Sludge hopper discharge port anti-blocking and unblocking device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of sludge hopper discharge port anti-blocking and unblocking device, comprising: hopper body, the hopper body includes cuboid section and is located at the lower end of cuboid section Cone section, the bottom of the cone section is equipped with discharge port;Electric plug valve is set at the discharge port of the bottom of the cone section, for controlling the opening and closing of discharge port;Vibration motor is set on the outer wall of the cone section, for generating vibration to break the bridging state of material;Air cannon body, the injection port of its injection pipe extends to the inside of the hopper body, for injecting high-pressure gas into the cone section to remove blocked material;And control unit.The application adopts multiple air cannon bodies arranged symmetrically and cooperates with specific angle injection port, so that high-pressure gas can form a global shear field focused on the center of discharge port, effectively destroying the bridging structure of high-viscosity sludge, solving the problem of poor unblocking effect of traditional single-point air cannon impact force dispersion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste environmental protection engineering technology for material conveying, specifically to a device and method for preventing and clearing blockages at the discharge port of a sludge hopper. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of municipal sewage, industrial wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal, sludge hopper is the core equipment for sludge temporary storage, transfer and unloading. Sludge itself has the characteristics of high viscosity, large range of water content, easy compaction and caking, and extremely poor fluidity. At the conical section of the hopper and the discharge port, material bridging and adhesion blockage are very easy to form, which directly causes unloading interruption and production line shutdown, seriously affecting the continuous operation of sludge treatment. Existing conventional unblocking methods mostly use external vibrating motors or single-point ordinary air cannons. Vibrating motors vibrate at high frequency for a long time, which can easily cause fatigue deformation of the hopper shell and cracking of the weld. They also have high energy consumption and limited effectiveness in unblocking sticky sludge. Ordinary air cannons are single-point direct-blowing structures with uneven distribution of airflow impact force and small range of action. They can only disturb the material locally and cannot form a full-area shearing and arch breaking. Therefore, they are not completely effective in unblocking highly viscous sludge. In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as low unblocking efficiency, easy equipment damage, and limited adaptability to various working conditions, there is an urgent need to develop a sludge hopper discharge port anti-clogging and unblocking device and method with reasonable structural layout, good anti-arching and anti-clogging effect, and adaptive adjustment.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sludge hopper discharge port anti-clogging and unclogging device and method to solve the problems of easy bridging and blockage, poor unclogging effect, and high equipment wear and tear of the sludge hopper discharge port in the prior art mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sludge hopper discharge port anti-clogging and unclogging device includes: The hopper body includes a cuboid section and a conical section located at the lower end of the cuboid section, and the bottom of the conical section is provided with a discharge port; An electric slide gate valve is installed at the discharge port at the bottom of the cone section to control the opening and closing of the discharge port; A vibratory motor is installed on the outer wall of the conical section to generate vibration to break the bridging state of the material; The air cannon body has its nozzle extending into the interior of the hopper body for injecting high-pressure gas into the cone section to clear blockages. And a control unit, used to control the vibration motor, the air cannon body and the electric slide valve to work in a coordinated manner.

[0006] Furthermore, two vibration motors are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear outer walls of the cone segment, respectively. The air cannon body is equipped with four units, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the left and right outer walls of the cone section.

[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle at the end of the air cannon body's injection pipe is positioned facing the center of the discharge port, and the nozzle forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the inner wall of the cone section. The end of the spray pipe is provided with an anti-clogging nozzle, and the anti-clogging nozzle is provided with a plurality of inclined spray holes evenly distributed on it.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner wall of the conical segment is provided with an inner lining, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) wear-resistant liner with a thickness of 8-10 mm, and completely covers the inner wall of the conical segment.

