Anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating back-flushing and mechanical scraping and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of integrated backflushing and mechanical scraping anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter, including rack, rotary drum main body is rotationally arranged on rack, and microfilter screen is installed on rotary drum main body, and rotary drum main body has algae water inlet and clean water outlet;Drive structure is transmission connection with rotary drum main body by main drive shaft;Micro-pore backflushing component is provided in backflushing area, and arc cleaning cover is fixedly connected in microfilter screen, and arc cleaning cover has bottom residue collection groove, and residue removal assembly is installed in arc cleaning cover bottom, and reversing trigger scraper assembly is provided in local isolated space;Drive structure is fixedly connected with controller.The application triggers multiple power coupling outputs by same main drive shaft short-time reverse, so that elastic scraper is received when positive rotation avoids, and stretches out when reverse, and in the same cleaning sector, reverse flushing loosening and mechanical scraping stripping are sequentially completed, which significantly simplifies the equipment structure and improves the anti-clogging cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical fields of lake eutrophication control, cyanobacteria water separation, and rotary drum microfiltration water treatment equipment, and in particular to an anti-clogging rotary drum microfiltration machine integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping, and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Lakes, rivers, and nearshore waters are prone to cyanobacterial blooms under eutrophic conditions. Mobile shipborne algae treatment equipment can operate near polluted waters, offering advantages such as high mobility, short treatment chains, and suitability for emergency treatment. Existing shipborne algae pretreatment typically employs stacked screens, vibrating screens, inclined screens, rotary drum microfilters, or combinations thereof to achieve preliminary separation of algae, suspended solids, and water.

[0003] Stacked or inclined screen solutions rely on hydrophilic modification of the screen surface, gravity flow, or mechanical vibration. These solutions have relatively simple structures, but prolonged contact with algal adhesives on the screen surface can easily lead to adhesion and pore blockage. The hydrophilic coating or surface modification layer may also degrade over time. While vibrating screens can reduce adhesion to the screen surface through vibration, they require additional vibration drive and may introduce noise, wear, and risks of structural fatigue on ships.

[0004] Rotary drum microfilters offer advantages such as large continuous filtration area, compact structure, and suitability for large-scale processing. Existing rotary drum microfilters typically employ periodic water backwashing, combined air-water backwashing, or external high-pressure spraying for cleaning. These methods have the following drawbacks: independent high-pressure water pumps, air compressors, and piping occupy shipboard space and increase maintenance points; filter cake compaction and pore blockage may still occur between two periodic cleaning cycles; simple hydraulic flushing has limited ability to remove adhesive algae, filamentous algae flocs, or suspended solids containing mud; and increasing backwashing pressure increases energy and water consumption, as well as the impact on the filter screen structure.

[0005] To address these issues, this invention proposes an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter that integrates backwashing and mechanical scraping. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter and its usage method that integrates backwashing and mechanical scraping, in order to solve the technical problems of the prior art, which rely on external high-pressure water pumps, air compressors or independent cleaning drive motors for cleaning, resulting in large space occupation and many maintenance points on the ship. The invention enables the same main drive shaft to simultaneously drive the microporous backwashing component to generate backwash water and the reversing trigger scraper component to automatically extend the elastic scraper to fit the microfilter screen when it reverses for a short time. This achieves synergistic self-cleaning of hydraulic flushing and mechanical scraping under a single power source.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter that integrates backwashing and mechanical scraping, comprising: A frame on which a drum body is rotatably mounted, a microfilter screen is installed on the drum body, and the drum body has an algae water inlet and a clean water outlet; A drive structure is fixedly connected to the frame and is connected to the drum body via a main drive shaft. The cleaning sector includes a backwashing area located outside the microfilter and a local isolation space located inside the microfilter. A microporous backwashing assembly is provided in the backwashing area. An arc-shaped cleaning hood is fixedly connected inside the microfilter. The local isolation space is formed inside the arc-shaped cleaning hood. The arc-shaped cleaning hood has a bottom slag collection tank. A slag discharge assembly is installed at the bottom of the arc-shaped cleaning hood. A reversing trigger scraper assembly is provided in the local isolation space. Both the microporous backwashing assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly are connected to the main drive shaft. The controller is fixedly connected to the drive structure and is mounted on the frame.

[0008] Preferably, the main drive shaft is connected to a first power output branch and a second power output branch. The first power output branch is connected to a first one-way clutch, and the first one-way clutch is connected to a cam-linkage transmission mechanism. The cam-linkage transmission mechanism is connected to the microporous reverse flushing assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the microporous backwashing assembly includes a filter water storage chamber, a micro-pressurization chamber, and a plurality of microporous nozzles. A slider is slidably disposed in the micro-pressurization chamber. The cam linkage transmission mechanism is drivenly connected to the micro-pressurization chamber. The filter water storage chamber is fixedly connected to the frame. The filter water storage chamber is connected to a filter water return channel. The filter water storage chamber is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber. The micro-pressurization chamber is connected to a backwashing nozzle. A plurality of microporous nozzles are installed on the backwashing nozzle, and the microporous nozzles face the microfilter. A liquid level sensor is installed in the filter water storage chamber, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the filtered water storage chamber is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber via a connecting pipe one, and an inlet check valve is installed on the connecting pipe one. A pressure distribution component is connected between the micro-pressurization chamber and the backwash nozzle. The pressure distribution component is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber via a connecting pipe two, and an outlet check valve is installed on the connecting pipe two.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure accumulator distribution component has a pressure relief valve.

