Cleaning device and harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cleaning device and a harvester, the cleaning device comprises a screen box, the rear end of the screen box is provided with a horizontal discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a cleaning loss detection mechanism, the cleaning loss detection mechanism is horizontally arranged at the discharge port, and the discharge port is provided with a discharge port. The length direction of the cleaning loss detection mechanism extends in the direction perpendicular to the material discharging direction, and the two ends of the cleaning loss detection mechanism are detachably connected to the screen box. The detection efficiency can be improved, and the grain loss rate can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain cleaning equipment, in particular to a cleaning device and a harvester. Background Art

[0002] In the process of harvesting and cleaning grains, grains and straw are simultaneously screened at multiple levels in the screen box to separate grains and straw. During the screening process, there will always be a small amount of grains mixed in the debris and discharged from the tail of the cleaning screen, causing cleaning losses; therefore, in the prior art, a cleaning loss detection device is set at the tail of the screen box to detect the loss rate. However, the current cleaning loss detection structure is mostly a cleaning detection component with a plate structure distributed at intervals at the tail of the screen box. The adjacent cleaning detection components are blocked by baffles to block the discharge of materials, so that the mixed materials are discharged from the cleaning detection component to achieve detection. This detection method is mostly a small-scale local collection and detection, with a limited detection range and low efficiency. Moreover, this type of structure is affected by wind direction, which is prone to data fluctuations. At the same time, crowded materials may be directly discharged and cause losses. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a cleaning device and a harvester, which can improve the detection efficiency and reduce the grain loss rate.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, the utility model provides a cleaning device, including a screen box, a horizontal discharge port is opened at the rear end of the screen box, a cleaning loss detection mechanism is arranged at the discharge port, the cleaning loss detection mechanism is horizontally placed at the discharge port, the length direction of the cleaning loss detection mechanism extends along the vertical material discharge direction, and the two ends are detachably connected to the screen box.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the cleaning loss detection mechanism is placed horizontally at the discharge port, the cleaning loss detection structure covers the entire discharge port of the screen box, and can collect the lost grains discharged from the screen box in the entire area, thereby expanding the detection range, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the grain loss rate; at the same time, the cleaning loss detection mechanism itself replaces the baffle in the prior art to form a blocking effect, relatively delaying the speed at which the material quickly flows out of the discharge port, and ensuring that the material is cleaned in turn from the cleaning loss detection mechanism.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning loss detection mechanism includes a frame detachably connected to the screen box, a sensor and a screening assembly, the frame is horizontally placed at the discharge port, and the frame is a vertical through structure, the screening assembly is arranged at the upper opening of the frame, and a drop port is formed between the frame and the inner wall, and the sensor is located below the drop port.

[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: during the screening process, the screen box vibrates, driving the frame to vibrate at the same time, and the mixture of aggregate and straw is discharged from the upper opening of the frame and screened with the vibration. The screened aggregate falls from the drop port to the sensor for grain cleaning rate detection, and the straw is discharged from the upper side of the screening component.

[0010] Furthermore, the screening assembly includes at least two long screen bars arranged in a horizontal direction, the length direction of the long screen bars extends along a direction perpendicular to the material discharge direction, and both ends of the long screen bars are connected to the frame.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the multiple long screen bars along the material discharge direction can reduce the probability of long straws falling down and mixing with the grain again.

[0012] Furthermore, the long screen bars are cylindrical in structure, and are rotatably connected to the frame.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that during the process of removing the straw, the long screen bars can rotate under the action of friction, thereby relatively increasing the speed of removing the straw.

[0014] Furthermore, the screening assembly also includes a plurality of screen bar mounting plates spaced apart along the length direction of the long screen bars, and the screen bar mounting plates are detachably connected to the frame.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the screen bar mounting plates arranged at intervals divide the materials discharged simultaneously into several portions, so as to reduce the probability of blockage.

[0016] Furthermore, the top surface of the screening assembly is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the inclined surface is close to the screen box.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the inclined surface relatively prolongs the path length of material separation, thereby improving the separation rate of grain and straw.

