieves synchronous reading and analysis of the signals of each channel through channel addressing. Alternatively, the optical signals of each channel are projected onto the same detection unit in a time-division manner and converted into electrical signals through high-speed shutter timing polling. The signal processing module achieves crosstalk-free analysis of the signals of each channel through timing differentiation.

[0015] Preferably, the imaging optical system includes a filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens, an imaging objective lens, or a high-speed shutter assembly, used to collimate, focus, and spatially or temporally separate the optical signals output from multiple optical fibers, so that they are imaged onto the photosensitive surface of the photodetector in the form of independent and clear light spots.

[0016] Preferably, the signal processing module includes a signal conditioning unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a storage and output unit, used to amplify, filter, perform analog-to-digital conversion, partition extraction, time sequence differentiation, or address reading and calculation analysis on the detected optical or electrical signals, and output multi-channel detection data.

[0017] Preferably, the optical signal collected and transmitted by the multi-channel fiber array is any optical signal carrying molecular interaction information, including but not limited to biological layer interference spectral signals, laser reflection spectral signals, or upconversion nanomaterial probe emission spectral signals.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a multi-channel molecular interaction detection method based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, which includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Multiple detection channels simultaneously undergo molecular interactions and generate optical signals, which are then transmitted independently via a multi-channel fiber optic array.

[0020] S2. Multiple optical signals enter the imaging optical system, are collimated and focused, and then spatially separated, or are temporally separated by a high-speed shutter and channel polling, and then projected onto the photo / electric detector.

[0021] S3. A single set of photo / electric detectors receives multiple optical signals and converts them into electrical signals or image signals;

[0022] S4. The signal processing module independently analyzes the signals of each channel through ROI partitioning extraction, timing differentiation, or channel addressing.

[0023] S5. Output multi-channel parallel detection results to complete molecular interaction detection.

[0024] Preferably, in S1, the optical signal generated by the molecular interaction includes a biological layer interference spectrum signal, a laser reflection spectrum signal, or an upconversion nanomaterial probe emission spectrum signal.

[0025] Preferably, in S3-S4: when a single CMOS / CCD camera is used as a photoelectric detector, signal analysis is achieved by multi-channel spatial separation coplanar imaging + ROI partitioning extraction, or by high-speed shutter + channel polling time-sequence separation imaging to distinguish and analyze the signals of each channel in time sequence;

[0026] Among them, the ROI partitioning of the CMOS / CCD photosensitive surface is to divide the image into multiple independent regions of interest, each region corresponding to a spot of a detection channel, so as to realize independent extraction and crosstalk-free analysis of the signals of each channel.

[0027] When using a PD array or PMT array as a photoelectric detector, the optical signal of each channel is converted into an electrical signal by the corresponding independent detection unit. The synchronous reading and parsing of the signals of each channel is achieved through channel addressing. Alternatively, the optical signal of each channel is projected onto the same detection unit in a time-division manner and converted into an electrical signal through a high-speed shutter timing polling method. The signal processing module achieves crosstalk-free parsing of the signals of each channel through timing differentiation.

[0028] When the multi-channel molecular interaction detection device of the present invention is working, multiple detection channels simultaneously generate molecular interactions and detection optical signals. Each optical signal is independently transmitted to the imaging optical system via a multi-channel fiber array. The imaging optical system collimates and focuses the multiple optical signals, forming multiple independent, non-overlapping light spots through spatial separation and imaging them onto the same photo / electric detector, or using a high-speed shutter in conjunction with channel polling to achieve temporal separation and project them sequentially onto the same photo / electric detector. The photo / electric detector converts the optical signals into electrical signals or image signals and sends them to the signal processing module. The signal processing module extracts the signals of each channel according to preset ROI partitioning, temporal differentiation, or channel address, and outputs multi-channel parallel detection data after processing and analysis, thus completing high-throughput molecular interaction detection.