[0012] Preferably, the second power output branch is driven by a second one-way clutch, and the second one-way clutch is driven by the reversing trigger scraper assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the reversing trigger scraper assembly includes a guide groove and an elastic scraper. A push rod and a connecting rod are slidably disposed in the guide groove. The elastic scraper is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A return spring is fixedly connected between the push rod and the connecting rod. A limit block is provided on the guide groove. The limit block abuts against the connecting rod. The second one-way clutch is drively connected to the push rod.

[0014] Preferably, the second one-way clutch is driven by a rotating shaft, on which a sloping cam disk is fixedly connected. A follower is mounted on the push rod, and the follower abuts against the sloping cam disk. The sloping cam disk has a low-position receiving section, a sloping ejection section, and a high-position holding section.

[0015] Preferably, the drum body is fixedly connected to two ends of a support shaft, the support shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, the pressure detection ends of the inner filtration chamber and the outer clear water chamber of the microfilter are both equipped with differential pressure sensors, the output end of the drive structure and the main drive shaft are both equipped with drive torque detectors, the main drive shaft and the support shaft are both equipped with angle detectors, the controller is equipped with a timer, and at least one of the differential pressure sensor, the drive torque detector and the angle detector is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] A method for using an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter that integrates backwashing and mechanical scraping includes the following steps: Step 1: Forward Rotation Filtering Algae water enters the inner side of the drum body through the algae water inlet, and is filtered from the inside to the outside through the micro-filter. The clean water is discharged from the clean water outlet outside the micro-filter. During this process, the main drive shaft rotates forward in the first direction. The first one-way clutch on the first power output branch and the second one-way clutch on the second power output branch are both in the overrunning state. The micro-pressurization chamber stops pumping, and the elastic scraper separates from the micro-filter under the action of the return spring and remains in the storage position. Step 2: Monitoring Cleaning Conditions The controller is connected to at least one of a differential pressure sensor, a drive torque detector, a rotation angle detector, or a timer to collect real-time signals of differential pressure, drive torque, rotation angle, or running time across the filter screen; when the differential pressure is below a set threshold and the torque is normal, the forward rotation filtration state is maintained. Step 3: Trigger a short-term reversal cleanup When the differential pressure reaches the threshold, the driving torque increases, the running time reaches the predetermined value, or the corner positioning meets the cleaning conditions, the controller controls the drive mechanism to make the main drive shaft drive the drum body to briefly reverse in a second direction opposite to the first direction. Step 4: Initiate micro-pore reverse flushing During the short-term reversal, the first power output branch engages via the first one-way clutch, driving the micro-pressurization chamber to generate reverse flushing water; depending on the degree of blockage, the pressure distribution component switches between continuous pressure stabilization output mode and pulse output mode; in pulse mode, the pulse frequency is linked to the second direction reversal speed, and the instantaneous pressure peak is higher than the average pressure, using controlled water hammer to loosen the blockage in the mesh. Step 5: Extend the flexible scraper to fit the surface. The second power output branch drives the inclined cam disk to rotate via the second one-way clutch. The follower enters the inclined ejection section along the low position receiving section of the inclined cam disk and pushes the push rod to make the elastic scraper extend along the guide groove. After the follower enters the high position holding section, the elastic scraper continues to adhere to the inner surface of the micro-filter under the limitation of the limit block. Step Six: Collaborative Cleaning The micro-orifice nozzle is located upstream of the elastic scraper in the reverse cleaning direction, and the two form a predetermined angle along the circumference of the drum. The reverse flushing water is sprayed from the outside to the inside of the micro-filter through the micro-orifice nozzle via the backwashing nozzle pipe, first loosening the blockage, and then the elastic scraper shears and scrapes off the detached algae mud. Step 7: Slag Removal The scraped algae sludge and rinsing water are confined within the localized isolation space enclosed by the arc-shaped cleaning hood, and then enter the slag discharge assembly through the bottom slag collection trough and are discharged out of the machine body; Step 8: Restore forward filtration After completing the predetermined reversal angle or time, the controller controls the resumption of forward rotation; the first and second one-way clutches are once again in the overrunning state, the micro-pressurization chamber stops pumping, and the elastic scraper retracts to the storage position under the action of the reset spring and separates from the micro-filter, entering the next filtration cycle.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1. This invention organically combines a frame, drum body, microfilter, drive structure, main drive shaft, cleaning sector, micropore backwash assembly, reversing trigger scraper assembly, and controller. Both the micropore backwash assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly are connected to the main drive shaft. When cleaning is required, the controller causes the drive mechanism to reverse briefly through the main drive shaft, which simultaneously drives the micropore backwash assembly to generate backwash water and the reversing trigger scraper assembly to automatically extend the elastic scraper to fit the microfilter. This achieves coordinated self-cleaning of hydraulic flushing and mechanical scraping under a single power source. The equipment does not require an additional independent cleaning drive motor, external high-pressure flushing pump, and air compressor, significantly reducing the space occupied on board and the number of maintenance points.

