Planetary gear motor assembly device and assembly method

Abstract

The application discloses a planetary gear motor assembling device and assembling method, and the planetary gear motor comprises a motor assembly, the motor assembly comprises a motor end cover, a motor body is installed on one side of the motor end cover, a through hole is arranged in the center of the motor end cover, and an output shaft of the motor body penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with a sun gear; and a gear box assembly is arranged, the rotating driving mechanism is arranged to be in transmission connection with a planet carrier, the planet carrier is driven to rotate in the process that the second fixing mechanism moves towards the first fixing mechanism, so that each planet gear revolves around the central shaft of the planet carrier, and the circumferential position of the planet gear is continuously adjusted. The arrangement enables the sun gear to actively search for the tooth gap between the planet gears and enter the tooth gap in the axial advancing process, effectively avoids the problems of tooth tip collision and meshing failure caused by the random circumferential position of the planet gear, realizes lossless and smooth meshing of the sun gear and the planet gear, and significantly improves the assembling yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor assembly technology, and more specifically, to a planetary gear motor assembly device and assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear motors are a common type of power transmission device, widely used in automation equipment, robots, power tools, and other fields. A typical planetary gear motor consists of a motor assembly and a gearbox assembly. The output shaft of the motor assembly has a sun gear fixed to its end. Inside the gearbox assembly, a planet carrier is rotatably mounted, on which multiple planet gears are evenly mounted. A gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the gearbox housing to mesh with the planet gears. During assembly, the sun gear needs to be inserted into the gearbox housing and simultaneously meshed with each planet gear. At the same time, the motor end cover is mated and secured to the gearbox housing.

[0003] In existing technologies, the assembly of planetary gear motors is typically done manually or semi-automatically. The operator first secures the motor assembly, then places the gearbox assembly onto the output shaft of the motor assembly, allowing the sun gear to engage with the planet gears. However, in actual operation, because the planet gears rotate freely on the planet carrier, their circumferential positions are random, while the sun gear teeth are fixed. When the sun gear is pushed axially, its teeth easily collide with the planet gear teeth, preventing proper meshing. Operators often need to repeatedly adjust the angles of the planet gears, sometimes requiring multiple attempts to push the sun gear into the correct position. This repeated trial and error can easily damage the gear teeth, affecting product quality and lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planetary gear motor assembly device and assembly method to solve the problem in the prior art where the random circumferential position of the planetary gears causes tooth tip collisions between the sun gear and the planetary gears, making it difficult to mesh smoothly and easily causing damage to the gear teeth.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a planetary gear motor assembly device, wherein the planetary gear motor comprises: A motor assembly, the motor assembly including a motor end cover, a motor body mounted on one side of the motor end cover, a through hole provided in the center of the motor end cover, and an output shaft of the motor body passing through the through hole and fixedly connected to a sun gear; A gearbox assembly, comprising a gearbox housing, a planetary carrier rotatably mounted inside the gearbox housing, a plurality of planetary gears uniformly rotatably mounted on one side of the planetary carrier with its central axis as the center, and a gear ring that meshes with the planetary gears fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the gearbox housing. When the motor assembly and the gearbox assembly are assembled, the motor end cover and the gearbox housing are fixed together, and the sun gear extends into the gearbox housing and meshes with each of the planet gears simultaneously. The assembly device includes: A first fixing mechanism is used to fix the motor assembly; The second fixing mechanism is used to fix the gearbox assembly; A linear drive mechanism is connected to the second fixed mechanism for driving the second fixed mechanism to move along a straight line toward or away from the first fixed mechanism, so as to drive the gearbox assembly toward or away from the motor assembly; A rotation drive mechanism is connected to the planet carrier for driving the planet carrier to rotate during the movement of the second fixed mechanism toward the first fixed mechanism, thereby causing each planet gear to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier, adjusting the circumferential position of the planet gears, so that the sun gear can smoothly enter between each planet gear and mesh with the planet gears; When the second fixing mechanism moves to the assembly position, the sun gear fully meshes with each of the planet gears, and the motor end cover is docked and fixed with the gearbox housing, thus completing the assembly of the planetary gear motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the first fixing mechanism includes a storage seat, and a pressure block is provided above the storage seat. The pressure block is connected to a first driving device for driving its lifting and lowering.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the storage seat is provided with a limiting groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the second fixing mechanism has the same structure as the first fixing mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the linear drive mechanism is either a lead screw linear drive module or a belt linear drive module.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotation drive mechanism includes a rotating rod, one end of which is connected to a second drive device for driving its rotation, and the other end of the rotating rod is provided with a spline head. The end of the planet carrier away from the planet gear is provided with a spline groove that matches the spline head.

