A new carbon-based microbial organic amendment

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel carbon-based microbial organic soil conditioner, belonging to the field of soil improvement technology. It aims to solve the technical problems of existing conditioners, such as single-function effects, low microbial survival rates, poor long-term soil remediation effects, and insufficient nutrient utilization. The conditioner is composed of a modified carbon-based carrier, a composite functional microbial community, small-molecule organic carbon components, and synergistic ingredients in a specific ratio. This invention achieves a triple effect of improving soil physical structure, activating chemical nutrients, and regulating the biological microecology. It can improve microbial colonization and survival rates and nutrient utilization, passivate heavy metals and organic pollutants in the soil, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, realize the resource recycling of agricultural waste, and possess multiple values ​​of increasing yield and quality, soil remediation, and carbon sequestration. It is suitable for various farmland improvement and contaminated soil remediation scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil improvement and agricultural environmental protection technology, specifically involving a novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment, which is applicable to various scenarios of improving arable land quality, remediating soil pollution, and utilizing agricultural waste resources. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country's arable land faces multiple problems, including soil compaction, fertility decline, increased acidification and salinization, and heavy metal and organic pollution, which seriously restrict the green and sustainable development of agriculture. Traditional soil conditioners are mainly divided into three categories: organic conditioners, chemical conditioners, and microbial conditioners, but all have obvious limitations: organic conditioners release nutrients slowly and have a single function, making it difficult to achieve soil micro-ecological regulation; chemical conditioners, although effective, are prone to causing secondary soil pollution and damaging the soil microbial community structure; microbial conditioners suffer from low microbial survival rates, weak colonization ability, and poor long-term effectiveness, and most products can only achieve a single function, failing to meet the multiple needs of soil structure improvement, pollution remediation, and fertility enhancement.

[0003] Carbon-based materials, due to their porous structure, high specific surface area, and good stability, are widely used in soil improvement. However, their surface inertness limits their ability to adhere to and protect microorganisms, and single carbon-based materials cannot achieve synergistic nutrient supply. Existing carbon-based microbial amendments mostly employ simple mixing processes, resulting in poor compatibility between microorganisms and carbon-based carriers, insufficient supply of small-molecule nutrients, and insignificant synergistic effects, making it difficult to meet the improvement needs of complex soil environments. Meanwhile, the resource utilization rate of agricultural waste is low, and large-scale incineration or dumping easily causes environmental pollution. How to transform agricultural waste into efficient soil amendments and achieve "turning waste into treasure" has become an urgent technical challenge to be solved.