[0018] 2. The cleaning sector is spatially divided into a backwashing area located outside the microfilter and a local isolation space located inside the microfilter. The reverse water flow generated by the microporous backwashing component in the backwashing area passes through the filter from the outside to the inside, pushing the algae sludge blocked in the mesh back to the inside and loosening it. Subsequently, the reversing trigger scraper component in the local isolation space shears and scrapes off the loosened algae sludge, making the sequential synergistic relationship of "backwashing first loosens, elastic scraper then scrapes off" clear, effectively improving the peeling ability of adhesive algae sludge, filamentous algae flocs and mud-containing suspended matter, and avoiding the problems of insufficient peeling ability of simple hydraulic flushing and filter cake compaction.

[0019] 3. The arc-shaped cleaning hood is fixedly connected to the inside of the microfilter, forming a relatively closed local isolation space with the inner wall of the drum body. The arc-shaped cleaning hood has a bottom sludge collection tank and a sludge discharge component installed at the bottom of the arc-shaped cleaning hood. This can confine the backwash water, peeled algae mud, and scraped algae mud within the local isolation space and concentrate them for discharge through the bottom sludge collection tank and sludge discharge component. This effectively prevents the peeled material from being mixed back into the filtration zone and ensures stable filtration efficiency.

[0020] 4. When the main drive shaft rotates forward in the first direction, both the first and second one-way clutches are in overrunning mode, the micro-pressurization chamber stops pumping, the elastic scraper remains retracted and separated from the micro-filter, and there is no additional mechanical loss or energy waste during forward filtration. When the main drive shaft briefly reverses in the second direction, the first and second one-way clutches engage respectively, and the micropore reverse flushing assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly synchronously obtain power. After cleaning is completed, forward rotation resumes, and all components automatically reset. The switching between forward and reverse states is clear, and the cooperation of all components is stable and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main drive shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coordinated mechanical scraping of the micropore reverse flushing component for the cleaning sector of the present invention and the elastic scraper. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation state of the elastic scraper and the microfilter screen in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the bonding state between the elastic scraper and the microfilter screen of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water path and micro-pressurization chamber structure of the microporous backflushing component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the workflow of the present invention; The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Drum body; 3. Microfilter; 4. Support shaft; 5. Drive mechanism; 6. Algae water inlet; 7. Clean water outlet; 8. Cleaning sector; 9. Arc-shaped cleaning hood; 10. Local isolation space; 11. Guide groove; 12. Elastic scraper; 13. Reversing trigger scraper assembly; 14. Return spring; 15. Limit block; 16. Micro-pressurization chamber; 17. Filtered water storage chamber; 18. Inlet check valve; 19. Outlet check valve; 20. Pressure distribution system. Components; 21. Backwash nozzle; 22. Micro-orifice nozzle; 23. Bottom slag collection trough; 24. Slag discharge assembly; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Cam linkage transmission mechanism; 29. ​​Controller; 30. Main drive shaft; 31. First power output branch; 32. Second power output branch; 33. First one-way clutch; 34. Second one-way clutch; 35. Inclined cam disc; 36. Push rod; 37. Pressure relief valve; 38. Filter water return channel; 39. Follower component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-7 This invention provides an anti-clogging rotary drum microfiltration machine integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping, comprising: The frame 1 has a rotating drum body 2 rotatably mounted on it. A micro filter screen 3 is installed on the rotating drum body 2. The rotating drum body 2 has an algae water inlet 6 and a clean water outlet 7. Drive structure 5 is fixedly connected to frame 1 and is connected to drum body 2 via main drive shaft 30. The cleaning sector 8 includes a backwashing area located outside the microfilter 3 and a local isolation space 10 located inside the microfilter 3. A microporous backwashing component is provided in the backwashing area. An arc-shaped cleaning hood 9 is fixedly connected inside the microfilter 3. A local isolation space 10 is formed inside the arc-shaped cleaning hood 9. The arc-shaped cleaning hood 9 has a bottom slag collection trough 23. A slag discharge component 24 is installed at the bottom of the arc-shaped cleaning hood 9. A reversing trigger scraper component 13 is provided in the local isolation space 10. Both the microporous backwashing component and the reversing trigger scraper component 13 are connected to the main drive shaft 30 for transmission. The controller 29 is fixedly connected to the motor and is mounted on the frame 1.