[0029] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0030] This invention enables a single photoelectric detection module to replace multiple spectrometers, significantly reducing costs, minimizing size, and improving channel consistency while ensuring detection performance. It also provides two crosstalk-free detection modes: spatial separation imaging and high-speed shutter + channel polling temporal separation imaging. Combined with ROI partitioning, temporal differentiation, or channel addressing readout methods, it achieves stable parallel detection across multiple channels. The system boasts strong scalability, wide signal applicability, and high feasibility, significantly improving the stability, flexibility, and economy of high-throughput molecular interaction detection. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of the multi-channel molecular interaction detection device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multichannel molecular interaction detection device in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multichannel molecular interaction detection device in Example 2.

[0034] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the multichannel molecular interaction detection device in Example 3.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multichannel molecular interaction detection device in Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel molecular interaction detection device based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following components:

[0038] Multi-channel fiber array: contains N independent optical fibers, each corresponding to a detection channel, used to collect and transmit molecular interaction optical signals; the output ends of the optical fibers are arranged linearly or in a matrix to ensure that each signal is spatially separable;

[0039] Imaging optical system: Used for collimating, focusing, and spatially separating multiple optical signals output from optical fibers, projecting multiple optical signals onto the photosensitive surface of the same photo / electric detector to form independent, non-overlapping light spots; signal coupling and projection or conversion into electrical signals can be achieved using imaging mode or high-speed shutter + channel polling mode. The imaging optical system may include filters, collimating lenses, focusing lenses, imaging objectives, or high-speed shutter components.

[0040] Photo / electric detector: It is selected from any of the following structures:

[0041] ① A single CMOS / CCD area array sensor, where all channel optical signals are simultaneously imaged onto the same photosensitive surface.

[0042] ② Photodiode array (PD Array): Each channel corresponds to an independent photodiode, enabling fast electrical signal output.

[0043] ③ Photomultiplier tube array (PMT Array) is suitable for weak light molecular interaction detection, providing single-photon level sensitivity and outputting an electrical signal.

[0044] Signal processing module: used to divide the ROI region and distinguish the timing of the CMOS / CCD photosensitive surface in the photodetector unit, or to use channel addressing and timing to distinguish the PD array and PMT array, so as to realize independent analysis of data of each channel; extract the detection information such as light intensity and fluorescence lifetime of each light spot, and sequentially complete signal amplification, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and calculation analysis, and finally output the molecular interaction detection results corresponding to each channel.

[0045] The multi-channel fiber array contains N independent optical fibers, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, including but not limited to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 channels, and the channel configuration can be flexibly expanded according to high-throughput detection requirements.

[0046] The spatial separation imaging specifically refers to the following: multiple optical signals are arranged at different spatial positions after being controlled by the imaging optical system, and simultaneously imaged on the same CMOS / CCD photosensitive surface to form independent light spots that do not overlap; or multiple optical signals are respectively incident on different independent detection units in the PD array / PMT array, and synchronously converted into multiple independent electrical signals to achieve crosstalk-free acquisition of multiple channels in the spatial dimension.

[0047] Unlike spatial separation imaging, this invention can also employ a temporal separation mode, achieving temporal separation through a high-speed shutter combined with channel polling: rapid switching of the high-speed shutter sequentially selects different detection channels according to a preset time sequence, ensuring that the CMOS / CCD camera, PD array, or PMT array receives only the optical signal from a single channel at different times (the CMOS / CCD camera acquires the light spot, and the PD array or PMT array acquires the electrical signal). Multi-channel crosstalk-free detection is achieved through temporal separation. The high-speed shutter component is integrated into the imaging optical system, achieving channel polling and temporal separation through high-speed on / off control. The switching action of channel polling is executed collaboratively by the imaging optical system according to the control commands of the signal processing module, working with the signal processing module to complete time-division acquisition, temporal matching, and independent analysis of multi-channel optical signals.

[0048] In this process, the CMOS / CCD photosensitive surface is partitioned into Regions of Interest (ROIs), which means dividing the image into multiple independent regions of interest. Each region corresponds to a spot of light from a detection channel, enabling independent extraction and crosstalk-free analysis of signals from each channel.