[0018] Furthermore, the frame includes a front guard plate, a rear guard plate and two side panels, the front guard plate is detachably connected to the screen box, the rear guard plate is relatively arranged on the rear side of the front guard plate, the two side panels are relatively arranged at both ends of the front guard plate and the rear guard plate, and the front and rear ends of the side panels are respectively fixed to the front guard plate and the rear guard plate.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the front guard plate, the rear guard plate and the two side plates form a frame structure for installing sensors and screening components, and are placed horizontally at the discharge port to improve the material separation effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end of the front guard plate is bent toward the rear guard plate and / or the upper end of the rear guard plate is bent toward the front guard plate to form a guide plate, and the lower end of the guide plate is located above the sensor.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the guide plate guides the falling grains of the cereal material to guide the cereal material to the sensor, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the cleaning degree detection by the sensor.

[0022] Furthermore, both ends of the front guard plate are detachably connected with bent plates, and the bent plates are detachably connected to the screen box.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the entire frame is installed on the screen box through the bent plate to achieve blocking of the discharge port.

[0024] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a harvester, comprising the above-mentioned cleaning device.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above scheme is that the harvesting efficiency can be improved and the waste of grain can be reduced by using a harvester equipped with the cleaning device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an overall diagram of the utility model, in which arrows indicate the material flow direction;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a top view of the cleaning loss detection mechanism of the utility model.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0030] 1. Screen box; 11. Discharge port; 12. Primary screen assembly; 13. Upper screen assembly; 14. Tail screen assembly;

[0031] 2. Screen box driving components;

[0032] 3. Frame; 31. Front guard plate; 311. Bend plate; 32. Rear guard plate; 33. Side plate; 331. Observation hole; 34. Guide plate;

[0033] 4. Sensor;

[0034] 5. Screening assembly; 51. Long screen bar; 52. Screen bar mounting plate;

[0035] 6. Blanking port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] On the one hand, the utility model provides a cleaning device, which is described in detail below.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 A cleaning device comprises a screen box 1, a horizontal discharge port 11 is provided at the rear end of the screen box 1, a cleaning loss detection mechanism is arranged at the discharge port 11, the cleaning loss detection mechanism is horizontally arranged at the discharge port 11, the length direction of the cleaning loss detection mechanism extends along the vertical material discharge direction, and both ends are detachably connected to the screen box 1.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the cleaning loss detection mechanism is placed horizontally at the discharge port 11, and the cleaning loss detection structure covers the entire discharge port 11 of the screen box 1, and can collect the lost grains discharged from the screen box in the entire area, thereby expanding the detection range, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the grain loss rate; at the same time, the cleaning loss detection mechanism itself replaces the baffle in the prior art to form a blocking effect, relatively delaying the speed at which the material quickly flows out of the discharge port 11, and ensuring that the material is cleaned from the cleaning loss detection mechanism in sequence.

[0041] On the basis of the above embodiment, a primary screening assembly 12, an upper screening assembly 13 and a tail screen assembly 14 are sequentially arranged and installed in the screen box 1, and a discharge port 11 is arranged at the outlet end of the tail screen assembly 14; the material formed by a mixture of straw and grain is successively screened by the primary screening assembly 12, the upper screening assembly 13 and the tail screen assembly 14, and the straw containing a small amount of grain is discharged from the discharge port 11 and further cleaned by a cleaning loss detection mechanism.

[0042] In the embodiment of the utility model, the cleaning loss detection mechanism is arranged at the tail of the tail screen assembly 14, and the top of the cleaning loss detection mechanism is higher than the tail screen assembly 14 to form a barrier to the mixed material discharged through the tail screen assembly 14, thereby achieving the effect of sequential screening.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3On the basis of Example 1, the cleaning loss detection mechanism includes a frame 3, a sensor 4 and a screening component 5 which are detachably connected to the screen box 1. The frame 3 is horizontally placed at the discharge port 11, and the frame 3 has a vertical through structure. The screening component 5 is arranged at the upper opening of the frame 3, and a drop port 6 is formed between the frame 3 and the inner wall of the frame 3. The sensor 4 is located below the drop port 6.

[0045] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred scheme in the above embodiment is that during the screening process, the screen box 1 vibrates, driving the frame 3 to vibrate at the same time, and the mixture of aggregate and straw is discharged from the upper opening of the frame 3 and screened with the vibration. The screened aggregate falls from the drop port 6 to the sensor 4 for grain cleaning rate detection, and further falls from the lower opening of the frame 3, while the straw is discharged from the upper side of the screening component 5.