[0004] Therefore, developing a novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment that combines soil structure improvement, nutrient activation, microbial regulation, and pollution remediation functions, with high microbial survival rate, long-lasting effect, and the ability to achieve resource recycling of agricultural waste, has significant practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of existing soil conditioners, such as limited efficacy, low microbial survival rate, poor long-term effectiveness, insufficient nutrient utilization, and low utilization rate of agricultural waste resources, this invention provides a novel carbon-based microbial organic conditioner. Through component optimization and process innovation, it achieves triple improvement of soil physical, chemical, and biological processes, enhancing the improvement effect and long-term effectiveness, while promoting the resource recycling of agricultural waste.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: 1. A novel carbon-based microbial organic modifier, comprising, by weight percentage: 20%-40% modified carbon-based carrier, 5%-15% composite functional microbial community, 25%-45% small molecule organic carbon component, and 5%-15% synergistic ingredient; 2. The modified carbon-based carrier is made from agricultural waste through pyrolysis, surface modification, and elemental doping. The agricultural waste is selected from one or more of straw, sawdust, and fruit shells, preferably a mixture of corn straw and peanut shells, with a weight ratio of 2:1. This ratio balances the porous structure and nutrient storage capacity of the carbon-based carrier. The pyrolysis conditions are 400-700℃ oxygen-limited pyrolysis for 2-5 hours, preferably 550℃ for 3 hours. Under these conditions, the carbon-based carrier has a specific surface area of ​​150-300 m² / g and a porosity ≥50%, providing a good colonization microenvironment for microorganisms. Surface modification involves treatment with a 3%-5% chitosan solution, preferably 4% chitosan solution, for 1-3 hours, which improves the surface hydrophilicity and microbial adhesion of the carbon-based carrier. Elemental doping uses a phosphorus and silicon composite doping method, with a doping amount of 2%-5% of the carbon-based carrier weight, which enhances the passivation ability of heavy metals and the soil nutrient supply capacity, solving the problem of insufficient function of a single carbon-based carrier. 3. The composite functional microbial community includes at least three species selected from Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas, and mycorrhizal fungi, preferably a combination of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Pseudomonas, with a weight ratio of 1:2:2. This combination can achieve synergistic effects of phosphorus and potassium solubilization, nitrogen fixation, pathogen inhibition, and root growth promotion. The effective viable count of the microbial community is ≥10. 8 CFU / g, each strain has been selectively screened, has strong stress resistance, and can adapt to different soil environments (such as acidic and alkaline soils), solving the problems of limited effect and poor adaptability of single strains; 4. The small molecule organic carbon component is selected from one or more of monosaccharides, amino acids, and organic acids, preferably a mixture of glucose, glutamic acid and citric acid in a weight ratio of 3:2:1. It is prepared by microbial directional fermentation and enzymatic conversion process, with a molecular weight <1000Da and a purity ≥90%. It can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, while providing a rapidly available carbon source for microorganisms, promoting the enhancement of microbial activity and colonization. 5. The synergistic components include trace elements, enzyme preparations, microbial activators, and surfactants, in a weight ratio of 3:2:2:1. The trace elements are selected from a compound preparation of calcium, magnesium, boron, and zinc, which can replenish deficient trace elements in the soil and enhance crop resistance. The enzyme preparation is a compound preparation of cellulase and protease with an activity ≥1000 U / g, which can promote the degradation of macromolecular organic matter in the soil and activate soil nutrients. The microbial activator is fructooligosaccharide, which can stimulate microbial activity and prolong the survival period of microorganisms. The surfactant is a nonionic surfactant, which can improve soil moisture permeability and enhance the dispersibility of the amendment in the soil. 6. This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned novel carbon-based microbial organic modifier, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of modified carbon-based carrier: Agricultural waste is crushed to a particle size of 20-40 mesh, dried to a moisture content of ≤10%, placed in a pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzed at 400-700℃ under oxygen-limited conditions for 2-5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 3%-5% chitosan solution is added, stirred evenly, and soaked for 1-3 hours. Then, phosphorus and silicon doping element solutions are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 25-30℃ for 2-4 hours. After filtration and drying to a moisture content of ≤10%, the mixture is sieved to 20-40 mesh to obtain the modified carbon-based carrier. (2) Propagation of the composite microbial community: Each functional strain was inoculated into an agar slant culture medium and activated by culturing at 28-32℃ for 18-24 hours. The activated strains were then inoculated into a seed tank, and the temperature was adjusted to 28-32℃, the rotation speed to 150-200 r / min, and the dissolved oxygen level to 5-8 mg / L. The culture was then incubated for 12-16 hours, and then transferred to a fermenter. The carbon-nitrogen ratio was adjusted to 20-30:1, the temperature to 28-32℃, and the dissolved oxygen level to 5-8 mg / L. Fermentation was carried out for 24-36 hours. After fermentation, the microbial community was concentrated by centrifugation (5000-8000 r / min) to obtain an effective viable count ≥10. 9 Highly active bacterial solution with CFU / mL; (3) Preparation of small molecule organic carbon: Corn flour and soybean meal are used as substrates, and brewer's yeast is introduced for directional fermentation. The fermentation temperature is 28-32℃ and the fermentation time is 48-72h. Then, a cellulase and protease complex preparation is added, and enzymatic conversion is carried out at 30-35℃ for 1-2h. The small molecule organic carbon component is obtained by concentration and purification through gradient membrane separation technology (molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da). (4) Composite molding: The modified carbon-based carrier, small molecule organic carbon components and synergistic ingredients are put into a mixer and stirred evenly (200-300 r / min, stirring time 15-20 min). Then, the composite microbial liquid is added and stirred until it is evenly mixed. Sodium alginate encapsulating agent is added (the amount is 1%-5% of the total weight of the mixed system). After stirring evenly, it is dripped into 1%-2% calcium chloride solution and solidified for 30-60 min. After filtration, it is dried at 25-30℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%. It is then pulverized to 20-40 mesh, sieved, and packaged to obtain the finished product. 7. In step (4), low-temperature drying is used to avoid high-temperature damage to microbial activity and small molecule organic carbon structure; the quality index of the finished product is: effective viable bacteria count ≥10 8 CFU / g, organic matter ≥30%, biochar content ≥20%, moisture ≤15%, and heavy metal (Pb / Cd / As) passivation rate ≥30%; 8. This invention also provides applications of the above-mentioned novel carbon-based microbial organic soil conditioner for soil improvement, remediation of acidified / saline-alkali soils, and remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals or organics. Application methods include basal application or topdressing. The basal application rate is 50-200 kg / mu, and the topdressing rate is 10-30 kg / mu. Deep plowing in autumn is preferred for application, as it promotes microbial colonization and the stability of carbon-based materials. This conditioner can be used in conjunction with fertilizer reduction measures of 30%-50% to improve fertilizer utilization. Simultaneous application with fungicides should be avoided; the application interval should be 7-10 days to prevent fungicides from inhibiting microbial activity.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Triple Improvement and Synergistic Effect: This invention achieves triple effects of soil physical structure improvement, chemical nutrient activation, and biological microecological regulation through the synergistic action of modified carbon-based carriers, composite microbial communities, and small molecule organic carbon, solving the problem of single-function existing soil conditioners. The modified carbon-based carrier improves soil aeration, permeability, and water and fertilizer retention capacity; the composite microbial community activates soil nutrients and inhibits soil-borne diseases; and the small molecule organic carbon is directly supplied to crops and microorganisms, enhancing the overall improvement effect. 2. Significantly improved microbial survival rate and long-term effectiveness: By modifying the surface of the carbon-based carrier and doping with elements, the adhesion and colonization ability of microorganisms are improved. Combined with the adsorption-embedding integrated process, microorganisms are fixed in the porous structure of the carbon-based carrier, effectively protecting microorganisms from the effects of harsh soil environment and extending the survival period of microorganisms to more than 2 years, solving the problems of low survival rate and poor long-term effectiveness of existing microbial amendments. 3. Outstanding pollution remediation capabilities: The porous structure and doped elements of the modified carbon-based carrier can effectively passivate heavy metals in the soil and adsorb organic pollutants, reducing their bioavailability and crop absorption; the composite microbial community can degrade organic pollutants in the soil, regulate the soil microbial community structure, realize the ecological remediation of polluted soil, and adapt to a variety of pollution scenarios. 4. Agricultural waste recycling: Using agricultural waste such as straw and sawdust as raw materials to prepare carbon-based carriers, realizing the resource utilization of agricultural waste, reducing environmental pollution caused by burning or dumping, while increasing soil carbon sequestration and helping carbon neutrality. Each acre can fix 0.5-2 tons of carbon per year, which has both ecological and social benefits. 5. High nutrient utilization rate and significant yield and quality improvement effects: Small molecule organic carbon and compound microbial community work together to improve fertilizer utilization rate by more than 30%, reduce chemical fertilizer use, and lower agricultural production costs; at the same time, it promotes crop root growth, increases crop yield by 10-30%, and improves crop quality (such as increased vitamin C and protein content), taking into account both economic and ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the modified carbon-based support prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 Transmission electron microscopy image of the modified carbon-based support prepared in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Example 1