[0026] The frame 1 serves as the installation base for the entire equipment. The drum body 2 is rotatably mounted on it via the support shaft 4. The microfilter 3 is used to trap algae and suspended solids. One end of the drum body 2 is provided with an algae water inlet 6, through which the algae water to be treated enters the interior of the drum body 2. The filtered clean water is discharged from the clean water outlet 7. The bottom surface of the drum body 2, corresponding to the area below the cleaning sector 8, is provided with a slag discharge assembly 24, which is used to discharge the scraped algae mud and impurities from the machine. When the equipment is running, the drum body 2 rotates continuously. Under the action of centrifugal force and internal and external pressure difference, the clean water inside passes through the filter screen and is discharged, while the algae are trapped on the inner surface of the filter screen, realizing the initial stage of solid-liquid separation. As the power core of the equipment, the drive structure 5 is connected to the drum body 2 through the main drive shaft 30, providing power for the forward filtration and reverse cleaning of the drum. During forward filtration, the main drive shaft 30 drives the drum body 2 to rotate; during reverse cleaning, the main drive shaft 30 outputs torque, realizing the purpose of driving multiple actuators with a single power source, simplifying the power system structure of the shipborne equipment.

[0027] The cleaning sector 8 is the core area for achieving the self-cleaning function of this invention. Spatially, the cleaning sector 8 is divided into a backwashing area outside the microfilter 3 and a local isolation space 10 inside the microfilter 3. A microporous backwashing assembly is installed in the backwashing area, generating a reverse water flow that passes through the filter screen from the outside in. The arc-shaped cleaning hood 9 and the inner wall of the rotating drum enclose a relatively closed local isolation space 10. A bottom sludge collection trough 23 is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped cleaning hood 9 to collect scraped algae sludge, and a sludge discharge assembly 24 is installed at this bottom to facilitate the timely removal of high-concentration algae sludge. A reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 is installed within the local isolation space 10 for mechanically scraping the inner surface of the filter screen. The microporous backwash assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 are connected via the main drive shaft 30. When cleaning is required, the controller 29 causes the drive mechanism 5 to briefly reverse via the main drive shaft 30, causing the drum body 2 to reverse. This powers the microporous backwash assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13. The microporous backwash assembly generates high-pressure water to clean algae from the microfilter screen 3, while the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 extends to adhere to the filter screen and scrapes away the algae. This achieves coordinated cleaning using both hydraulic and mechanical forces within the same sector, eliminating the need for a separate cleaning drive motor. After cleaning, the controller 29 controls the return to forward rotation for the next filtration cycle.

[0028] The controller 29 has an integrated logic operation module, which receives signals from various sensors and sends forward, reverse, or stop commands to the motor according to a preset control strategy to achieve fully automatic operation of the equipment.

[0029] The microfilter 3 can be a 20-80 micrometer stainless steel woven mesh, wedge mesh, or sintered composite mesh. For waters with high cyanobacteria incidence, a 30-50 micrometer microfilter is preferred to balance algae retention rate, filtration flux, and cleaning pressure. The drum body 2 can be made of 316L stainless steel or corrosion-resistant composite material, and its diameter, length, and filtration area can be adjusted according to the hull width, processing capacity, and subsequent concentration unit capacity.

[0030] The scheme is further optimized. The main drive shaft 30 is connected to a first power output branch 31 and a second power output branch 32. The first power output branch 31 is connected to a first one-way clutch 33. The first one-way clutch 33 is connected to a cam-linkage transmission mechanism 26. The cam-linkage transmission mechanism 26 is connected to the micropore reverse flushing assembly.

[0031] On the main drive shaft 30, a first power output branch 31 and a second power output branch 32 are led out through gears or pulleys, respectively. The output end of the first power output branch 31 is connected to a first one-way clutch 33. The function of the first one-way clutch 33 is that when the main drive shaft rotates forward, it is in an overrunning state, that is, it does not transmit power to the subsequent mechanism; when the main drive shaft rotates in reverse, the clutch engages and transmits power to the cam-linkage transmission mechanism 26. The cam-linkage transmission mechanism 26 is then connected to the piston or plunger in the micro-pore backwash assembly, converting its rotational motion into reciprocating linear motion, thereby pressurizing the backwash water.

[0032] The advantage of this setup is that the cleaning action is triggered only during reverse rotation, with no additional mechanical loss or energy waste during forward rotation.

[0033] The scheme is further optimized. The microporous backwashing assembly includes a filter water storage chamber 17, a micro-pressurization chamber 16, and several microporous nozzles 22. A slider is slidably arranged in the micro-pressurization chamber 16. A cam linkage transmission mechanism 26 is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber 16. The filter water storage chamber is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The filter water storage chamber is connected to the filter water return channel 38. The filter water storage chamber 17 is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber 16. The micro-pressurization chamber 16 is connected to the backwashing nozzle 21. Several microporous nozzles 22 are installed on the backwashing nozzle 21. The microporous nozzles 22 face the microfilter 3. A liquid level sensor is installed in the filter water storage chamber. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller 29.

