Cigar leaf intelligent curing room and six-stage gradient intelligent curing method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cigar tobacco intelligent airing room and six-stage gradient intelligent airing method, belong to cigar tobacco processing technical field.The airing room includes airtight heat preservation room body, tobacco layered placing rack assembly, partitioned ventilation air duct component, temperature and humidity control system and intelligent electric control management component;Room body inside is laid tobacco lifting placing rack, partitioned ventilation air duct can be layered uniform wind, disassembly and avoid operation, external temperature and humidity control system can two-way temperature control, closed-loop humidity control, layered collection environmental parameter, electric control component linkage each equipment collaborative operation, support local and internet of things remote management and control.The application optimizes and forms six-stage gradient airing process, relies on equipment to realize multi-parameter self-adaptive control, get rid of weather and artificial experience restriction, effectively improve cigar tobacco cigar integrity, oil and chroma quality, reduce tobacco mildew loss, shorten airing cycle, reduce artificial cost, promote cigar tobacco airing operation standardization, digitization, intelligent upgrading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cigar tobacco processing technology, specifically relating to an intelligent cigar tobacco drying room and a six-stage gradient intelligent drying method. Background Technology

[0002] my country's cigar tobacco industry continues to expand, with the annual demand for finished cigars in the domestic market reaching hundreds of millions of units. Domestic production capacity for high-quality cigar wrappers can only meet about 30% of the market demand, and the raw materials for high-end wrappers have long relied on imports. Therefore, localization of raw materials has become a key strategic focus for the industry's development. The core bottleneck restricting breakthroughs in the domestic high-end cigar industry lies in the post-harvest drying process of tobacco leaves.

[0003] Current traditional cigar tobacco drying methods largely follow the old-fashioned, simple drying huts used in Anhui province. These huts lack professional insulation and have only a few ventilation openings at the bottom of the walls; the upper and top structures lack ventilation, preventing effective vertical airflow. Traditional drying huts typically have three doors, hindering bulk transport and unloading of tobacco leaves. Furthermore, the multi-door structure provides poor airtightness, allowing external wind, rain, temperature, and humidity to easily penetrate the hut. The roof of traditional drying huts is merely a simple rain shelter, and the completely open exterior fails to create a sealed, independent microenvironment. This prevents the installation of temperature and humidity control equipment and air circulation systems, leaving the drying process entirely reliant on natural weather conditions.

[0004] Traditional drying processes rely entirely on manual experience to control ventilation and the drying rhythm. Ventilation vents are positioned high up, requiring operators to frequently climb and work at heights. Adjusting all ventilation vents in a single drying room takes over forty minutes, resulting in high labor intensity and safety hazards associated with working at heights. The peak drying season coincides with the hot and rainy season of summer, when humidity remains high. Traditional drying rooms cannot quickly and effectively remove free moisture from the tobacco leaves and accumulated humidity from the environment, making the tobacco leaves highly susceptible to quality defects such as uneven wilting, disordered yellowing, unbalanced browning, mold and rot, bleeding of veins and leaves, mottled color, insufficient toughness, and oil loss.

[0005] Traditional tobacco drying methods lack standardized sensor monitoring systems, relying on rough judgments of temperature and humidity based on human perception, failing to accurately capture changes in environmental parameters during key physiological transformation stages. The natural drying cycle is as long as 35 to 40 days, and drying rooms can only be used for one or two batches per year, resulting in severely insufficient drying capacity. During peak harvest season, mature tobacco leaves cannot be promptly stored and remain in the field to age and deteriorate. Furthermore, traditional drying methods result in a 15% to 20% mold loss rate, high labor costs, significant energy waste, and a lack of standardized process parameters and a complete data recording and traceability system. The quality of tobacco dried in different plots and years varies greatly, failing to meet the demands of large-scale, standardized, and intelligent production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an intelligent cigar tobacco drying room and a six-stage gradient intelligent drying method. This invention innovatively optimizes the six-stage gradient drying process, eliminating the constraints of natural weather and human experience. It achieves multi-parameter collaborative adaptive control of temperature, humidity, airflow speed, and equipment operating parameters throughout the drying process, improving the integrity of the cigar wrapper, oil content, vein refinement, leaf toughness, and color uniformity of cigar tobacco leaves. It also reduces mold loss, shortens the drying cycle, increases the utilization rate of the drying room, reduces manual operation and maintenance costs, and promotes the upgrading of cigar tobacco drying towards standardization, digitalization, and intelligence.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the problems existing in the prior art is: A smart drying room for cigar tobacco leaves includes a sealed and insulated room body, a layered tobacco leaf rack assembly, a ventilation duct assembly, a temperature and humidity control system, and a smart electronic control and management assembly. The tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly and the zoned ventilation duct assembly are both installed inside the sealed insulated chamber. The temperature and humidity control system is installed outside the sealed insulated chamber. The temperature and humidity control system is connected to the zoned ventilation duct assembly to realize the airflow circulation control inside the chamber. The intelligent electronic control component is electrically connected to the tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly, the zoned ventilation duct assembly, and the temperature and humidity control system to realize intelligent control of the entire drying process. The room is airtight and insulated with a loading and unloading doorway on one side, and the doorway is equipped with an airtight door with a moving auxiliary structure. The tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly is a modular adjustable frame structure, which can realize the hanging and placement of cigar tobacco leaves, vertical layered synchronous lifting and positioning, and has a power failure self-locking positioning function. The partitioned ventilation duct assembly is divided into multiple independent airflow zones, which have the functions of layered equal ventilation and directional uniform airflow. The duct can be disassembled to avoid tobacco leaf loading and unloading operations. The temperature and humidity control system has dual-mode temperature control (both hot and cold), closed-loop water circulation humidity regulation, negative pressure ventilation, and fresh air replenishment and filtration functions, and is equipped with a multi-point layered temperature and humidity acquisition structure. The intelligent electronic control and management component has a built-in gradient drying process database, links with local terminals and IoT mobile terminals, and has functions such as parameter customization, fault alarm, process self-learning, and production data traceability.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealed insulated chamber includes a chamber body, a sealing plate, a sealing gasket, and a sealing door with rolling elements at the bottom; the sealing plate is fixed annularly to the inner wall of the door opening of the chamber body, the bottom sealing plate is a rodent-proof structure, and the sealing gasket is fitted on the end face of the sealing plate to abut and seal against the inner wall of the sealing door; the sealing door is a single-end swing-opening sealed door, the bottom of the door is fixed to a bottom frame, and the bottom frame is rotatably fitted with at least four sets of rolling elements through a mounting base, the rolling elements rolling in cooperation with the floor of the chamber body.

