A rotary head mechanism of a five-axis machining device

Abstract

The present application relates to five-axis linkage machining equipment technical field, especially five-axis linkage machining equipment's rotating swing head mechanism, including lathe processing platform, the lathe processing platform is installed with longitudinal axis workstation and horizontal axis workstation, the longitudinal axis workstation is vertically fixed on lathe processing platform, the horizontal axis workstation is slidably installed on lathe processing platform, and the lathe processing platform is also provided with the horizontal drive part of driving horizontal axis workstation horizontal movement, the horizontal axis workstation is fixedly installed with rotating seat platform, the present application designs the swivel head seat of adjustable rotation for the requirement of five-axis linkage machining, drives the angle adjustment of processing tool holder, cooperates double locking structure, both ensures the flexibility of angle adjustment, and improves the structural stability in the processing process, compared with the poor locking reliability of traditional swing head mechanism, the problem that the processing process is easy to shift, the positioning accuracy of swing angle of the present application is higher, and the processing error is smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of five-axis linkage machining equipment technology, and particularly to a rotary tilting head mechanism for a five-axis linkage machining equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis linkage machining can complete the multi-face and multi-angle machining of complex curved workpieces in one clamping. It is widely used in mold manufacturing and aerospace precision parts processing. The rotary head mechanism is the core functional component of five-axis linkage machining equipment to realize the adjustment of the head angle. Its performance directly determines the accuracy and efficiency of five-axis machining.

[0003] The existing rotary head mechanism of five-axis linkage machining equipment generally has the following shortcomings: On the one hand, the locking reliability after the tilting head angle is poor. Most of them rely solely on the self-locking performance of the drive mechanism to achieve positioning. During the machining process, the angle is prone to shift due to the alternating cutting force, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. Some tilting heads with additional locking structures require multiple power components to drive the rotary head locking and drive shaft locking respectively. This not only results in complex structure and high manufacturing cost, but also has problems such as poor synchronization of locking actions and unstable locking effect.