[0011] Furthermore, a first detection sensor is installed on the first fixing mechanism, which is used to detect whether the motor assembly is installed at a predetermined installation position on the first fixing mechanism; a second detection sensor is installed on the second fixing mechanism, which is used to detect whether the gearbox assembly is installed at a predetermined installation position on the second fixing mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first and second detection sensors are photoelectric sensors.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the motor end cover is provided with a first spline, and the inner wall of the gearbox housing is provided with a second spline that matches the first spline; when the gearbox assembly moves to the preset assembly position, the first spline and the second spline mesh with each other to circumferentially position and fix the motor end cover to the gearbox housing.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an assembly method for a planetary gear motor assembly device, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Fix the motor assembly to the first fixing mechanism, so that the motor body is fixed relative to the first fixing mechanism; S2. Fix the gearbox assembly to the second fixing mechanism, so that the gearbox housing is fixed relative to the second fixing mechanism; S3. Activate the linear drive mechanism to drive the second fixed mechanism to move linearly towards the first fixed mechanism, and at the same time activate the rotation drive mechanism to drive the planet carrier to rotate, thereby causing each planetary gear to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier; S4. During the movement of the second fixing mechanism, the circumferential position of each planetary gear is adjusted by the rotation of the planetary carrier, so that the sun gear can smoothly enter between each planetary gear and mesh with the planetary gear; S5. When the second fixing mechanism moves to the assembly position, the sun gear is fully engaged with each of the planet gears, and at the same time, the motor end cover is docked and fixed with the gearbox housing, thus completing the assembly of the planet gear motor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention include: 1. This invention, by setting a rotation drive mechanism connected to the planetary carrier, drives the planetary carrier to rotate as the second fixed mechanism moves towards the first fixed mechanism, thereby causing each planetary gear to revolve around the central axis of the planetary carrier and continuously adjusting the circumferential position of the planetary gears. This arrangement allows the sun gear's teeth to actively seek and enter the tooth gaps between the planetary gears during axial advancement, effectively avoiding tooth tip collisions and meshing failures caused by random circumferential positions of the planetary gears. This achieves non-destructive and smooth meshing between the sun gear and the planetary gears, significantly improving the assembly yield.

[0016] 2. This invention configures the rotary drive mechanism as including a rotating rod, a second drive device, and a spline head at the end of the rotating rod, with a matching spline groove at the end of the planetary carrier. The transmission connection between the rotary drive mechanism and the planetary carrier is achieved through a spline connection. This configuration ensures smooth and reliable torque transmission and allows for quick separation of the rotary drive mechanism and planetary carrier after assembly, facilitating product removal and avoiding potential component damage from forced separation. This improves the ease of use and service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear motor assembly device (with planetary gear motor) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Obtain a magnified view of point A; Figure 3 This is an installation diagram of the planet carrier and planet gears according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear motor assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention (without the planetary gear motor).

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation drive mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Rear view; In the diagram: 100 - Motor assembly; 110 - Motor end cover; 111 - First spline; 120 - Motor body; 130 - Sun gear; 200 - Gearbox assembly; 210 - Gearbox housing; 211 - Second spline; 220 - Planet carrier; 221 - Spline groove; 230 - Planet gear; 240 - Gear ring; 1-First fixing mechanism; 11-Placement seat; 111-Limiting groove; 12-Pressure block; 13-First driving device; 14-First detection sensor; 2-Second fixed mechanism; 3-Linear drive mechanism; 4- Rotary drive mechanism; 41- Rotating rod; 42- Second drive device; 43- Spline head; 5-First detection sensor; 6-Second detection sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1-3 As shown, a planetary gear motor assembly device is used for the automated assembly of a planetary gear motor motor assembly 100 and a gearbox assembly 200. The planetary gear motor includes the motor assembly 100 and the gearbox assembly 200. The motor assembly 100 includes a motor end cover 110, on one side of which a motor body 120 is mounted. A through hole 111 is provided at the center of the motor end cover 110, through which the output shaft 121 of the motor body 120 passes and is fixedly connected to a sun gear 130. The gearbox assembly 200 includes a gearbox housing 210, inside which a planet carrier 220 is rotatably mounted. A plurality of planet gears 230 are evenly rotatably mounted on one side of the planet carrier 220 around its central axis. A gear ring 240 meshing with the planet gears 230 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the gearbox housing 210. When assembled, the motor end cover 110 is fixed to the gearbox housing 210, and the sun gear 130 extends into the gearbox housing 210 and meshes with each of the planet gears 230 simultaneously.