[0009] Furthermore, the control unit includes a PLC controller, an air compressor, an air tank, a pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid directional valve; The air compressor is connected to the air storage tank via a pipeline, and the air storage tank is connected to the air cannon body via a pipeline equipped with the pressure reducing valve and the electromagnetic reversing valve. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the vibration motor, the electric slide gate valve, the air compressor, and the electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the output pressure of the air compressor is 0.6 to 1.0 MPa, and the volume of the air storage tank is ≥200L; The rated working pressure of the air cannon body is 0.4 to 0.8 MPa, and the volume of a single air cannon body is 50 to 100 L. The pressure reducing valve is linked to the PLC controller and is used to adjust the injection pressure of the air cannon body to 0.4-0.8 MPa.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes internal support, which is disposed inside the hopper body to maintain the structural strength of the hopper body.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for clearing blockages from the discharge port of a sludge hopper using an anti-blockage and unblocking device, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Pre-treatment process: Start the air compressor to charge the air tank to 0.8-1.0 MPa, and set the initial injection pressure of the air cannon body through the pressure reducing valve; Step 2, Unloading Monitoring Procedure: Gradually open the electric slide valve at the bottom of the hopper and observe whether the sludge unloading is smooth; Step 3, Anti-blocking vibration process: When sludge unloading is blocked or unloading is not smooth, turn on the vibration motor. The vibration motor can be operated in automatic mode or manual mode. In automatic mode, the vibration motor runs intermittently, and in manual mode, the vibration motor runs continuously until the sludge unloading returns to normal. Step 4, Unblocking Spraying Process: If the sludge still cannot be discharged normally after the vibration motor is turned on, turn on the air cannon body and control the air cannon body set on the left and right of the cone section to spray in turn in sequence. The single spraying time is 0.5 to 1.0 seconds, the spraying interval is 3 to 5 seconds, and the duration is 5 to 8 minutes. Step 5: Resume Operation: After the sludge is unloaded, the device returns to standby mode.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention integrates multiple unblocking methods, such as vibration motor arch breaking and air cannon directional impact, to form a composite unblocking structure. It can take corresponding measures for different degrees and types of blockages, and the unblocking is thorough and efficient.

[0014] 2. This invention uses multiple air cannons arranged symmetrically and with nozzles at specific angles to enable high-pressure gas to form a full-area shear force field focused on the center of the discharge port, effectively destroying the bridging structure of high-viscosity sludge and solving the problems of dispersed impact force and poor clogging effect of traditional single-point air cannons.

[0015] 3. The device of the present invention has a compact structure and a high degree of automation. It can realize the automated operation of the blockage clearing process through PLC control, which reduces the intensity of manual operation and equipment wear and tear, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the conical segment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a process diagram of the unblocking process of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, cuboid segment; 101, conical segment; 1, electric slide gate valve; 2, air cannon body; 21, nozzle; 3, vibration motor; 4, lining; 5, internal support. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: A sludge hopper discharge port anti-clogging and unclogging device includes: The hopper body includes a cuboid section 100 and a conical section 101 located at the lower end of the cuboid section 100. The bottom of the conical section 101 is provided with a discharge port 102. An electric slide gate valve 1 is installed at the discharge port 102 at the bottom of the cone section 101 to control the opening and closing of the discharge port; Vibration motor 3 is installed on the outer wall of the cone segment 101 and is used to generate vibration to break the bridging state of the material; The air cannon body 2 has its spray nozzle 21 extending into the interior of the hopper body for spraying high-pressure gas into the cone section 101 to clear blockage materials. And a control unit, used to control the vibration motor 3, the air cannon body 2 and the electric slide valve 1 to work in a coordinated manner.

[0020] As an improvement, the vibration motor 3 is provided in two units, which are symmetrically arranged on the front outer wall and the rear outer wall of the cone segment 101, respectively. The air cannon body 2 has four units, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the left and right outer walls of the cone section 101.

[0021] Furthermore, the nozzle 21 at the end of the air cannon body 2 is positioned toward the center of the discharge port 102, and the nozzle 21 forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the inner wall of the cone section 101. The end of the spray pipe is provided with an anti-clogging nozzle, and the anti-clogging nozzle is provided with a plurality of inclined spray holes evenly distributed on it.

[0022] Furthermore, the inner wall of the conical segment 101 is provided with an inner liner 4, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant liner plate with a thickness of 8-10 mm, and completely covers the inner wall of the conical segment 101.

