Combined die for producing single-axis symmetric metal profiles

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined die for producing a uniaxial symmetrical metal section bar, which comprises an extrusion die, a die support, an extrusion needle and a die holder, the extrusion die comprises a first hole cavity, a first balance hole and a first positioning hole, and the die support comprises a second hole cavity, a second balance hole and a second positioning hole. The extrusion die and the extrusion needle form a pipe cavity, the extrusion die, the extrusion needle and the pipe cavity are coaxial, and a positioning groove for placing the extrusion die and the die support is formed in the die holder. According to the utility model, the problem of unbalanced metal flow when a hot extrusion process is used for producing uniaxial symmetric metal sections is solved, serious bending and uneven wall thickness of a product are avoided, the dimensional accuracy and the performance stability of the product are improved, the die is convenient to replace, a round bar extruded by the balance hole can be used for other purposes, and the production cost is reduced. The utility model is suitable for the production of single-axis symmetric metal profiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of metal profile processing, and relates to an extrusion die for producing special-shaped metal profiles, in particular to a combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped metal profiles are widely used in industry, construction, decoration and other fields because of their advantages in adapting to various complex structural designs, saving materials and giving required related properties.

[0003] At present, the conventional processes for processing special-shaped metal profiles are: machining, welding and hot extrusion. Among them, the machining process has a large loss of metal materials, a low yield rate and serious waste; the welding process is prone to welding quality defects such as pores, slag inclusions, incomplete penetration, lack of fusion and cracks, and the structure of the weld and heat-affected zone after welding is inconsistent with the matrix structure, resulting in unstable product performance and easy to produce quality defects.

[0004] The hot extrusion process is currently the most suitable production process for special-shaped metal profiles. However, for uniaxially symmetrical special-shaped metal profiles, the metal flow is inconsistent on the asymmetric sides during the hot extrusion process, resulting in unbalanced metal flow. This can easily lead to serious bending of the metal profile and uneven wall thickness, affecting continuous production. In addition, the product dimensional accuracy is poor and quality consistency is difficult to guarantee. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles, aiming to solve the problems of severe product bending and uneven wall thickness caused by unbalanced metal flow in a hot extrusion process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles, comprising a die base, an extrusion needle, an extrusion die and a die support assembled in the die base, the extrusion die is provided with a first cavity, the die support is provided with a second cavity corresponding to the first cavity, the extrusion needle is inserted into the first cavity and the second cavity, and the extrusion needle and the first cavity constitute an extrusion cavity; the extrusion die is provided with a first balancing hole for balancing the flow of the blank in an area outside the first cavity; the die support is provided with a second balancing hole corresponding to the first balancing hole

[0007] As a limitation of the present invention, the first balancing hole is circular and generally there are multiple of them. The total area of ​​the first balancing holes is equal to the cavity area required for balancing. The second balancing hole is an arc-shaped cavity channel, and the area matches the size of the first balancing hole.

[0008] As a further limitation of the present invention, the first cavity starts from the feed end and includes an inlet transition zone, a sizing zone and an outlet reverse cone zone in sequence.

[0009] As a further limitation of the present invention, the inlet transition zone is an arc surface, wherein the arc radius at the corner is greater than the arc radius at the smooth inlet, and the outlet anti-cone zone is a chamfered structure.

[0010] As a further limitation of the present invention, the contour shape of the second cavity is consistent with the contour shape of the first cavity sizing zone, and the contour size of the second cavity is larger than the contour size at the first cavity sizing zone.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0012] (1) The utility model provides a first balancing hole in the extrusion die. During the hot extrusion process, a portion of the metal material will pass through the first balancing hole, thereby eliminating the imbalance in metal flow originally caused by the asymmetry of the metal profile, and effectively avoiding the problems of severe bending and uneven wall thickness of the workpiece caused by the conventional die structure.

[0013] (2) The first balancing hole of the utility model is set to be circular, so that the circular metal bar formed by the first balancing hole has a regular shape and can be reused, thus avoiding material waste.

[0014] (3) The first cavity of the utility model is provided with an entrance transition zone. During the hot extrusion production process, since the entrance transition zone has a certain curvature, the metal material can enter the sizing belt more smoothly to avoid the generation of shear stress.