[0022] It should be noted that in actual planetary gear motor structures, the meshing precision required between the sun gear 130 and the planet gears 230 is high. If the sun gear 130 is directly pushed axially between the planet gears 230, the teeth of the sun gear 130 can easily collide with the teeth of the planet gears 230 due to the random circumferential position of the planet gears 230, resulting in failure to mesh smoothly and potentially causing damage to the teeth. Therefore, the assembly device provided in this application is designed to solve this technical problem.

[0023] The assembly device includes a first fixing mechanism 1, a second fixing mechanism 2, a linear drive mechanism 3, and a rotation drive mechanism 4. Each of these mechanisms is mounted on a base, which is also equipped with a linear guide rail. The second fixing mechanism 2 is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail via a slider, thereby ensuring that it can move smoothly and precisely under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 3.

[0024] The first fixing mechanism 1 is used to fix the motor assembly 100. In this embodiment, as... Figure 4-5As shown, the first fixing mechanism 1 includes a storage base 11, and a pressure block 12 is provided above the storage base 11. The pressure block 12 is connected to a first driving device 13 for driving its lifting and lowering. The first driving device 13 can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod.

[0025] To further improve the stability of the fixture, a limiting groove 111 is provided on the top of the holder 11. The shape of the limiting groove 111 matches the outer contour of the motor body 120 and is "V" shaped, which is used to radially limit the motor assembly 100 to prevent it from shifting or rotating during assembly.

[0026] Furthermore, a first detection sensor 5 is installed on the first fixing mechanism 1. The first detection sensor 5 is used to detect whether the motor assembly 100 is installed at a predetermined installation position on the first fixing mechanism 1. The first detection sensor 61 can be a pair of photoelectric sensors, including a transmitter and a receiver. When the motor assembly 100 is placed in position, it will block the light path, thereby triggering a positioning signal. Alternatively, the first detection sensor 61 can also be a proximity switch. When the metal casing of the motor body 120 approaches, the proximity switch outputs an electrical signal.

[0027] The second fixing mechanism 2 is used to fix the gearbox assembly 200. In this embodiment, the second fixing mechanism 2 has the same structure as the first fixing mechanism 1, and will not be described again here. Using the same structural design can reduce manufacturing costs and also facilitates standardized operating habits among operators.

[0028] A second detection sensor 6 is also installed on the second fixing mechanism 2. The second detection sensor 6 is used to detect whether the gearbox assembly 200 is installed in the predetermined installation position of the second fixing mechanism 2. The type and principle of the second detection sensor 6 are the same as those of the first detection sensor 5, and a photoelectric sensor or a proximity switch can be selected.

[0029] The linear drive mechanism 3 is connected to the second fixing mechanism 2 and is used to drive the second fixing mechanism 2 to move in a straight line toward or away from the first fixing mechanism 1, so as to drive the gearbox assembly 200 toward or away from the motor assembly 100. The linear drive mechanism 3 is one of a lead screw linear drive module or a belt linear drive module.

[0030] This embodiment preferably employs a lead screw linear drive module, which can achieve precise displacement control at the millimeter or even micrometer level, ensuring that the gearbox assembly 200 can slowly and smoothly approach the motor assembly 100, avoiding impact. In another feasible embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 3 can also be a belt linear drive module, which has a lower cost and is suitable for applications where positioning accuracy requirements are not particularly high.