[0049] Channel addressing refers to assigning addresses to each independent detection unit (the number of independent detection units is greater than or equal to the number of detection channels) in the PD array / PMT array, reading the corresponding channel signal according to the address, and realizing synchronous / polling acquisition.

[0050] In this invention, a single optical / electric detector is used to replace multiple traditional spectrometers. All channels share the same detector and optical path, which significantly improves channel consistency, reduces hardware costs, and reduces system size.

[0051] This invention is applicable to the detection of various molecular interaction optical signals. It can be any optical signal carrying molecular interaction detection information, but is not limited to biolayer interference (BLI) signals, laser reflection spectral signals, and upconversion nanomaterial probe emission signals, and has wide applicability.

[0052] The main features of the molecular interaction detection device of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] (1) Multiple fiber optic signals are imaged to the same optical / electric detector via the same imaging optical system;

[0054] (2) The light spots of each channel are independently distributed on the photosensitive surface, without overlap or crosstalk;

[0055] (3) Supports parallel or polling acquisition of multi-channel signals;

[0056] (4) A single detection module can replace multiple spectrometers, and the number of channels can be flexibly expanded (8 channels, 16 channels, 32 channels, 128 channels, etc.).

[0057] Secondly, this invention provides a multi-channel molecular interaction detection method based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1. Multiple detection channels simultaneously undergo molecular interactions and generate optical signals, which are then transmitted independently via a multi-channel fiber optic array.

[0059] S2. Multiple optical signals enter the imaging optical system, are collimated and focused, and then spatially separated, or are temporally separated by a high-speed shutter and channel polling, and then projected onto the photo / electric detector.

[0060] S3. A single set of photo / electric detectors receives multiple optical signals and converts them into electrical signals or image signals;

[0061] S4. The signal processing module independently analyzes the signals of each channel by ROI partitioning, timing differentiation, or channel addressing.

[0062] S5. Output multi-channel parallel detection results to complete molecular interaction detection.

[0063] Compared to traditional multispectral molecular interaction detection systems, this invention, through its integrated technical solution of multi-channel fiber array + single optical / electric detector + imaging / regional readout, possesses the following outstanding technical advantages:

[0064] First, hardware costs are significantly reduced. This invention uses a single CMOS / CCD camera, PD array, or PMT array to replace multiple spectrometers. The more channels there are, the more significant the cost advantage. Taking 128-channel high-throughput detection as an example, hardware costs can be reduced by more than 70%, making it highly valuable for industrialization.

[0065] Secondly, channel consistency is significantly improved. All detection channels in this invention share the same imaging optical system and the same detection unit, eliminating channel drift caused by differences in multiple devices and optical path deviations at the source. This ensures high consistency in sensitivity and stability across all channels, resulting in more accurate and repeatable detection results.

[0066] Third, the system structure is miniaturized and more integrated. This invention eliminates the complex optical path of multispectral analyzers, and a single detection module can achieve multi-channel parallel detection, significantly reducing the size of the equipment, simplifying the structure, and facilitating equipment integration, portability, and high-throughput expansion.

[0067] Fourth, crosstalk-free, high signal-to-noise ratio detection. This invention supports spatial separation imaging and high-speed shutter timing polling imaging, making the light spots of each channel independent and non-overlapping. Combined with ROI partitioning or channel addressing reading, it achieves crosstalk-free and independent signal extraction between channels, effectively improving the detection signal-to-noise ratio and signal stability.

[0068] Fifth, it is highly scalable and adaptable to high-throughput scenarios. The number of channels in this invention can be flexibly expanded, easily supporting configurations such as 8 channels, 16 channels, 32 channels, and 128 channels, adapting to high-throughput molecular interaction detection needs such as 96-well plates and 384-well plates.