[0046] As a prior art, the specific detection method of the utility model is described as follows: a sensitive element is provided on the sensor 4. When the falling grains impact the surface of the sensitive element, the sensitive element generates a piezoelectric signal, which is converted into a voltage signal through a charge amplifier. According to the difference in the frequency of the grain, the impact signal of the residual and the vibration signal of the entire device, the discriminator parameters are set to eliminate the vibration influence. The envelope of the grain impact vibration signal is obtained through the absolute value peak detection amplifier and the envelope detector to eliminate the interference of the resonant wave signal. Since the density and hardness of the grain are usually greater than other residuals, the peak value of the voltage signal generated by its impact on the sensitive element is also larger. By setting a suitable voltage comparator threshold, the grain impact signal and other residual impact signals can be effectively distinguished. Finally, the amplitude and width of the output signal are adjusted through the wave rectification circuit, so that the grain impacts once, and the sensor signal modulation circuit outputs a standard square wave voltage, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the grain flow.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of embodiments 1 and 2, the screening assembly 5 includes at least two long screen bars 51 arranged in the horizontal direction, the length direction of the long screen bars 51 extends along the vertical material discharge direction, and both ends are connected to the frame 3.

[0049] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the multiple long screen bars 51 along the material discharge direction can reduce the probability of long straws falling down and mixing with the grain again.

[0050] As a specific solution of the above embodiment, the long screen bars 51 can be two (such as Figure 2 ), three, four, five, etc. A material drop opening 6 is formed between two adjacent long screen bars 51.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of embodiments 1-3, the long screen bars 51 are of cylindrical structure, and the long screen bars 51 are rotatably connected to the frame 3.

[0053] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that, during the process of removing the straw, the long screen bars 51 can rotate under the action of friction, thereby relatively increasing the speed of removing the straw.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of embodiments 1-4, the screening assembly 5 further includes a plurality of screen bar mounting plates 52 spaced apart along the length direction of the long screen bars 51 , and the screen bar mounting plates 52 are detachably connected to the frame 3 .

[0056] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the screen bar mounting plates 52 arranged at intervals divide the materials discharged simultaneously into several portions, so as to reduce the probability of blockage.

[0057] As a specific solution of the above embodiment, the plurality of screen bar mounting plates 52 may be two, three, four, five or six.

[0058] Based on the above embodiment, a plurality of rotating grooves are opened at the upper end of the screen bar mounting plate 52, the number of the plurality of rotating grooves is equal to the number of the plurality of long screen bars 51, and the plurality of long screen bars 51 are rotatably connected to the rotating grooves one by one to achieve installation.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of embodiments 1-5, the top surface of the screening component 5 is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the inclined surface is close to the screen box 1.

[0061] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the inclined surface relatively prolongs the path length of material separation, thereby improving the separation rate of grain and straw.

[0062] As a specific solution of the above embodiment, a plurality of long screen bars 51 are arranged on the same inclined surface, and the upper side surface of the screen bar mounting plate 52 is also an inclined surface.

[0063] Example 7

[0064] like Figure 2 and Figure 3On the basis of Examples 1-6, the frame 3 includes a front guard plate 31, a rear guard plate 32 and two side plates 33. The front guard plate 31 is detachably connected to the screen box 1, the rear guard plate 32 is relatively arranged on the rear side of the front guard plate 31, and the two side plates 33 are relatively arranged at the two ends of the front guard plate 31 and the rear guard plate 32, and the front and rear ends of the side plates 33 are respectively fixed to the front guard plate 31 and the rear guard plate 32.

[0065] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the front guard plate 31, the rear guard plate 32 and the two side plates 33 form a frame structure for installing the sensor 4 and the screening component 5, and are placed horizontally at the discharge port 11 to improve the material separation effect.

[0066] As a specific solution of the above embodiment, the front guard plate 31 is pressed against the screen box 1 to form a blockage for the discharge port 11 to ensure the sequential cleaning of the mixed materials.

[0067] The sensor 4 is installed between the front guard plate 31 and the rear guard plate 32 .

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, the side plate 33 is provided with an observation hole 331 through which the falling condition of the grain can be observed in real time.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 Based on Examples 1-7, the upper end of the front guard plate 31 is bent toward the rear guard plate 32 and / or the upper end of the rear guard plate 32 is bent toward the front guard plate 31 to form a guide plate 34, and the lower end of the guide plate 34 is located above the sensor 4.