[0010] A novel carbon-based microbial organic modifier, by weight percentage, comprises the following: 30% modified carbon-based carrier, 10% composite functional microbial community, 40% small molecule organic carbon component, and 10% synergistic ingredient; Preparation method: (1) Preparation of modified carbon-based carrier: Corn stalks and peanut shells were mixed at a weight ratio of 2:1, crushed to 30 mesh, dried to moisture content ≤10%, placed in a pyrolysis furnace, pyrolyzed at 550℃ under oxygen limitation for 3h, cooled to room temperature, 4% chitosan solution was added, soaked for 2h, and then 3% phosphorus-silicon composite doping solution of carbon-based carrier weight was added. The mixture was stirred and reacted at 28℃ for 3h, filtered, dried to moisture content ≤10%, and sieved to 30 mesh to obtain modified carbon-based carrier; (2) Propagation of the composite microbial community: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:2:2 and inoculated separately into slant culture medium. After activation, the mixture was transferred to a seed tank and cultured at 30°C, 180 r / min, and dissolved oxygen 6 mg / L for 14 h. Then, the mixture was transferred to a fermenter, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was adjusted to 25:1. Fermentation was carried out at 30°C and dissolved oxygen 6 mg / L for 30 h. The mixture was then concentrated by centrifugation (6000 r / min) to obtain an effective viable count ≥10. 9 CFU / mL bacterial suspension; (3) Preparation of small molecule organic carbon: Corn flour and soybean meal were used as substrates, and brewer's yeast was inoculated and fermented at 30℃ for 60h. Cellulase and protease complex preparation (activity 1000U / g) were added and enzymatically converted at 32℃ for 1.5h. The small molecule organic carbon component (glucose, glutamic acid and citric acid mixed in 3:2:1) was obtained by separation through a 1000Da gradient membrane. (4) Composite molding: The modified carbon-based carrier, small molecule organic carbon components and synergistic components (calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc composite trace elements, cellulase and protease composite enzymes, fructooligosaccharides and Tween 80 mixed in a ratio of 3:2:2:1) are put into a mixer and stirred at 250 r / min for 18 min. The composite microbial liquid is added and stirred evenly. Then, 3% sodium alginate encapsulating agent is added and stirred evenly. 1.5% calcium chloride solution is added dropwise and solidified for 45 min. After filtration, it is dried at 28℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%. It is then pulverized to 30 mesh to obtain the finished product. Finished product quality inspection: Effective viable bacteria count 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g, organic matter 35%, biochar content 25%, moisture 12%, Pb passivation rate 38%, Cd passivation rate 42%; Application effects: When used in greenhouse vegetable continuous cropping plots (tomato planting), the base application rate is 100 kg / mu, which is combined with a 40% reduction in chemical fertilizer. Compared with conventional organic fertilizer, tomato yield is increased by 25%, the incidence of soil-borne wilt disease is reduced by 60%, soil bulk density is reduced by 18%, and water retention capacity is increased by 35%. Example 2

