Apparatus and method for the co-thermochemical conversion of biomass volatiles and fixed carbon separation

By separating and synergistically thermochemically converting biomass volatiles and fixed carbon, the problems of coking and slagging in the biomass combustion process have been solved, realizing the cascade utilization of biomass energy and the stable operation of equipment, and improving the operational stability and economy of biomass boilers.

CN122359710APending Publication Date: 2026-07-10HARBIN INST OF TECH
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HARBIN INST OF TECH
Filing Date
2026-04-20
Publication Date
2026-07-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Coking and slagging occur during biomass combustion, leading to unstable equipment operation and high maintenance costs. Existing technologies cannot fundamentally solve these problems from the perspective of reaction principles and process pathways.

Method used

A synergistic thermochemical conversion device and method based on the separation of biomass volatiles and fixed carbon is adopted. Biomass is decomposed into volatile gas and solid carbon in the separation chamber, and then directionally split and combusted in the high-temperature oxidation zone and reduction zone, respectively, to achieve complete combustion of volatiles and low-temperature reduction reaction of solid carbon, thus avoiding tar condensation and alkali metal melting.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves the operational continuity, thermal efficiency, and economy of biomass boilers, effectively inhibits coking and slagging, and extends the service life of equipment.

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Abstract

This invention relates to a synergistic thermochemical conversion device and method based on the separation of biomass volatile matter and fixed carbon, belonging to the field of clean biomass power generation and heating. It solves the problem of poor equipment stability and high maintenance costs caused by the difficulty in synergistically suppressing coking and slagging during existing biomass combustion processes. The device includes a boiler body, the inner cavity of which is divided into a separation chamber and a combustion chamber by a partition. The partition has an air vent at the top and a solid material transport port at the bottom. A chain grate is located at the bottom of the boiler, and a fan unit is located on the side, supplying air to the separation chamber and below the chain grate, respectively. Biomass enters the separation chamber and undergoes pyrolysis and partial oxidation reactions under a gasification medium, producing tar-containing volatile matter and solid biochar. The volatile matter enters the upper part of the combustion chamber through the air vent for complete oxidation. The solid biochar falls onto the chain grate and is transported to the lower part of the combustion chamber for reduction reactions in a reducing atmosphere. This achieves the separation of volatile matter gas and solid biochar. It is used for high-temperature thermochemical conversion of biomass.
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