[0015] (4) The discharge end of the extrusion die of the utility model is provided with an outlet anti-conical area, the outlet anti-conical area is provided with a chamfer, and the contour size of the second cavity is larger than the contour size of the first cavity at the sizing area, thereby reducing the friction force of the metal profile when it is ejected from the die after sizing is completed, making ejection more convenient. At the same time, the second cavity can provide support for the metal profile.

[0016] In summary, the utility model solves the problem of unbalanced metal flow when using the hot extrusion process to produce uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles, avoids severe bending and uneven wall thickness of the product, improves the dimensional accuracy and performance stability of the product, and the round bars extruded from the balance hole can be used for other purposes, reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a uniaxially symmetrical profile produced in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 A longitudinal section diagram showing the positional relationship between the extrusion die and the extrusion needle;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion die;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a longitudinal section diagram of the structural relationship of the extrusion die;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the structural relationship front view of the extrusion die;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mold support.

[0025] In the figure: 1, extrusion die; 2, die support; 3, extrusion needle; 4, die base; 5, extrusion cavity; R1, arc radius at the corner of the inlet transition zone; R2, arc radius at the smooth inlet of the inlet transition zone; AA, parting surface;

[0026] 11. inlet transition zone; 12. sizing zone; 13. outlet anti-cone zone; 14. first balancing hole; 15. first positioning hole; 16. first cavity;

[0027] 21. Second positioning hole; 22. Second cavity; 23. Second balancing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] This embodiment is a combined mold for producing Figure 1 The uniaxially symmetrical metal profile shown. Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment includes an extrusion die 1, a die support 2, an extrusion needle 3 and a die base 4. The die base 4 is provided with a positioning groove along its axis, the shape and size of which match the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2. The extrusion die 1 and the die support 2 are sequentially placed in the positioning groove to achieve assembly in the die base 4; the extrusion needle 3 is inserted at the center of the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the gap between the extrusion needle 3 and the extrusion die 1 forms an extrusion cavity 5. In this embodiment, the extrusion die 1, the extrusion needle 3 and the formed extrusion cavity 5 are coaxial.

[0030] The extrusion die 1 is a truncated cone structure. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the side surface is an inclined surface with an angle α=23.5°. Figure 4 or Figure 6As shown, the extrusion die 1 is provided with a first cavity 16, a first balancing hole 14 and a first positioning hole 15. The first cavity 16 is provided through the center of the extrusion die 1, and its outline is composed of a circular part and a rectangular part, which is the same as the outline of the uniaxially symmetrical metal profile to be produced. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the first cavity 16 starts from the feed end and includes three parts, namely, the inlet transition zone 11, the sizing zone 12 and the outlet anti-cone zone 13. During the hot extrusion process, the metal blank enters the first cavity 16 from the inlet transition zone 11, is shaped in the sizing zone 12, and then is discharged from the outlet anti-cone zone 13. The inlet transition zone 11 is an arc surface, and a variable radius method is adopted, that is, the arc radius R1 at the corner of the inlet transition zone where the metal flow resistance is larger is larger, which is 13mm in this embodiment; the arc radius R2 at the smooth entrance of the inlet transition zone where the metal flow resistance is smaller is smaller, which is 8mm in this embodiment. The sizing zone 12 is a plane with a length of 16mm; the outlet anti-cone zone 13 is a chamfered surface with a chamfer size of 15°×9mm.

[0031] The extrusion die 1 and the first cavity 16 are as follows Figure 3 The parting surface AA shown in is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts. The proportion of the first cavity 16 in the upper part is greater than that in the lower part. The cavity area of ​​the upper part that is more than that of the lower part is the cavity area that needs to be balanced. The first balancing holes 14 are opened in the lower part of the extrusion die 1. The number and area are set according to the cavity area that needs to be balanced. The position of the first balancing holes 14 is set relative to the rectangular part of the first cavity 16. In this embodiment, there are 5 first balancing holes 14, each with a diameter of 30 mm, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cavity 16 in the upper part is equal to or close to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first cavity 16 + the first balancing hole 14 in the lower part.