[0011] A novel carbon-based microbial organic modifier, by weight percentage, comprises the following: 25% modified carbon-based carrier, 12% composite functional microbial community, 45% small molecule organic carbon component, and 8% synergistic ingredient; Preparation method: (1) Preparation of modified carbon-based carrier: Wood chips and peanut shells were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1, crushed to 20 mesh, dried to moisture content ≤10%, placed in a pyrolysis furnace, pyrolyzed at 450℃ under oxygen limitation for 4h, cooled to room temperature, 3% chitosan solution was added, soaked for 3h, then 2% phosphorus-silicon composite doping solution of carbon-based carrier weight was added, stirred at 25℃ for 4h, filtered, dried to moisture content ≤10%, and sieved to 20 mesh to obtain modified carbon-based carrier; (2) Propagation of the composite microbial community: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and mycorrhizal fungi were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3:2 and inoculated separately into slant culture medium. After activation, the mixture was transferred to a seed tank and cultured at 28°C, 150 r / min, and dissolved oxygen 5 mg / L for 16 hours. Then, it was transferred to a fermenter, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was adjusted to 20:1. The fermentation was carried out at 28°C and dissolved oxygen 5 mg / L for 36 hours. The mixture was then concentrated by centrifugation (5000 r / min) to obtain an effective viable count ≥10. 9 CFU / mL bacterial suspension; (3) Preparation of small molecule organic carbon: Corn flour and soybean meal were used as substrates, and brewer's yeast was inoculated. Fermentation was carried out at 28℃ for 72h. Cellulase and protease complex preparation (activity 1000U / g) was added, and enzymatic conversion was carried out at 30℃ for 2h. Small molecule organic carbon components (glucose and glutamic acid mixed in 2:1) were obtained by separation through a 1000Da gradient membrane. (4) Composite molding: The modified carbon-based carrier, small molecule organic carbon components and synergistic components (calcium magnesium zinc composite trace elements, cellulase protease composite enzyme, oligofructose and Tween 80 mixed in 3:2:2:1) are put into a mixer and stirred at 200 r / min for 20 min. The composite microbial liquid is added and stirred evenly. Then, 2% sodium alginate encapsulating agent is added and stirred evenly. 1% calcium chloride solution is added dropwise and solidified for 60 min. After filtration, it is dried at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%. It is then pulverized to 20 mesh to obtain the finished product. Finished product quality inspection: Effective viable bacteria count 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g, organic matter 32%, biochar content 22%, moisture 13%, As passivation rate 35%, Cd passivation rate 40%; Application effects: When used for rice cultivation in acidic farmland (pH=5.0), the basal application rate is 150 kg / mu. Compared with conventional chemical amendments, the soil pH is adjusted to 5.8, rice yield is increased by 18%, soil organic matter content is increased by 20%, and rice lodging resistance is enhanced. Example 3