[0069] Sixth, it is applicable to a wide range of signal types. The device of this invention is compatible with any optical signal carrying molecular interaction detection information, including but not limited to biolayer interference spectroscopy, laser reflection spectroscopy, upconversion nanomaterial probe emission spectroscopy, and other molecular interaction optical signals, making it highly versatile and applicable to a wide range of applications.

[0070] The following description is based on preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is an 8-channel spatial separation imaging detection device. The device includes: an 8-channel linear fiber array 10, an imaging optical system 20, a monochrome CMOS camera 30, and a signal processing module 40. The multi-channel fiber array 10 comprises 8 independent optical fibers, with their output ends arranged linearly and neatly. Each optical fiber corresponds to an independent detection channel, used to collect and transmit optical signals carrying molecular interaction information. In this embodiment, each independent detection channel uses a sensor modified with rare-earth upconversion nanomaterial particles to detect molecular interactions and transmits upconversion emission optical signals carrying molecular interaction information to each optical fiber. The detection sensor can be referenced in prior patents such as CN119198650B, CN121595868A, and CN121113974A.

[0073] The imaging optical system 20, composed of a collimating lens and a focusing lens, is used to collimate, focus, and spatially separate the optical signals output from the eight optical fibers, enabling each optical signal to be imaged onto the photosensitive surface of the CMOS camera 30 as independent, clear, and non-overlapping light spots. The monochrome CMOS area array camera 30 can simultaneously receive the imaging spots from eight channels and convert the optical signals into image signals. The signal processing module 40 performs preset ROI partitioning on the image output from the CMOS camera, dividing the image into eight independent regions of interest, each corresponding to a channel light spot. This enables independent extraction and crosstalk-free analysis of the signals from each channel, and amplifies, filters, performs analog-to-digital conversion, and performs computational analysis on the signals, outputting eight channels of parallel detection data.

[0074] In this embodiment, a single CMOS camera 30 can replace eight spectrometers in the traditional solution, reducing hardware costs by more than 70%. All channels share the same optical path and the same detector, resulting in excellent channel consistency, no crosstalk, and a high signal-to-noise ratio, enabling stable high-throughput parallel detection of molecular interactions.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an 8-channel molecular interaction detection device based on high-speed shutter and channel polling. The device includes: an 8-channel matrix fiber array 10, an imaging optical system 20 integrating a high-speed shutter component, a CMOS camera 30, and a signal processing module 40.

[0077] The multi-channel fiber array 10 contains eight independent optical fibers, with the output ends arranged in a matrix. Unlike Embodiment 1, the imaging optical system 20 is equipped with a high-speed shutter assembly, which can achieve channel polling timing separation through high-speed on / off control. It sequentially selects the optical signals of each channel according to a preset order, ensuring that only one optical signal enters the CMOS camera 30 at any given time. The high-speed shutter assembly is controlled by the signal processing module 40 to perform its tasks. The CMOS camera 30, acting as a photodetector, receives the optical signals of each channel in a time-division manner and completes image acquisition with the assistance of the high-speed shutter. The signal processing module distinguishes, extracts, and synchronizes the signals of each channel according to the shutter polling timing, reconstructing the detection data of each channel according to the timing correspondence, thus achieving multi-channel crosstalk-free time-division detection.

[0078] This embodiment achieves timing separation through high-speed shutter and channel polling, eliminating the need for strict control over the spatial position of the light spot. Even if the light spot spacing is small or there is partial overlap, crosstalk-free signal resolution can still be achieved, resulting in a more flexible optical path layout and stronger system adaptability, while maintaining the advantages of low cost and high consistency of a single detector.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides an 8-channel molecular interaction detection device based on a PD array. The device includes: an 8-channel fiber array 10, an imaging optical system 20, an 8-channel silicon photodiode (PD) array 30, and a signal processing module 40. Unlike Embodiment 1, this embodiment uses the silicon photodiode (PD) array 30 to convert the optical signal carrying molecular interaction information into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is acquired and processed by the signal processing module.