[0009] Furthermore, the tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly includes a longitudinal connecting keel, a transverse connecting keel, and two rows of symmetrically arranged adjustable placement racks. Each set of placement racks includes a support frame, flexible transmission components, rotating wheels, hooks, and a self-locking servo motor. The support frame is assembled from two sets of spaced U-shaped side plates, a top plate, an L-shaped plate, and a bottom plate. The flexible transmission components are arranged in a ring around the outside of the rotating wheels, with one set of rotating wheels at the end serving as drive wheels and connecting to the output shaft of the servo motor. The hooks include connecting rods and hooks with openings at both ends facing upwards, with the hooks abutting against the end face of the U-shaped side plate for positioning. Two rows of placement racks on the same side share a set of servo motors, which are coaxially linked to the drive wheels on both sides via rotating shafts to achieve synchronous lifting and lowering of the tobacco leaf crossbars for alignment.

[0010] Furthermore, the partitioned ventilation duct assembly includes an air intake assembly and an exhaust assembly. The interior of the room is divided into three independent airflow zones: left, middle, and right. Each airflow zone is independently equipped with an airflow regulating valve. The intake assembly includes an intake manifold, intake branch pipes, a series pipe, a voltage regulator, and a distributor; the two intake branch pipes are arranged in parallel, the series pipe connects the two intake branch pipes, and the distributor is fixed to the open side of the voltage regulator by a mounting ring. The exhaust assembly includes an exhaust manifold, a telescopic pipe assembly, and a base. The exhaust manifold is connected to a connecting pipe that corresponds one-to-one with the series pipe. The telescopic pipe assembly has through holes in each layer, and the through holes are positioned at the same height as the expansion regulator layer. The telescopic pipe can be detachably locked to the base by an ear plate bolt structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity control system includes a variable frequency silent first fan, a temperature regulator, an air tank, a second fan, a humidity regulator, an air filter, an air-water separator, a water tank, a water pump, and high-precision integrated temperature and humidity sensors arranged in layers. The input end of the first blower is connected to a three-way valve with a make-up air pipe, and the output end is connected to two sets of filter branch pipes with shut-off valves in parallel, with one set of filter branch pipes in use and the other in standby; the drain pipe of the air-water separator is connected to the water storage tank to form a closed loop of water circulation. The temperature regulator has a built-in semiconductor cooling chip, which separates the cooling chamber and the heating chamber. The temperature regulator is connected in parallel with the heating branch pipe, the cooling branch pipe and the bypass pipe to achieve three-mode air intake switching. The humidity regulator has a spiral tube structure, with an atomizing nozzle connected to the water pump at the front end. The humidity regulator is equipped with hygrometers at both ends. The water pipe and the air tank are equipped with thermometers. All system pipeline valves are electro-pneumatic valves.

[0012] Furthermore, the ultraviolet antibacterial fresh air purification component includes a short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamp group, a primary filter cotton, and a medium-efficiency filter cotton; Short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamps and two-stage filter cotton are installed at the air intake of the main air pipe and in the exhaust circulation duct at the top of the chamber. The short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamps are equipped with a human body induction power-off protection structure and are controlled by intelligent electronic control components to start and stop at set times.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent power control and management component includes a power control box and a central intelligent control terminal; The central intelligent control terminal is equipped with an industrial-grade touch screen, with a built-in preset curve for the six-stage gradient drying process of cigar tobacco leaves. It supports custom parameter editing and integrates data storage, intelligent fault self-diagnosis, and audible and visual alarm modules. It can monitor fan speed, air outlet opening, equipment energy consumption, and antibacterial operation status parameters.

[0014] Furthermore, the intelligent electronic control and management component also includes a mobile IoT cloud control platform. The IoT cloud control platform communicates and links with the central intelligent control terminal, supports remote control of multiple terminals, has a built-in process self-learning intelligent iterative algorithm, can match the tobacco leaf finished product quality to optimize the drying process, and automatically generate batch traceability digital production files.

[0015] A six-stage gradient intelligent drying method for cigar tobacco leaves, applied to the aforementioned intelligent cigar tobacco drying chamber, includes the following steps: S01 Fresh Leaf Pre-Cultivation and Buffering Treatment, Maintenance Time 1-2 Days: After harvesting, the cigar tobacco leaves are hung on the crossbar of the tobacco leaf layering rack assembly. The sealed door is closed to achieve full airtightness of the room. The relative humidity inside the room is controlled at 90% to 92% and the temperature at 24℃ to 26℃. Two fans are turned on in full-area ultra-micro silent micro-wind micro-circulation mode. The ultraviolet antibacterial purification fresh air filtration system is turned on and off 1-2 times a day to calm the physiological stress of the tobacco leaves in the field and balance the moisture content of the whole batch of tobacco leaves. S02 tobacco leaves undergo constant temperature slow wilting treatment, with a maintenance period of 3-5 days: The relative humidity in the control room is 85%~90%, the temperature is 26℃~28℃, the room is kept slightly positive pressure, the fan is kept at a very low wind speed, the vent is opened at a small degree to remove a small amount of moisture, the air intake component is gently and evenly aired by the distributor, until the tobacco leaf veins are soft, the leaves collapse, and the leaf tips and edges turn slightly yellow, then proceed to the next process. S03 tobacco leaves undergo uniform yellowing transformation treatment, with a maintenance period of 7-10 days, which can be extended by 1-3 days during rainy weather. The relative humidity in the room is locked at 90%±5%, the temperature is 26℃~28℃, the fan is kept in a weak wind mode, and the room is sealed for constant temperature and humidity maintenance during the day. At night, the top ventilation opening is opened to precisely remove moisture based on the layered humidity data. The ultraviolet antibacterial module is activated on a timer until the tobacco leaves turn 80% to 90% yellow, the main veins soften, and the leaves have an oily sheen without any discoloration, then proceed to the next process. S04 tobacco leaves undergo stable browning treatment; the curing period is 7-10 days and can be extended as needed. The relative humidity in the control room is 80%~85% and the temperature is 28℃~32℃. The fan is switched to medium-speed circulation. The exhaust is layered and equalized by the expansion pipe assembly until the tobacco leaves are uniformly reddish-brown and free of black spots, thus completing the browning process. S05 tobacco leaves undergo color fixing and shaping stabilization treatment, with a curing period of 7-8 days: The relative humidity in the control room is 70%~75%, the temperature is 28℃~32℃, and the logic of sealing the room during the day to preserve color and ventilating a small amount of moisture at night is implemented. The fan is kept at a medium speed until the blades are completely dry, the main vein is 70% dry, the color is stable and does not revert, and the structure is firm and fixed. S06 dry gluten uniform color post-curing integrated treatment, curing time 10-14 days: The relative humidity in the control room is 50%–60%, the temperature is 28℃–32℃, the ventilation openings are controlled in a half-open mode during the day and closed at night, and the fans maintain a low-to-medium speed for gentle circulation to complete the post-ripening process of tobacco leaves drying, oil accumulation, and color homogenization.