[0023] The control unit includes a PLC controller, an air compressor, an air tank, a pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid directional valve. The air compressor is connected to the air storage tank via a pipeline, and the air storage tank is connected to the air cannon body 2 via a pipeline equipped with the pressure reducing valve and the electromagnetic reversing valve. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the vibration motor 3, the electric slide gate valve 1, the air compressor, and the electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0024] In addition, the output pressure of the air compressor is 0.6 to 1.0 MPa, and the volume of the air storage tank is ≥200L; The rated working pressure of the air cannon body 2 is 0.4 to 0.8 MPa, and the volume of a single air cannon body 2 is 50 to 100 L. The pressure reducing valve is linked to the PLC controller and is used to adjust the injection pressure of the air cannon body 2 to 0.4-0.8 MPa.

[0025] As an improvement, an internal support 5 is also included, which is disposed inside the hopper body to maintain the structural strength of the hopper body.

[0026] It should be noted that the present invention adopts a graded and progressive blockage clearing strategy, that is, according to the severity of the blockage, different levels of blockage clearing methods are activated in sequence to achieve the best blockage clearing effect with the lowest energy consumption.

[0027] Specifically, by covering the inner wall of the cone section 101 with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant liner, the extremely low surface friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene makes it difficult for high-viscosity sludge to adhere to and accumulate on the inner wall of the cone section 101. This structure plays a preventive role, reducing the probability of blockage from the source, and at the same time, it helps the material to slide off more easily during subsequent blockage removal.

[0028] When sludge forms a slight blockage or bridging at the discharge port 102, the control system starts two vibrating motors 3 symmetrically arranged on the front and rear outer walls of the cone section 101. The vibrating motors 3 generate high-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical vibration. This vibration is transmitted to the internal material through the shell of the cone section 101, causing the bridging material, which is in a critical equilibrium state, to loosen and collapse. Under the action of gravity, it falls down by itself, thereby restoring smooth unloading. Among them, the working modes of the vibration motor 3 are divided into automatic mode and manual mode; If the vibration motor 3 is operated intermittently for no more than 10 seconds each time, the automatic mode can be used, which is suitable for energy-saving treatment of minor blockages. If the vibration motor 3 needs to run continuously for a long time, the manual mode can be selected, which is suitable for forced intervention in slightly severe blockages.

[0029] Furthermore, if the blockage cannot be cleared after the vibratory motor 3 is started, it indicates that the material has formed severe bridging or compaction. At this time, the air cannon body 2 is activated, and its working principle is as follows: The air compressor pre-charges the air tank to 0.8-1.0 MPa. The air tank stores high-pressure gas. When clearing blockages, the PLC controller controls the instantaneous release of high-pressure gas in the air tank through the electromagnetic reversing valve. The gas enters the air cannon body 2 through the pipeline. The high-pressure gas is ejected at high speed along the injection pipe and sprayed out in a fan shape through 3-4 inclined injection ports 21 at the end anti-blockage nozzle. The injection nozzle 21 faces the center of the discharge port 102 and forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the inner wall of the cone section 101. This angle design allows the high-pressure airflow to impact the root of the material bridging at the optimal entry angle, forming an upward shearing force and a downward pushing force, which effectively destroys the bridging through a dual action. The four air cannons are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, and spray in turn. The time of each spray can be controlled within 0.5 to 1.0 seconds, with an interval of 3 to 5 seconds, forming a multi-point, alternating, pulsed airflow impact field that covers the entire cone section 101, avoiding material segregation and dead zones caused by the impact of a single air cannon.

[0030] Example 2 Please see Figure 4 A method for clearing blockages from the discharge port of a sludge hopper using an anti-blocking and unblocking device, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Pre-treatment process: Start the air compressor to charge the air tank to 0.8-1.0 MPa, and set the initial injection pressure of the air cannon body 2 through the pressure reducing valve; Step 2, Unloading Monitoring Procedure: Gradually open the electric slide valve 1 at the bottom of the hopper and observe whether the sludge unloading is smooth; Step 3, anti-blocking vibration process: When sludge unloading is blocked or unloading is not smooth, turn on the vibration motor 3. The vibration motor 3 has two modes: automatic mode and manual mode. In automatic mode, the vibration motor 3 runs intermittently, and in manual mode, the vibration motor 3 runs continuously until the sludge unloading returns to normal. Step 4, Unblocking Spraying Process: If the sludge still cannot be discharged normally after the vibration motor 3 is turned on, the air cannon body 2 is turned on and the air cannon body 2 set on the left and right of the cone section 101 is controlled to spray in turn. The single spraying time is 0.5 to 1.0 seconds, the spraying interval is 3 to 5 seconds, and the duration is 5 to 8 minutes. Step 5: Resume Operation: After the sludge is unloaded, the device returns to standby mode.