[0081] Each optical fiber corresponds to an independent detection unit in the PD array 30 (at least 8 independent detection units are set in this embodiment). The PD array 30, as a photoelectric detector, is used to synchronously convert the optical signals of each channel into electrical signals, and has the characteristics of fast response speed, simple structure and low cost. The signal processing module 40 reads the output signal of each PD unit in the PD array 30 using channel addressing, independently acquires and analyzes the detection data of each channel, and realizes synchronous parallel detection of 8 channels.

[0082] This embodiment eliminates the need for area array imaging and ROI partitioning, resulting in a simplified circuit structure, faster detection speed, and further reduced hardware costs. It is suitable for high-throughput molecular interaction detection scenarios that require high detection rates and are cost-sensitive.

[0083] The PD array in the above embodiments can also be replaced by a photomultiplier tube (PMT) array, with each optical fiber corresponding to an independent detection unit of one PMT array (at least 8 independent detection units are set in this embodiment). The signal processing module 40 synchronously reads the output signal of each PMT unit in the PMT array 30 through channel addressing to complete the amplification, noise reduction, and resolution of the weak light signal. The multi-channel detection system using a PMT array as the detection unit is particularly suitable for detecting low-concentration, low-luminescence-intensity, and weak-light molecular interactions; while ensuring multi-channel parallelism and high consistency, it significantly improves the system's detection sensitivity, meeting the needs of detecting trace and ultra-trace biomolecular interactions.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an 8-channel molecular interaction detection device based on time-sequential polling of a single detection unit. The device includes an 8-channel fiber array 10, an imaging optical system 20, a photomultiplier tube (PMT) detector array 30, and a signal processing module 40.

[0086] The photomultiplier tube (PMT) detector array 30 contains only one independent detection unit, which is adapted to the 8-channel fiber array 10. The optical signals carrying molecular interaction information transmitted by the 8-channel fiber array 10 are time-sequentially separated by the high-speed shutter and channel polling integrated in the imaging optics system 20 and projected onto the single detection unit in the PMT detector array 30 in a time-division manner. The single detection unit converts each optical signal into an electrical signal that is time-separated and transmits it to the signal processing module 40. The signal processing module 40 completes crosstalk-free analysis and data extraction of each channel signal through a time-sequential separation method.

[0087] In this embodiment, the PMT detector array only needs to be configured with one independent detection unit to match 8 detection channels, eliminating the need to set up multiple sets of PMT detector devices equal to the number of channels, thus significantly saving the cost of high-sensitivity detection hardware. It relies on high-speed shutter and channel polling to achieve effective separation of light signals in the time dimension. All channels share the same imaging optical path and the same PMT detection unit, eliminating detection deviations caused by differences in parameters of multiple devices. It has excellent channel consistency, detection repeatability and low light sensitivity, and is suitable for high-throughput detection scenarios of multi-channel molecular interactions under low concentration and weak signal conditions.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions, or combinations of technical features in the above embodiments that do not conflict with each other, can be made in accordance with the manner described in the embodiments. These modifications, substitutions or combinations do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel molecular interaction detection device based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, characterized in that, include: Multi-channel fiber optic array, imaging optical system, optical / electric detector and signal processing module; The multi-channel fiber array contains N independent optical fibers, each optical fiber corresponding to a detection channel. The imaging optical system is used to collimate and focus the optical signals output from multiple optical fibers to achieve spatial separation imaging, or to achieve temporal separation imaging by using a high-speed shutter in conjunction with channel polling, and to project each optical signal onto the photosensitive surface of the photo / electric detector. The optical / electric detector is a detection device that converts optical signals into electrical signals. It is used to receive the light spot signal projected by the imaging optical system and output an electrical signal or image signal that can be read by the signal processing module. The optical / electric detector is selected from CMOS / CCD area array sensor, photodiode array, photomultiplier tube array, or area array and single-point hybrid detection module. The signal processing module is used to receive electrical signals / image signals output by the photoelectric detector, extract detection data of each channel according to channel partitioning, time sequence differentiation or addressing method, complete signal processing, calculation and output the molecular interaction detection results corresponding to each detection channel in the multi-channel.