[0016] Furthermore, strict process control measures are implemented throughout the drying process, including the following: Controlling the drying rate avoids excessively rapid drying, which can cause green spots and oil loss in tobacco leaves. It also avoids excessively long drying and ripening cycles, which can lead to darker tobacco leaves and reduced toughness. Furthermore, it prevents high temperatures from causing blackening and deterioration of tobacco leaves, as well as low temperatures and high humidity from causing mold and disease. Throughout the drying process, servo motors are used to adjust the height of tobacco leaf hanging, switch fan speed levels, and fine-tune the opening of ventilation vents, thus assisting in adapting to the gradient drying process at each stage.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts a fully sealed and insulated prefabricated house body with a single-end large-size airtight swing door. The door opening is equipped with a double sealing structure of annular sealing plate and sealing gasket. The bottom sealing plate also has the function of blocking rodents. The airtightness and heat insulation of the house body are greatly improved, and the external wind, rain, temperature and humidity and bacteria are completely isolated. The single door structure is suitable for batch loading and unloading of tobacco leaves. The bottom of the sealed door is equipped with a rolling walking structure, which makes opening and closing convenient and labor-saving, solving the defects of poor airtightness and inconvenient transportation of traditional multi-door drying rooms.

[0018] (2) The present invention is equipped with a liftable tobacco leaf placement rack, with two support frames on the same side sharing a self-locking servo motor to realize synchronous vertical alignment and lifting of the tobacco leaf crossbar, which is convenient for picking up and putting down tobacco leaves; the hook relies on the U-shaped side plate for limiting support, which has strong lifting stability and self-locking during power failure to prevent tobacco leaves from shifting and falling, and is suitable for refined layered drying operations.

[0019] (3) The present invention innovatively sets up a retractable exhaust component that can be raised and lowered for storage. During the loading and unloading of tobacco leaves, the corrugated pipe can be moved up to avoid interference. During the drying operation, it can be pulled down and fixed to achieve layered equal ventilation. The ventilation layer corresponds one-to-one with the tobacco leaf drying layer. With the expansion and stabilization device and the distributor, the air is gently delivered. The whole process is a gentle breeze and drying, which prevents strong winds from blowing directly on the tobacco leaves and avoids problems such as tobacco leaf rolling, oil loss, and local dry greening.

[0020] (4) This invention is equipped with a layered high-precision temperature and humidity sensor, and multi-level point average temperature and humidity control. It is paired with a semiconductor heating and cooling integrated temperature regulator to achieve bidirectional all-weather temperature control. It is equipped with a dual-branch one-use-one-standby fresh air filter, air-water separation and water recycling structure, which makes operation and maintenance convenient, water resources are used in a closed loop, and production and maintenance costs are reduced.

[0021] (5) Based on the traditional five-stage drying process, the present invention adds a fresh leaf pre-nurturing buffer and color uniform ripening process. The six-stage process parameters are fully matched with the physiological laws of tobacco leaf water loss, pigment transformation and internal substance synthesis. With the equipment’s full-domain linkage control, the uniformity of tobacco leaf wilting, yellowing and browning is greatly improved, and the eggplant wrapper has uniform color and excellent toughness.

[0022] (6) The overall structure of this invention is adapted to large-scale mass production and the modular assembly of parts is suitable for tobacco processing sites of all sizes. It can significantly reduce the spoilage rate of tobacco leaves, shorten the drying cycle, increase the annual turnover of drying rooms, reduce the workload of manual climbing and guarding, and improve the grade and added value of cigar wrappers. It has outstanding economic benefits and industrial adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room structure of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a first cross-sectional view of the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a second cross-sectional view of the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention after the sealing door has been removed. Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the layered tobacco leaf placement rack assembly in the intelligent cigar tobacco leaf drying room of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Structural diagram of the central placement rack. Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle. Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle. Figure 9 for Figure 6 sectional view, Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the air intake component in the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view, Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of a section at point C. Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the exhaust system in the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention. Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of a section at point D. Figure 15 for Figure 14 sectional view, Figure 16 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of a section at point E in the middle. Figure 17 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of a section at point F in the middle. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the sealed door in the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room of the present invention. Figure 19 This is a diagram of the temperature and humidity control system of the intelligent drying room for cigar tobacco leaves of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Support frame, 101-U-shaped side plate, 102-Top plate, 103-L-shaped plate, 104-Bottom plate, 2-Flexible transmission component, 3-Roller, 4-Hanging component, 401-Connecting rod, 402-Hook, 5-Servo motor, 6-Rotating shaft, 7-Longitudinal connecting keel, 8-Transverse connecting keel, 9-Intake main pipe, 901-Intake branch pipe, 10-Series pipe, 11-Expansion and voltage stabilizer, 12-Equalizer, 13-Mounting ring, 14-First fan, 15-Exhaust main pipe, 1501-Connecting pipe, 16-Telescopic pipe assembly, 1601-Telescopic pipe, 16 02-Through hole, 1603-Upper sleeve, 1604-Lower sleeve, 1605-First ear plate, 17-Base, 1701-Second ear plate, 18-Housing body, 1801-Sealing plate, 19-Sealing door, 20-Bottom frame, 21-Mounting base, 22-Rolling element, 23-Temperature regulator, 2301-Electrical cavity, 2302-Refrigeration cavity, 2303-Heating cavity, 2304-Semiconductor cooling chip, 24-Gas tank, 25-Second fan, 26-Humidity regulator, 27-Air filter, 28-Gas-water separator, 29-Water tank, 30-Water pump; 01-Air supply pipe, 02-Filter branch pipe, 03-Water removal pipe, 04-Heating branch pipe, 05-Refrigeration branch pipe, 06-Bypass pipe, 07-Air outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The accompanying drawings provide a more detailed description of the intelligent cigar tobacco drying room and the six-stage gradient intelligent drying method of the present invention, but these descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0027] Refer to the instruction manual. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 19 As shown, a smart drying room for cigar tobacco leaves includes a layered tobacco leaf rack assembly, an air inlet assembly, an exhaust assembly, and a temperature and humidity control system. Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the tobacco leaf layering rack assembly, air intake assembly, and exhaust assembly are located inside the chamber 18. The temperature and humidity control system is located outside the chamber 18 and is connected to the air intake manifold 9 of the air intake assembly and the exhaust manifold 15 of the exhaust assembly.