[0031] It should be noted that the present invention can select to turn on the vibration motor 3 and the air cannon body 2 according to the severity of sludge blockage and the smoothness of unloading. That is, if blockage is encountered, the vibration motor 3 can be turned on first. If unloading is still not smooth, the air cannon body 2 can be turned on to ensure normal unloading.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sludge hopper discharge port anti-clogging and unclogging device, characterized in that, include: The hopper body includes a cuboid section (100) and a conical section (101) located at the lower end of the cuboid section (100), and the bottom of the conical section (101) is provided with a discharge port (102). An electric slide gate valve (1) is installed at the discharge port (102) at the bottom of the cone section (101) to control the opening and closing of the discharge port; A vibration motor (3) is installed on the outer wall of the cone segment (101) to generate vibration to break the bridging state of the material; The air cannon body (2) has a nozzle (21) extending into the hopper body for injecting high-pressure gas into the cone section (101) to clear blockage materials. And a control unit for coordinating the operation of the vibration motor (3), the air cannon body (2) and the electric slide valve (1).

2. The anti-clogging and unclogging device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two vibration motors (3) are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear outer walls of the cone segment (101); The air cannon body (2) has four units, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the left and right outer walls of the cone section (101).

3. The anti-clogging and unclogging device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (21) at the end of the nozzle of the air cannon body (2) is arranged facing the center of the discharge port (102), and the nozzle (21) forms an angle of 30° to 45° with the inner wall of the cone section (101). The end of the spray pipe is provided with an anti-clogging nozzle, and the anti-clogging nozzle is provided with a plurality of inclined spray holes evenly distributed on it.

4. The anti-clogging and unblocking device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the conical segment (101) is provided with a liner (4), which is a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant liner with a thickness of 8-10 mm, and completely covers the inner wall of the conical segment (101).

5. The anti-clogging and unclogging device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit includes a PLC controller, an air compressor, an air tank, a pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid directional valve; The air compressor is connected to the air storage tank via a pipeline, and the air storage tank is connected to the air cannon body (2) via a pipeline equipped with the pressure reducing valve and the electromagnetic reversing valve; The PLC controller is electrically connected to the vibration motor (3), the electric slide gate valve (1), the air compressor and the electromagnetic reversing valve.

6. The anti-clogging and unclogging device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output pressure of the air compressor is 0.6 to 1.0 MPa, and the volume of the air storage tank is ≥200L; The rated working pressure of the air cannon body (2) is 0.4 to 0.8 MPa, and the volume of a single air cannon body (2) is 50 to 100 L. The pressure reducing valve is linked to the PLC controller and is used to adjust the injection pressure of the air cannon body (2) to 0.4-0.8 MPa.

7. The anti-clogging and unclogging device for the sludge hopper discharge port according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an internal support (5), which is disposed inside the hopper body to maintain the structural strength of the hopper body.

8. A method for clearing blockages from the discharge port of a sludge hopper according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Pre-treatment process: Start the air compressor to charge the air tank to 0.8-1.0 MPa, and set the initial injection pressure of the air cannon body (2) through the pressure reducing valve; Step 2, Unloading Monitoring Procedure: Gradually open the electric slide valve (1) at the bottom of the hopper and observe whether the sludge unloading is smooth; Step 3, anti-blocking vibration process: When sludge unloading is blocked or unloading is not smooth, turn on the vibration motor (3). The vibration motor (3) operates in automatic mode and manual mode. In automatic mode, the vibration motor (3) runs intermittently, and in manual mode, the vibration motor (3) runs continuously until the sludge unloading returns to normal. Step 4, Unblocking Spraying Process: When the vibration motor (3) is turned on to vibrate, if the sludge still cannot be unloaded normally, turn on the air cannon body (2) and control the air cannon body (2) set on the left and right of the cone section (101) to spray in sequence. The single spraying time is 0.5 to 1.0 seconds, the spraying interval is 3 to 5 seconds, and the duration is 5 to 8 minutes. Step 5: Resume Operation: After the sludge is unloaded, the device returns to standby mode.

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