[0004] On the other hand, most existing oscillating heads are single-head designs, requiring machine stoppages to change tools for different processes. This not only reduces processing efficiency, but frequent tool changes also introduce additional positioning errors, further affecting processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention solves the problems in related technologies by proposing a rotary head mechanism for a five-axis linkage machining equipment, which solves the problem of poor locking reliability in existing five-axis linkage machining equipment.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a rotary head mechanism for a five-axis linkage machining equipment, comprising a machine tool machining table, on which a longitudinal axis worktable and a transverse axis worktable are mounted. The longitudinal axis worktable is vertically fixed on the machine tool machining table, and the transverse axis worktable is slidably mounted on the machine tool machining table. A transverse drive component for driving the transverse axis worktable to move horizontally is also provided on the machine tool machining table. A rotary base is fixedly mounted on the transverse axis worktable, and a rotary head seat is rotatably mounted on the rotary base. A drive assembly for driving the rotary head seat to rotate is provided at the lower end of the rotary base. A locking assembly for locking the rotary head seat is also installed on the rotary base. A double-head machining seat is fixedly mounted on the rotary head seat.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the longitudinal axis worktable is vertically fixed to the machine tool processing table, and the transverse axis worktable is slidably set. With the help of the rotary table and the rotatable rotary head seat, the double-head machining seat is rotated to adjust the angle, which meets the needs of multi-angle adjustment of the swivel head in five-axis linkage machining. The transverse drive component can easily adjust the horizontal position of the transverse axis worktable to adapt to the position requirements of different machining stations. The drive component realizes stable drive of the rotary head seat rotation, and the locking component can reliably lock the rotary head seat after it is adjusted to the position, so as to prevent the swivel head from moving during the machining process. The double-head machining seat can install different machining tools at the same time without frequent tool changes, thus improving machining efficiency. The overall structure layout is clear, the division of labor of each component is clear, and it takes into account both the flexibility of angle adjustment and the structural stability of the machining process.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the machine tool processing table includes a main frame and a horizontal platform base for mounting the horizontal axis worktable. The vertical axis worktable is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the main frame, and the horizontal platform base is mounted on one side of the main frame and is fixedly connected to the main frame.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the machine tool processing table is divided into a main table shell and a horizontal platform base. This provides stable installation support for the longitudinal axis worktable and a flat installation reference for the sliding adjustment of the transverse axis worktable. The split structure is easier to process, and the overall structure is strong after the split assembly, which reduces the processing cost of large-size machine tool processing tables. At the same time, it facilitates the subsequent maintenance and disassembly of the transverse axis worktable.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the horizontal axis worktable includes a base shell and a top shell for mounting a rotary table. The lower end of the base shell is provided with a guide seat that slides with a horizontal platform base. The guide seat is fixedly connected to the base shell. The horizontal driving component includes a drive motor and a drive screw. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the horizontal platform base. One end of the drive screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the other end of the drive screw is rotatably connected to the horizontal platform base. A threaded tube that is threadedly engaged with the drive screw is also fixed to the lower end face of the base shell.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the base shell, guide seat, and horizontal platform seat slide together to ensure the guiding accuracy of the horizontal movement of the horizontal axis worktable and avoid deviation during the movement. The transmission method of using a drive motor in conjunction with a drive screw and threaded tube has high transmission accuracy, can accurately control the movement distance of the horizontal axis worktable, has high positioning accuracy, simple and reliable structure, and low maintenance cost.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the rotary platform includes a main platform and a positioning ring seat. The positioning ring seat is coaxially disposed on the upper end face of the main platform and is integrally formed with the main platform. Several sets of guide vertical tubes are arranged along the circumferential direction on the main platform. The guide vertical tubes are fixedly connected to the main platform. An angle pointer plate is also fixedly installed on one side of the main platform.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the main platform and the positioning ring seat provide a coaxial positioning reference for the rotation of the rotating head seat, ensuring that the rotating head seat always rotates around the preset central axis during the rotation process without eccentric wobbling. The guide tube provides stable guidance for the movement of the locking component, avoiding the locking component from tilting during the locking process and causing locking failure. The angle pointer plate can intuitively display the current rotation angle of the rotating head seat in conjunction with the scale on the rotating head seat, which is convenient for operators to read intuitively when calibrating in advance or manually adjusting. The one-piece molded positioning ring seat and the main platform have higher structural strength, will not loosen the connection, and have stronger overall structural stability.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating head base includes a platform, an annular chassis, and a connecting bearing. The lower end face of the platform has a circular groove, and a central shaft is vertically fixed at the center of the circular groove. The annular chassis is fixedly installed in the circular groove, and a brake ring is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the annular chassis. The connecting bearing is fixedly installed in the annular chassis and is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning ring seat. An angle scale corresponding to the angle pointer plate is provided on the outer side of the annular chassis.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular chassis and connecting bearing are installed on the outside of the positioning ring seat, resulting in low rotational resistance and high rotational smoothness. The brake ring, together with the subsequent locking components, can achieve brake locking. The force at the connection position is uniform, and there will be no local stress concentration. The angle scale, together with the angle pointer plate, can intuitively display the rotation angle, and the angle adjustment has a high degree of visualization, which is convenient for calibration and adjustment. The central shaft connects to the drive component below, ensuring that the drive torque can be stably transmitted without power interruption.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the table is provided with a bottom support for mounting the double-headed processing seat, and several sets of strip-shaped limiting grooves are evenly opened on the upper surface of the table. The strip-shaped limiting grooves are provided with connecting bolts for locking the bottom support, and a slotted groove is opened on the central shaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom support provides an installation base for the double-headed machining base. The strip-shaped limiting groove, together with the connecting bolts, can flexibly adjust the installation position of the bottom support, adapting to the installation of double-headed machining bases of different specifications and sizes, thus having greater versatility. The slot is opened on the central shaft, which can easily achieve snap-fit ​​transmission with the upper drive shaft, simplifying processing, providing high transmission torque, and preventing slippage.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly includes a sealed housing, a long drive shaft, and an external drive assembly that drives the long drive shaft to rotate. The sealed housing is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the main platform. The long drive shaft is vertically installed in the sealed housing and is rotatably connected to the sealed housing. The upper and lower ends of the long drive shaft extend from the upper and lower ends of the sealed housing, respectively. A connecting pipe and a brake shaft are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the long drive shaft, respectively. A slotted plate that mates with a slotted slot is fixed in the connecting pipe. The external drive assembly is installed at the outer end of the sealed housing.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealed box provides sealing protection for the drive components, preventing chips and cutting fluid generated during processing from entering the drive components and causing corrosion and wear, thus extending the service life of the drive components. The drive shaft extends from both the upper and lower ends. The upper end is connected to the central shaft through a slotted plate and slot, while the lower end extends to house the brake shaft. This not only enables stable power transmission but also allows for brake locking in conjunction with the locking component below. By integrating the drive and brake onto the same drive shaft, the structure achieves high integration, reduces unnecessary transmission components, and minimizes transmission errors. The external drive component is located at the outer end of the sealed box, facilitating maintenance and repair, allowing for adjustment and maintenance of the drive components without disassembling the internal structure.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the sealed box includes an oil storage tank, a side cover, an oil supply bend, and a replenishment tank. The side cover is sealed to the side of the oil storage tank, the oil supply bend is sealed to one side of the side cover, and the replenishment tank is fixedly installed at the head of the oil supply bend. The external drive assembly includes a worm gear, a worm, and an external motor. The worm gear is sleeved and fixed in the middle of the drive shaft, the worm is rotatably installed in the oil storage tank, and the external motor is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the external motor, with the output end of the external motor fixed to one end of the worm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the oil storage tank can store lubricating oil to continuously lubricate the worm gear and worm, reducing wear during worm gear transmission, improving transmission efficiency, and extending service life. The oil supply bend, combined with the oil replenishment tank, allows for convenient replenishment of lubricating oil without disassembling the sealed box, greatly improving maintenance convenience. The worm gear transmission method offers a large transmission ratio and smooth transmission, enabling precise angle control. Furthermore, the worm gear mechanism itself has self-locking properties, which helps improve locking stability after rotation. The external motor provides stable power output, high control precision, and convenient external installation for wiring and maintenance.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the locking assembly includes a top locking frame, a bottom locking frame, a linkage slide, and a drive cylinder. The top locking frame includes a main frame and a brake rod corresponding to the brake ring. The brake rod is fixedly installed on the corner of the main frame and slidably installed in the guide tube. Support springs connected to the main platform are provided on both sides of the main frame, and a linkage rod is vertically fixed on the lower end of the main frame. An inclined slider is integrally formed at the lower end of the linkage rod. The bottom locking frame is configured in two sets, and the two sets of bottom locking frames are symmetrically arranged on the lower end of the oil tank. One end of the bottom locking frame is rotatably connected to the oil tank. The linkage slide is slidably installed on the oil tank to adjust the distance between the two sets of bottom locking frames. The drive cylinder is fixedly installed on the oil tank and is used to drive the linkage slide to move.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution and employing a double-locking structure, the top locks the rotating head seat through a brake rod and brake ring, while the bottom locks the drive shaft by clamping the brake shaft with a bottom locking bracket. This double locking further improves the reliability of the lock and prevents angular deviation of the head during processing. The support spring can lift the top locking bracket when unlocking, achieving automatic unlocking. The ingenious structural design eliminates the need for an additional reset component for the top locking bracket, reducing the number of components and lowering costs. The inclined slider combined with the linkage carriage structure allows for simultaneous locking of the top and bottom by a single drive cylinder, resulting in good synchronization, eliminating the need for multiple drive components, simplifying the control logic, and lowering the failure rate.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom locking frame includes a swing rod and a friction block for clamping the brake shaft. One end of the swing rod is rotatably mounted on the oil tank, and the friction block is fixedly mounted on the other end of the swing rod. An inner ear plate is also fixedly mounted on the inner side of the swing rod. The linkage slide includes a movable slide and a connecting arm. The movable slide is slidably mounted on the oil tank. The connecting arm is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the movable slide. One end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the movable slide, and the other end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the inner ear plate. An inclined support block that cooperates with the inclined slider is also fixed to the outer end of the movable slide.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the two sets of symmetrically arranged bottom locking frames can form a uniform clamping force on the brake shaft, avoiding deformation caused by unilateral clamping. The friction block directly contacts the brake shaft, resulting in high friction and reliable locking. The movement of the movable slide is achieved by the connecting arm driving the two swing rods to swing simultaneously, realizing clamping and releasing actions with stable transmission. The inclined support block, in conjunction with the inclined slider, can convert the horizontal movement of the linkage slide into the vertical movement of the top locking frame, ensuring smooth transmission without jamming. The friction block is preferably made of composite asbestos friction material, which has a stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, and will not reduce friction performance under high temperature environments, making it suitable for locking requirements during long-term processing.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Addressing the needs of five-axis simultaneous machining, this invention designs a rotatable adjustable headstock to drive the machining tool holder to adjust its angle. Combined with a double-locking structure, this ensures both flexibility in angle adjustment and improved structural stability during machining. Compared to traditional swivel head mechanisms, which suffer from poor locking reliability and susceptibility to movement during machining, this mechanism offers higher swivel head angle positioning accuracy and smaller machining errors. By employing a worm gear drive combined with servo motor control, the rotation angle control accuracy is high, and the transmission is smooth. Furthermore, the integrated upper and lower double-locking structure allows for synchronous upper and lower locking with only one drive component, resulting in high structural integration, fewer components, simpler control logic, lower equipment failure rate, and lower maintenance costs. The interoperability of various components adapts to the high precision requirements of five-axis machining. Simultaneously, the structural design is compatible with different specifications of machining tool holders, offering strong versatility and meeting the five-axis machining needs of various complex workpieces. This effectively improves machining efficiency, reduces tool change time, and is suitable for industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top perspective view of the horizontal axis worktable, rotary table, rotary head seat, locking assembly, double-head machining seat and drive assembly in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a lower perspective view of the horizontal axis worktable, rotary table, rotary head seat, locking assembly, double-head machining seat and drive assembly in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A front view of the device shown; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A bottom view of the device shown; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional assembly in which the rotary base, locking component, oil tank, drive shaft, and external drive component cooperate in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional assembly in which the rotary base, locking component, oil tank, drive shaft, and external drive component cooperate in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A front view of the device shown; Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Side view of the device shown; Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the side seal, oil supply bend, and oil replenishment tank in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the rotating head seat in an embodiment of the present invention from an upper viewpoint; Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the rotating head seat in an embodiment of the present invention from a lower angle; Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the dual-head machining base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool processing table; 10. Transverse drive component; 11. Main housing of the base; 12. Horizontal platform base; 2. Longitudinal axis worktable; 3. Transverse axis worktable; 31. Base housing; 32. Top housing; 4. Rotary base; 41. Main plate; 411. Guide vertical tube; 412. Angle pointer plate; 42. Positioning ring seat; 5. Rotary head seat; 51. Table plate; 510. Strip-shaped limit groove; 511. Central shaft; 52. Annular chassis; 521. Brake ring; 53. Connecting bearing; 54. Bottom support; 6. Locking assembly; 61. Top locking frame; 611. Main frame; 612. Brake vertical rod; 613. Support 614. Support spring; 615. Linkage vertical rod; 62. Inclined slider; 63. Bottom locking frame; 64. Swing rod; 65. Friction block; 66. Inner ear plate; 67. Linkage slide; 68. Movable slide; 69. Connecting arm; 60. Inclined support block; 61. Drive cylinder; 7. Double-headed machining seat; 81. Drive assembly; 82. Sealing box; 83. Oil tank; 84. Side cover; 85. Oil supply bend; 86. Oil replenishment tank; 87. Drive shaft; 88. Connecting pipe; 89. Brake shaft; 80. External drive assembly; 81. Worm gear; 82. Worm; 83. External motor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0033] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figure to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Example 1