[0028] The building body 18 features sealing, heat preservation, and thermal insulation functions. It is constructed using modular assembly with polyurethane insulated sandwich panels. The walls, top, and floor are all integrally sealed with thermal insulation. The panels possess heat insulation, moisture resistance, flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and high airtightness. The joints of the building body are fully sealed with EPDM sealing strips. The floor is equipped with a seepage-proof and moisture-proof floor and concealed condensate drainage channels to collect and drain condensate water, preventing mold growth from surface water. The top of building body 18 adopts a fully enclosed flat-top sealed structure to prevent rainwater leakage and uncontrolled intrusion of external airflow.

[0029] The enclosure 18 has a doorway at only one end, inside which a sealed door 19 is installed. To improve the sealing effect of the sealed door 19 when closed, sealing plates 1801 arranged in a ring are fixed around the inner wall of the doorway. The bottom sealing plate 1801 also functions as a rodent barrier. A sealing gasket is provided on the end face of the sealing plate 1801 facing the sealed door 19. When the sealed door 19 is closed, its inner wall abuts against the sealing plate 1801, improving the sealing effect and achieving complete sealing of the enclosure, preventing the intrusion of external wind, rain, temperature, humidity, and bacteria.

[0030] The sealed door 19 is a swing door, a large-sized, airtight swing door at one end of the housing 18, suitable for bulk tobacco leaf transfer and loading / unloading operations, and connected to the housing 18 via hinges. To improve its mobility, it is equipped with an attached... Figure 18 As shown, a bottom frame 20 is installed at the bottom of the sealed door 19. The bottom surface of the bottom frame 20 is spaced apart from the floor of the room 18. At least four mounting seats 21 are fixed on the bottom frame 20. Rolling elements 22 are rotatably connected to the mounting seats 21. The rolling elements 22 are in rolling contact with the floor of the room 18, thereby improving the smoothness of the movement of the sealed door 19. In this embodiment, the rolling elements 22 can be wheels or balls.

[0031] At least one set of tobacco leaf layering rack assemblies is installed inside the chamber 18. These assemblies are modular and adjustable, suitable for hanging and drying cigar tobacco leaves and for tiered curing operations. (Attached) Figure 5 As shown, the leaf layer placement rack assembly includes several placement racks arranged in two rows. The top of the placement racks in the same row are connected by a longitudinal connecting keel 7, and the two longitudinal connecting keels 7 are fixedly connected by several transverse connecting keels 8.

[0032] From the appendix Figure 6 To be continued Figure 9 As shown, the placement frame includes a vertically arranged support frame 1, a flexible transmission component 2, a rotating wheel 3, a hanging component 4, and a servo motor 5. The support frame 1 includes two U-shaped side plates 101 arranged at intervals. The tops of the two U-shaped side plates 101 are fixedly connected by a top plate 102. An L-shaped plate 103 is fixed to the bottom of the U-shaped side plates 101. The two L-shaped plates 103 are arranged opposite each other to form an extended space. The bottoms of the two L-shaped plates 103 are connected to a base plate 104.

[0033] The flexible transmission component 2 uses a chain or synchronous belt and is arranged in a ring between the two U-shaped side plates 101. Several rotating wheels 3 are set between the flexible transmission components 2. One of the rotating wheels 3 at one end is a drive wheel and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 5. The other rotating wheels 3 are idler wheels, which support and tension the flexible transmission component 2 and can drive the tobacco leaf crossbar to move vertically and smoothly, adapting to the layered gradient drying airflow for adjustment.

[0034] The mounting bracket 4 includes connecting rods 401 and hooks 402. Hooks 402 are fixed to both ends of the connecting rods 401. The connecting rods 401 are spaced apart and are either fixedly or detachably connected to the flexible transmission component 2. The hooks 402 are positioned with their openings facing upwards and are used to hang crossbars on which cigar tobacco leaves to be dried are hung. The end face of the hook 402 abuts against the end face of the U-shaped side plate 101. Thus, after the crossbar is hung, the U-shaped side plate 101 provides support for the hook 402, ensuring the stability of the mounting bracket 4 during its vertical movement.

[0035] The U-shaped side plate 101 limits the connecting rod 401, so that when the uppermost hook 4 moves up to the arc-shaped area above the flexible transmission member 2, it will be blocked by the U-shaped side plate 101, preventing it from flipping and causing the crossbar hooked on the hook 402 to fall from a height. The extended space formed by the L-shaped plate 103 at the bottom of the U-shaped side plate 101 can avoid the hook 4, allowing the hook 4 to be flipped to the other side through the extended space, making it easy to move all the hooks 4 to the other side of the support frame 1, and then flip them over to hook the crossbars in sequence.

[0036] The servo motor 5 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1. It is a servo motor with a self-locking function. It is self-locking when the power is off to prevent the flexible transmission component 2 from shifting after the power is off, thus ensuring that the position of the layered tobacco leaves remains constant during static drying.

[0037] The hangers 4 on the two rows of oppositely arranged support frames 1 jointly support a crossbar. In order to make the flexible transmission components 2 of the two support frames 1 move synchronously, the two support frames 1 share a servo motor 5. The output shaft of the servo motor 5 is coaxially connected to the drive wheels of the two flexible transmission components 2 through the rotating shaft 6, thereby driving the two flexible transmission components 2 to move synchronously, so as to realize the synchronous lifting and layering of tobacco leaves on the same side.