2. The multi-channel molecular interaction detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output ends of the multi-channel fiber array are arranged linearly or in a matrix; multiple optical signals are converged through the same imaging optical system and imaged on the photosensitive surface of the same photo / electric detector, forming independent, non-overlapping, and crosstalk-free light spots.

3. The multi-channel molecular interaction detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the photo / electric detector is a single CMOS / CCD area array camera, the optical signals of all channels are projected onto the same target surface in a spatially separated coplanar imaging or high-speed shutter timing polling imaging mode. The signal processing module achieves crosstalk-free analysis of the signals of each channel by reading the ROI partition or distinguishing the timing. When the optical / electric detector is a photodiode array or a photomultiplier tube array, each optical fiber corresponds to an independent detection unit, and each independent detection unit converts the optical signal of the corresponding optical path into an electrical signal. The signal processing module realizes the synchronous reading and parsing of the signals of each channel through channel addressing; or, through a high-speed shutter timing polling method, the optical signals of each channel are projected onto the same detection unit in a time-division manner and converted into electrical signals. The signal processing module realizes the crosstalk-free parsing of the signals of each channel through timing differentiation.

4. The multi-channel molecular interaction detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging optical system includes filters, collimating lenses, focusing lenses, imaging objectives or high-speed shutter components, used to collimate, focus and spatially separate or temporally separate the optical signals output from multiple optical fibers, so that they are imaged on the photosensitive surface of the photo / electric detector in the form of independent and clear light spots.

5. The multi-channel molecular interaction detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal processing module includes a signal conditioning unit, a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a storage and output unit. It is used to amplify, filter, perform analog-to-digital conversion, partition extraction, time sequence differentiation, or addressing reading and calculation analysis on the detected optical or electrical signals, and output multi-channel detection data.

6. The multi-channel molecular interaction detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical signals collected and transmitted by the multi-channel fiber array include biological layer interference spectral signals, laser reflection spectral signals, or upconversion nanomaterial probe emission spectral signals.

7. A multi-channel molecular interaction detection method based on imaging and photoelectric array detection, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Multiple detection channels simultaneously undergo molecular interactions and generate optical signals, which are then transmitted independently via a multi-channel fiber optic array. S2. Multiple optical signals enter the imaging optical system, are collimated and focused, and then spatially separated, or are temporally separated by a high-speed shutter and channel polling, and then projected onto the photo / electric detector. S3. A single set of photo / electric detectors receives multiple optical signals and converts them into electrical signals or image signals; S4. The signal processing module independently analyzes the signals of each channel through ROI partitioning extraction, timing differentiation, or channel addressing. S5. Output multi-channel parallel detection results to complete molecular interaction detection.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S1, the optical signal generated by the molecular interaction includes a biological layer interference spectrum signal, a laser reflection spectrum signal, or an upconversion nanomaterial probe emission spectrum signal.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S3-S4: When a single CMOS / CCD camera is used as a photo / electronic detector, signal analysis is achieved through multi-channel spatial separation coplanar imaging + ROI partitioning extraction, or by using high-speed shutter + channel polling time-series separation imaging to distinguish and analyze the signals of each channel in time sequence. Among them, the ROI partitioning of the CMOS / CCD photosensitive surface is to divide the image into multiple independent regions of interest, each region corresponding to a spot of a detection channel, so as to realize independent extraction and crosstalk-free analysis of the signals of each channel. When using a PD array or PMT array as a photoelectric detector, the optical signal of each channel is converted into an electrical signal by the corresponding independent detection unit. The synchronous reading and parsing of the signals of each channel is achieved through channel addressing. Alternatively, the optical signal of each channel is projected onto the same detection unit in a time-division manner and converted into an electrical signal through a high-speed shutter timing polling method. The signal processing module achieves crosstalk-free parsing of the signals of each channel through timing differentiation.

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