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A rotary head mechanism for a five-axis linkage machining equipment includes a machine tool table 1, on which a longitudinal axis worktable 2 and a transverse axis worktable 3 are mounted. The longitudinal axis worktable 2 is vertically fixed on the machine tool table 1, and the transverse axis worktable 3 is slidably mounted on the machine tool table 1. The machine tool table 1 is also provided with a transverse drive component 10 for driving the transverse axis worktable 3 to move horizontally. A rotary base 4 is fixedly mounted on the transverse axis worktable 3, and a rotary head seat 5 is rotatably mounted on the rotary base 4. A drive assembly 8 for driving the rotary head seat 5 to rotate is provided at the lower end of the rotary base 4. A locking assembly 6 for locking the rotary head seat 5 is also mounted on the rotary base 4. A double-head machining seat 7 is fixedly mounted on the rotary head seat 5. By vertically fixing the longitudinal axis worktable 2 to the machine tool processing table 1 and sliding the transverse axis worktable 3, and cooperating with the rotary table 4 and the rotatable head seat 5 to drive the double-head machining seat 7 to rotate and adjust the angle, the multi-angle adjustment of the swivel head in five-axis linkage machining is met. The transverse drive component 10 can easily adjust the horizontal position of the transverse axis worktable 3 to adapt to the position requirements of different machining stations. The drive component 8 realizes the stable drive of the rotation of the head seat 5, and the locking component 6 can reliably lock the head seat 5 after it is adjusted to the position, so as to prevent the swivel head from moving during the machining process. The double-head machining seat 7 can install different machining tools at the same time without frequent tool changes, thus improving machining efficiency. The overall structure layout is clear, the division of labor of each component is clear, and it takes into account both the flexibility of angle adjustment and the structural stability of the machining process. The machine tool processing table 1 includes a main base shell 11 and a horizontal platform base 12 for mounting the horizontal axis worktable 3. The vertical axis worktable 2 is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the main base shell 11, and the horizontal platform base 12 is mounted on one side of the main base shell 11 and is fixedly connected to the main base shell 11. Disassembling the machine tool processing table 1 into the main base shell 11 and the horizontal platform base 12 can provide stable mounting support for the vertical axis worktable 2 and provide a flat mounting reference for the sliding adjustment of the horizontal axis worktable 3. The split structure is easier to process, and the overall structure is strong after assembly, which reduces the processing cost of the large-size machine tool processing table 1. At the same time, it facilitates the subsequent maintenance and disassembly of the horizontal axis worktable 3. The main base shell 11 and the horizontal platform base 12 are preferably made of HT200 gray cast iron and undergo secondary aging treatment to effectively eliminate internal stress, improve structural stability, and prevent deformation during long-term use.