[0038] From the appendix Figure 10 To be continued Figure 12 As shown, the air intake assembly includes an air intake manifold 9, through which two parallel air intake branch pipes 901 are connected. Between the two air intake branch pipes 901, several spaced-apart series pipes 10 are arranged, with their upper and lower ends respectively connected to the two air intake branch pipes 901. Several spaced-apart expansion and voltage regulators 11 are provided on each series pipe 10. The inner diameter of each expansion and voltage regulator 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the series pipe 10. The expansion and voltage regulator 11 is open on one side facing the tobacco leaf layering rack assembly. A distributor 12 is fixed to the open side by a mounting ring 13. The distributor 12 is used to diffuse the exhaust airflow and prevent direct blowing. It can be made of food-grade non-woven fabric, forming a directional, gentle, and uniform airflow structure to prevent strong winds from directly blowing onto the tobacco leaves, causing rapid drying, leaf rolling, and oil loss.

[0039] In this embodiment, the interior of the drying room 18 is equipped with two sets of tobacco leaf layering rack assemblies. Two air intake components are respectively arranged between the tobacco leaf layering rack assemblies and the walls of the drying room 18, and the exhaust components are arranged between the two tobacco leaf layering rack assemblies. Based on the partitioned layout structure of the air intake and exhaust components, the drying room is divided into three independent airflow zones: left, middle, and right. Each airflow zone is equipped with an independent air duct airflow regulating valve, which can independently control the airflow speed and air exchange frequency of the zone.

[0040] From the appendix Figure 13 To be continued Figure 17 As shown, the exhaust assembly includes an exhaust manifold 15, a telescopic pipe assembly 16, and a base 17. The exhaust manifold 15 is fixed to the roof of the room 18 by pipe clamps, and several connecting pipes 1501 are provided below it. The number of connecting pipes 1501 is the same as that of the series pipes 10, and they correspond one-to-one. The telescopic pipe assembly 16 includes a telescopic pipe 1601, which can be a corrugated pipe. The top of the telescopic pipe 1601 is an upper sleeve 1603, and the bottom is a lower sleeve 1604. The telescopic pipe 1601 has several layers of through holes 1602. Each layer of through holes 1602 is arranged at the same height as the floor where the expansion and voltage stabilizer 11 is located, so as to realize layered equal ventilation and match the ventilation requirements of the seven-layer frame for gradient drying.

[0041] The upper sleeve 1603 is sleeved with the connecting pipe 1501 and fixed by a pipe clamp. The lower sleeve 1604 is sleeved with the base 17. In this embodiment, the lower sleeve 1604 has several first ear plates 1605 protruding from its bottom outer side, and the base 17 has several second ear plates 1701 protruding from its bottom. The first ear plates 1605 and second ear plates 1701 are arranged opposite to each other, and both have coaxially arranged threaded holes. They are fixedly connected by bolts with internal threads in the threaded holes. When storing cigar tobacco leaves, the bolts are removed, and the telescopic tube 1601 is moved upward to avoid interference. When drying is required, the telescopic tube 1601 is pulled down and fixedly connected to the base 17.

[0042] From the appendix Figure 19 As shown, the temperature and humidity control system includes a first fan 14, a temperature regulator 23, an air storage tank 24, a second fan 25, a humidity regulator 26, an air filter 27, an air-water separator 28, a water storage tank 29, and a water pump 30. The system is also equipped with multiple sets of high-precision integrated temperature and humidity sensors, which are deployed on the second, fourth, and sixth layers of the drying room frame from bottom to top. Multiple points are sampled to obtain the average value, serving as the benchmark for overall environmental control, thus abandoning the crude control method of single-point temperature and humidity measurement.

[0043] The first fan 14 is connected to the end of the exhaust manifold 15. It is a variable frequency silent fan with integrated wind speed adjustment function, which can intelligently switch between three wind speed modes: micro-circulation, weak circulation, and medium circulation, to adapt to the requirements of gentle airflow at each stage of airing. The first fan 14 is used to provide negative pressure to the exhaust manifold 15 to extract the gas inside the chamber 18. The temperature regulator 23 is used to adjust the temperature of the air to be re-entered into the chamber 18. The air tank 24 is used for expansion, pressure stabilization, and temperature balancing. The second fan 25 draws the air out of the air tank 24 and discharges it into the humidity regulator 26 to adjust the air humidity. The water pump 30 pumps the water from the water tank 29 into the humidity regulator 26 to mix with the air, thereby changing the air humidity. In this embodiment, the regulator 26 is a spiral tube with an atomizing nozzle connected to the water pump 30 at its inlet. The air filter 27 filters the air entering the system, and the air-water separator 28 removes water from the filtered air to regulate the basic humidity of the intake air. In order to achieve the reuse of resources, the drain end of the gas-water separator 28 is connected to the water storage tank 29 through a pipeline to realize the closed-loop reuse of water resources.

[0044] In this embodiment, a three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first fan 14. The two inlets of the three-way valve are connected to the exhaust main pipe 15 and the air supply pipe 01, respectively. When the internal air supply of the system is insufficient, air is supplied through the air supply pipe 01. Two parallel filter branch pipes 02 are connected to the outlet of the first fan 14. The air filter 27 is connected in series with the filter branch pipes 02 through a shut-off valve to realize a one-in-one standby filtration operation and maintenance scheme, ensuring uninterrupted operation of fresh air filtration. The ends of the two filter branch pipes 02 are connected to the water removal pipe 03. The air-water separator 28 is connected in series with the water removal pipe 03. The end of the water removal pipe 03 is connected to the temperature regulator 23.

[0045] In this embodiment, the temperature regulator 23 has an electrical cavity 2301 inside its housing, and a semiconductor cooling chip 2304 is installed inside the electrical cavity 2301. The cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip 2304 abuts against the cooling cavity 2302, and the hot end abuts against the heating cavity 2303, achieving bidirectional constant temperature control for both cooling and heating, adapting to all-weather climates including high temperatures, rainy seasons, and low temperatures. The end of the water pipe 03 is connected to parallel heating branch pipes 04, cooling branch pipes 05, and a bypass pipe 06. Each of the three pipes is equipped with a shut-off valve. The heating branch pipe 04 is connected to the heating cavity 2303, the cooling branch pipe 05 is connected to the cooling cavity 2302, and the bypass pipe 06 is connected in parallel with the entire temperature regulator 23, allowing for switching between cooling, heating, and bypass / direct-flow air intake modes as needed.