[0031] The rotation drive mechanism 4 is connected to the planet carrier 220 and is used to drive the planet carrier 220 to rotate during the movement of the second fixed mechanism 2 toward the first fixed mechanism 1. The rotation of the planet carrier 220 drives each planet gear 230 to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier 220, thereby continuously adjusting the circumferential position of the planet gears 230, allowing the sun gear 130 to smoothly enter between and mesh with each planet gear 230.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 6-7 As shown, the rotation drive mechanism 4 includes a rotating rod 41. One end of the rotating rod 41 is connected to a second drive device 42 for driving its rotation, and the other end of the rotating rod 41 is provided with a spline head 43. The second drive device 42 is preferably a servo motor, but a stepper motor or a rotary cylinder can also be used. The end of the planetary carrier 220 away from the planetary gears 230 is provided with a spline groove 221 that matches the spline head 43. Before assembly begins, after the gearbox assembly 200 is fixed to the second fixing mechanism 2, the spline head 43 is inserted into the spline groove 221. During assembly, the second drive device 42 drives the rotating rod 41 to rotate according to a preset control strategy. The control strategy can be a continuous, slow unidirectional rotation, a small-angle oscillation alternating between forward and reverse rotation, or closed-loop control based on the relative positions of the sun gear 130 and the planetary gears 230. Since the sun gear 130 is stationary while the planet gears 230 are revolving, when the gap between the planet gears 230 rotates to a position aligned with the teeth of the sun gear 130, the teeth of the sun gear 130 can smoothly slide into the grooves between the planet gears 230, achieving interference-free meshing.

[0033] To improve the connection stability between the motor end cover 110 and the gearbox housing 210 and achieve circumferential positioning, the outer wall of the motor end cover 110 is provided with a first spline 112, and the inner wall of the gearbox housing 210 is provided with a second spline 211 that matches the first spline 112. When the gearbox assembly 200 moves to the preset assembly position, the first spline 112 and the second spline 211 mesh with each other, thereby circumferentially positioning and fixing the motor end cover 110 and the gearbox housing 210. Compared with a simple cylindrical surface fit, spline connection has better centering and can transmit a certain circumferential torque, preventing relative rotation during use.

[0034] The controller 7 is used to coordinate and control the actions of various mechanisms to achieve fully automated assembly. In this embodiment, the controller 7 is preferably a programmable logic controller. The first detection sensor 5 and the second detection sensor 6 are electrically connected to the controller 7, respectively, and transmit detection signals to the controller 7. The controller 7 is electrically connected to the first fixing mechanism 1, the second fixing mechanism 2, the linear drive mechanism 3, and the rotary drive mechanism 4, respectively, and sends control commands to each actuator.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment provides an assembly method for the planetary gear motor assembly device described in Embodiment 1. This method can efficiently and non-destructively complete the automated assembly of the planetary gear motor, and includes the following steps: S1. Fix the motor assembly 100 to the first fixing mechanism 1, so that the motor body 120 is fixed relative to the first fixing mechanism 1. In specific operation, place the motor assembly 100 into the limiting groove 111 of the storage seat 11, and make the motor end cover 110 face the direction of the second fixing mechanism 2. Then, start the first driving device 13 to drive the pressure block 12 to descend and press the motor assembly 100.

[0036] S2. Fix the gearbox assembly 200 to the second fixing mechanism 2, so that the gearbox housing 210 is relatively fixed to the second fixing mechanism 2. In specific operation, place the gearbox assembly 200 into the placement seat 21 of the second fixing mechanism 2, and at the same time, insert the spline head 43 of the rotating rod 41 into the spline groove 221 of the planetary carrier 220. Then, start the first driving device 23 to drive the pressure block 22 to descend and press the gearbox assembly 200.

[0037] S3. Activate the linear drive mechanism 3 to drive the second fixed mechanism 2 to move linearly towards the first fixed mechanism 1, and at the same time activate the rotation drive mechanism 4 to drive the planet carrier 220 to rotate, thereby causing each planetary gear 230 to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier 220.

[0038] S4. During the movement of the second fixing mechanism 2, the circumferential position of each planetary gear 230 is continuously adjusted by the rotation of the planetary carrier 220. Since the sun gear 130 is stationary while the planetary gears 230 revolve, the relative angle between them constantly changes. When the front end of the tooth of the sun gear 130 aligns with the tooth groove of the planetary gear 230, the sun gear 130 can smoothly slide in. Since the planetary gears 230 are usually three or four evenly distributed, as long as the planetary carrier 220 continues to rotate, there will always be a window of alignment. Therefore, even without a complex visual positioning system, this method can reliably complete the meshing.