[0036] Reference Figure 1The horizontal axis worktable 3 includes a base shell 31 and a top shell 32 for mounting the rotary table 4. The lower end of the base shell 31 is provided with a guide seat that slides with the platform seat 12. The guide seat is fixedly connected to the base shell 31. The horizontal drive component 10 includes a drive motor and a drive screw. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the platform seat 12. One end of the drive screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the other end of the drive screw is rotatably connected to the platform seat 12. The lower end face of the base shell 31 is also fixed with a threaded tube that is threadedly engaged with the drive screw. The base shell 31 slides in conjunction with the guide seat and the horizontal platform seat 12 to ensure the guiding accuracy of the horizontal movement of the horizontal axis worktable 3 and avoid skewing during movement. It adopts a transmission method of drive motor in conjunction with drive screw and threaded tube, which has high transmission accuracy and can accurately control the movement distance of the horizontal axis worktable 3. It has high positioning accuracy, simple and reliable structure, and low maintenance cost. The drive motor is preferably a Mitsubishi HG-KR series servo motor, and the drive screw is a German Bosch Rexroth ball screw. The transmission accuracy can reach 0.01mm, which meets the high precision requirements of five-axis machining.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 The rotary base 4 includes a main plate 41 and a positioning ring seat 42. The positioning ring seat 42 is coaxially arranged on the upper end face of the main plate 41 and is integrally formed with the main plate 41. Several sets of guide vertical tubes 411 are arranged on the main plate 41 along the circumferential direction. The guide vertical tubes 411 are fixedly connected to the main plate 41. An angle pointer plate 412 is also fixedly installed on one side of the main plate 41. The main platform 41, together with the positioning ring seat 42, provides a coaxial positioning reference for the rotation of the rotating head seat 5, ensuring that the rotating head seat 5 always rotates around the preset central axis 511 during the rotation process without eccentric wobbling. The guide vertical tube 411 provides stable guidance for the movement of the locking component 6, avoiding the locking component from tilting during the locking process and causing locking failure. The angle pointer plate 412 can intuitively display the current rotation angle of the rotating head seat 5 in conjunction with the scale on the rotating head seat 5, which is convenient for operators to read in advance for calibration or manual adjustment. The one-piece molded positioning ring seat 42 and main platform 41 have higher structural strength, will not loosen the connection, and have stronger overall structural stability. The main platform 41 and positioning ring seat 42 are preferably made of 40Cr alloy structural steel, and the surface is carburized and quenched, with a hardness of HRC55-60, excellent wear resistance, and longer service life. Example 2