[0046] The outlet of temperature regulator 23 is connected to air tank 24 through a pipeline, the outlet of air tank 24 is connected to the air inlet of second fan 25 through air outlet pipe 07, and the outlet of humidity regulator 26 is connected to air inlet main pipe 9.

[0047] The humidity regulator 26 is equipped with hygrometers at both ends, and thermometers are installed on the dewatering pipe 03 and the air storage tank 24. All valves in the system are electro-pneumatic valves, which can be electrically controlled to open and close.

[0048] The UV antibacterial purification fresh air filtration system includes short-wave UV antibacterial lamps, primary filter cotton, and medium-efficiency filter cotton. Short-wave UV antibacterial lamps and two-stage filter cotton are installed in the air intake main pipe 9 and the exhaust circulation duct at the top of the chamber 18. The UV lamps are equipped with a human body induction automatic power-off protection structure and are intelligently started and stopped by a central intelligent control terminal. It adopts physical antibacterial method without chemical agent residue, killing field bacteria on the surface of tobacco leaves from the source and reducing the probability of mold growth during the high humidity drying stage.

[0049] All electrical components, electric valves, and sensing modules included in the temperature and humidity control system and the ultraviolet antibacterial purification fresh air filtration system are electrically connected to the electrical control box, which is connected to a central intelligent control terminal.

[0050] The central intelligent control terminal is equipped with an industrial-grade touch screen and has a built-in six-stage gradient drying process preset curve adapted to the physiological and biochemical transformation laws of cigar tobacco leaves. The operating parameters can be customized and modified according to the variety of cigar tobacco leaves, the harvesting part, and the external climate conditions. The terminal collects data in real time on the layered temperature and humidity, fan speed, ventilation opening, equipment operating power, antibacterial start and stop status, and energy consumption data of the entire process in the storage room. It has a built-in intelligent fault self-diagnosis module and an audible and visual alarm module, which can identify and alarm problems such as fan failure, abnormal ventilation opening, and temperature and humidity deviation from the threshold in real time.

[0051] The mobile IoT cloud control platform is built on an IoT architecture and electrically linked to a central intelligent control terminal. It supports remote viewing of the drying layer environment parameters and equipment operating status via mobile phones and tablets. It can remotely fine-tune process parameters, start and stop equipment, and retrieve suitable process curves. The system has a built-in process self-learning intelligent iterative algorithm that automatically compares the drying parameters of different batches with the quality data of the finished tobacco leaves, autonomously optimizes the drying process curves to suit the local main varieties, and automatically generates traceable digital production files for each batch, realizing autonomous iteration of the drying process and full-process data traceability.

[0052] A six-stage gradient intelligent drying method is proposed, based on the aforementioned intelligent drying chamber for cigar tobacco leaves. This process is developed based on the full-cycle growth characteristics of fresh cigar tobacco leaves after harvest, covering the core mechanisms of post-harvest physiological water loss, chlorophyll degradation, pigment browning transformation, biochemical synthesis of internal substances, tissue structure shaping, oil accumulation, and color homogenization. On the basis of the traditional five-stage drying process, a pre-nurturing buffer period and a color homogenization and stabilization period for fresh leaves are added, forming a standardized, gradient, and intelligent six-stage drying system. The entire process is coordinated by a central intelligent control terminal that links all the electrical control equipment in the chamber. The parameters can be adaptively fine-tuned according to complex weather conditions such as rain, high temperature, and strong wind.

[0053] The entire drying process is controlled around five key factors: temperature, humidity, gentle airflow, ventilation opening, and drying time. The system relies on layered sensor data to automatically link dehumidification, heating, variable frequency fans, and UV sterilization modules. Key control measures include: drying speed should not be too fast to avoid residual green color, mottled color, and oil loss in the leaves; the post-ripening period should not be excessively prolonged to prevent overly dark leaf color, loose leaf structure, and decreased toughness; excessively high temperatures can lead to blackening of the bottom leaves and quality deterioration; excessively low temperatures can cause high humidity accumulation, inducing mold and disease spots in the leaves. The system can be adjusted using servo motors to regulate the leaf hanging height, the spacing between rack layers, the fan speed, and the ventilation opening to assist in adapting to the process. Specifically, the following steps are included: Step S01: Pre-conditioning and buffering treatment of fresh leaves, lasting 1-2 days: After the fresh cigar tobacco leaves are harvested from the field, they are neatly hung on the horizontal bars of the tobacco leaf layering rack assembly. The sealing door 19 is closed to achieve full airtightness of the room. The central intelligent control terminal sets the parameters as follows: relative humidity 90%~92% and ambient temperature 24℃~26℃. The first fan 14 and the second fan 25 are started to activate the full-area ultra-micro silent micro-wind micro-circulation mode, which only replaces a small amount of air in the room. The ultraviolet antibacterial purification fresh air filtration system is turned on and off 1 to 2 times a day. Process objectives: To alleviate physiological stress in tobacco leaves in the field, balance the moisture content of the entire batch of tobacco leaves, dissipate residual heat in the field, and unify the physiological state of tobacco leaves.

[0054] Step S02: Constant temperature slow wilting treatment of tobacco leaves, maintenance period 3-5 days: Terminal switching withering process parameters: relative humidity in the room 85%~90%, ambient temperature 26℃~28℃; maintain a slight positive pressure in the room, keep the fan at an ultra-low wind speed, and open the vents at a small degree to remove a small amount of moisture, and prevent the intrusion of dry and cold air from the outside; rely on the layered air intake components to operate with uniform airflow and prevent strong winds from blowing directly. Process judgment: When the veins of the tobacco leaves are completely soft, the leaves naturally droop, the tips and edges of the leaves are slightly yellow, and there are no scorched tips, curled edges, or mold spots, the leaves can proceed to the next process.