[0012] A novel carbon-based microbial organic modifier, by weight percentage, comprises the following: 35% modified carbon-based carrier, 8% composite functional microbial community, 35% small molecule organic carbon component, and 12% synergistic ingredient; Preparation method: (1) Preparation of modified carbon-based carrier: The straw was crushed to 40 mesh, dried to moisture content ≤10%, placed in a pyrolysis furnace, pyrolyzed at 650℃ under oxygen limitation for 2h, cooled to room temperature, added 5% chitosan solution, soaked for 1h, and then added 5% phosphorus-silicon composite doping solution by weight of carbon-based carrier. The mixture was stirred at 30℃ for 2h, filtered, dried to moisture content ≤10%, and sieved to 40 mesh to obtain the modified carbon-based carrier; (2) Propagation of the composite microbial community: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas, and mycorrhizal fungi were mixed at a weight ratio of 2:2:1 and inoculated separately into slant culture medium. After activation, the mixture was transferred to a seed tank and cultured at 32°C, 200 r / min, and dissolved oxygen level of 8 mg / L for 12 hours. Then, the mixture was transferred to a fermenter, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was adjusted to 30:1. The fermentation was carried out at 32°C and dissolved oxygen level of 8 mg / L for 24 hours. The mixture was then concentrated by centrifugation (8000 r / min) to obtain an effective viable count ≥10. 9 CFU / mL bacterial suspension; (3) Preparation of small molecule organic carbon: Corn flour and soybean meal were used as substrates, and brewer's yeast was introduced. Fermentation was carried out at 32℃ for 48h. Cellulase and protease complex preparation (activity 1000U / g) was added, and enzymatic conversion was carried out at 35℃ for 1h. Small molecule organic carbon components (glucose and citric acid mixed in 3:1) were obtained by separation through a 1000Da gradient membrane. (4) Composite molding: The modified carbon-based carrier, small molecule organic carbon components and synergistic components (calcium boron zinc composite trace elements, cellulase protease composite enzyme, oligofructose and Tween 80 mixed in 3:2:2:1) are put into a mixer and stirred at 300r / min for 15min. The composite microbial liquid is added and stirred evenly. Then, 5% sodium alginate embedding agent is added and stirred evenly. 2% calcium chloride solution is added dropwise to solidify for 30min. After filtration, it is dried at 30℃ until the moisture content is ≤15%. It is then pulverized to 40 mesh to obtain the finished product. Finished product quality inspection: Effective viable bacteria count 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ 9 CFU / g, organic matter 38%, biochar content 28%, moisture 11%, Pb passivation rate 45%, As passivation rate 42%; Application effects: When used for wheat planting in heavy metal contaminated areas (Pb content 500 mg / kg), the base application rate is 200 kg / mu. The Pb content in wheat grains is reduced by 55%, meeting food safety standards, wheat yield is increased by 15%, and soil microbial diversity is increased by 30%.