[0038] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12The rotating head seat 5 includes a platform 51, an annular base 52, and a connecting bearing 53. A circular bottom groove is provided on the lower end face of the platform 51, and a central shaft 511 is vertically fixed at the center of the circular bottom groove. The annular base 52 is fixedly installed in the circular bottom groove, and a brake ring 521 is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the annular base 52. The connecting bearing 53 is fixedly installed in the annular base 52, and the connecting bearing 53 is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning ring seat 42. An angle scale corresponding to the angle pointer plate 412 is provided on the outer side of the annular base 52. The annular base 52, in conjunction with the connecting bearing 53, is mounted on the outside of the positioning ring seat 42. This design minimizes rotational resistance and ensures smooth rotation. The brake ring 521, in conjunction with the subsequent locking assembly 6, enables brake locking. The connection point experiences uniform force, preventing localized stress concentration. Angle scales, along with the angle pointer plate 412, provide a clear view of the rotation angle, offering high visibility for angle adjustment and facilitating calibration. The central shaft 511 connects to the lower drive assembly 8, ensuring stable transmission of drive torque without power interruption. The connecting bearing 53 is preferably a high-precision angular contact ball bearing from NSK Japan, with radial runout controlled within 0.002mm, meeting the rotational accuracy requirements of high-precision machining. The upper surface of the table 51 has a bottom support 54 for mounting the double-head machining seat 7. Several sets of strip-shaped limiting grooves 510 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the table 51, with connecting bolts for locking the bottom support 54 located within these grooves. A slotted groove is provided on the central shaft 511. The bottom support 54 provides an installation base for the double-headed machining base 7. The strip-shaped limiting groove 510, together with the connecting bolts, can flexibly adjust the installation position of the bottom support 54 to adapt to the installation of double-headed machining bases 7 of different specifications and sizes, making it more versatile. The slot is opened on the central shaft 511, which can easily achieve locking and transmission with the drive shaft 82 above.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10The drive assembly 8 includes a sealed box 81, a drive shaft 82, and an external drive assembly 83 that drives the drive shaft 82 to rotate. The sealed box 81 is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the main platform 41. The drive shaft 82 is vertically installed in the sealed box 81 and is rotatably connected to the sealed box 81. The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 82 extend from the upper and lower ends of the sealed box 81, respectively. A connecting pipe 821 and a brake shaft 822 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 82, respectively. A slotted plate that mates with a slotted slot is fixed in the connecting pipe 821. The external drive assembly 83 is installed at the outer end of the sealed box 81. The sealing box 81 provides sealing protection for the drive components, preventing chips and cutting fluid generated during processing from entering the drive components and causing corrosion and wear, thus extending the service life of the drive components. The drive shaft 82 extends from both the upper and lower ends. The upper end is connected to the central shaft 511 through a slotted plate and slotted groove, while the lower end extends to house the brake shaft 822. This not only ensures stable power transmission but also allows for brake locking in conjunction with the locking component 6 below. Integrating the drive and brake onto the same drive shaft 82 results in high structural integration, reduces unnecessary transmission components, and minimizes transmission errors. The external drive component 83 is located at the outer end of the sealing box 81, facilitating maintenance and repair, allowing for adjustment and maintenance of the drive components without disassembling the internal structure. The sealing box 81 includes an oil tank 811, a side cover 812, an oil supply bend 813, and a replenishment tank 814. The side cover 812 is sealed to the side of the oil tank 811, the oil supply bend 813 is sealed to one side of the side cover 812, and the replenishment tank 814 is fixedly installed at the head of the oil supply bend 813.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 9The external drive assembly 83 includes a worm gear 831, a worm 832, and an external motor 833. The worm gear 831 is sleeved and fixed in the middle of the drive shaft 82. The worm 832 is rotatably installed in the oil tank 811. The external motor 833 is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the external motor 833, and the output end of the external motor 833 is fixed to one end of the worm 832. The oil tank 811 stores lubricating oil to continuously lubricate the worm gear 831 and worm 832, reducing wear during transmission, improving transmission efficiency, and extending service life. The oil supply bend 813, in conjunction with the oil replenishment tank 814, allows for convenient lubrication without disassembling the sealed box 81, significantly improving maintenance convenience. The worm gear 831 and worm 832 transmission method offers a large transmission ratio, smooth transmission, and precise angle control. Furthermore, the worm gear 831 and worm 832 mechanism has self-locking properties, further enhancing locking stability after rotation. The external motor 833 provides stable power output and high control precision. Its external installation facilitates wiring and maintenance. The worm gear 831 and worm 832 are preferably made of high-strength bronze and 20CrMnTi hardened steel, achieving a transmission accuracy level meeting GB / T standards. For the 6th level of precision specified in 10089, the external motor 833 preferably uses a Panasonic MSMF series low inertia servo motor, with an angle control accuracy of 0.01°, which meets the requirements for high-precision head adjustment. Example 3