[0034] The filtered water storage chamber 17 is fixed on the frame 1. It is connected to the clean water outlet 7 or the clean water chamber through the filtered water return channel 38 to collect a portion of the filtered clean water as a backwash water source. The filtered water storage chamber 17 is connected to the inlet of the micro-pressurization chamber 16. A slider (i.e., plunger) is slidably installed inside the micro-pressurization chamber 16. The slider is connected to the cam linkage transmission mechanism 26. When the cam rotates, it pushes the slider to reciprocate within the chamber.

[0035] During equipment operation, when the drum body 2 briefly reverses, the first one-way clutch 33 engages, and the cam linkage mechanism begins to work. During the slide return stroke, a negative pressure is generated inside the micro-pressurization chamber 16, drawing clean water from the filtered water storage chamber 17. During the slide compression stroke, water is forced into the backwash nozzle 21 and finally ejected at high speed from the micro-orifice nozzle 22, heading towards the micro-filter 3. A liquid level sensor is also installed inside the filtered water storage chamber 17. When the water level is too low, the sensor sends a signal to the controller 29, which can issue an alarm or pause backwashing to prevent the pressurization chamber from drawing in dry water.

[0036] The scheme is further optimized. The filtered water storage chamber 17 is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber 16 through a connecting pipe 1. A water inlet check valve 18 is installed on the connecting pipe 1. A pressure distribution component 20 is connected between the micro-pressurization chamber 16 and the backwash spray pipe 21. The pressure distribution component 20 is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber 16 through a connecting pipe 2. A water outlet check valve 19 is installed on the connecting pipe 2.

[0037] To achieve unidirectional water flow and pressure accumulation, the filtered water storage chamber 17 is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber 16 via a connecting pipe, and an inlet check valve 18 is installed on this connecting pipe to ensure that water can only flow from the storage chamber to the pressurization chamber, preventing high-pressure water backflow. A pressure accumulator distribution component 20 connects the micro-pressurization chamber 16 and the backwash nozzle 21, and the two are connected via a connecting pipe 2, on which an outlet check valve 19 is installed to ensure that the pressurized high-pressure water can only flow to the nozzle and will not flow back into the pressurization chamber. The pressure accumulator distribution component 20 has a certain volume to store a certain amount of high-pressure water, stabilizing pressure and accumulating energy to generate pulse impacts.

[0038] The design is further optimized by adding a pressure relief valve 37 to the pressure accumulator distribution component 20.

[0039] To ensure system safety, a pressure relief valve 37 is also provided on the pressure accumulator distribution unit 20. When the pressure inside the pressure accumulator distribution unit 20 exceeds the set safety threshold (for example, due to nozzle blockage or abnormal rotation speed), the pressure relief valve 37 will automatically open to release the excess pressure, thereby protecting the micro-pressurization chamber 16, pipelines and micro-orifice nozzles 22 from damage caused by excessive pressure.

[0040] In a further optimized design, the second power output branch 32 is connected to a second one-way clutch 34, which is connected to the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13.

[0041] The transmission path of the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 is as follows: The output end of the second power output branch 32 is connected to the second one-way clutch 34. Its working logic is the same as that of the first one-way clutch 33, that is, it overtakes and does not transmit power when rotating forward, and engages and transmits power to the reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 when rotating in reverse, driving the elastic scraper 12 to perform the scraping action.

[0042] The scheme is further optimized. The reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 includes a guide groove 11 and an elastic scraper 12. A push rod 36 and a connecting rod 25 are slidably arranged in the guide groove 11. The elastic scraper 12 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 25. A reset spring 14 is fixedly connected between the push rod 36 and the connecting rod 25. A limit block 15 is provided on the guide groove 11. The limit block 15 abuts against the connecting rod 25. The second one-way clutch 34 is connected to the push rod 36 in a transmission manner.

[0043] The reversing trigger scraper assembly 13 includes a fixedly mounted guide groove 11 and an elastic scraper 12. The guide groove 11 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 or the arc-shaped cleaning hood 9. The elastic scraper 12 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 25. A return spring 14 is fixedly connected between the push rod 36 and the connecting rod 25. A limit block 15 is provided on the guide groove 11 to limit the maximum extension position of the connecting rod 25 (i.e., the elastic scraper 12).

[0044] When the drum body 2 reverses, the second one-way clutch 34 engages, driving the push rod 36 to move closer to the microfilter 3. The push rod 36 first compresses the return spring 14, which transmits force to the connecting rod 25, pushing the connecting rod 25 and the elastic scraper 12 forward together. When the connecting rod 25 is blocked by the limit block 15, the elastic scraper 12 stops moving forward and remains in contact with the microfilter 3. At this time, if the push rod 36 continues to move forward, the return spring 14 is further compressed, so that the elastic scraper 12 adheres to the filter surface with a certain elastic pressure, which can effectively scrape off algae and avoid rigidly scratching the filter.