[0039] S5. When the second fixing mechanism 2 moves to the assembly position, the sun gear 130 fully engages with each of the planetary gears 230, and simultaneously the motor end cover 110 is docked and fixed to the gearbox housing 210. At this time, the third detection sensor 63 sends a positioning signal, and the linear drive mechanism 3 stops moving. The operator or the automatic locking device fixes the motor end cover 110 to the gearbox housing 210 with screws or clips. If a spline fit is used, the first spline 112 and the second spline 211 have automatically engaged, achieving circumferential positioning.

[0040] The above methods and devices enable rapid, stable, and non-destructive assembly of planetary gear motors, significantly improving production efficiency and yield.

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planetary gear motor assembly apparatus, the planetary gear motor comprising: A motor assembly, the motor assembly including a motor end cover, a motor body mounted on one side of the motor end cover, a through hole provided in the center of the motor end cover, and an output shaft of the motor body passing through the through hole and fixedly connected to a sun gear; A gearbox assembly, comprising a gearbox housing, a planetary carrier rotatably mounted inside the gearbox housing, a plurality of planetary gears uniformly rotatably mounted on one side of the planetary carrier with its central axis as the center, and a gear ring that meshes with the planetary gears fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the gearbox housing. When the motor assembly and the gearbox assembly are assembled, the motor end cover and the gearbox housing are fixed together, and the sun gear extends into the gearbox housing and meshes with each of the planet gears simultaneously. Its features are: The assembly device includes: A first fixing mechanism is used to fix the motor assembly; The second fixing mechanism is used to fix the gearbox assembly; A linear drive mechanism is connected to the second fixed mechanism for driving the second fixed mechanism to move along a straight line toward or away from the first fixed mechanism, so as to drive the gearbox assembly toward or away from the motor assembly; A rotation drive mechanism is connected to the planet carrier for driving the planet carrier to rotate during the movement of the second fixed mechanism toward the first fixed mechanism, thereby causing each planet gear to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier, adjusting the circumferential position of the planet gears, so that the sun gear can smoothly enter between each planet gear and mesh with the planet gears; When the second fixing mechanism moves to the assembly position, the sun gear fully meshes with each of the planet gears, and the motor end cover is docked and fixed with the gearbox housing, thus completing the assembly of the planetary gear motor.

2. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing mechanism includes a storage seat, and a pressure block is provided above the storage seat. The pressure block is connected to a first driving device for driving its lifting and lowering.

3. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the storage seat is provided with a limiting groove.

4. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second fixing mechanism has the same structure as the first fixing mechanism.

5. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear drive mechanism is either a lead screw linear drive module or a belt linear drive module.

6. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation drive mechanism includes a rotating rod, one end of which is connected to a second drive device for driving its rotation, and the other end of which is provided with a spline head. The end of the planet carrier away from the planet gear is provided with a spline groove that matches the spline head.

7. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first detection sensor is installed on the first fixing mechanism, and the first detection sensor is used to detect whether the motor assembly is installed in the predetermined installation position of the first fixing mechanism; a second detection sensor is installed on the second fixing mechanism, and the second detection sensor is used to detect whether the gearbox assembly is installed in the predetermined installation position of the second fixing mechanism.

8. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the first and second detection sensors are photoelectric sensors.

9. The planetary gear motor assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the motor end cover is provided with a first spline, and the inner wall of the gearbox housing is provided with a second spline that matches the first spline. When the gearbox assembly is moved to the preset assembly position, the first spline and the second spline mesh with each other to circumferentially position and fix the motor end cover to the gearbox housing.

10. A method for assembling a planetary gear motor assembly device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fix the motor assembly to the first fixing mechanism, so that the motor body is fixed relative to the first fixing mechanism; S2. Fix the gearbox assembly to the second fixing mechanism, so that the gearbox housing is fixed relative to the second fixing mechanism; S3. Activate the linear drive mechanism to drive the second fixed mechanism to move linearly towards the first fixed mechanism, and at the same time activate the rotation drive mechanism to drive the planet carrier to rotate, thereby causing each planetary gear to revolve around the central axis of the planet carrier; S4. During the movement of the second fixing mechanism, the circumferential position of each planetary gear is adjusted by the rotation of the planetary carrier, so that the sun gear can smoothly enter between each planetary gear and mesh with the planetary gear; S5. When the second fixing mechanism moves to the assembly position, the sun gear is fully engaged with each of the planet gears, and at the same time, the motor end cover is docked and fixed with the gearbox housing, thus completing the assembly of the planet gear motor.

Images