[0041] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The locking assembly 6 includes a top locking frame 61, a bottom locking frame 62, a linkage slide 63, and a drive cylinder 64. The top locking frame 61 includes a main frame 611 and a brake vertical rod 612 corresponding to the brake ring 521. The brake vertical rod 612 is fixedly installed on the corner of the main frame 611 and slidably installed in the guide vertical tube 411. Support springs 613 connected to the main platform 41 are provided on both sides of the main frame 611, and a linkage vertical rod is vertically fixed on the lower end face of the main frame 611. The rod 614 is integrally formed with a sloping slider 615 at the lower end of the linkage vertical rod 614. The bottom locking frame 62 is set in two sets, and the two sets of bottom locking frames 62 are symmetrically arranged on the lower end face of the oil tank 811. One end of the bottom locking frame 62 is rotatably connected to the oil tank 811. The linkage slide 63 is slidably installed on the oil tank 811 and is used to adjust the distance between the two sets of bottom locking frames 62. The drive cylinder 64 is fixedly installed on the oil tank 811 and is used to drive the linkage slide 63 to move. The device employs a double-locking structure. The top locks the rotating head seat 5 via a brake rod 612 and brake ring 521, while the bottom locks the drive shaft 82 via a bottom locking bracket 62 clamping the brake shaft 822. This double locking further enhances the reliability of the lock and prevents angular deviation of the head during machining. The support spring 613 can lift the top locking bracket 61 during unlocking, achieving automatic unlocking. The ingenious structural design eliminates the need for an additional reset component for the top locking bracket 61, reducing the number of components and lowering costs. The inclined slider 615, in conjunction with the linkage slide 63, allows for simultaneous locking of both the top and bottom via a single drive cylinder 64. This ensures good synchronization, eliminates the need for multiple drive components, simplifies control logic, and reduces the failure rate. The drive cylinder 64 is preferably a miniature linear electric cylinder from HIWIN Technologies Inc. in Taiwan, achieving a repeatability accuracy of 0.02mm and providing sufficient output thrust to meet the locking requirements. The bottom locking frame 62 includes a swing rod 621 and a friction block 622 that clamps the brake shaft 822. One end of the swing rod 621 is rotatably mounted on the oil tank 811, and the friction block 622 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the swing rod 621. An inner ear plate 623 is also fixedly mounted on the inner side of the swing rod 621.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5The linkage slide 63 includes a movable slide 631 and a connecting arm 632. The movable slide 631 is slidably mounted on the oil tank 811. The connecting arm 632 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the movable slide 631. One end of the connecting arm 632 is rotatably connected to the movable slide 631, and the other end of the connecting arm 632 is rotatably connected to the inner ear plate 623. The outer end of the movable slide 631 is also fixed with an inclined support block 633 that cooperates with the inclined slider 615. The two sets of symmetrically arranged bottom locking frames 62 can form a uniform clamping force on the brake shaft 822, avoiding deformation caused by uneven force on the brake shaft 822 due to unilateral clamping. The friction block 622 directly contacts the brake shaft 822, with high friction and reliable locking. The movement of the movable slide is driven by the connecting arm 632 to drive the two swing rods 621 to swing simultaneously, realizing the clamping and releasing action. The transmission is stable. The inclined support block 633, in conjunction with the inclined slider 615, can convert the horizontal movement of the linkage slide 63 into the vertical movement of the top locking frame 61. The transmission is smooth and there will be no jamming. The friction block 622 is preferably made of composite asbestos friction material, which has a stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, and will not reduce friction performance under high temperature environment, making it suitable for locking requirements in long-term processing.

[0043] Working principle: The working process of the rotary head mechanism of this five-axis linkage machining equipment is as follows: Workstation position adjustment: First, adjust the position of the horizontal axis worktable 3 according to the size requirements of the workpiece. The drive motor of the horizontal drive component 10 starts, driving the drive screw to rotate. The drive screw drives the horizontal axis worktable 3 to slide horizontally along the horizontal platform seat 12 through the threaded engagement with the threaded tube. After moving to the set position, the drive motor stops, completing the adjustment of the workstation position.