[0045] When cleaning is complete and the drum body 2 resumes forward rotation, the second one-way clutch 34 disengages, and the push rod 36 loses its driving force. Under the restoring force of the return spring 14, the push rod 36 and the connecting rod 25 are pushed back to their original positions, and the elastic scraper 12 immediately disengages from contact with the microfilter 3 and returns to its stored state.

[0046] The micro-orifice nozzle 22 and the elastic scraper 12 are staggered along the circumferential direction, with an included angle α of 5° to 45°, preferably 10° to 30°. The coverage angle of the cleaning sector 8 is set as β, and the single short-term reversal angle is set as θ, where θ is at least greater than or equal to β, preferably greater than or equal to β+α. If necessary, an oversweeping angle of 3° to 15° is added. This ensures that the same section of filter screen is backwashed by the nozzle first and then scraped off by the scraper. In actual operation, the controller 29 determines the single short-term reversal angle θ based on the circumferential coverage angle β of the cleaning sector 8, the circumferential included angle α between the micro-orifice nozzle 22 and the elastic scraper 12, and the preset oversweeping angle, so that the same screen unit has completed the pre-rinsing from the outside to the inside before entering the scraper contact area.

[0047] In a further optimized design, the second one-way clutch 34 is connected to a rotating shaft, on which a sloping cam disk 35 is fixedly connected. A follower 39 is mounted on the push rod 36, and the follower 39 abuts against the sloping cam disk 35. The sloping cam disk 35 has a low-position receiving section, a sloping ejection section, and a high-position holding section.

[0048] The output end of the second one-way clutch 34 is connected to a rotating shaft, on which a sloping cam disk 35 is fixedly mounted. A follower 39 (e.g., a roller or slider) is mounted at the end of the push rod 36, and this follower 39 always abuts against the contour surface of the sloping cam disk 35. When the sloping cam disk 35 rotates with the rotating shaft, its contour surface drives the follower 39 to move axially, thereby causing the push rod 36 to perform reciprocating linear motion.

[0049] To achieve precise sequential control, the profile of the inclined cam disk 35 is designed with three functional sections: a low-position storage section, an inclined ejection section, and a high-position holding section. In the initial forward rotation state, the follower 39 is in the low-position storage section, at which point the push rod 36 is in the retracted position, and the scraper is separated from the filter screen. When the drum body 2 reverses, the cam disk rotates, and the follower 39 enters the inclined ejection section. The profile of this section gradually rises, smoothly converting the rotational motion into the linear forward movement of the push rod 36, pushing the scraper outward. When the follower 39 enters the high-position holding section, the push rod 36 and the scraper 12 remain in the maximum extended position, continuously adhering to the filter screen within the corresponding angular range of this section, ensuring that the scraper has sufficient stroke angle to thoroughly scrape the filter screen.

[0050] The scheme is further optimized. The drum body 2 is fixedly connected to both ends of the support shaft, which is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The pressure detection ends of the inner filter chamber and the outer clear water chamber of the microfilter 3 are equipped with differential pressure sensors. The output end of the drive structure 5 and the main drive shaft 30 are equipped with drive torque detectors. The main drive shaft 30 and the support shaft are equipped with angle detectors. The controller 29 is equipped with a timer. At least one of the differential pressure sensor, drive torque detector and angle detector is electrically connected to the controller 29.

[0051] To achieve intelligent judgment of the cleaning timing, the controller 29 is connected to at least one of the following: a differential pressure sensor, a drive torque detector, a rotation angle detector, and a timer. The differential pressure sensor detects the water pressure difference across the microfilter 3, reflecting the degree of filter clogging; the drive torque detector monitors the output torque of the drive motor; when the filter clogging worsens, the load increases, and the torque rises; the rotation angle detector monitors the rotation angle of the drum, enabling precise positioning control and reverse angle control; the timer implements timed cleaning as a fallback strategy. Based on the comprehensive logic judgment of these signals, the controller 29 determines when to initiate the reverse cleaning program, making the triggering of the cleaning action more scientific and timely.

[0052] A method for using an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter that integrates backwashing and mechanical scraping includes the following steps: Step 1: Forward Rotation Filtering Algae water enters the inner side of the drum body 2 through the algae water inlet 6, and is filtered from the inside to the outside through the micro filter screen 3. The clean water is discharged from the clean water outlet 7 outside the micro filter screen 3. During this process, the main drive shaft 30 rotates forward in the first direction. The first one-way clutch 33 on the first power output branch 31 and the second one-way clutch 34 on the second power output branch 32 are both in the overrunning state. The micro-pressurization chamber 16 stops pumping, and the elastic scraper 12 separates from the micro filter screen 3 under the action of the return spring 14 and remains in the storage position.

[0053] Step 2: Monitoring Cleaning Conditions The controller 29 is connected to at least one of a differential pressure sensor, a drive torque detector, a rotation angle detector, or a timer to collect real-time signals of differential pressure, drive torque, rotation angle, or running time across the filter screen; when the differential pressure is below a set threshold and the torque is normal, it maintains forward rotation filtration.