[0055] Step S03: Tobacco leaves undergo uniform yellowing and transformation treatment, with a curing period of 7-10 days, which may be extended by 1-3 days during rainy weather. The terminal locks the relative humidity in the room at 90%±5% and the ambient temperature at 26℃~28℃; the fan maintains a weak breeze mode, and the airflow is gently diffused throughout the area by the distributor 12; all three-dimensional layered electric ventilation openings are closed during the day to maintain a sealed constant temperature and humidity environment; at night, based on the layered humidity data, the top hidden electric ventilation openings are slightly opened for precise dehumidification; the ultraviolet antibacterial module is activated daily to inhibit bacteria and prevent mold. Process judgment: The leaves are 80% to 90% yellow, the main veins are softened, the tobacco leaves are generally collapsed, the leaf tips and edges are uniformly light brown, the leaves are flexible and glossy, and there are no green mottled spots. The process meets the standards.

[0056] Step S04: Stabilize browning and coloring of tobacco leaves. The curing period is 7-10 days, which can be extended as needed. The terminal is set to a relative humidity of 80%–85% and an ambient temperature of 28℃–32℃; the fan is increased to a medium-speed circulation fan to uniformly remove moisture from the surface of the blades; and the 16-layer equal exhaust is achieved by the telescopic pipe assembly to ensure synchronous browning of the tobacco leaves throughout the chamber. Process judgment: The tobacco leaves are uniformly reddish-brown in color, with the leaf tips and edges gradually drying, without blackening, light spots, or messy color, indicating that the browning process is complete.

[0057] Step S05: Tobacco leaf color fixing and stabilization treatment, curing time 7-8 days: The terminal is set to maintain a relative humidity of 70%–75% and an ambient temperature of 28℃–32℃. It follows the logic of keeping the room sealed during the day and slightly ventilating and dehumidifying at night. During the day, all ventilation openings are closed to isolate external interference, and at night, a small amount of moisture is dehumidified through the ventilation openings. The fan maintains a medium wind speed to accelerate the uniform water loss and shaping of the blade surface. Process judgment: The leaves are completely dry, the main vein is 70% dry, the tobacco color is stable and there is no color return, and the leaf tissue structure is firm and well-defined.

[0058] Step S06: Integrated post-curing treatment for uniform color and dryness of gluten, curing time 10-14 days. The terminal is set to a relative humidity of 50%–60% and an ambient temperature of 28℃–32℃. The ventilation system operates in a half-open / slightly open mode during the day and a closed mode at night, with the fan circulating gently at a low to medium speed.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart drying room for cigar tobacco leaves, characterized in that, Including a sealed insulated chamber, a layered tobacco leaf rack assembly, a ventilation duct assembly, a temperature and humidity control system, and an intelligent electronic control and management component; The tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly and the zoned ventilation duct assembly are both installed inside the sealed insulated chamber. The temperature and humidity control system is installed outside the sealed insulated chamber. The temperature and humidity control system is connected to the zoned ventilation duct assembly to realize the airflow circulation control inside the chamber. The intelligent electronic control component is electrically connected to the tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly, the zoned ventilation duct assembly, and the temperature and humidity control system to realize intelligent control of the entire drying process. The room is sealed and insulated with a loading and unloading door on one side, and a sealed door with a moving auxiliary structure (19) is installed at the door. The tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly is a modular adjustable frame structure, which can realize the hanging and placement of cigar tobacco leaves, vertical layered synchronous lifting and positioning, and has a power failure self-locking positioning function. The partitioned ventilation duct assembly is divided into multiple independent airflow zones, which have the functions of layered equal ventilation and directional uniform airflow. The duct can be disassembled to avoid tobacco leaf loading and unloading operations. The temperature and humidity control system has dual-mode temperature control (both hot and cold), closed-loop water circulation humidity regulation, negative pressure ventilation, and fresh air replenishment and filtration functions, and is equipped with a multi-point layered temperature and humidity acquisition structure. The intelligent electronic control and management component has a built-in gradient drying process database, links with local terminals and IoT mobile terminals, and has functions such as parameter customization, fault alarm, process self-learning, and production data traceability.

2. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed insulated room includes a room body (18), a sealing plate (1801), a sealing gasket, and a sealed door (19) with a bottom rolling element (22); the sealing plate (1801) is fixed in a ring on the inner wall of the door opening of the room body (18), the bottom sealing plate (1801) is a rodent-proof structure, and the sealing gasket is installed on the end face of the sealing plate (1801) to abut and seal against the inner wall of the sealed door (19); the sealed door (19) is a single-end swing-opening sealed door, the bottom frame (20) is fixed at the bottom of the door, and the bottom frame (20) is rotatably assembled with at least four sets of rolling elements (22) through the mounting base (21), and the rolling elements (22) roll in cooperation with the ground of the room body (18).

3. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tobacco leaf layered placement rack assembly includes a longitudinal connecting keel (7), a transverse connecting keel (8), and two rows of symmetrically arranged adjustable placement racks; A single placement rack includes a support frame (1), a flexible transmission component (2), a rotating wheel (3), a hook (4), and a self-locking servo motor (5); the support frame (1) is assembled from two sets of spaced U-shaped side plates (101), a top plate (102), an L-shaped plate (103), and a bottom plate (104); the flexible transmission component (2) is wrapped around the outside of the rotating wheel (3), and the end set of rotating wheels (3) is the drive wheel and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (5); the hook (4) includes a connecting rod (401) and hooks (402) with openings at both ends facing upwards, and the hooks (402) abut against the end face of the U-shaped side plate (101) for limiting; the two rows of placement racks on the same side share a set of servo motors (5), and the servo motors (5) are coaxially linked with the drive wheels on both sides through the rotating shaft (6) to realize the synchronous lifting and lowering alignment of the tobacco leaf crossbar.

4. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partitioned ventilation duct assembly includes an air intake assembly and an exhaust assembly. The interior of the room (18) is divided into three independent airflow partitions: left, middle, and right. Each airflow partition is independently equipped with an air volume regulating valve. The intake assembly includes an intake manifold (9), intake branch pipes (901), a series pipe (10), a capacity regulator (11), and a distributor (12); the two intake branch pipes (901) are arranged in parallel, the series pipe (10) connects the two intake branch pipes (901), and the distributor (12) is fixed on the open side of the capacity regulator (11) by a mounting ring (13); The exhaust assembly includes an exhaust manifold (15), a telescopic pipe assembly (16), and a base (17). The exhaust manifold (15) is connected to a connecting pipe (1501) that corresponds one-to-one with the series pipe (10). The telescopic pipe (1601) of the telescopic pipe assembly (16) has through holes (1602) layer by layer. The through holes (1602) are set at the same height as the expansion voltage regulator (11). The telescopic pipe (1601) can be detachably locked to the base (17) by an ear plate bolt structure.

5. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity control system includes a variable frequency silent first fan (14), a temperature regulator (23), an air storage tank (24), a second fan (25), a humidity regulator (26), an air filter (27), an air-water separator (28), a water storage tank (29), a water pump (30), and a high-precision integrated temperature and humidity sensor arranged in layers. The input end of the first blower (14) is connected to a three-way valve with a make-up air pipe (01), and the output end is connected to two sets of filter branch pipes (02) with shut-off valves in parallel. One set of filter branch pipes (02) is used and the other is on standby. The drain pipe of the gas-water separator (28) is connected to the water storage tank (29) to form a water circulation closed loop. The temperature regulator (23) has a built-in semiconductor cooling chip (2304) that separates the cooling chamber (2302) and the heating chamber (2303). The temperature regulator (23) is connected in parallel with the heating branch pipe (04), the cooling branch pipe (05), and the bypass pipe (06) to achieve three-mode air intake switching. The humidity regulator (26) is a spiral tube structure with an atomizing nozzle connected to the water pump (30) at the front end. The humidity regulator (26) is equipped with hygrometers at both ends. The dewatering pipe (03) and the air tank (24) are equipped with thermometers. All system pipeline valves are electro-pneumatic valves.

6. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet antibacterial fresh air purification component includes a short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamp group, a primary filter cotton, and a medium-efficiency filter cotton. Short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamps and two-stage filter cotton are installed in the inlet of the main air intake pipe (9) and the exhaust circulation duct at the top of the chamber (18). The short-wave ultraviolet antibacterial lamps are equipped with a human body induction power-off protection structure and are controlled by the intelligent electronic control component to start and stop at regular intervals.

7. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent power control and management component includes a power control box and a central intelligent control terminal; The central intelligent control terminal is equipped with an industrial-grade touch screen, with a built-in preset curve for the six-stage gradient drying process of cigar tobacco leaves. It supports custom parameter editing and integrates data storage, intelligent fault self-diagnosis, and audible and visual alarm modules. It can monitor fan speed, air outlet opening, equipment energy consumption, and antibacterial operation status parameters.

8. The intelligent cigar tobacco drying room according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent electronic control and management component also includes a mobile IoT cloud control platform. The IoT cloud control platform communicates and links with the central intelligent control terminal, supports remote control of multiple terminals, has a built-in process self-learning intelligent iterative algorithm, can match the tobacco leaf finished product quality to optimize the drying process, and automatically generate batch traceability digital production files.

9. A six-stage gradient intelligent drying method for cigar tobacco leaves, applied to the intelligent drying chamber for cigar tobacco leaves as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01 Fresh Leaf Pre-Cultivation and Buffering Treatment, Maintenance Time 1-2 Days: After harvesting, the cigar tobacco leaves are hung on the crossbar of the tobacco leaf layering rack assembly. The sealing door (19) is closed to achieve full sealing of the room (18). The relative humidity inside the room is controlled at 90% to 92% and the temperature at 24℃ to 26℃. The two fans are turned on in full-area ultra-micro silent micro-wind micro-circulation mode. The ultraviolet antibacterial purification fresh air filtration system is turned on and off 1-2 times a day to calm the physiological stress of tobacco leaves in the field and balance the moisture content of the whole batch of tobacco leaves. S02 tobacco leaves undergo constant temperature slow wilting treatment, with a maintenance period of 3-5 days: The relative humidity in the room is controlled at 85%~90%, the temperature at 26℃~28℃, and a slight positive pressure is maintained in the room. The fan maintains a very low wind speed, the vent has a small opening to release a small amount of moisture, and the air intake component is gently and evenly ventilated by the distributor (12) until the tobacco leaf veins are soft, the leaves collapse, and the leaf tips and edges turn slightly yellow, and then proceed to the next process. S03 tobacco leaves undergo uniform yellowing transformation treatment, with a maintenance period of 7-10 days, which can be extended by 1-3 days during rainy weather. The relative humidity in the room is locked at 90%±5%, the temperature is 26℃~28℃, the fan is kept in a weak wind mode, and the room is sealed for constant temperature and humidity maintenance during the day. At night, the top ventilation opening is opened to precisely remove moisture based on the layered humidity data. The ultraviolet antibacterial module is activated on a timer until the tobacco leaves turn 80% to 90% yellow, the main veins soften, and the leaves have an oily sheen without any discoloration, then proceed to the next process. S04 tobacco leaves undergo stable browning treatment; the curing period is 7-10 days and can be extended as needed. The relative humidity in the control room is 80%~85% and the temperature is 28℃~32℃. The fan is switched to medium-speed circulation. The exhaust is layered and equal based on the telescopic pipe assembly (16) until the tobacco leaves are uniformly reddish-brown and without black spots, thus completing the browning process. S05 tobacco leaves undergo color fixing and shaping stabilization treatment, with a curing period of 7-8 days: The relative humidity in the control room is 70%~75%, the temperature is 28℃~32℃, and the logic of sealing the room during the day to preserve color and ventilating a small amount of moisture at night is implemented. The fan is kept at a medium speed until the blades are completely dry, the main vein is 70% dry, the color is stable and does not revert, and the structure is firm and fixed. S06 dry gluten uniform color post-curing integrated treatment, curing time 10-14 days: The relative humidity in the control room is 50%–60%, the temperature is 28℃–32℃, the ventilation openings are controlled in a half-open mode during the day and closed at night, and the fans maintain a low-to-medium speed for gentle circulation to complete the post-ripening process of tobacco leaves drying, oil accumulation, and color homogenization.

10. The six-stage gradient intelligent drying method for cigar tobacco leaves according to claim 9, characterized in that, The entire drying process is subject to process control and prohibitions: Controlling the drying rate avoids excessive drying, which can cause green spots and oil loss in tobacco leaves. It also avoids excessively long drying and ripening cycles, which can cause tobacco leaves to darken in color and lose toughness. It also avoids high temperature causing blackening and deterioration of tobacco leaves, and low temperature and high humidity causing mold and disease in tobacco leaves. Throughout the drying process, the servo motor (5) is used to adjust the height of tobacco leaf hanging, switch the fan speed, and fine-tune the opening of the ventilation opening to assist in adapting to the gradient drying process at each stage.

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