[0032] The first positioning hole 15 is a blind hole. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, two first positioning holes 15 are provided, which are symmetrically opened on both sides of the extrusion die 1 and located on the assembly surface of the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first positioning hole 15 is 12 mm.

[0033] The die support 2 is a cylindrical body with a chamfered corner at one end, and the outer contour of the die support 2 is the same as that of the extrusion die 1. Figure 7As shown, the die support 2 is provided with a second cavity 22, a second balancing hole 23 and a second positioning hole 21. The second cavity 22 is arranged through the center of the die support 2. The contour of the second cavity 22 matches the contour of the sizing area 12 of the first cavity 16, and the contour size is 20 mm larger than the contour size of the sizing area 12 of the first cavity 16. The second balancing hole 23 is an arc-shaped cavity channel for passing the metal rod extruded by the first balancing hole 14. When the extrusion die 1 is matched with the die support 2, the position of the second balancing hole 23 corresponds to the first balancing hole 14. The area of ​​the second balancing hole 23 is set according to the first balancing hole 14, and the boundary size of the second balancing hole 23 must ensure that the extruded metal rod passes smoothly. There are two second positioning holes 21, which are arranged on both sides of the die support 2. When the extrusion die 1 is matched with the die support 2, the position and size match the first positioning hole 15.

[0034] Positioning pins are arranged in the first positioning hole 15 and the second positioning hole 21 , so as to realize the positioning connection between the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2 .

[0035] During actual production, firstly, the first positioning hole 15 and the second positioning hole 21 in the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2 are placed in corresponding positions, and it is ensured that the sizing area 12 of the first cavity 16 corresponds to the position of the second cavity 22, and the positioning pins are inserted into the first positioning hole 15 and the second positioning hole 21 to complete the connection between the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2; then the extrusion die 1 and the die support 2 are placed in the positioning groove of the die base 4, and then the assembled die base 4 and the extrusion needle 3 are fixed on the corresponding base of the extruder, and the position is adjusted so that the centers of the cross sections of the extrusion die 1, the die support 2, the extrusion needle 3 and the die base 4 are located at the same point. After the adjustment is completed and other inspections required before production are carried out, the machine is started for production.

[0036] Since the product is a uniaxially symmetrical profile, the areas of the upper and lower parts of the tube cavity 5 on the parting surface are inconsistent, resulting in inconsistent pressures on the upper and lower parts during extrusion production, which in turn causes the phenomenon of unstable metal flow. In this embodiment, a first balancing hole 14 is provided on the extrusion die 1 to make the cavity areas of the upper and lower parts along the parting surface consistent, thereby promoting the stability of metal flow.

[0037] After the production is completed, the produced uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles are cut into required lengths and packaged, and the round metal bars produced through the first balancing hole 14 are collected for other uses.

[0038] It should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A combined die for producing a uniaxially symmetrical metal profile, comprising a die base, an extrusion needle, an extrusion die and a die support assembled in the die base, the extrusion die is provided with a first cavity, the die support is provided with a second cavity corresponding to the first cavity, the extrusion needle is inserted into the first cavity and the second cavity, and the extrusion needle and the first cavity constitute an extrusion cavity; characterized in that: A first balancing hole for balancing the flow of the blank is provided on the extrusion die in the area outside the first cavity; and a second balancing hole corresponding to the first balancing hole is provided on the die support.

2. A combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first balancing hole is circular, and a plurality of the first balancing holes are provided. The total area of ​​the first balancing holes is equal to the cavity area required to be balanced.

3. A combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second balancing hole is an arc-shaped cavity channel, and the area thereof matches the size of the first balancing hole.

4. A combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first cavity starts from the feed end and includes an inlet transition zone, a sizing zone and an outlet anti-cone zone in sequence.

5. The combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The entrance transition zone is an arc surface, wherein the arc radius at the corner is larger than the arc radius at the smooth entrance.

6. The combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outlet anti-cone area is a chamfered structure.

7. A combined die for producing uniaxially symmetrical metal profiles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second hole cavity contour shape is consistent with the contour shape of the first hole cavity sizing area, and the second hole cavity contour size is larger than the contour size at the first hole cavity sizing area.

Images