Claims

1. A novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment characterized in that, By weight percentage, it consists of the following components: 20%-40% modified carbon-based carrier, 5%-15% composite functional microbial community, 25%-45% small molecule organic carbon component, and 5%-15% synergistic component; the modified carbon-based carrier is made from agricultural waste through pyrolysis, surface modification and element doping modification, and the composite functional microbial community is a synergistic combination of at least 3 functional bacteria.

2. The novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment of claim 1, characterized by, The agricultural waste is selected from one or more of straw, sawdust, and fruit shells. The pyrolysis conditions are limited oxygen pyrolysis at 400-700℃ for 2-5 hours. The surface is modified by treating with 3%-5% chitosan or polydopamine solution. The element doping is modified by one or more of zinc, phosphorus, and silicon.

3. The novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment of claim 1, characterized by, The complex functional microbial flora comprises at least three of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas and mycorrhizal fungi, and the effective viable cell count of the microbial flora is greater than or equal to 10 8 CFU / g, and the weight ratio of each bacterial species is 1:1-3:1-3.

4. The novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment of claim 1, wherein, The small molecule organic carbon component is selected from one or more of monosaccharides, amino acids, and organic acids, and is prepared by microbial directional fermentation and enzymatic conversion processes, with a purity ≥90%.

5. The novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment of claim 1, wherein, The synergistic components include trace elements, enzyme preparations, microbial activators, and surfactants. The trace elements are selected from one or more of calcium, magnesium, boron, and zinc. The enzyme preparations are a compound preparation of cellulase and protease. The microbial activators are fructooligosaccharides or amino acids.

6. A method of preparing the novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of modified carbon-based carrier: Agricultural waste is crushed and dried, then pyrolyzed at 400-700℃ under oxygen-limited conditions for 2-5 hours. After cooling, it is treated with a surface modifier for 1-3 hours, and then a dopant element solution is added and stirred for 2-4 hours. After filtration, drying and sieving, the modified carbon-based carrier is obtained. (2) Propagation of composite microbial community: Each functional strain is inoculated into slant culture medium for activation, and then propagated step by step through seed tank and fermentation tank. The carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 20-30:1, the temperature to 28-32℃, and the dissolved oxygen to 5-8mg / L. After fermentation, the high-activity bacterial solution is concentrated. (3) Preparation of small molecule organic carbon: Using organic raw materials as substrates, fermentation bacteria are introduced for directional fermentation, and then enzyme preparations are added for enzymatic conversion for 1-2 hours. The small molecule organic carbon components are obtained by concentration and purification through gradient membrane separation technology. (4) Composite molding: The modified carbon-based carrier, small molecule organic carbon components and synergistic ingredients are mixed evenly, and the composite microbial liquid is added. The adsorption-embedding integrated process is used to process the mixture. The temperature is controlled at 25-30℃ and the humidity at 40%-60%. After reacting for 1-3 hours, the mixture is dried until the moisture content is ≤15%, and then crushed and sieved to obtain the finished product.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The embedding agent used in step (4) is sodium alginate, and the amount of embedding agent is 1%-5% of the total weight of the mixed system. The curing is performed by calcium chloride solution, and the curing time is 30-60 minutes.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The finished product quality index is: effective viable count ≥ 10 8 CFU / g, organic matter ≥ 30%, biochar content ≥ 20%, moisture ≤ 15%, heavy metal passivation rate ≥ 30%.

9. Use of a novel carbon-based microbial organic amendment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It is used for soil improvement of arable land, remediation of acidified / saline soil, and remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals or organics. It can be applied as a base application or as a top dressing. The base application rate is 50-200 kg / mu, and the top dressing rate is 10-30 kg / mu.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, It can be used in combination with fertilizers that are reduced by 30%-50%, but should be avoided when applying with fungicides. The application interval should be 7-10 days.

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