[0044] Unlocking Operation: When the swivel head processing angle needs to be adjusted, the locking component 6 first performs the unlocking action: the drive cylinder 64 drives the linkage slide 63 to move outward. After the top locking frame 61 loses the downward pressing force, the support spring 613 elastically resets and pushes the top locking frame 61 to move upward along the guide vertical tube 411. The brake vertical rod 612 of the top locking frame 61 disengages from the brake ring 521 of the swivel head seat 5, releasing the top lock on the swivel head seat 5. At the same time, when the linkage slide 63 moves outward, the two swing rods 621 are pulled outward through the connecting arm 632. The friction block 622 of the bottom locking frame 62 releases the brake shaft 822 at the lower end of the drive long shaft 82, releasing the bottom lock on the drive long shaft 82. The overall unlocking is completed, and the swivel head seat 5 can rotate freely.

[0045] Angle Adjustment: After unlocking, the drive assembly 8 starts adjusting the swivel angle: the external motor 833 of the external drive assembly 83 starts, driving the worm gear 832 to rotate. The worm gear 832 drives the meshing worm wheel 831 to rotate. The worm wheel 831 drives the drive shaft 82 to rotate synchronously. The slotted plate at the upper end of the drive shaft 82 engages with the slotted plate of the central shaft 511, driving the entire swivel head seat 5 to rotate coaxially along the positioning ring seat 42. During the rotation, the operator can visually observe the current rotation angle through the angle pointer plate 412 and the angle scale on the outside of the annular chassis 52. After receiving the positioning signal from the CNC system, the external motor 833 stops rotating, completing the angle adjustment.

[0046] Locking process: After the angle is adjusted to the correct position, the locking component 6 performs the locking action: the drive cylinder 64 drives the linkage slide 63 to move inward, the inclined support block 633 of the linkage slide 63 presses the inclined slider 615, pushing the top locking frame 61 to move downward against the elastic force of the support spring 613, and the brake vertical rod 612 of the top locking frame 61 pushes the brake ring 521 upward to lock the top of the rotating head seat 5; at the same time, during the inward movement of the linkage slide 63, the two swing rods 621 are pushed to rotate inward through the connecting arm 632, and the two friction blocks 622 clamp the brake shaft 822 simultaneously to lock the bottom of the drive shaft 82. After the double locking is completed, the equipment can start processing.

[0047] Process switching and maintenance: The double-headed machining base 7 of this mechanism can simultaneously install two different machining tools. When it is necessary to switch machining processes, it is only necessary to readjust the tilting head angle to switch machining tools without stopping the machine to disassemble and replace tools, which effectively improves machining efficiency. The lubricating oil stored in the oil tank 811 of the sealed box 81 can continuously lubricate the worm gear 831 and worm 832 transmission mechanism. When it is necessary to replenish the lubricating oil, it can be directly replenished into the oil tank 811 through the oil replenishment tank 814 and the oil supply bend 813 without disassembling the sealed box 81, making maintenance very convenient.

[0048] In this embodiment, both the main housing 11 and the platform base 12 are made of HT200 gray cast iron, and undergo secondary aging treatment after machining, resulting in an annual structural deformation of less than 0.01 mm. The drive motor for the transverse drive component 10 is a Mitsubishi HG-KR43BJ servo motor, and the drive screw is a Rexroth R15 series ball screw, achieving a transmission accuracy of 0.01 mm / 300 mm. The main platform 41 and the positioning ring seat 42 are made of 40Cr alloy, with a hardness of HRC58 after surface carburizing and quenching. The connecting bearing 53 is an NSK 7206AC high-precision angular contact ball bearing, with a radial runout ≤0.002 mm. The slot on the central shaft 511 has a tolerance of IT6, and the clearance is controlled within 0.03 mm. The worm gear 831 is made of tin bronze, and the worm 832 is made of 20CrMnTi hardened steel, with a transmission accuracy of grade 6. The external motor is a Panasonic MSMF042L1U2M servo motor, with an angle control accuracy of 0.01°. The drive cylinder 64 is a HIWIN KKR series electric cylinder with a repeatability of 0.02mm. The friction block 622 uses composite asbestos friction material with a friction coefficient of 0.45 and a wear life of no less than 100,000 locking cycles.

[0049] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary tilting head mechanism for a five-axis linkage machining equipment, comprising a machine tool processing table (1), characterized in that: The machine tool processing table (1) is equipped with a longitudinal axis worktable (2) and a transverse axis worktable (3). The longitudinal axis worktable (2) is vertically fixed on the machine tool processing table (1). The transverse axis worktable (3) is slidably installed on the machine tool processing table (1). The machine tool processing table (1) is also provided with a transverse drive component (10) for driving the transverse axis worktable (3) to move horizontally. A rotary table (4) is fixedly installed on the transverse axis worktable (3). A rotating head seat (5) is rotatably installed on the rotary table (4). A drive assembly (8) for driving the rotating head seat (5) to rotate is provided at the lower end of the rotary table (4). A locking assembly (6) for locking the rotating head seat (5) is also installed on the rotary table (4). A double-head processing seat (7) is fixedly installed on the rotating head seat (5).

2. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool processing table (1) includes a main shell (11) and a horizontal platform base (12) for mounting the horizontal axis worktable (3). The vertical axis worktable (2) is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the main shell (11). The horizontal platform base (12) is installed on one side of the main shell (11) and is fixedly connected to the main shell (11).

3. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal axis worktable (3) includes a base shell (31) and a top shell (32) for mounting the rotary table (4). The lower end of the base shell (31) is provided with a guide seat that slides with the platform seat (12). The guide seat is fixedly connected to the base shell (31). The horizontal drive component (10) includes a drive motor and a drive screw. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the platform seat (12). One end of the drive screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The other end of the drive screw is rotatably connected to the platform seat (12). The lower end face of the base shell (31) is also fixed with a threaded tube that is threadedly engaged with the drive screw.

4. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary platform (4) includes a main platform (41) and a positioning ring seat (42). The positioning ring seat (42) is coaxially arranged on the upper end face of the main platform (41) and is integrally formed with the main platform (41). Several sets of guide vertical tubes (411) are arranged on the main platform (41) along the circumferential direction. The guide vertical tubes (411) are fixedly connected to the main platform (41). An angle pointer plate (412) is also fixedly installed on one side of the main platform (41).

5. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating head seat (5) includes a platform (51), an annular base (52) and a connecting bearing (53). The lower end face of the platform (51) is provided with a circular bottom groove. A central shaft (511) is vertically fixed at the center of the circular bottom groove. The annular base (52) is fixedly installed in the circular bottom groove, and a brake ring (521) is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the annular base (52). The connecting bearing (53) is fixedly installed in the annular base (52), and the connecting bearing (53) is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning ring seat (42). An angle scale corresponding to the angle pointer plate (412) is provided on the outer side of the annular base (52).

6. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end face of the table (51) is provided with a bottom support (54) for mounting the double-headed processing seat (7), and the upper end face of the table (51) is evenly provided with several sets of strip-shaped limiting grooves (510). The strip-shaped limiting grooves (510) are provided with connecting bolts for locking the bottom support (54), and a slot is provided on the central shaft (511).

7. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive assembly (8) includes a sealed box (81), a drive shaft (82), and an external drive assembly (83) that drives the drive shaft (82) to rotate. The sealed box (81) is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the main platform (41). The drive shaft (82) is vertically installed in the sealed box (81) and is rotatably connected to the sealed box (81). The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft (82) extend from the upper and lower ends of the sealed box (81), and the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft (82) are respectively fixedly installed with a connecting pipe (821) and a brake shaft (822). A slotted plate that mates with a slotted plate is fixed in the connecting pipe (821). The external drive assembly (83) is installed on the outer end of the sealed box (81).

8. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealed box (81) includes an oil tank (811), a side cover (812), an oil supply bend (813), and a replenishment tank (814). The side cover (812) is sealed to the side of the oil tank (811), the oil supply bend (813) is sealed to one side of the side cover (812), and the replenishment tank (814) is fixedly installed at the head of the oil supply bend (813). The external drive assembly (83) includes a worm gear (831), a worm (832), and an external motor (833). The worm gear (831) is sleeved and fixed in the middle of the drive shaft (82). The worm (832) is rotatably installed in the oil tank (811). The external motor (833) is fixedly installed on the outer end face of the external motor (833), and the output end of the external motor (833) is fixed to one end of the worm (832).

9. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking assembly (6) includes a top locking frame (61), a bottom locking frame (62), a linkage slide (63), and a drive cylinder (64). The top locking frame (61) includes a main frame (611) and a brake rod (612) corresponding to the brake ring (521). The brake rod (612) is fixedly installed on the corner of the main frame (611) and slidably installed in the guide tube (411). Support springs (613) connected to the main platform (41) are provided on both sides of the main frame (611), and the lower end face of the main frame (611) is vertically fixed with The linkage vertical rod (614) is integrally formed with a sloping slider (615) at its lower end. The bottom locking frame (62) is set in two sets, and the two sets of bottom locking frames (62) are symmetrically arranged on the lower end face of the oil tank (811). One end of the bottom locking frame (62) is rotatably connected to the oil tank (811). The linkage slide (63) is slidably installed on the oil tank (811) to adjust the distance between the two sets of bottom locking frames (62). The drive electric cylinder (64) is fixedly installed on the oil tank (811) and is used to drive the linkage slide (63) to move.

10. The rotary tilting head mechanism of a five-axis linkage machining equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom locking bracket (62) includes a swing rod (621) and a friction block (622) for clamping the brake shaft (822). One end of the swing rod (621) is rotatably mounted on the oil tank (811), and the friction block (622) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the swing rod (621). An inner ear plate (623) is also fixedly mounted on the inner side of the swing rod (621). The linkage slide (63) includes a movable slide (631) and a connecting arm ( 632), the movable slide (631) is slidably mounted on the oil tank (811), the connecting arm (632) is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the movable slide (631), one end of the connecting arm (632) is rotatably connected to the movable slide (631), and the other end of the connecting arm (632) is rotatably connected to the inner ear plate (623). The outer end of the movable slide (631) is also fixed with an inclined support block (633) that cooperates with the inclined slider (615).

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