[0054] Step 3: Trigger a short-term reversal cleanup When the differential pressure reaches the threshold, the driving torque increases, the running time reaches the predetermined value, or the corner positioning meets the cleaning conditions, the controller 29 controls the drive mechanism 5 to make the main drive shaft 30 drive the drum body 2 to briefly reverse in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0055] Step 4: Initiate micro-pore reverse flushing During the short-term reversal, the first power output branch 31 engages via the first one-way clutch 33, driving the micro-pressurization chamber 16 to generate reverse flushing water; depending on the degree of blockage, the pressure distribution component 20 switches between continuous pressure stabilization output mode and pulse output mode; in pulse mode, the pulse frequency is linked to the second direction reversal speed, and the instantaneous pressure peak is higher than the average pressure, using controlled water hammer to loosen the blockage in the mesh.

[0056] Step 5: Extend the flexible scraper to fit the surface. The second power output branch 32 drives the inclined cam disk 35 to rotate via the second one-way clutch 34. The follower 39 enters the inclined ejection section along the low position receiving section of the inclined cam disk 35, pushing the push rod 36 to make the elastic scraper 12 extend along the guide groove 11. After the follower 39 enters the high position holding section, the elastic scraper 12 continues to adhere to the inner surface of the microfilter 3 under the limitation of the limit block 15.

[0057] Step Six: Collaborative Cleaning The micro-orifice nozzle 22 is located upstream of the elastic scraper 12 in the reverse cleaning direction, and the two form a predetermined angle along the circumference of the drum. The reverse flushing water is sprayed from the outside to the inside of the micro-filter 3 through the micro-orifice nozzle 22 via the backwashing nozzle 21, first loosening the blockage, and then the elastic scraper 12 shears and scrapes off the peeled algae mud.

[0058] Step 7: Slag Removal The scraped algae and rinsing water are confined within the local isolation space 10 enclosed by the arc-shaped cleaning hood 9, and enter the slag discharge assembly 24 through the bottom slag collection trough 23 and are then discharged from the machine body.

[0059] Step 8: Restore forward filtration After completing the predetermined reversal angle or time, the controller 29 controls the resumption of forward rotation; the first one-way clutch 33 and the second one-way clutch 34 are once again in the overrunning state, the micro-pressurization chamber 16 stops pumping, and the elastic scraper 12 retracts to the storage position under the action of the reset spring 14 and separates from the micro-filter 3, entering the next filtration cycle.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0061] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clog-resistant rotary drum microfiltration machine integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) is provided with a rotating drum body (2) which is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). A micro filter (3) is installed on the rotating drum body (2). The rotating drum body (2) has an algae water inlet (6) and a clean water outlet (7). The drive structure (5) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) and is connected to the drum body (2) via the main drive shaft (30). The cleaning sector (8) includes a backwashing area located outside the microfilter (3) and a local isolation space (10) located inside the microfilter (3). A microporous backwashing assembly is provided in the backwashing area. An arc-shaped cleaning hood (9) is fixedly connected inside the microfilter (3). The local isolation space (10) is formed inside the arc-shaped cleaning hood (9). The arc-shaped cleaning hood (9) has a bottom slag collection trough (23). A slag discharge assembly (24) is installed at the bottom of the arc-shaped cleaning hood (9). A reversing trigger scraper assembly (13) is provided inside the local isolation space (10). The microporous backwashing assembly and the reversing trigger scraper assembly (13) are both connected to the main drive shaft (30) for transmission. The controller (29) is fixedly connected to the drive structure (5), and the controller (29) is mounted on the frame (1).

2. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfiltration machine integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drive shaft (30) is connected to a first power output branch (31) and a second power output branch (32). The first power output branch (31) is connected to a first one-way clutch (33). The first one-way clutch (33) is connected to a cam link drive mechanism (26). The cam link drive mechanism (26) is connected to the micropore reverse flushing assembly.

3. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The microporous backwash assembly includes a filter water storage chamber (17), a micro-pressurization chamber (16), and several microporous nozzles (22). A slider is slidably arranged in the micro-pressurization chamber (16). The cam linkage transmission mechanism (26) is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber (16). The filter water storage chamber is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The filter water storage chamber is connected to a filter water return channel (38). The filter water storage chamber (17) is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber (16). The micro-pressurization chamber (16) is connected to a backwash nozzle (21). Several microporous nozzles (22) are installed on the backwash nozzle (21). The microporous nozzles (22) face the micro-filter (3). A liquid level sensor is installed in the filter water storage chamber. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller (29).

4. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfiltration machine integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtered water storage chamber (17) is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber (16) through a connecting pipe one. A water inlet check valve (18) is installed on the connecting pipe one. A pressure distribution component (20) is connected between the micro-pressurization chamber (16) and the backwash nozzle (21). The pressure distribution component (20) is connected to the micro-pressurization chamber (16) through a connecting pipe two. A water outlet check valve (19) is installed on the connecting pipe two.

5. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure accumulator (20) has a pressure relief valve (37).

6. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second power output branch (32) is connected to a second one-way clutch (34), which is connected to the reversing trigger scraper assembly (13).

7. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reversing trigger scraper assembly (13) includes a guide groove (11) and an elastic scraper (12). A push rod (36) and a connecting rod (25) are slidably arranged in the guide groove (11). The elastic scraper (12) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (25). A reset spring (14) is fixedly connected between the push rod (36) and the connecting rod (25). A limit block (15) is provided on the guide groove (11). The limit block (15) abuts against the connecting rod (25). The second one-way clutch (34) is drivenly connected to the push rod (36).

8. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second one-way clutch (34) is connected to a rotating shaft, on which a sloping cam disk (35) is fixedly connected. A follower (39) is installed on the push rod (36), and the follower (39) abuts against the sloping cam disk (35). The sloping cam disk (35) has a low-position receiving section, a sloping ejection section, and a high-position holding section.

9. The anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum body (2) is fixedly connected to two ends of a support shaft, which is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The pressure detection ends of the inner filter chamber and the outer clear water chamber of the microfilter (3) are equipped with differential pressure sensors. The output end of the drive structure (5) and the main drive shaft (30) are equipped with drive torque detectors. The main drive shaft (30) and the support shaft are equipped with angle detectors. The controller (29) is equipped with a timer. At least one of the differential pressure sensor, the drive torque detector and the angle detector is electrically connected to the controller (29).

10. A method of using an anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping, based on the anti-clogging rotary drum microfilter integrating backwashing and mechanical scraping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Forward filtration Algae water enters the inner side of the drum body (2) through the algae water inlet (6), and is filtered from the inside to the outside through the micro filter (3). The clean water is discharged from the clean water outlet (7) outside the micro filter (3). During this process, the main drive shaft (30) rotates in the first direction. The first one-way clutch (33) on the first power output branch (31) and the second one-way clutch (34) on the second power output branch (32) are both in the overrunning state. The micro-pressurization chamber (16) stops pumping. The elastic scraper (12) is separated from the micro filter (3) under the action of the return spring (14) and remains in the storage position. Step 2: Monitoring Cleaning Conditions The controller (29) is connected to at least one of a differential pressure sensor, a drive torque detector, a rotation angle detector or a timer to collect the differential pressure, drive torque, rotation angle or running time signals on both sides of the filter screen in real time. When the differential pressure is below the set threshold and the torque is normal, maintain forward rotation filtration state; Step 3: Trigger a short-term reversal cleanup When the differential pressure reaches the threshold, the driving torque increases, the running time reaches the predetermined value, or the corner positioning meets the cleaning conditions, the controller (29) controls the drive mechanism (5) to make the main drive shaft (30) drive the drum body (2) to reverse briefly in the second direction opposite to the first direction; Step 4: Initiate microporous reverse flushing During the short-term reversal process, the first power output branch (31) is engaged by the first one-way clutch (33) to drive the micro-pressurization chamber (16) to generate reverse flushing water; Depending on the degree of blockage, the pressure distribution unit (20) switches between continuous pressure stabilization output mode and pulse output mode; in pulse mode, the pulse frequency is linked with the second direction reverse rotation speed, and the instantaneous pressure peak is higher than the average pressure, using controlled water hammer to loosen the blockage in the mesh. Step 5: Extend the flexible scraper to fit the surface. The second power output branch (32) drives the inclined cam disk (35) to rotate via the second one-way clutch (34). The follower (39) enters the inclined ejection section along the low position receiving section of the inclined cam disk (35) and pushes the push rod (36) to make the elastic scraper (12) extend along the guide groove (11). After the follower (39) enters the high position holding section, the elastic scraper (12) continues to adhere to the inner surface of the micro-filter (3) under the limitation of the limit block (15). Step Six: Collaborative Cleaning The micro-orifice nozzle (22) is located upstream of the elastic scraper (12) in the reverse cleaning direction, and the two form a predetermined angle along the circumference of the drum. The reverse flushing water is sprayed from the outside of the micro-filter (3) to the inside through the micro-orifice nozzle (22) via the backwashing nozzle (21), first loosening the blockage, and then the elastic scraper (12) shears and scrapes off the peeled algae mud. Step 7: Slag Removal The scraped algae mud and rinsing water are confined within the local isolation space (10) enclosed by the arc-shaped cleaning hood (9), and enter the slag discharge assembly (24) through the bottom slag collection trough (23) and are discharged out of the machine body; Step 8: Restore forward filtration After completing the predetermined reversal angle or time, the controller (29) controls the resumption of forward rotation; the first one-way clutch (33) and the second one-way clutch (34) are in overrun state again, the micro-boost chamber (16) stops pumping, and the elastic scraper (12) retracts to the storage position under the action of the reset spring (14) and separates from the micro-filter (3) to enter the next filtration cycle.

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