[0071] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the guide plate 34 guides the falling grains to guide the grains to the sensor 4, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the cleaning degree detection by the sensor 4. When the guide plate 34 is provided on the rear guard plate 32, the probability of the grains being discharged outward from the frame 3 under the action of inertia can be reduced.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, a smooth circular transition structure is provided between the guide plate 34 and the upper ends of the front guard plate 31 and / or the rear guard plate 32 to prevent the straw from being hooked and blocking discharge.

[0073] Based on the above embodiment, when the upper end of the rear guard plate 32 is bent to form a guide plate 34, the top end of the guide plate 34 is lower than the long screen bar 51 that is close to it and located at the highest point, so that when the long straw is led outward, the long straw can be formed into a state of tilting downward away from the direction of the screen box 1 under the action of gravity, and then quickly discharged under the action of gravity.

[0074] Example 9

[0075] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the basis of Embodiments 1-8, both ends of the front guard plate 31 are detachably connected with bent plates 311, and the bent plates 311 are detachably connected to the screen box 1.

[0076] The beneficial effect of adopting the preferred solution in the above embodiment is that the entire frame 3 is installed on the screen box 1 through the bent plate 311 to achieve blocking of the discharge port 11.

[0077] As a specific solution of the above embodiment, the bent plate 311 is detachably connected to the front guard plate 31 and the screen box 1 through fasteners (bolts are shown in the figure).

[0078] On the other hand, the utility model provides a harvester, as described in detail below.

[0079] Example 10

[0080] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 A harvester includes the cleaning device as described in Examples 1-9. A screen box driving component 2 is installed below the screen box 1. The screen box driving component 2 can be a vibration motor. The specific vibration mode is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be explained in detail here. It can be purchased and installed in the market as needed.

[0081] The screen box 1 is driven to vibrate by the screen box driving component 2, so as to drive the frame 3 to vibrate simultaneously.

[0082] The harvester may be a corn harvester, a rice harvester, etc., which is provided with a screen box 1; when in use, the cleaning loss detection mechanism is installed at the discharge port 11 of the screen box 1.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0084] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0085] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0087] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0088] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cleaning device, comprising a screen box (1), wherein a horizontal discharge port (11) is provided at the rear end of the screen box (1), and a cleaning loss detection mechanism is provided at the discharge port (11), characterized in that: The cleaning loss detection mechanism is horizontally placed at the material discharge port (11), the length direction of the cleaning loss detection mechanism extends along a direction perpendicular to the material discharge direction, and both ends of the cleaning loss detection mechanism are detachably connected to the screen box (1).

2. A cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning loss detection mechanism comprises a frame (3) detachably connected to the screen box (1), a sensor (4) and a screening assembly (5); the frame (3) is horizontally placed at the discharge port (11), and the frame (3) is a vertical through structure; the screening assembly (5) is arranged at the upper opening of the frame (3), and a material drop opening (6) is formed between the frame (3) and the inner wall of the frame (3); the sensor (4) is located below the material drop opening (6).

3. A cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening assembly (5) comprises at least two long screen bars (51) arranged in a horizontal direction, the length direction of the long screen bars (51) extending in a direction perpendicular to the material discharge direction, and both ends of the long screen bars (51) are connected to the frame (3).

4. A cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The long screen bar (51) is a cylindrical structure, and the long screen bar (51) is rotatably connected to the frame (3).

5. A cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screening assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of screen bar mounting plates (52) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the long screen bars (51), and the screen bar mounting plates (52) are detachably connected to the frame (3).

6. A cleaning device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the screening component (5) is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the inclined surface is close to the screen box (1).

7. A cleaning device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The frame (3) comprises a front guard plate (31), a rear guard plate (32) and two side plates (33); the front guard plate (31) is detachably connected to the screen box (1); the rear guard plate (32) is relatively arranged at the rear side of the front guard plate (31); the two side plates (33) are relatively arranged at the two ends of the front guard plate (31) and the rear guard plate (32); and the front and rear ends of the side plates (33) are respectively fixed to the front guard plate (31) and the rear guard plate (32).

8. A cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the front guard plate (31) is bent toward the rear guard plate (32) and / or the upper end of the rear guard plate (32) is bent toward the front guard plate (31) to form a guide plate (34), and the lower end of the guide plate (34) is located above the sensor (4).

9. A cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both ends of the front guard plate (31) are detachably connected with bent plates (311), and the bent plates (311) are detachably connected to the screen box (1).

10. A harvester, characterized in that: It comprises a cleaning device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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